Expression of HER2 and estrogen receptor alpha depends upon nuclear localization of Y-box binding protein-1 in human breast cancers

In our present study, we examined whether nuclear localization of Y-box binding protein-1 (YB-1) is associated with the expression of epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFR), hormone receptors, and other molecules affecting breast cancer prognosis. The expression of nuclear YB-1, clinicopathologic findings, and molecular markers [EGFR, HER2, estrogen receptor (ER)alpha, ER beta, progesterone receptor, chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 4 (CXCR4), phosphorylated Akt, and major vault protein/lung resistance protein] were immunohistochemically analyzed. The association of the expression of nuclear YB-1 and the molecular markers was examined in breast cancer cell lines using microarrays, quantitative real-time PCR, and Western blot analyses. Knockdown of YB-1 with siRNA significantly reduced EGFR, HER2, and ER alpha expression in ER alpha-positive, but not ER alpha-negative, breast cancer cell lines. Nuclear YB-1 expression was positively correlated with HER2 (P = 0.0153) and negatively correlated with ER alpha (P = 0.0122) and CXCR4 (P = 0.0166) in human breast cancer clinical specimens but was not correlated with EGFR expression. Nuclear YB-1 expression was an independent prognostic factor for overall (P = 0.0139) and progression-free (P = 0.0280) survival. In conclusion, nuclear YB-1 expression might be essential for the acquisition of malignant characteristics via HER2-Akt-dependent pathways in breast cancer patients. The nuclear localization of YB-1 could be an important therapeutic target against not only multidrug resistance but also tumor growth dependent on HER2 and ER alpha.     

Is nuclear expression of Y box-binding protein-1 a new prognostic factor in ovarian serous adenocarcinoma?

BACKGROUND: Nuclear expression of Y box-binding protein (YB-1), a member of the DNA binding protein family, has been reported to be much more highly concentrated in cisplatin-resistant cell lines than in their parental counterparts, suggesting an ability to limit cisplatin sensitivity. Moreover, YB-1 plays a key role in P-glycoprotein expression. Because ovarian carcinoma traditionally has been treated with cisplatin-based chemotherapy, the sensitivity of the tumors to chemotherapy could reflect a particular prognosis in patients with ovarian carcinoma. The aim of the current study was to determine whether YB-1 expression correlated with prognosis in ovarian serous adenocarcinoma patients. METHODS: The expression of YB-1 in the nucleus was examined immunohistochemically in 42 paraffin embedded primary Stage III (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics) serous ovarian carcinoma tumors extirpated by primary surgery at Kyushu University Hospital between 1985-1995. RESULTS: Of the 40 primary ovarian tumors examined, 12 (30%) were positive for YB-1 expression in the nucleus. There was no significant difference in intraperitoneal stage, histologic grade, or residual tumor size after primary surgery between patients with tumors with positive and those with negative nuclear expression of YB-1 protein. The disease free survival curve for patients whose tumors were positive for nuclear expression of YB-1 protein was significantly worse than that for patients whose tumors were negative (P = 0.0025). P-glycoprotein was overexpressed in 4 of 12 tumors with nuclear YB-1 expression (33%) but there was no statistical significance between the expression of nuclear YB-1 and P-glycoprotein. CONCLUSIONS: The expression of YB- 1 protein in the nucleus may be considered a useful prognostic marker and also may reflect the sensitivity of ovarian serous adenocarcinoma to chemotherapy.     

Immunohistochemical expression of basic fibroblast growth factor and fibroblast growth factor receptors 1 and 2 in the pathogenesis of lung cancer

PURPOSE: To identify the patterns of protein expression of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and FGF receptors 1 and 2 in non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) and their role in the early pathogenesis of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the lung. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Archived tissue from NSCLC (adenocarcinoma and SCC; n = 321) and adjacent bronchial epithelial specimens (n = 426) were analyzed for the immunohistochemical expression of bFGF, FGFR1, and FGFR2, and the findings were correlated with clinicopathologic features of the patients. RESULTS: High expression of bFGF, FGFR1, and FGFR2 was shown in most NSCLC tumors. The pattern of expression for all markers varied according to tumor histologic type and cellular localization. Cytoplasmic expression scores were significantly higher in tumors than in normal epithelia. Nuclear bFGF (P = 0.03) and FGFR1 (P = 0.02) levels were significantly higher in women than in men. Although cytoplasmic FGFR1 expression was significantly higher (P = 0.002) in ever smokers than in never smokers, nuclear FGFR1 (P = 0.0001) and FGFR2 (P = 0.003) expression was significantly higher in never smokers. Different prognostic patterns for the expression of these markers were detected for both NSCLC histologic types. Dysplastic changes showed significantly higher expression of all markers compared with squamous metaplasia. CONCLUSIONS: bFGF, FGFR1, and FGFR2 are frequently overexpressed in SCC and adenocarcinoma of the lung. bFGF signaling pathway activation may be an early phenomenon in the pathogenesis of SCC and thus an attractive novel target for lung cancer chemopreventive and therapeutic strategies.     

