背景光强度与视网膜电图振荡电位

目的:定量分析不同强度背景光照明下,视网膜电图(electroretinogram,ERG)振荡电位(oscillatory potentials,OPs)各子波的变化,探讨背景光照明对振荡电位子波的影响.方法:记录出生25～29天Albino鼠暗视及四个不同强度背景光("弱"、"次弱"、"次强"、"强")照明下全视野ERG a波,b波和振荡电位.刺激闪光和背景照明光源均为白炽灯.刺激闪光强度1.43×102cd/m2,闪光时程75ms,闪光间隔时间1分钟;背景照明光强度1.43×10-6～1.43×100cd/m2,以二个对数单位分级.结果:振荡电位各子波在不同强度背景光照明下反应不同,"弱"背景光照明下,O1和O2振幅增高;O1振幅在"次弱"背景光照明时增高更明显;在"次强"背景光照明下,O1和O2消失,O3、O4和O5,均显著增高;当采用"强"背景光照明时,所记录的O3和O4振幅显著下降,O5振幅无变化.同时记录的ERG a波和b波在"次强"和"强"背景光照明下振幅显著降低.除O2峰时在"次弱"照明时显著延长外,其余子波在二个弱背景光照明下峰时无变化;但在二个强背景光照明下,O3、O4和O5峰时均明显缩短.结论:Albino鼠眼振荡电位各子波在不同强度背景光照明下的不同反应提示它们在视网膜的起源不同.弱背景光照明下短峰时子波活跃而强背景光照明时长峰时子波活跃,提示短峰时子波可能与暗视系统相关而长峰时子波则与明视系统相关.     

背景光强度与视网膜电图振荡电位

目的：定量分析不同强度背景光照明下，视网膜电图(electroretingogram，ERG)振荡电位(oscillatory potemtials，OPs)各子波的变化，探讨背景光照明对振荡电位子波的影响。方法：记录出生25-29天Albino鼠暗视及四个不同强度背景光(“弱”、“次弱”、“次强”、“强”)照明下全视野ERGa波，b波和振荡电位。刺激闪光和背景照明光源均为白炽灯。刺激闪光强度1．43×10^2cd/m^2，闪光时程75ms，闪光间隔时间1分钟；背景照明光强度1．43×l0^-6-1．43×l0^0cd／m^2，以二个对数单位分级。结果：振荡电位各子波在不同强度背景光照明下反应不同，“弱”背景光照明下，O1和O2振幅增高；O1振幅在“次弱”背景光照明时增高更明显；在“次强”背景光照明下，O1和02消失，O3、O4和O5，均显著增高；当采用“强”背景光照明时，所记录的O3和O4振幅显著下降，O5振幅无变化。同时记录的ERGa波和b波在“次强”和“强”背景光照明下振幅显著降低。除O2峰时在“次弱”照明时显著延长外，其余子波在二个弱背景光照明下峰时无变化；但在二个强背景光照明下，O3、O4和O5峰时均明显缩短。结论：Albino鼠眼振荡电位各子波在不同强度背景光照明下的不同反应提示它们在视网膜的起源不同。弱背景光照明下短峰时子波活跃而强背景光照明时长峰时子波活跃，提示短峰时子波可能与暗视系统相关而长峰时子波则与明视系统相关。     

视网膜电图在视网膜分支静脉阻塞分型中的应用价值

目的探讨根据视网膜电图(electroretinogram，ERG)对视网膜分支静脉阻塞(branch retinal vein occlusion，BRVO)分型的可能性。方法根据眼底荧光血管造影(fundus fluorescein angiography，FFA)将BRVO分为缺血型及非缺血型，同时行ERG检查，测a、b波振幅、峰潜时及b/a波振幅比值和振荡电位：OP₁、OP₂、OP₃、OP₄振幅、峰潜时及OP₁+OP₂+OP₃+OP₄的振幅之和OPs波的振幅。结果BRVO缺血型组b波及OPs振幅明显下降，缺血组与非缺血型组之间有显著差异。结论ERGb波及OPs振幅下降可作为缺血型的一项参考指标。(中华眼底病杂志,1998,14:10-11)     

闪光间隔对视网膜电图振荡电位总振幅影响的观察

视网膜电图振荡电位(OPs)是国际临床视觉电生理会在1989年推荐的视网膜电图(ERG)标准方案中五个标准反应之一.以往由于记录条件和方法的不同,使许多报导的结果差别很大.为了验证标准规定的合理性和可行性,作者等研究了不同闪光间隔对OPs总振幅的影响.结果表明以闪光间隔15秒记录的OPs,其振幅最大,证明了标准推荐的闪光间隔在临床ERG法中可记录到振幅最大的OPs.     

