RNA 干扰MMP-9 表达对人纤维肉瘤细胞系HT1080侵袭转移的影响

目的:探讨MMP-9 高表达对人纤维肉瘤细胞HT1080侵袭和转移能力的影响,及对相关机制进行初步研究。方法:将能与MMP-9 结合的双链RNA转染到HT1080细胞中。结果:人纤维肉瘤细胞HT1080细胞系中的MMP-9 表达减少,可导致细胞迁移抑制、增加细胞粘附和减少肿瘤细胞迁移。此外,MMP-9 敲除后会造成可溶性细胞间粘附分子-1（ICAM- 1）的水平下降,从而导致粘附缺陷与肿瘤转移。结论:MMP-9 在人纤维肉瘤细胞HT1080中具有关键作用,通过改变ICAM- 1 从膜结合形式变为可溶性形式,结果证实MMP-9 将成为一个极具吸引力的肿瘤治疗的靶标。      

Rac1基因对纤维肉瘤细胞侵袭胶原蛋白屏障的影响和机制研究

 目的　体外研究外源Rac1基因表达对HT1080纤维肉瘤细胞侵袭胶原蛋白屏障的影响及其机制。方法　将转染显性负调控突变体Rac1V12N17（HN）、持续活化型Rac1V12（HV）或空载体（HW）纤维肉瘤HT1080细胞，在含胶原蛋白凝胶三维基质中培养， 用得克萨斯红结合的鬼笔环肽染色显示细胞肌动蛋白骨架结构。用胶原蛋白凝胶薄膜覆盖滤膜的Transwell小室进行细胞侵袭胶原屏障实验，并观察2种蛋白酶抑制剂对上述细胞侵袭实验的影响。采用明胶酶谱法检测在三维基质中培养的上述转染细胞分泌型基质金属蛋白酶（MMP）-2和MMP-9的表达和活化。结果　胶原蛋白凝胶中培养的HV和HN细胞在形态上表现出明显差异，前者有更多伪足样突起；HV细胞侵袭胶原屏障能力大于HW细胞，而后者又强于HN 细胞，这种差别在应用广谱MMP抑制剂后消失，而抑肽酶则无影响；外源Rac1的表达促进胶原和纤维蛋白基质中培养的HT1080纤维肉瘤细胞分泌型MMP-2的表达和活化。结论　外源持续活化型Rac1基因在纤维肉瘤HT1080细胞内稳定表达，可诱导细胞内肌动蛋白聚集，增强细胞侵袭胶原屏障能力。Rac1表达促进MMP-2活化可能是其重要机制之一。     

柴胡皂苷D通过抑制EMT和细胞干性抑制人结直肠癌细胞SW480的迁移和侵袭

目的:研究柴胡皂苷D（saikosaponin-D,SSD）对人结直肠癌细胞SW480迁移和侵袭能力的影响,并初步探讨SSD抑制细胞迁移和侵袭的机制。方法:MTT检测SSD对细胞增殖的影响。划痕实验和Transwell迁移实验研究SSD对细胞迁移能力的影响。Transwell侵袭实验研究SSD对细胞侵袭能力的影响。Western-blot检测SSD对上皮间质转化（epithelial mesenchymal transformation,EMT）相关蛋白（E-cadherin、N-cadherin和Vimentin）表达的影响。克隆球形成实验研究SSD对细胞干性的影响。结果:在划痕实验和Transwell迁移实验中,SSD显著抑制SW480的迁移能力（P<0.05）。在Transwell侵袭实验中,SSD显著抑制SW480的侵袭能力（P<0.05）。SSD处理后,细胞E-cadherin的表达增高,N-cadherin和Vimentin的表达降低（P<0.05）,同时SSD抑制SW480细胞克隆球的形成（P<0.05）。结论:柴胡皂苷D通过抑制EMT和细胞干性抑制人结直肠癌细胞SW480的迁移和侵袭。     

