二甲胺四环素胶原凝胶制剂治疗牙周炎的实验研究

目的通过建立牙周炎实验动物模型,观察二甲胺四环素胶原凝胶制剂治疗牙周炎的效果。方法56只清洁级金黄地鼠随机分成正常组、牙周炎组、实验组。正常组普通饮食,不做任何干预;牙周炎组、实验组用细线结扎实验牙的牙颈部,喂食高糖饮食,口腔接种致病菌牙龈卟啉单胞菌、中间型普里沃氏菌和巨核梭形杆菌,以形成牙周炎动物模型,实验组同时使用二甲胺四环素胶原凝胶制剂治疗金黄地鼠实验性牙周炎,观察比较3组的各项牙周指数及组织病理学变化,用以评价疗效。结果实验组用药后,菌斑指数、探诊出血、牙槽骨吸收值均优于牙周炎组,差异有统计学意义（P﹤0.01）;实验组与正常组比较,菌斑指数、探诊出血差异无统计学意义（P﹥0.05）,牙槽骨吸收值差异有统计学意义（P﹤0.05）。结论二甲胺四环素胶原制剂对金黄地鼠实验性牙周炎有良好的治疗作用。     

二甲胺四环素在牙周炎治疗中的作用

牙周炎为慢性炎症性疾病,盐酸二甲胺四环素(Minocycline,MINO)可通过抑制牙周致病菌的生长繁殖及酶的活性对牙周炎起治疗作用。本文就近年来相关资料对MINO在牙周炎治疗中的作用及机理作了综述,为MINO的临床应用提供依据。     

二甲胺四环素软膏治疗牙周炎的研究

本文的目的是研究牙周袋内放置二甲胺四环素软膏治疗牙周炎的临床和微生物学疗效。将２１名中度牙周炎患者的７６颗患牙随机分组，每周局部给药，连续四周。用药前及用药后２、４、７周分别检测临床指数，并采取龈下菌斑，检测螺旋体的百分比以及其中的牙龈类杆菌。结果证实局部应用二甲胺四环素软膏是一种有效地治疗牙周炎的手段。     

盐酸二甲胺四环素治疗种植体周围炎临床效果观察

目的探讨和评估盐酸二甲胺四环素治疗种植体周围炎的临床疗效,为其在种植体周围炎的临床应用提供初步依据.方法对30例患者种植修复0.5年以上共32枚种植体发生的种植体周围炎局部以盐酸二甲胺四环素治疗,在用药前和用药后1、3、6周检查菌斑指数（PLI）、探诊深度（PD）、龈沟出血指数（SBI）,并随访半年.用SPSS10.0统计软件包配对t检验进行统计分析.结果盐酸二甲胺四环素治疗种植体周围炎后PD、SBI同用药前相比显著降低,其中无窦道型种植体周围炎药效至少能维持至停药后4周,近期治疗效果满意.结论盐酸二甲胺四环素是治疗无窦道型种植体周围炎有效的局部用药.而有窦道型种植体周围炎需结合外科手术治疗,盐酸二甲胺四环素还可作为有效的术前辅助用药控制局部炎症.     

二甲胺四环素局部缓释药条在牙周病的临床应用研究

报告了以明胶海绵为载体的二甲胺四环素缓释药条局部治疗急性牙周炎７９例，其总有效率１００％，该药条能缓慢释放二甲胺四环素，２４ｈ后含药量仍高出最低抑菌浓度的１７０多倍，治疗后牙周袋内螺旋体比例显著下降，球菌比例明显增加，从而调节牙周微环境的菌群失调。     

盐酸二甲胺四环素缓释剂治疗慢性牙周炎疗效评价

目的 :评价盐酸二甲胺四环素牙周缓释剂对慢性牙周炎的临床疗效。方法 :应用Periocheck椅旁检测作为慢性牙周炎病例选择、实验分组的指标 ,选择初诊慢性牙周炎 60例 ,设计单盲平行对照试验 ,评估盐酸二甲胺四环素牙周局部缓释剂临床疗效。结果 :①Periocheck检测的肽酶活性和牙周临床指标密切相关 ,牙周洁治后Peri ocheck转阴组 (A组 ) ,各临床指标均有所改善 ,疾病具有较好的转归 ,说明Periocheck结果可用于评价牙周治疗效果 ,预测疾病的发展趋势。②牙周洁治和根面平整后 ,Periocheck阳性位点只有部分转阴 ,说明机械性洁治不能完全控制牙周菌斑 ;Periocheck阳性位点组 (B组 ) ,牙周袋内局部应用盐酸二甲胺四环素 ,其牙龈指数、菌斑指数、牙周袋深度、附着丧失的改善较再刮治组明显 ,说明对机械性治疗效果不敏感的位点 ,局部化学药物可取得较好的临床效果。结论 :Periocheck可用于评价牙周治疗效果 ,预测疾病发展趋势。对机械性治疗效果不敏感的位点 ,局部应用盐酸二甲胺四环素缓释剂可取得较好的临床效果。     