黄斑号方对兔眼视网膜电流图的实验研究

目的　观察中药黄斑 号方对正常家兔视网膜电流图 (ERG)的影响特征 ,以参考临床用药评估。方法　对 10只正常家兔经口灌饲黄斑 号方 ,并于给药前及给药后 3、7、14天检测 ERG。结果　暗视反应 ERG的 a、b波振幅在给药后均有所增加 ,尤以 b波明显 ,二者潜伏期则无变化。振荡电位 (OPs)的总振幅 ( OPs)没有显著变化 ,但第二个子波 (OP2 )振幅增加明显 ,于给药后第 7、14天 (7天 :5 2 .5 5± 2 8.96 μv,14天 :5 4.5 3± 19.2 7μv)明显高于给药前 (36 .33± 13.99μv) ,(P<0 .0 1) ,且各子波潜伏期缩短。结论　黄斑 号方对兔视网膜电流图有一定的影响 ,能明显改善并提高视网膜功能     

轻中度远视性弱视儿童视网膜明视负波研究

目的研究轻中度远视性弱视儿童在不同颜色和强度的背景光和刺激光下视网膜神经节细胞明视负波(Photopic negative response,PhNR)的反应。方法对32例(41只眼)远视性弱视儿童和18例(18只眼)正常儿童进行视网膜PhNR检查,记录PhNR的振幅和潜伏期,分析比较不同程度远视性弱视儿童PhNR的特征。结果在亮度为20cd/m2蓝色背景光,1cd.s/m2红色光线刺激下,三组PhNR振幅有差别,P<0.05;在亮度为40cd/m2蓝色背景光,3cd.s/m2及7cd.s/m2红色光线刺激下,在亮度为30cd/m2白色背景光,3cd.s/m2及7cd.s/m2红色光线刺激下,中度弱视组PhNR振幅较轻度弱视组高,P<0.05;其余刺激条件下,三组PhNR振幅差别无统计学意义,P>0.05。各组光线刺激条件下,轻度、中度弱视组和对照组PhNR潜伏期均无差别,P>0.05。结论中度远视性弱视儿童视网膜神经节细胞对特定强度和颜色的刺激光敏感,PhNR振幅增高明显,而潜伏期正常。     

多焦视网膜电图评价视网膜脱离的视网膜功能

目的 探讨多焦视网膜电图(multifocal electroretinography, MERG)对视网膜脱离(retina detachment, RD)的视功能客观评价意义。 方法 应用VERIS 4.0视诱发反应图像系统检测21例RD患者的22只患眼和36例正常人的42只眼的MERG。测试野的水平视角为±26.6°,垂直视角为±22.1°,采用Burian-Allen接触镜电极,在8 min(分16段)记录103个视网膜部位的反应。 结果RD眼于4个象限、黄斑区和黄斑外区MERG a波、b波潜伏期及b波振幅密度、振幅之和均明显低于正常对照组(P<0.01);脱离区、非脱离区和正常眼的 MERG b波振幅密度分别为(3.44±2.85)、(6.34±3.31)、(21.32±6.48)nV/deg²,三者之间的差异均有非常显著性意义(P<0.05)。 结论 多焦ERG能客观定量评价RD的黄斑部、后极部的脱离区和非脱离区的视功能。(中华眼底病杂志,2000,16:244-247)     

遗传性视网膜劈裂症的多焦视网膜电图改变

目的应用多焦视网膜电图对正常对照 眼和视网膜劈裂眼进行检测并比较两者之间的差异。 方法用VERIS Science^TM 4.0视诱发反应图像系统对19例(21只眼)正常对照者和8例 (15只眼)视网膜劈裂者进行检测,并用全视野视网膜电图 (electroretinogram,ER G) 对其中3例 (6只眼) 视网膜劈裂者进行检测。结果正常对照组和视网膜劈裂组6个环形视网膜区域平均反应密度值或潜伏期比较均显示差异有非常显著性的意义,视网膜劈裂患者多焦ERG三维图皆表现为多处局部性振幅降低,中央高峰反应消失或降低,其6个环形视网膜区域反应密度值的P₁/N₁波比值不同于全视野ERG的b/a波比值。 结论多焦ERG和全视野ERG对视网膜劈裂的诊断各有其优点。(中华眼底病杂志,2001,17:268-270)     