Nuclear localization of survivin is a positive prognostic factor for survival in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer.

BACKGROUND: Expression of survivin, a member of the inhibitor of apoptosis protein family, is commonly detected in cancers but not in normal differentiated tissues. Survivin is usually localized in the cytoplasm of cancer cells, but nuclear localization has also been described, and we recently reported that survivin is a nuclear-cytoplasmic shuttling protein. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Fifty-three tumor specimens from patients with inoperable non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) (55% stage IIIA, 17% stage IIIB and 28% stage IV) who underwent chemotherapy treatment were evaluated with immunohistochemistry for survivin expression and localization. These two sets of data were processed and tested for correlation with major patient characteristics, response to chemotherapy, and overall and relapse-free survival. RESULTS: Survivin was present only in malignant tissues, and 47/53 (89%) of the specimens were positive. The overall median expression of tumor cells was 40%, and this value was used as a cut-off point for statistical analysis. By dichotomizing the specimens as expressing low or high levels of survivin, a significant association was seen between the expression of survivin and the histology of the tumors (P=0.020), squamous cell carcinoma being the histotype with lower levels of survivin expression. Three patterns of localization were observed: 42% of cases (22/53) showed reactivity confined to the nucleus, 17% (nine of 53) only in the cytoplasm and 30% (16/53) in both the nucleus and the cytoplasm. Interestingly, nuclear survivin levels predicted longer overall and relapse-free survival, in univariate and multivariate analyses. Expression and localization of survivin did not correlate with response to chemotherapy. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that differential localization of survivin may be a prognostic factor for NSCLC. Further studies are warranted.     

Prognostic implications of the nuclear localization of Y-box-binding protein-1 and CXCR4 expression in ovarian cancer: their correlation with activated Akt, LRP/MVP and P-glycoprotein expression

The nuclear localization of Y-box-binding protein-1 (YB-1) is known to be a poor prognostic factor in several human malignancies, including ovarian carcinoma. Following on from our basic study dealing with microarray analyses of YB-1-associated gene expression in ovarian cancer cells, we examined whether nuclear localization of YB-1 is associated with the expression of CXCR4, a vault protein named lung resistance-related vault protein (LRP/MVP), phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt) or P-glycoprotein (P-gp) in human ovarian carcinoma. Fifty-three surgically resected ovarian carcinomas treated with paclitaxel and carboplatin were examined immunohistochemically for nuclear YB-1 expression and intrinsic expression of p-Akt, P-gp, LRP/MVP and CXCR4. Nuclear expression of YB-1 demonstrated significant correlation with p-Akt, P-gp and LRP expression, but no relationship with CXCR4 expression. By multivariate analysis, only YB-1 nuclear expression and CXCR4 expression were independent prognostic factors with regard to overall survival. These results indicate that YB-1 nuclear expression and CXCR4 expression are important prognostic factors in ovarian carcinoma.     

p53蛋白、雌激素受体、孕激素受体在非小细胞肺癌中的表达及临床意义

目的 检测非小细胞肺癌（ＮＳＣＬＣ）中ｐ５３蛋白、雌激素受体（ＥＲ）和孕激素受体（ＰＲ）表达与临床病理和预后的相关性。方法 应用免疫组织化学ＳＰ法检测１４７例ＮＳＣＬＣ癌组织标本中ｐ５３、ＥＲ、ＰＲ的表达。结果 ｐ５３蛋白总阳性率为６１．２％（９０／１４７）,鳞癌、腺癌、鳞腺癌、大细胞癌阳性率分别为６３．５％（４０／６３）、５７．６％（３３／６６）、６６．７％（１０／１４）、５０％（２／４）。腺癌     