盐酸二甲胺四环素局部缓释剂在慢性牙周炎治疗中的应用

盐酸二甲胺四环素是一种半合成的四环素衍生物,其抗菌谱与四环素类似,盐酸二甲胺四环素局部缘释剂能够有效地杀灭和抑制牙周袋内的细菌,同时还能够抑制胶原酶活性,降低炎症反应,有利于牙周膜细胞的附着,从而有效地控制和改善牙周炎的症状,促进牙周组织再生,具有临床应用价值。     

盐酸二甲胺四环素软膏治疗牙周病的临床疗效观察

目的:采用不同疗程盐酸二甲胺四环素(派丽奥)辅助治疗慢性牙周炎并与牙周基础治疗作比较,旨在探讨用其治疗后不同阶段的疗效和最佳疗程.方法:用随机、单盲、自身对照的方法,以基础治疗为对照.将90名病人分成A、B、C3组,每组30人60个牙,每组中又分为实验组和对照组,各30个牙.A组为1个疗程组,B组为2个疗程组,C组为3个疗程组.观察基线、用药后1周、3个月、6个月的临床变化,A组延长观察至用药后9～12个月.记录治疗前后牙周探诊深度(PD)、附着丧失(AL)、菌斑指数(PLI)、龈沟出血指数(SBI)的改变并进行统计分析.结果:实验组与对照组比较:治疗后3组PD、AL各时段均有显著性差异(P＜0.01、P＜0.05),SBI、PLI在用药后1周、3个月均有显著性差异(P＜0.01),其余时间段均无显著性差异(P＞0.05),但除外A组PLI在用药6个月仍有显著性差异(P＜0.05).3组疗效经Ridit分析,C组实验组疗效最好.结论:牙周炎以机械洁、刮治为基础,派丽奥局部辅助用药能提高疗效,并能稳定长期疗效,其中实验C组的疗效最好.     

盐酸二甲胺四环素软膏治疗牙周病的临床疗效观察

目的:采用不同疗程盐酸二甲胺四环素(派丽奥)辅助治疗慢性牙周炎并与牙周基础治疗相比较,旨在探讨用其治疗后不同阶段的疗效和最佳疗程。方法:用随机、单盲、自身对照的方法,以基础治疗为对照。将90名病人分成A、B、C 3组,每组30人60个牙,每组中又分为实验组和对照组,各30个牙。A组为1个疗程组,B组为2个疗程组,C组为3个疗程组。观察基线、用药后1周、3个月、6个月的临床变化,A组延长观察至用药后9~12个月。记录治疗前后牙周探诊深度(PD)、附着丧失(AL)、菌斑指数(PLI)、龈沟出血指数(SB I)的改变并进行统计分析。结果:实验组与对照组比较:治疗后3组PD、AL各时段均有显著性差异(P<0.01,P<0.05),SBI、PLI在用药后1周、3个月均有显著性差异(P<0.01),其余时间段均无显著性差异(P>0.05),但除外A组PLI在用药6个月仍有显著性差异(P<0.05)。3组疗效经R id it分析,C组的实验组疗效最好。结论:牙周炎以机械洁治、刮治为基础,派丽奥局部辅助用药能提高疗效,并能稳定长期疗效,其中C组的实验组疗效最好。     

盐酸二甲胺四环素纳米复合微球凝胶的制备及其抑菌作用研究

目的:制备盐酸二甲胺四环素纳米复合微球凝胶并检测其体外抑菌性。方法:制备盐酸二甲胺四环素-聚乳酸乙醇酸共聚物-脂质体复合物(minocycline hydrochloride-poly-lactic-co-glycolic acid-Li-posome,MH-PLGA-Liposome),选用卡波姆(carbomer,CP)作为赋形剂,制备粘度合适的MH-PLGA-Liposome纳米复合微球凝胶。采用打孔法比较MH-PLGA-Liposome纳米复合微球凝胶与派丽奥对牙周主要致病菌牙龈卟啉单胞菌(Porphyromanus gingivalis,Pg)、具核梭杆菌(Fusobacterium nucleatum,Fn)和变异链球菌(Streptococcus mutans,Sm)的抑菌效果。结果:以合适配比的卡波姆∶水(71.3∶2)作为赋形剂制备了粘度合适的MH-PLGA-Liposome纳米复合微球凝胶,其对牙周主要致病菌(Pg、Fn)和Sm均有一定的抑菌作用,与派丽奥相比两者抑菌效果无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论:以聚乳酸乙醇酸共聚物-脂质体核壳(PLGA-Liposome)为载体并以卡波姆作为赋形剂制备的盐酸二甲胺四环素纳米复合缓释微球凝胶具有良好的抑菌效果。     