黄斑病变的M-ERG初步观察

目的 :应用多焦视网膜电图 (M ERG)观察视网膜功能。方法 :对 16例 (16眼 )经眼底荧光素造影证实的单眼黄斑区病变 (中浆、老年性黄斑病变、外伤性黄斑出血等 )者分别应用二进制短M序列记录多焦视网膜电图 (RETIscanMultifocalERG ,M ERG)及按ISCEV标准记录全视野闪光视网膜电图(GanzfeldF ERG) ,分析患眼与对侧眼的M ERG一阶kernel反应 (FOK )、F ERG混合最大反应 (MCR) ,评价其视网膜功能。结果 :16例黄斑区病变眼的M ERG中心 1环P1波振幅密度值较对侧 (正常 )眼明显降低 (P <0 0 1)、峰潜时缩短 (0 0 10 0 5 ) ;而F ERGa、b波振幅、峰潜时与对侧正常眼比较差别无统计学意义 (P >0 0 5 ) ;正常眼M ERG中心 1环的P1波振幅密度值最大、峰潜时最长。结论 :黄斑区病变可使M ERG中心 1环 (黄斑中心凹周围 0～ 5°区域 )的一阶kernel反应振幅降低、峰潜时缩短 ;短M序列记录时程短、采样少 ,可能更适合固视力差或检查欠合作者 ;M ERG通过不同的kernel反应可反映视网膜外层 (感光细胞层 )和内层 (神经节细胞等 )的功能 ,对评价后极部尤其是黄斑区视网膜功能有独特作用 ,其优越性大于全视野ERG。     

高血糖对实验性糖尿病大鼠视网膜电图的影响

目的观察糖尿病大鼠ERG和OPs的变化情况,探讨糖尿病对大鼠FERG和OPs的影响。方法将100只大鼠分为正常组10只和糖尿病组90只。糖尿病组用STZ造模,6个月后将符合条件的大鼠纳入观察组。检测6、9个月时大鼠ERG和OPs的表现。结果糖尿病大鼠视网膜电图a波、b波、OPs振幅有下降趋势,峰潜时延长,与对照组大鼠相比有差异(P<0.01);9个月时糖尿病大鼠a波、b波、OPs振幅降低,峰潜时延迟,与6个月时比较有显著差异(P<0.01或0.05)。结论高血糖可使糖尿病大鼠ERG和OPs振幅下降,峰潜时延长;且随病程的延长其影响逐渐增强。     

Background light adaptation of the retinal neuronal adaptive system

The behaviour of the neuronal adaptive retinal mechanisms to environmental light exposures was studied by measuring the oscillatory potentials (OPs) of the electroretinogram. Dark adapted rats were exposed to four levels of background light (BG), starting at a 'low scotopic' level of 1.43x 10(6) cd/m2, increased by steps of two log units, through 'high scotopic' -, 'low mesopic' - and finally the 'high mesopic' BG of 1.43x 10(0) cd/m2. The summed oscillatory response significantly increased as the BG intensity was raised, except at the 'high mesopic' level. The amplitudes of the a- and b-waves reduced as the BG light increased above the 'high scotopic' level. Each OP responded individually to the different BGs. O1 and O2, significantly enhanced at the 'low scotopic' BG. The amplitudes of the three later OPs increased significantly at the 'low mesopic' BG. The adaptational behaviour of the retinal oscillatory response to BG illumination was different to that of the a- and b- waves. The results indicate that the adaptational neuronal system, as reflected by the OPs, seems to be relatively robust and is separate from the slower photochemical adaptive process in the distal retina. The tentative corollary suggests the oscillatory system to play a vision-preserving role, possibly as an alert against undue depletion of the slowly regenerating visual pigment. The enhancement of the oscillatory response at the 'mesopic' illumination levels indicate both scotopic and photopic processes to contribute to neuronal adaptive activity of the retina.     