YB-1在青年型乳腺癌组织中的表达及意义

目的:探讨YB-1(Y-box binding protein 1)在青年型乳腺癌组织中的表达及意义。方法:应用免疫组织化学方法研究YB-1蛋白在青年型乳腺癌组织中的表达,并结合病理组织学类型、病理分级等临床特征分析YB-1在青年型乳腺癌组织中的表达意义;依据ER、PR、HER-2、CK5/6表达对青年型乳腺癌进行分子分型(Luminal-A、Luminal-B、HER2+和Basal-like 4个分子亚型),并分析其与YB-1表达的关系。结果:HE结果显示64例青年型乳腺癌病理组织学分类主要为浸润性导管癌,占59.4%。免疫组化结果显示64例青年型乳腺癌组织中YB-1阳性率为92.2%,其中细胞核阳性表达率53.1%,细胞浆阳性表达率39.1%。肿瘤>2cm的患者占59.4%,YB-1主要表达在细胞核(40.6%),患者肿瘤?2cm占37.5%,YB-1则主要在细胞浆表达(20.3%),YB-1表达类型与肿瘤大小有显著统计学意义(P=0.036)。组织学3级所占比例最高,占48.4%,且多为YB-1细胞核表达(37.5%),乳腺癌不同的组织学分级间YB-1的表达率不同(P=0.000);青年型乳腺癌患者发生淋巴结转移的比例高(84.4%),其中N3期所占比例最高,占40.6%,YB-1主要在细胞核表达,占31.3%,胞浆表达占7.8%。青年型乳腺癌分子分型中主最多见的是Luminal-B型,占46.9%,YB-1主要表达在细胞核(32.8%),浆表达仅占9.4%,统计分析显示YB-1表达的核浆分布特点与青年型乳腺癌分子分型有关(P=0.04)。结论:YB-1在青年型乳腺癌组织中的表达特点与肿瘤大小、病理组织分级及淋巴结状态有一定关系,细胞核阳性主要见于肿瘤>2cm的患者,而细胞浆阳性主要见于肿瘤?2cm的患者,且YB-1细胞核表达主要为组织学3级,且青年型乳腺癌淋巴结转移率高,YB-1主要在细胞核表达;青年型乳腺癌不同分子分型中YB-1蛋白表达存在差异,YB-1可能成为青年型乳腺癌防治的新的分子靶点。     

Clinical significance of insulin receptor substrate-I down-regulation in non-small cell lung cancer

Insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) is an adaptor protein for insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling and it is presumed associated with cancer development, progression or clinical outcome of patients harboring solid tumors. Therefore, we investigated by immunohistochemistry, the expression of IRS-1 in the tumor tissues from 94 patients who were diagnosed as stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and had undergone a curative lung resection. The relationships between its intratumoral expression and various clinical parameters were explored. IRS-1 is consistently expressed in the cytoplasm of intrapulmonary bronchial and bronchiolar epithelial cells comprising normal appearing adjacent lung tissues. Forty-one (43.6%) of 94 specimens showed loss of IRS-1 expression. In a subset analysis, IRS-1 was more frequently lost in stage IB than in IA tumors (50.0 vs. 22.7%, p=0.024, chi(2) test), which was reflected by the facts that tumors which showed down-regulation of IRS-1 had larger area than those with IRS-1 expression (18.1 vs. 12.1 cm(2), p=0.044, t-test). Down-regulation of IRS-1 is more frequently observed in squamous cell carcinoma than other cell type lung cancer (p=0.002, chi(2) test) and its expression was not affected by histological grade of differentiation. Comparing pack-years (P.Y.) between groups of smokers whose tumor expressed IRS-1 and those that did not, smokers whose tumor showed loss of IRS-1 expression had higher P.Y. than those whose tumor did express IRS-1 (39.2+/-23.67 vs. 25.6+/-26.61 P.Y., p=0.034, t-test). Intratumoral expression of IRS-1 did not influence disease-free survival, disease-specific survival or overall survival of stage I NSCLC patients, whose median follow-up duration is 7.5 years (95% CI; 7.21-7.86 years). These results suggest that loss of IRS-1 might rather be an early event in NSCLC development than a prognostic factor and that it is more strongly related with squamous cell carcinoma and with smoking.     