Fascin在肾癌细胞系侵袭转移中的作用

目的:研究肌成束蛋白（Fascin）在肾癌细胞(ACHN,769-P)侵袭转移中的作用。方法:利用siRNA沉默Fascin基因在肾癌细胞中的表达,逆转录-聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）和蛋白质印迹法（Western blot）检测Fascin基因的沉默效率。划痕实验和Transwell实验测定细胞的迁移侵袭能力变化。结果:RT-PCR及Western blot检测发现实验组Fascin基因的表达量明显低于空白对照组和阴性对照组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。划痕实验和Transwell实验发现实验组细胞的迁移侵袭能力明显低于空白对照组和阴性对照组（P<0.05）。 结论:沉默肾癌细胞中的Fascin表达后,细胞的迁移侵袭能力明显减弱。     

血小板通过上调NF-κB信号通路增强乳腺癌循环肿瘤细胞的侵袭和迁移能力

目的:探讨血小板接触对乳腺癌循环肿瘤细胞（circulating tumor cells,CTCs）侵袭和迁移能力的影响。方法:利用CytoQuestTM CR抓取乳腺癌患者血液中的循环肿瘤细胞,通过RT-PCR检测Wnt2基因表达水平。通过Western blot检测肿瘤细胞上皮细胞-间充质转化（epithelial-mesenchymal transition,EMT）以及NF-κB信号通路相关蛋白的表达情况。通过细胞划痕、Transwell实验检测血小板的直接接触对肿瘤细胞侵袭和迁移能力的影响。通过封闭乳腺癌细胞中NF-κB的表达,观察NF-κB信号通路在肿瘤细胞侵袭和迁移能力中的重要作用。结果:RT-PCR结果显示,乳腺癌患者血液中的CTCs内Wnt2基因高表达。Western blot结果显示,血小板与乳腺癌细胞的直接接触增加了肿瘤细胞的上皮间质化进程,并诱导激活了肿瘤细胞的NF-κB通路。细胞划痕和Transwell实验结果显示,与血小板共培养可促进乳腺癌细胞的侵袭和迁移。此外,通过封闭乳腺癌细胞中NF-κB基因,可以降低Wnt2的表达,抑制肿瘤细胞的上皮间质化进程,减弱乳腺癌细胞的侵袭和迁移能力。结论:血小板与肿瘤细胞的直接接触促进了乳腺癌循环肿瘤细胞的侵袭和迁移能力,封闭NF-κB信号通路可能是抑制乳腺癌循环肿瘤细胞侵袭和迁移能力的有效策略。     

DAB2IP稳定细胞系的构建及其对结直肠癌HT29细胞侵袭迁移能力的影响

目的 构建DAB2IP高表达的结直肠癌HT29稳定细胞系,检测其对HT29细胞侵袭及迁移能力的影响。方法 将携带DAB2IP基因序列的pcDNA3.1质粒转染HT29细胞,24h后加入适量浓度的G418筛选(10μg/mL),两周后,通过实时定量PCR(qPCR)和Western blot方法检测DAB2IP mRNA水平和蛋白水平,验证DAB2IP的高表达;进一步,通过Transwell及划痕实验检测DAB2IP对HT29细胞侵袭及迁移能力的影响;最后,通过Western blot方法检测其对E-cadherin和vimentin蛋白的表达,初步探讨DAB2IP影响HT29细胞侵袭迁移能力的机制。结果 经G418筛选后,DAB2IP的mRNA和蛋白水平均较对照组明显升高;高表达DAB2IP能够明显抑制HT29细胞的侵袭及迁移能力,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.001);高表达DAB2IP能够促进HT29细胞E-cadherin蛋白的表达,抑制vimentin蛋白的表达。结论 成功筛选出DAB2IP高表达的HT29稳定细胞系,高表达DAB2IP能够通过抑制细胞上皮间质转化过程从而抑制HT29细胞侵袭及迁移能力。     