The postnatal development of the oscillatory potentials of the electroretinogram. I. Basic characteristics

The postnatal development of the oscillatory potentials (OPs) of the rat electroretinogram (ERG) was studied. The appearance and/or completion of the development of the individual oscillatory peaks differed from that of the a- and b-waves as well as from each other. The OPs appeared postnatally one to two days later than the a- and b-waves, respectively. The first oscillatory peak, O1, was present before the second, O2, which appeared before the later wavelets, O3, O4 and O5. The pattern of maturation of the oscillatory peaks in relatively more scotopic conditions differed from that in relatively more photopic ones. The summed amplitudes of the OPs attained adult size earlier (about two weeks) during relatively more scotopic conditions. The peak time of each oscillation gradually decreased with age. These findings show that the origin of the OPs is different from that of the a- and b-waves of the ERG and strongly indicate different origins of the earlier OPs from the later ones. Thirdly, the scotopic mechanism underlying the OPs seems to mature faster than the photopic system involved in the generation of the OPs.     

Effect of spatial frequency of stimulus on focal macular ERGs in monkeys

Purpose To determine the effect of the spatial frequency of a small grating stimulus centered on the macula on the focal macular ERGs (fmacERGs) of monkeys.Methods fmacERGs were recorded from eight eyes of four adult monkeys (Macaca fuscata). The spatial frequency of the stimulus was changed from 0.25 to 8 cycles/degree. The luminance of the light bars was 10 cd/m², and the contrast was 95%. The stimulus was flashed on and off with an on duration of 100 ms and an off duration of 150 ms (4 Hz). The stimulus was centered on the fovea and subtended 12.7° at the cornea. The luminance of the steady light-adapting background was 3.5 cd/m². The location of the stimulus on the retina was monitored throughout the recordings. The effects of the spatial frequency of the stimulus on the amplitudes and implicit times of the a-waves, b-waves, and oscillatory potentials (OPs) were determined. fmacERGs were also recorded following intravitreal tetrodotoxin (TTX).Results The amplitudes of the a- and b-waves did not change with changes in the spatial frequency of the stimulus. The OPs, on the other hand, responded best to the lowest spatial frequency, and the OPs after the first two were attenuated at intermediate and higher frequencies (Wilcoxon signed-rank test: P < 0.05). TTX reduced all OP wavelets in monkeys.Conclusions The OPs of the photopic macular ERGs are affected by the spatial frequency of the stimulus and are reduced by TTX, consistent with their being generated by inner retinal neurons.     

Evaluation of the Night Vision Spectacles on patients with impaired night vision

· Background: The Night Vision Spectacles (NiViS) were developed by a consortium of European companies to assist individuals who suffer from impaired night vision. They consist of a head-mounted video camera (input) and binocular displays (output) connected to a portable computer processor, which uses an algorithm to enhance the luminance and contrast of the video image. · Methods: Eighteen patients with impaired night vision were tested, including those with retinitis pigmentosa (7), Usher syndrome (2), fundus albipunctatus (1) and complete (4) and incomplete (4) congenital stationary night blindness. Normal trichromats (3) and typical, complete achromats (2) acted as controls. A battery of tests assessed: visual acuity at 5 m (projection unit) and 1 m (chart) and at high and low contrasts; contrast sensitivity; absolute and increment threshold; the influence of glare; contrast motion detection; and hand-eye performance. The tests were performed, with and without the NiViS, at three adaptation levels: low scotopic (10^–3 cd/m²), high scotopic (10^–2 cd/m²) and mesopic (10^–1 cd/m²). · Results: At the low and high scotopic levels, the majority of patients showed improved performance on the visual acuity, contrast sensitivity and motion contrast tests with the NiViS. At the mesopic level, the advantage with the NiViS was greatly reduced, but still present for contrast sensitivity. · Conclusion: Patients with impaired night vision can benefit from the NiViS when performing tasks involving contrast and motion perception. Those with normal visual fields and retaining good photopic vision will benefit more than those with constricted visual fields and impaired cone vision. Recommendations regarding desirable improvements of the NiViS and suitability for the individual patient are given. Received: 31 March 1998 Revised version received: 8 June 1998 Accepted: 9 June 1998     