表皮生长因子受体、血管内皮生长因子受体和BAD在非小细胞肺癌中的表达

背景与目的：表皮生长因子受体（epidermal growth factor receptor，EGFR）和血管内皮生长因子受体（vascular endothelial growth factor receptor，VEGFR）均属酪氨酸激酶受体（receptor tyrosine kinase，RTK），可调控细胞的增殖、分化与生存。BAD是Bcl-2家族中的促凋亡信号成分，在调控细胞凋亡特别是肿瘤细胞凋亡过程中发挥重要作用。但目前人们对上述这些重要蛋白在非小细胞肺癌（non—small—cell lung cancer，NSCLC）中的表达与肿瘤病理学的关系所知甚少。本研究探讨ECFR、VEGFR、BAD和磷酸化BAD在NSCLC中的表达情况以及与肿瘤病理的关系。方法：使用组织微阵列（tissue microarray，TMA）切片的免疫组织化学法，NSCLC患者51例（26例腺癌，16例鳞癌，8例大细胞癌，1例大细胞神经内分泌癌）。结果：51例患者中EGFR和VEGFR分别在10例（加％）和14例（27％）中出现过度表达。大细胞癌中未见VEGFR表达（0／8例），而鳞癌和腺癌患者中VEGFR表达分别为44％（7／16）和27％（7／26）。EGFR和VEGFR的表达与性别，肿瘤细胞分化及肿瘤浸润程度（包括胸膜浸润，血管浸润，淋巴结转移，肺内播散，脑转移情况）无关。51例患者中22例（43％）出现BAD蛋白表达缺失，且NSCLC的不同病理类型间差异有显著性。BAD蛋白表达缺失在16例鳞癌患者中10例（63％），8例大细胞癌患者中5例（63％），26例鳞癌患者中有7例（27％）（P=0．04）。51例患者中25例（49％）出现磷酸化BAD蛋白过度表达[其中26例腺癌患者中有13例（50％），16例鳞癌患者中有8例（50％），8例大细胞癌患者中有4例（50％）]。BAD蛋白的表达缺失与磷酸化BAD蛋白的过度表达经统计检验与上述肿瘤浸润程度无相关性。结论：肺鳞癌出现VEGFR表达增高的可能较大，而大细胞癌出现VEGFR表达增高的可能最小。在鳞癌和大细胞癌中可见BAD蛋白表达的显著缺失。NSCLC患者EGFR，VEGFR，磷酸化BAD蛋白的过度表达以及BAD蛋白表达的缺失与病理浸润程度无关。但这些受体酪氨酸激酶表达以及与NSCLC凋亡直接相关的媒介因子可能成为未来多靶向治疗中的候选靶标。     

Matrix metalloproteinase-2 status in stromal fibroblasts, not in tumor cells, is a significant prognostic factor in non-small-cell lung cancer.

PURPOSE: The purpose is to assess clinical significance of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 status, especially MMP-2 status, in stromal cells in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) because experimental studies have revealed that stromal MMP-2 plays important roles in progression of malignant tumors, but most clinical studies focused on tumoral MMP-2 expression, not stromal MMP-2 expression. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We conducted a retrospective study on MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression as evaluated immunohistochemically in a total of 218 consecutive patients with completely resected pathological stage I-IIIA, NSCLC. RESULTS: Strong MMP-2 expression in tumor cells and stromal fibroblasts were documented in 54 (24.8%) and 132 (60.6%) patients, respectively. Strong MMP-2 expression in stromal fibroblasts was more frequently seen in squamous cell carcinoma (72.7%) than in adenocarcinoma (54.9%; P = 0.016). Tumors showing strong MMP-2 expression in stromal fibroblasts showed a significantly higher intratumoral microvessel density (IMVD) than weak stromal MMP-2 tumors (mean intratumoral microvessel density, 50.9 versus 32.4, P = 0.003). In addition, postoperative prognosis of strong stromal MMP-2 patients was significantly poorer than that of weak stromal MMP-2 patients (5-year survival rate, 77.5 versus 60.2%, P = 0.032), and the prognostic significance was enhanced in squamous cell carcinoma patients but disappeared in adenocarcinoma patients. Multivariate analyses confirmed that strong stromal MMP-2 expression was a significant factor to predict a poor prognosis in squamous cell carcinoma patients, not in adenocarcinoma patients. In contrast, MMP-2 or MMP-9 status in tumor cells was not a significant prognostic factor. CONCLUSIONS: MMP-2 status in stromal fibroblasts, not in tumor cells, was a significant prognostic factor associated with angiogenesis in NSCLC.     