shRNA沉默Annxin A2基因对放射抗拒鼻咽癌细胞迁移和侵袭的影响

目的 探讨shRNA沉默Annxin A2基因对放射抗拒鼻咽癌细胞迁移和侵袭的影响。方法 采用FuGENE HD将Annexin A2 shRNA转染放射抗拒的鼻咽癌CNE2（R743）细胞,qRT-PCR验证转染细胞中Annxin A2基因的表达,细胞划痕实验和Transwell实验观察下调Annxin A2基因表达及联合照射对鼻咽癌细胞迁移和侵袭的影响,Western blot检测细胞中基质金属蛋白酶2（MMP2）蛋白的表达。结果 转染组细胞Annexin A2 基因的mRNA相对表达量为（0.25±0.17）,较对照组的（1±0.00）和转染对照组的（0.96±0.06）明显下降,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。细胞划痕实验显示,下调Annxin A2基因表达可抑制照射诱导的CNE2（R743）细胞的迁移能力（P<0.05）。Transwell实验结果显示,下调Annxin A2基因表达可抑制照射诱导的CNE2（R743）细胞的迁移和侵袭能力（P<0.05）。Western blot结果表明,下调Annxin A2基因表达能抑制照射诱导的MMP2蛋白的表达上调（P<0.05）。结论 下调Annxin A2基因表达能抑制照射诱导放射抗拒的鼻咽癌CNE2（R743）细胞的迁移和侵袭能力,可能与MMP2蛋白表达下调相关。     

miR-219调控PRKCI表达在舌鳞状细胞癌中作用和机制

目的 探讨PRKCI与miR-219表达的相关性以及对舌鳞状细胞癌的细胞增殖、侵袭和转移的影响。方法 利用双荧光素酶报告基因实验对预测的靶基因进行验证, 用qRT-PCR和Western blot实验检测外源过表达miR-219对舌鳞状细胞癌细胞中转染的PRKCI基因和蛋白表达的影响。最后在过表达miR-219的稳转细胞系中再过表达PRKCI, 利用MTT法、细胞平板克隆实验、划痕实验和Transwell小室法分析PRKCI对miR-219抑制舌鳞状细胞癌细胞增殖、克隆形成能力、迁移能力和侵袭能力的逆转效果。通过qRT-PCR法检测舌鳞状细胞癌组织中PRKCI基因的表达情况并进一步分析PRKCI和miR-219之间的关系。结果 通过生物信息学分析预测得到miR-219下游靶基因为PRKCI。双荧光素酶报告基因实验结果显示miR-219能够降低野生型PRKCI报告基因载体的荧光活性。此外qRT-PCR实验和Western blot实验也显示miR-219能够下调PRKCI在舌鳞状细胞癌细胞中的表达。MTT结果显示过表达PRKCI能够逆转miR-219对舌鳞状细胞癌细胞增殖活性的抑制效应, 进一步通过细胞平板克隆实验、划痕实验以及Transwell实验证明PRKCI过表达能够逆转miR-219对TSCC细胞增殖、侵袭和转移的抑制效应。结论 miR-219通过直接靶向PRKCI、负调控PRKCI的表达发挥抑制肿瘤的作用。在舌鳞状细胞癌组织中, miR-219与PRKCI的表达呈负相关。     

上调 ECRG4表达对鼻咽癌 CNE1细胞增殖、克隆形成和侵袭的影响

目的：研究 ECRG4对鼻咽癌细胞生物学行为的影响。方法：构建稳定表达 ECRG4的鼻咽癌细胞株CNE1、ECRG4c1和 ECRG4c2。MTT 实验、克隆形成实验和侵袭实验分别测定 ECRG4高表达对鼻咽癌细胞增殖能力、克隆形成能力和侵袭能力的影响。结果：成功构建 ECRG4高表达的鼻咽癌细胞,和对照细胞相比, ECRG4的高表达可以抑制 CNE1细胞的增殖能力、克隆形成能力和侵袭转移能力。结论：ECRG4的高表达抑制 CNE1细胞的增殖、克隆形成和侵袭转移能力。在鼻咽癌细胞中发挥抑癌基因功能。     