mGluR5对大鼠视网膜对光反应的调控

目的探索代谢型谷氨酸受体5（mGluR5）对大鼠暗适应视网膜电图（ERG）不同成分的贡献。方法实验研究。出生后30日龄大鼠（RCS-rdy+-p+）12只,暗适应大于12 h后,分别行视网膜下腔注射mGluR5激动剂CHPG[（R,S）-2-chloro-5-hydroxyphenylglycine] 200 µmol（6只,CHPG组）和抑制剂MPEP[2-methyl-6-（phenylethynyl）-pyridine] 200 µmol（6只,MPEP组）,对侧眼注射同等体积PBS作为对照。注射后2 d采用RETI-scan系统记录其系列刺激光强度下（-4.5、-2.5、-0.5、-0.02、0.5 1 logcd×m×s-2）的暗适应ERG。导出数据,采用配对t检验进行双眼间数据比较。结果CHPG组,a、b波幅值在不同光强下均显著降低（除最低光强）（-4.5＜t＜-2.3,P＜0.05）,进一步分析得出a、b波最大幅值（Rmax和Vmax）均明显降低（-4.5＜t＜-2.3,P＜0.05）,但其敏感度均未出现明显变化,且b/a未见明显变化。MPEP组,a、b波幅值在不同光强下均显著升高（除最低光强）（-3＜t＜-2,P＜0.05）,进一步分析得出a、b波Rmax和Vmax均明显升高（-3＜t＜-2,P＜0.05）,但其敏感度均未出现明显变化,且b/a未见明显变化。2组的振荡电位（OPs）与相应的对照眼比较未见明显差别。结论mGluR5激动后,ERG a、b波幅值明显降低,mGluR5主要调控外层视网膜的对光反应。     

Contribution of N-methyl-dl-aspartic acid (NMDA)-sensitive neurons to generating oscillatory potentials in Royal College of Surgeons rats

Purpose

We investigated how the N-methyl-dl-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptor contributes to generating oscillatory potentials (OPs) of the electroretinogram (ERG) in the Royal College of Surgeons (RCS) rat.

Methods

Scotopic ERGs were recorded from dystrophic and wild-type congenic (WT) RCS rats (n = 20 of each) at 25, 30, 35, and 40 days of age. The stimulus intensity was increased from ?2.82 to 0.71 log cd-s/m² to obtain intensity-response function. NMDA was injected into the vitreous cavity of the right eyes. The left eyes were injected with saline as controls. The P3 obtained by a-wave fitting was digitally subtracted from the scotopic ERG to isolate the P2. For the OPs, the P2 was digitally filtered between 65 and 500 Hz. The amplitudes of OP1, OP2, OP3, and OP4 were then measured and summed and designated as ΣOPs. The implicit times of OP1, OP2, and OP3 were also measured. The frequency spectra of the OPs were analyzed using fast Fourier transform (FFT).

Results

The maximum ERG a- and b-waves as well as ΣOPs amplitudes reduced with age in dystrophic rats. Compared with intravitreal saline injection, administration of NMDA decreased ΣOPs amplitudes from 30 days of age in dystrophic rats, while it did not attenuate ΣOPs amplitudes in WT rats. The implicit times of the OPs of the maximum ERG were prolonged by NMDA injections in WT and dystrophic rats. NMDA/saline ratios of ΣOPs amplitudes area under the FFT curves were significantly lower in dystrophic rats from 30 days of age than that in WT rats.

Conclusion

In the early stage of photoreceptor degeneration, intravitreal NMDA injection attenuated OPs amplitudes in dystrophic rats. This indicates that NMDA receptors play a significant role in generating OPs amplitudes with advancing photoreceptor degeneration.     

Contribution of retinal ganglion cells to the mouse electroretinogram

Purpose

To quantify the direct contribution of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) on individual components of the mouse electroretinogram (ERG).

Methods

Dark- and light-adapted ERGs from mice 8 to 12 weeks after optic nerve transection (ONTx, n = 14) were analyzed through stimulus response curves for a- and b-waves, oscillatory potentials (OPs), positive and negative scotopic threshold response (p/n STR), and the photopic negative response (PhNR) and compared with unoperated and sham-operated controls, as well as to eyes treated with 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dion (CNQX).

Results

We confirmed in mice that CNQX intravitreal injection reduced the scotopic a-wave amplitude at high flash strength, confirming a post-receptoral contribution to the a-wave. We found that ONTx, which is more specific to RGCs, did not affect the a-wave amplitude and implicit time in either photopic or scotopic conditions while the b-wave was reduced. Both the pSTR and nSTR components were reduced in amplitude, with the balance between the two components resulting in a shortening of the nSTR peak implicit time. On the other hand, amplitude of the PhNR was increased while the OPs were minimally affected.

