手法复位结合稳定型咬合板治疗急性颞下颌关节盘不可复性前移位的疗效观察

目的 探讨对急性颞下颌关节盘不可复性前移位保守治疗的认识及治疗策略的选择.方法 总结2018年5月—2020年5月本院颞下颌关节专科门诊诊治的20例急性颞下颌关节盘不可复性前移位患者,行手法复位结合稳定型咬合板治疗,3个月后对所有患者的关节盘复位情况和最大主动张口度进行评价,采用SPSS 24.0对数据进行检验分析.结果 20例患者最大主动张口度明显改善,由治疗前的(27.15±5.91)mm增加到(41.35±4.82)mm;20例患者在治疗结束后复查MRI显示关节盘复位13例(占65％),仍然不可复性盘前移位7例(35％).治疗3个月后最大主动张口度以及关节盘复位情况的比较,差异有统计学意义.结论 手法复位结合稳定型咬合板治疗急性颞下颌关节盘不可复性前移位可以有效恢复患者张口度,改善关节功能以及对于恢复盘-髁关系有较明显的效果.     

张口位MRI动态研究在诊断颞下颌关节盘前移位中的应用

目的：探讨颞下颌关节张口位磁共振动态成像在颞下颌关节盘前移位中的诊断价值。方法：对30例有颞下颌关节疼痛或弹响MRI患者60侧颞下颌关节行常规MRI静态扫描,并用快速自旋回波扫描获得开口度为0．5cm的图像,依次进行到患者达到最大开口位。然后采用模拟动态观察。分别由两名专科医师对动态扫描和常规静态扫描时关节盘移位进行诊断,并比较诊断结果。结果：静态MRI检查中关节盘可复性前移位21侧,关节盘不可复性前移位18侧,关节盘侧向移位2例,位置正常19例。动态MRI检查中关节盘可复性前移位23侧,关节盘不可复性前移位19侧,位置正常18例。结论：张口位动态MRI联合静态MRI观察对髁突、关节盘运动功能的评价非常重要,对区别可复性与不可复性关节盘前移位具有重要作用。     

再定位咬合板治疗颞下颌关节盘可复性前移位疗效观察

目的评价再定位咬合板治疗颞下颌关节盘可复性前移位的临床疗效。方法选择28名颞下颌关节盘可复性前移位患者。患者戴用再定位咬合板治疗后3个月、6个月、1年、2年复诊,行关节常规检查并拍x线片,评价治疗效果。结果经过再定位咬合板治疗,18名弹响患者中13名（72．22％）弹响完全消失,10名疼痛患者中8名（80．00％）疼痛消失,14名下颌运动异常患者中10名（71．43％）转为正常。26名患者认为治疗有效（92．86％）。结论再定位咬合板对治疗颞下颌关节盘前移位具有较好的疗效。     

前伸咬合对可复性关节盘移位患者关节振动的作用

目的:研究前伸咬合对可复性关节盘移位患者颞下颌关节振动的影响。方法:30例可复性关节盘前移位者分别作正常开闭口运动(正中颌位开始的最大开闭口运动)以及前伸开闭口运动(下颌前伸至切对切开始的最大开闭口运动),运用关节振动分析仪收集2种下颌运动方式下的关节振动信号,结合Joint-3D技术记录并分析开口度、开口型的变化,并对数据结果进行统计分析。结果:前伸开闭口组关节振动的振动总能量TI、频率小于300 Hz的振动能量A、频率大于300 Hz的振动能量B、峰振幅PA明显小于正中颌位最大开闭口运动组(P<0.01)。2种运动产生振动的峰频率PF以及频率大于300 Hz的振动能量与频率小于300 Hz的振动能量之比B/A 没有差异。2种运动方式下,开口度无明显变化,而37.4%的可复性关节盘移位患者前伸开闭口的下颌偏离中线距离比正常开闭口运动小。结论:下颌前伸至切对切可降低可复性关节盘移位患者的颞下颌关节区振动的强度但不改变其频率特性,部分患者可以改善开口型。本研究从定量化的角度为调整下颌前伸的再定位咬合板治疗可复性关节盘移位的可行性及有效性提供了佐证。     

颞下颌关节紊乱病磁共振诊断的研究

目的:研究MRI对颞下颌紊乱病诊断的准确性和可信性.方法:利用MRI对19例单侧关节疼痛颞下颌关节紊乱病(TMD)患者38侧关节完成开闭口斜矢状位T1和T2加权成像,观察盘突关系、盘形态改变及关节腔内积液情况.利用关节镜诊断为金标准判定MRI诊断的准确率.同期行灌洗术治疗,分析治疗前后不同时期患者的疼痛值(疼痛直观模拟标尺VAS)变化.结果:MRI检查结果显示在患侧89.47%(17/19)显示不可复性关节盘移位,10.53%(2/19)显示可复性关节盘移位,47.37%(9/19)关节上腔前隐窝出现积液.在健侧15.79%(3/19)显示可复性关节盘移位,无不可复性关节盘移位和腔内积液出现.通过关节镜手术对患侧进行检查,关节盘移位在MRI片上均得到证实,MRI检查的准确率为100%,灌洗术后疼痛100%有显著缓解(P<0.001).结论:颞下颌关节紊乱病与关节盘移位和腔内积液密切相关,通过MRI检查可以准确有效的对颞下颌紊乱病进行诊断,灌洗术对关节疼痛治疗效果显著.     