miR-203抑制食管鳞癌细胞迁移、侵袭及其分子机制探讨

目的:探究miR-203对食管鳞癌细胞(TR146、EC109)迁移、侵袭能力的影响及其分子机制。方法:检测miR-203在食管鳞癌细胞系中的表达水平,并通过转染miR-203激动剂agomir使TR146、EC109细胞稳定高表达miR-203,miR-203 agomir阴性对照组(NC)和无处理组(Blank)作为对照。通过划痕实验、Transwell实验检测miR-203对TR146、EC109细胞迁移、侵袭能力的影响。利用生物信息学分析miR-203潜在的靶基因,并通过双荧光素酶报告基因实验、实时定量PCR（qPCR）实验、Western blot实验验证miR-203靶基因。通过拯救实验探究miR-203是否通过抑制靶基因发挥作用。结果:与正常食管上皮细胞相比,miR-203在食管鳞癌细胞系中表达下调。在TR146、EC109细胞内将miR-203表达水平上调数倍,划痕实验证实miR-203能够抑制TR146、EC109细胞迁移能力,Transwell实验证实miR-203能够抑制TR146、EC109细胞侵袭能力。生物信息学、qPCR实验和Western blot实验表明LASP1(LIM and SH3 domain protein 1)是miR-203潜在的靶基因。拯救实验表明miR-203通过靶向抑制LASP1发挥抑制食管鳞癌细胞迁移、侵袭的作用。结论:miR-203能够抑制食管鳞癌细胞迁移、侵袭,并且该抑制作用可能通过miR-203靶向抑制LASP1介导,为食管鳞癌临床诊断和靶向治疗提供了理论依据。     

Focal adhesion kinase regulates syndecan-2-mediated tumorigenic activity of HT1080 fibrosarcoma cells

Expression of syndecan-2, a transmembrane heparan sulfate proteoglycan, is crucial for the tumorigenic activity in colon carcinoma cells. However, despite the high-level expression of syndecan-2 in mesenchymal cells, few studies have addressed the function of syndecan-2 in sarcoma cells. In HT1080 fibrosarcoma cells, we found that syndecan-2 regulated migration, invasion into Matrigel, and anchorage-independent growth but not cell-extracellular matrix adhesion or proliferation, suggesting that syndecan-2 plays different functional roles in fibrosarcoma and colon carcinoma cells. Consistent with the increased cell migration/invasion of syndecan-2-overexpressing HT1080 cells, syndecan-2 overexpression increased phosphorylation and interaction of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), membrane localization of T-lymphoma invasion and metastasis gene-1 (Tiam-1), and activation of Rac. Syndecan-2-mediated cell migration/invasion of HT1080 cells was diminished when (a) cells were cotransfected with nonphosphorylatable mutant FAK Y397F or with other FAK mutants lacking PI3K interactions, (b) cells were treated with a specific PI3K inhibitor, or (c) levels of Tiam-1 were knocked down with small interfering RNAs. Furthermore, expression of several FAK mutants inhibited syndecan-2-mediated enhancement of anchorage-independent growth in HT1080 cells. Taken together, these data suggest that syndecan-2 regulates the tumorigenic activities of HT1080 fibrosarcoma cells and that FAK is a key regulator of syndecan-2-mediated tumorigenic activities.     

Radiation induced MMP expression from rectal cancer is short lived but contributes to in vitro invasion.

AIMS: Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity is increased after radiation. The aims of this study were to assess the time course of this increase and its effects on malignant cell invasion. METHODS: Colorectal cancer (HCT 116, LoVo, C 170 HM 2, CaCO-2), fibroblast (46-BR.IGI, CCD-18 Co) and fibrosarcoma (HT1080) cell lines were irradiated at 4 gray (4 Gy) and matrix metalloproteinase gene and protein expression examined over a 96 h period by real time polymerase chain reaction and gelatin zymography. Invasion was assessed on Matrigel. Human rectal tumour MMP expression was compared before and after long course radiotherapy. RESULTS: Radiation increased MMP gene expression of tumour cell lines, and resulted in increased MMP protein activity in the HT1080 line. HT1080 and HCT 116 in monoculture and LoVo in co-culture were more invasive after radiation at 48 h in vitro, but long course radiotherapy did not result in a consistent increase in MMP expression from human rectal tumour biopsies. CONCLUSIONS: Radiation results in increased MMP expression for a limited time period. This results in an early increase in cell line invasion. Further clinical research is required to clarify if MMP inhibition given perioperatively following radiotherapy decreases local recurrence rates.     