Conclusion

With an intact a-wave demonstrated following ONTx, we find that the most robust indicators of RGC function in the mouse full-field ERG were the STR components.     

Spatial properties of the oscillatory potentials of the frog electroretinogram in relation to state of adaptation

The spatial characteristics of the oscillatory potentials (OPs) and the a- and b-waves of the frog electroretinogram (ERG) were studied during different states of adaptation induced by repetitive light stimulus given at 1 min or 15 sec interval. The spatial integration area of the OPs was found to be reduced during relatively more light-adapted conditions compared to relatively more dark-adapted ones. No major adaptive effect on the spatial summation area of the a- and b-waves observed. The results indicate that the spatial changes of the OPs observed may be signalled by the amacrine cells which would thus be indirectly involved in the generation of the OPs. The spatial properties of the OPs differed from that of the a- and b-waves suggesting that the OPs have a different origin to that of the a- and b-waves. Finally, the present data indicate a clear and sensitive spatial organization in the frog ERG.     

Oscillatory potentials in the retina: what do they reveal

This chapter is an overview of current knowledge on the oscillatory potentials (OPs) of the retina. The first section describes the characteristics of the OPs. The basic, adaptational, pharmacological and developmental characteristics of the OPs are different from the a- and b-waves, the major components of the electroretinogram (ERG). The OPs are most easily recorded in mesopic adaptational conditions and reflect rapid changes of adaptation. They represent photopic and scotopic processes, probably an interaction between cone and rod activity in the retina. The OPs are sensitive to disruption of inhibitory (dopamine, GABA-, and glycine-mediated) neuronal pathways and are not selectively affected by excitatory amino acids. The earlier OPs are associated with the on-components and the late OPs with the off-components in response to a brief stimulus of light. The postnatal appearance of the first oscillatory activity is preceded by the a- and b-waves. The earlier OPs appear postnatally prior to, and mature differently from, the later ones.

The second section deals with present views on the origin of the OPs. These views are developed from experimental studies with the vertebrate retina including the primate retina and clinical studies. Findings favor the conclusion that the OPs reflect neuronal synaptic activity in inhibitory feedback pathways initiated by the amacrines in the inner retina. The bipolar (or the interplexiform) cells are the probable generators of the OPs. Dopaminergic neurons, probably amacrines (or interplexiform cells), are involved in the generation of the OPs. The earlier OPs are generated in neurons related to the on-pathway of the retina and the later ones to the off-channel system. Peptidergic neurons may be indirectly involved as modulators. The individual OPs seem to represent the activation of several retinal generators. The earlier OPs are more dependent on an intact rod function and the later ones on an intact cone system. Thus, the OPs are good indicators of neuronal adaptive mechanisms in the retina and are probably the only post-synaptic neuronal components that can be recorded in the ERG except when structured stimuli are used.

The last section describes the usefulness of the oscillatory response as an instrument to study the postnatal development of neuronal adaptation of the retina. In this section clinical examples of the sensitivity of the OPs for revealing early disturbance in neuronal function in different retinal diseases such as pediatric, vascular and degenerative retinopathies are also given.     

不同光照条件下近视患者Kappa角的特征及变化规律

目的 观察预行飞秒激光原位角磨镶术(FS-LASIK)的近视患者在不同光照条件下Kappa角的特征及其变化规律。方法 采用自身前后对照试验。选取2021年6月至8月在江西省人民医院近视矫正中心预行FS-LASIK的近视患者104例(208眼)。用Sirius三维角膜地形图分别测量患者双眼在明视、黄昏视和暗视条件下的瞳孔直径和瞳孔中心偏移量。并将瞳孔中心偏移量在直角坐标系中转换为Kappa角水平分量和Kappa角垂直分量,并分析其变化规律。分析患者双眼瞳孔直径和Kappa角之间的关系。结果 患者右眼Kappa水平分量在明视、黄昏视和暗视条件下分别为(0.00±0.13)mm、(-0.06±0.13)mm、(-0.12±0.13)mm,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);患者左眼Kappa角水平分量在明视、黄昏视和暗视条件下分别为(-0.04±0.14)mm、(0.02±0.13)mm、(0.08±0.13)mm,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。患者双眼瞳孔直径在不同光照条件下差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.001)。两两比较结果显示,患者双眼瞳孔直径和Kappa角水平...