米诺环素对体外培养的人牙周韧带细胞生物活性的影响

目的 研究米诺环素对体外培养的人牙周韧带细胞(HPDLCs)增殖及生物合成的影响。方法 将不同浓度的米诺环素(1、5、20、100、500、2500 mg/L)加入体外培养的HPDLCs,共孵育2d后,在倒置显微镜下观察其对细胞形态的影响,并分别检测其对细胞的增殖活性、蛋白合成及DNA合成的影响。结果 在5-100mg/L的浓度范围内,米诺环素可显著促进HPDLCs的增殖及生物合成(P<0.01)。但高浓度(2500 mg/L)的米诺环素则严重抑制细胞的生物学活性。结论 一定浓度的米诺环素能提高HPDLCs的生物学活性,但过高浓度的米诺环素具有细胞毒性,不利于牙周组织的修复和再生。     

米诺环素对人牙周韧带细胞矿化能力的影响

目的探讨米诺环素对人牙周韧带细胞(periodontal ligament cells，PDLCs)碱性磷酸酶(alkaline phosphatase，ALP)活性及矿化结节形成能力的影响。方法将不同浓度的米诺环素(0，1，5，20，100，200mg／L)加入体外培养的第4代HPDLCs中，孵育4天后，检测其对细胞ALP活性的影响；将第4代的PDLCs在体外进行长期培养，实验组加入矿化液和米诺环素(20mg／L或100mg／L)，对照组只加矿化液。28天后用茜素红与VonKossa染色检测矿化结节的形成。结果20mg／L和100mg／L的米诺环素能显提高PDLCs的ALP活性．其中20mg／L具有最大的促进效应，对体外矿化结节的形成，亦有一定程度的促进作用。结论米诺环素有促进牙周韧带细胞向成骨细胞方向转化的趋势，从而有助于牙周新附着的形成。     

Putative periodontal pathogens in the subgingival plaque of Sudanese subjects with aggressive periodontitis

Background and objectivesThere has been limited study of the bacterial species associated with aggressive periodontitis (AgP) in high-risk populations in Africa. The aim of this study was to investigate and quantify the presence of four putative periodontal pathogens in the subgingival plaque of Sudanese subjects with AgP. A secondary aim was to investigate the effect of varying the detection threshold on the reported prevalence of the bacterial species investigated.Materials and methodsSubgingival plaque samples were collected from AgP cases (n = 73) and healthy controls (n = 71). Bacterial DNA was extracted and analyzed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction for the detection and quantification of four putative periodontal pathogens: Porphyromonas gingivalis, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Treponema denticola and Tannerella forsythia.ResultsAt the lowest detection threshold (>10¹ cells), P. gingivalis (p < 0.0001) was more prevalent in AgP cases than controls. T. forsythia and T. denticola had a high prevalence (>70%) in AgP cases at all detection levels. While T. forsythia was significantly more frequently identified in AgP than in controls at all detection thresholds, this was only the case for T. denticola at the intermediate threshold (>10² cells). A. actinomycetemcomitans was identified less frequently than the other bacterial species with no difference in its prevalence between AgP cases and controls.ConclusionThe prevalence of the putative periodontal pathogens investigated varied considerably in Sudanese subjects with AgP and in periodontally healthy controls depending on the detection thresholds applied. T. forsythia was identified as having the strongest association with AgP.     

硫炔丙基半胱氨酸对三种牙周致病菌抗菌作用

目的:研究硫炔丙基半胱氨酸(S-propargyl-cysteine,SPRC)溶液对牙周炎常见致病菌的体外抗菌作用.方法:体外分别将牙龈卟啉单胞菌(P.gingivalis),中间普氏菌(P.intermedia)和粪肠球菌(E.faecalis)与不同浓度SPRC(10,20,50和100 mmol/L)共培养,没...     