Subcellular localization, modification and protein complex formation of the cdk-inhibitor p16 in Rb-functional and Rb-inactivated tumor cells

The cdk-inhibitor p16 is a tumor suppressor gene that is inactivated in many forms of cancer. Despite numerous studies, the exact mechanism of regulation of p16 has not been clarified, although the status of retinoblastoma (Rb) seems to be one important factor that influences the p16 expression. The specificity and validity of cytoplasmic localization of p16 observed in some tumors has further been questioned. Here, by subcellular fractionation of Rb-functional and Rb-inactivated cell lines, we show that p16 indeed is expressed in the cytoplasm as well as in the nucleus. Post translational modifications of p16 in different subcellular compartments as well as its capacity to form protein complexes were further delineated. Two dimensional gel electrophoresis showed that two forms of p16 appeared in the cytoplasm, while only one form was detected in the nucleus. Samples of basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma of the skin with either functional or non-functional Rb also exhibited at least two forms of p16. In addition, cytoplasmic p16 bound cyclin dependent kinase (cdk)4/6, potentially indicating that p16 could have a function in the cytoplasm.     

胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白3在非小细胞肺癌中的表达研究

目的:检测胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白3(IGFBP3)在非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)组织中的表达,探讨其与肺癌临床病理学特征和生存时间的关系。方法:采用免疫组织化学和免疫印迹技术检测IGFBP3在34例肺鳞癌和25例肺腺癌(共21例含癌旁肺组织)及15例良性肺病变组织中的表达。结果:IGFBP3在良性肺组织中表达定位于细胞质;而在肺癌组织中表达定位于细胞质和细胞核(分别称为IGFBP3质表达和核表达),后二者阳性率为44%(26/59)和29%(17/59)。IGFBP3使表达在肺癌和良性肺组织间差异无统计学意义。在伴有局部淋巴结转移肺癌组织中IGFBP3核表达显著低于无淋巴结转移肺癌组织,P=0.0029;在低分化肺癌组织中IGFBP3核表达显著低于中或高分化肺癌,P=0.0292。IGFBP3质表达与胰岛素样生长因子1(IGF1)在肺癌组织中的表达显著相关,P=0.0007。IGFBP3质表达阳性者预后差,而IGFBP3核表达阳性者预后优于阴性表达者。结论:在NSCLC组织中,IGFBP3质表达可能与调节IGF作用有关,而核表达则可能与抑制肿瘤生长有关,IGFBP3质或核表达具有一定的预后意义。     

FOXC1蛋白在喉鳞状细胞癌中表达及临床意义

目的：探讨FOXC1蛋白在人喉鳞癌组织中的表达及其与淋巴结转移、分化程度等临床病理参数间的关系。方法：采用免疫组织化学法检测FOXC1蛋白在喉鳞癌（LSCC）及癌旁正常切缘组织中的表达,并结合临床病理学特征进行统计学分析。结果：FOXC1蛋白阳性表达定位于喉鳞癌细胞的胞核或胞浆,其在LSCC组及对照组中的阳性表达率分别为96.8%和27.1%（P〈0.05）,FOXC1浆表达与颈部淋巴结转移、分化程度及分型关系密切,而与性别、年龄、临床分期等无明显关系;FOXC1核表达与分型相关,与其它临床病理学参数间无明显相关。结论：FOXC1蛋白在喉鳞癌组织中阳性表达率明显高于癌旁正常切缘组织,它可能在喉鳞癌的侵袭、转移过程中发挥重要作用。FOXC1可能成为判定喉癌外科切缘及分子靶向治疗的新靶标。     

弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤中YB-1核表达的临床意义

 目的　探讨Y-盒结合蛋白（YB-1）在弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤(DLBCL)中表达及其临床意义。方法　采用Envision两步法检测50例DLBCL和10例反应性淋巴结增生（RLH）患者石蜡标本中YB-1与增生细胞核抗原（PCNA）的表达,分析YB-1表达与临床参数及PCNA表达的关系。结果　DLBCL组与RLH组的YB-1胞质阳性表达率差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）,而DLBCL组的YB-1胞核阳性表达率明显高于RLH组（P＜0.05）;DLBCL临床Ⅲ~Ⅳ期患者的YB-1胞核阳性表达率明显高于Ⅰ~Ⅱ期（P＜0.05）;结外淋巴组织侵犯组的YB-1胞核阳性表达率明显高于结内病变组（P＜0.05）;骨髓浸润组的YB-1胞核阳性表达率显著高于无骨髓浸润组（P＜0.05）;YB-1的胞核阳性表达与PCNA积分呈正相关（P＜0.05）;化疗无效组的YB-1核阳性表达率及PCNA积分均明显高于化疗有效组（P＜0.05）。结论　YB-1的核阳性表达可能参与了肿瘤的发生;YB-1核阳性表达与肿瘤的高侵袭力及肿瘤细胞的高增生能力密切相关,提示患者预后不良。     