ECRG2 regulates ECM degradation and uPAR/FPRL1 pathway contributing cell invasion/migration

ECRG2 is a novel tumor suppressor gene that shows sequence similarity to KAZAL-type serine protease inhibitor. We have previously demonstrated ECRG2 inhibits migration/invasion of lung cancer PG cells. However, the mechanism by which ECRG2 performs these activities remains unknown. In this study, we found that ECRG2 inhibits proteolysis activity of uPA/plasmin and MMP2, and substantially reduces the ability of HT1080 and HCT-116 cells to invade ECM. Moreover, we demonstrated ECRG2 prevents the cleavage of uPAR, disrupts the association of sD2D3 with FPRL1, and that disruption impairs FPRL1 function. Conversely, depletion of ECRG2 not only markedly increased proteolysis activity of uPA/plasmin and MMP2 but also enhanced the association of uPAR with FPRL1, stimulated cell migration/invasion. Together, our results provide evidence that ECRG2 regulates invasion/migration partly through ECM degradation and uPA/uPAR/FPRL1 pathway, and may represent a novel therapeutic target for cancer.     

RNA干扰c-Met基因表达对非小细胞肺癌侵袭和迁移及顺铂敏感性的影响

[目的]研究c-Met基因干扰后对肺癌细胞株95D侵袭、迁移能力和化疗药物敏感性的影响。[方法]分别采用免疫组化SP法和WesternBlot技术检测肺癌组织及不同肺癌细胞株中Met蛋白的表达情况。将c-MetshRNA质粒转染人肺癌细胞株95D．通过WestemBlot检测转染效率;Transwell小室和划痕愈合实验测定细胞体外侵袭和迁移能力：四甲基偶氮唑法（Mar法）检测细胞的增殖情况及顺铂敏感性。[结果]Met蛋白在NSCLC组织中的表达明显高于癌旁正常组织,同时高侵袭性的肺癌细胞株（95D、801D）中Met蛋白的表达也较高。c-Met基因干扰能明显降低95D细胞的侵袭和迁移能力,并显著提高其对顺铂的敏感性。[结论]c-Met基因可作为一个重要的靶点应用于非小细胞肺癌治疗。     

Genistein抑制HT1080人纤维肉瘤细胞的体外侵袭作用

目的 观察ｇｅｎｉｓｔｅｉｎ对恶性肿瘤细胞侵袭及侵袭相关性质的影响,探讨蛋白酪氨酸激酶抑制剂用于肿瘤转移治疗的可能性。方法 ＨＴ１０８０细胞经２０μｍｏｌ／Ｌ或４０μｍｏｌ／Ｌ Ｇｅｎｉｓｔｅｉｎ处理３天后,分别用重建基底膜侵袭模型、粘附基质分析、Ｔｒａｎｓｗｅｌｌ小室趋化运动模型以及Ｎｏｒｔｈｅｒｎ ｂｌｏｔ分析来研究药物处理后细胞侵袭、粘附、运动以及基质蛋白酶基因表达的改变。结果 经ｇｅｎｉｓ     

N-ras dependent revertant phenotype in human HT1080 fibrosarcoma cells is associated with loss of proliferation within normal tissues and expression of an adult membrane antigenic phenotype