舌侧矫治器对牙周致病菌的影响

目的研究舌侧矫治器对患者牙周临床指标和牙周致病菌的影响。方法收集成年正畸治疗患者55例资料,28例使用颊侧矫治器作为对照组,27例使用舌侧矫治器作为试验组,于治疗前和治疗6个月后,分别记录菌斑指数、龈沟出血指数、探诊深度,PCR检测龈下菌斑中牙龈卟啉单胞菌(Porphyromonas gingivalis,Pg)、伴放线放线杆菌(Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomtans,Aa)、福赛斯坦氏菌(Tannerella forsythensis,Tf)3种牙周致病菌的检出率。结果治疗6个月试验组菌斑指数、龈沟出血指数、探诊深度分别为2.36±0.71、2.05±0.49、(3.43±0.56)mm,对照组分别为1.86±0.44、1.67±0.25、(2.87±0.74)mm,2组间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);试验组Pg、Aa检出率分别为37.0%和22.2%,对照组的Pg、Aa检出率分别为14.3%和10.7%,试验组高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论舌侧矫治器,较颊侧矫治器,对牙周临床指标影响更大,可造成更多的牙周致病菌聚集。     

Mechano-regulation of collagen biosynthesis in periodontal ligament

Periodontal ligament (PDL) plays critical roles in the development and maintenance of periodontium such as tooth eruption and dissipation of masticatory force. The mechanical properties of PDL are mainly derived from fibrillar type I collagen, the most abundant extracellular component. The biosynthesis of type I collagen is a long, complex process including a number of intra- and extracellular post-translational modifications. The final modification step is the formation of covalent intra- and intermolecular cross-links that provide collagen fibrils with stability and connectivity. It is now clear that collagen post-translational modifications are regulated by groups of specific enzymes and associated molecules in a tissue-specific manner; and these modifications appear to change in response to mechanical force. This review focuses on the effect of mechanical loading on collagen biosynthesis and fibrillogenesis in PDL with emphasis on the post-translational modifications of collagens, which is an important molecular aspect to understand in the field of prosthetic dentistry.     

Identification of periodontal pathogens and severity of periodontitis in patients with and without chronic kidney disease

Objective

In this study of patients with chronic periodontitis (CP), the severity of the disease and the main periodontal pathogens identified in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) were compared with those detected in individuals without systemic disease.

Design

Nineteen patients with CP without evidence of systemic disease (control group), 25 patients with CP and CKD who were in the pre-dialysis stages (pre-dialysis group), and 22 patients with CP and CKD who were on renal replacement therapy (RRT group) were examined. The severity of CP was based on the investigation of probing depth (PD) and clinical attachment level (CAL). The definition and stage of CKD were based on the criteria proposed by the Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative of the National Kidney Foundation. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was estimated using the equation of Modification of Diet in Renal Disease and the identification of microorganisms in subgingival plaque was performed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Results

Candida albicans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, and Treponema denticola were more common in patients who were on RRT and pre-dialysis than in control subjects. CP was more severe in patients with CKD. A strong association was observed between the frequency of C. albicans (P = 0.056), P.gingivalis (P = 0.008), T. denticola (P = 0.013) and CAL, when CKD patients were compared with the control group.

Conclusion

CP is more severe and is associated with increased frequency of C. albicans, P. gingivalis, T. forsythia, and T. denticola in patients with CKD.     

西帕依固龈液联合米诺环素对局限型侵袭性牙周炎牙周致病菌的作用分析

目的 评价西帕依固龈液和米诺环素联合用药对局限型侵袭性牙周炎患者唾液中伴放线杆菌（A.a）、牙龈卟啉单胞菌（P.g）和中间普氏菌（P.i）检出率和相对含量的影响。方法 90例局限型侵袭性牙周炎患者随机分为西帕依固龈液组、米诺环素组及联合用药组3组,每组30例。治疗前1周和治疗后1个月分别采集研究对象唾液,进行DNA提取及PCR反应,分析患者唾液中A.a、P.g和P.i的检出率和相对含量。结果 3组用药后A.a、P.g和P.i检出率与用药前差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）,但相对含量有所降低,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;与米诺环素组相比,西帕依固龈液组P.i的相对含量更低（P<0.05）;与米诺环素组和西帕依固龈液组相比,联合用药组A.a、P.g、P.i的相对含量更低（P<0.05）。结论 西帕依固龈液和米诺环素联合用药对牙周炎患者唾液中A.a、P.g和P.i检出率的影响甚微,但能抑制其相对含量,联合用药比单独用药的抑制效果好。