PFTK1在人非小细胞肺癌中的表达及临床意义

目的:研究PFTAIRE蛋白激酶1(PFTK1)在人类非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)组织中的表达及其与NSCLC临床病理特征之间的关系,揭示PFTK1的表达在NSCLC中的临床意义。方法:采用免疫组织化学方法检测119例NSCLC组织中PFTK1的表达情况,并用χ²检验比较样本率,Kaplan-Meier法计算生存率,Log-Rank检验进行生存率的比较。结果:PFTK1在NSCLC组织中呈胞核和胞浆阳性。与癌旁组织比较,在119例NSCLC组织中,有76例肺癌组织PFTK1表达水平升高,占63.9%(76/119)。PFTK1的表达在NSCLC不同T分期间以及是否存在淋巴结转移组间的差异均具有统计学意义(P均<0.05),与年龄、性别、临床分期、病理分级、病理类型、肿瘤大小以及区域淋巴结N分期无明显相关性(P>0.05)。在肺鳞癌患者中控制分层因素N分期后进行生存分析显示PFTK1的表达水平越高,患者生存时间越短(P<0.05)。结论:PFTK1在人NSCLC中表达水平升高,并且PFTK1的表达与NSCLC的T分期及淋巴结转移具有相关性,影响NSCLC患者预后。PFTK1有望成为NSCLC潜在的生物学标志。     

P2RY6在非小细胞肺癌中的表达和临床意义分析

  目的  探讨P2RY6在非小细胞肺癌（non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC）患者中的表达及临床意义。  方法  在基因表达集（Gene Expression Omnibus,GEO）和癌症基因组图谱计划（The Cancer Genome Atlas Program,TCGA）数据库中获取多个NSCLC、肺腺癌和肺鳞癌的基因表达以及临床信息数据集。使用非参数检验分析癌组织与邻近正常组织的P2RY6表达水平差异,并且通过免疫组织化学研究肺鳞癌及肺腺癌组织和正常组织的P2RY6蛋白表达情况。使用χ2检验分析P2RY6表达与肺腺癌、肺鳞癌患者临床特征之间的相关性。使用Kaplan-Meier方法和Log-rank检验评估肺腺癌和肺鳞癌P2RY6表达水平与总生存期和无进展生存期之间的关系。使用Cox比例风险回归模型进一步评估P2RY6表达量对肺鳞癌患者总生存期和无进展生存期的预测效能。  结果  P2RY6在NSCLC、肺腺癌和肺鳞癌中均高表达。在肺腺癌患者中,P2RY6表达与生存无关,而与性别有关。在P2RY6高表达的肺鳞癌患者中,总生存期和无进展生存期较短,P2RY6高表达是独立危险因素。  结论  P2RY6与肺鳞癌患者的生存相关,P2RY6高表达预示着肺鳞癌患者总生存期与无进展生存期较短,是预后不良的独立危险因素。      

NSCLC原发部位和转移淋巴结中PD-L1的表达及临床分析

目的 探讨非小细胞肺癌原发部位和转移淋巴结中程序性细胞死亡因子1配体(programmed death-lig-and 1,PD-L1)的表达水平及其临床特征和预后情况.方法 收集病理组织学确诊的55例非小细胞肺癌手术标本和40例超声支气管内镜活检的淋巴结标本.采用免疫组织化学法和实时荧光定量PCR法检测PD-L1蛋白和mRNA的表达.采用生存分析探讨PD-L1蛋白表达和肺癌患者预后的关系.结果 PD-L1蛋白在非小细胞肺癌原发部位的阳性率是23.6%(13/55).PD-L1表达阳性率在病理类型(腺癌vs鳞癌,P=0.047)和病理分期(Ⅰ期vsⅡ~Ⅲ期,P=0.025)方面差异均具有统计学意义.PD-L1蛋白表达阳性患者平均无复发生存时间较短(P=0.049).PD-L1 mRNA在原发部位鳞癌组织中的表达高于腺癌组织(P=0.017),且随病理分期的增加而升高(P=0.029).原发部位和转移淋巴结中PD-L1蛋白和mRNA的表达差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05).PD-L1蛋白在转移淋巴结中的表达在患者年龄、性别、吸烟状态、病理类型、分化程度、病理分期和总生存方面差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05).结论 PD-L1可促进非小细胞肺癌细胞的浸润和转移,在原发部位鳞癌组织中的表达高于腺癌组织.