To investigate how the activated N-ras oncogene contributes to the tumorigenic potential of malignant human fibrosarcoma HT1080 cells we analysed the behavior of the parental cell line and of two flat revertants (1c and 10a) in an organ culture assay for invasion. In this assay the two revertants retain the ability of HT1080 cells to migrate within the chick cardiac muscle but lose the capacity to proliferate and to replace the normal tissue. Moreover the reversion of tumorigenic potential is associated with an evolution from an oncofoetal membrane antigenic pattern towards expression of a normal adult phenotype. Both the 4F2 antigen, which is implicated in the control of HT1080 cell proliferation, and heterodimers of the two chains (alpha and beta) of the IL2 receptor (IL2-R) are expressed in embryonic and HT1080 cells, but not in normal adult fibroblasts or in the revertant cell lines. For the first time in a non-lymphoid environment, we have detected a complex between the two IL2-R chains, together with a new species of mRNA (2.8 kB) from the IL2-R alpha gene. The behavior of these membrane markers strengthens the hypothesis that HT1080 cells may represent a block in the differentiation pathway of fibroblastic cells.     

Low molecular weight heparin suppresses receptor for advanced glycation end products‐mediated expression of malignant phenotype in human fibrosarcoma cells

The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is a pattern‐recognition receptor and its engagement by ligands such as high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is implicated in tumor growth and metastasis. Low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) has an antagonistic effect on the RAGE axis and is also reported to exert an antitumor effect beyond the known activity of anticoagulation. However, the link between the anti‐RAGE and antitumor activities of LMWH has not yet to be fully elucidated. In this study, we investigated whether LMWH could inhibit tumor cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis by blocking the RAGE axis using in vitro and in vivo assay systems. Stably transformed HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cell lines were obtained, including human full‐length RAGE‐overexpressing (HT1080^RAGE), RAGE dominant‐negative, intracellular tail‐deleted RAGE‐overexpressing (HT1080^dnRAGE), and mock‐transfected control (HT1080^mock) cells. Confocal microscopy showed the expression of HMGB1 and RAGE in HT1080 cells. The LMWH significantly inhibited HMGB1‐induced NFκB activation through RAGE using an NFκB‐dependent luciferase reporter assay and the HT1080 cell lines. Overexpression of RAGE significantly accelerated, but dnRAGE expression attenuated HT1080 cell proliferation and invasion in vitro, along with similar effects on local tumor mass growth and lung metastasis in vivo. Treatment with LMWH significantly inhibited the migration, invasion, tumor formation, and lung metastasis of HT1080^RAGE cells, but not of HT1080^mock or HT1080^dnRAGE cells. In conclusion, this study revealed that RAGE exacerbated the malignant phenotype of human fibrosarcoma cells, and that this exacerbation could be ameliorated by LMWH. It is suggested that LMWH has therapeutic potential in patients with certain types of malignant tumors.     

Positive regulation of migration and invasion by vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein via Rac1 pathway in human breast cancer cells

This study aimed to investigate the role of the cytoskeleton-associated protein vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP) on the migration and invasion of human breast cancer cells and its relationship to Rac1 which is a member of the Rho family and has been found to be implicated in tumorigenesis, invasion and metastasis. We detected the mRNA and protein expression levels of VASP and Rac1 of the non-invasive breast cancer cell line MCF-7 as well as the invasive cell line MDA-MB-231 by RT-PCR and Western blotting. GST pull-down assay was used to examine the activitiy of Rac1. Accordingly, the cell invasive migration ability was analyzed in a wound-healing assay (2D) and transwell assays (3D migration and invasion). We then used VASP-siRNA to inhibit the expression of VASP in breast cancer cells in order to study the relationship between the VASP expression level and the invasive migration ability of breast cancer cells. Rac1-siRNA was used to decrease the expression of Rac1, and observe its effect on the VASP expression level together with the migration and invasion ability of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. Our results revealed that the invasive breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 showed a higher Rac1 activity and VASP expression level compared with the non-invasive MCF-7. Inhibition of Rac1 or VASP by siRNA, respectively, decreased the migration and invasion ability of breast cancer cells and the transfection of Rac1 siRNA-mediated reduction of VASP expression at mRNA and protein levels. Collectively, our data showed that the higher expression level of VASP contributed to a higher invasive migration capacity of human breast cancer cells which was controlled by the Rac1 pathway.