颞下颌关节盘前移位的自然转归

关节盘前移位是颞下颌关节疾病中常见的囊内病变,其病因和发病机理目前尚不明确,临床上根据盘移位的性质主要分为可复性和不可复性前移位。其临床表现主要为下颌运动异常、杂音和疼痛。治疗方法多样,包括药物治疗、物理治疗、咬合板治疗和手术治疗等。虽然文献报道各种治疗方法均有较高的成功率,但国内外对关节盘前移位的治疗仍存在较大的争议,其焦点在于是否需进行关节盘的复位。一部分临床医师认为盘移位的治疗应以缓解临床症状为主,     

手法复位配合运动与(牙合)垫治疗急性颞下颌关节盘不可复性前移位的近期疗效评价

目的:探讨手法复位关节盘继以运动与验垫治疗对急性不可复性盘前移位患者的短期疗效;通过MRI评价复位后短期内颞下颌关节盘-髁关系.方法:选取44例患者急性开口受限(病程在2个月以内)且经MRI证实颞下颌关节盘不可复性关节盘前移位的患者(男7侧,女37侧),施予软组织放松技术,随后行手法复位关节盘.复位后指导患者进行为期2周的下颌运动轨迹训练、关节稳定性训练和软管盘复位训练.白天自我维持下颌休息位,夜间配戴硬质热塑再定位(牙合)垫,以保持良好的盘-髁关系.分别在治疗前、后评估患者的最大主动开口度和疼痛视觉类比评分(visual analogue score,VAS)(0～10分),治疗结束后1～3个月内MRI复查盘-髁关系.采用SPSS 17.0软件包对数据进行t检验.结果:经过2周治疗后,患者开口度明显改善,由治疗前的(22.6±6.1) mm增加到(43.9±3.3)mm;疼痛明显缓解,由治疗前的3.6±1.5下降到0.7±0.25.44例患者在治疗结束后平均4.6±4.7周经MRI复查显示,20例(占46％)为正常盘-髁关系;16例(占36％)为可复性关节盘前移位;8例(占18％)仍为不可复性关节盘前移位.结论:关节盘手法复位后继以运动治疗及配戴(牙合)垫.对急性盘前移位患者能够恢复开口度,缓解疼痛,对维持正常盘-髁关系有一定疗效.     

手法复位联合Twin-Block咬合板治疗急性颞下颌关节盘不可复性前移位的临床效果评价

目的探讨手法复位联合Twin-Block咬合板治疗急性颞下颌关节盘不可复性前移位（ADDWoR）的预后及效果。 方法2020年6月至2021年6月,对就诊于广州医科大学附属口腔医院颞下颌关节科的52例急性颞下颌关节ADDWoR患者进行手法复位及佩戴Twin-Block咬合板治疗。记录治疗前及治疗6个月后张口度、疼痛状态视觉模拟评分（VAS）和Fricton指数、影像学检查,使用配对t检验对比治疗前、后的数据评价治疗效果。 结果全部52例患者中有4例治疗失败。48例患者治疗6个月后张口度为（44.1 ± 3.3）mm,与治疗前的（25.2 ± 2.2）mm相比差异具有统计学意义（t = 30.934,P<0.001）;治疗6个月后VAS评分（0.15 ± 0.41）与治疗前（2.02 ± 0.67）差异具有统计学意义（t = 15.931,P<0.001）;治疗后6个月关节功能障碍指数（0.06 ± 0.07）较治疗前（0.37 ± 0.04）有显著降低,差异有统计学意义（t = 36.544,P<0.001）,治疗后6个月颞下颌关节紊乱指数（0.04 ± 0.03）较治疗前（0.21 ± 0.03）降低,差异有统计学意义（t = 31.435,P<0.001）;磁共振成像（MRI）检查结果显示,盘-髁关系恢复正常者5例、可复性前移位27例、ADDWoR不伴张口受限16例。 结论手法复位联合Twin-Blcok咬合板治疗急性颞下颌关节ADDWoR能较好改善患者张口度、缓解疼痛症状和恢复颞下颌关节的功能。     

颞下颌关节盘可复性前移位患者咬合接触特征的研究

目的观察颞下颌关节盘可复性前移位患者的咬合接触特征并比较其与正常人的差异。方法采用T-ScanⅡ咬合分析系统记录30名颞下颌关节盘可复性前移位患者和30名正常人于牙尖交错位和后退接触位时的咬合接触信息并进行统计分析。结果颞下颌关节盘可复性前移位患者在牙尖交错位可出现力中心较大的偏移、两侧接触点不平衡、两侧力不对称、弹响侧接触点数目多于非弹响侧;在后退接触位颞下颌关节盘可复性前移位患者双侧接触点数目有显著差异,单侧接触者显著增多。结论颞下颌关节盘可复性前移位患者咬合接触情况与正常人有显著的差异,提示咬合因素与颞下颌关节盘可复性前移位有密切的关系。     

稳定性(牙合)垫治疗颞下颌关节可复性盘前移位的疗效分析

目的:分析稳定性(牙合)垫治疗颞下颌关节可复性盘前移位的疗效.方法:使用Michigan型稳定性(牙合)垫治疗颞下颌关节盘前移位患者32例,疗程为3个月,采用Fricton指数来评价治疗效果.治疗前后均拍摄许勒位X线片以及行关节上腔造影.结果:统计学分析表明治疗前后存在有显著性差异(P=0.02),Fricton颞下颌关节紊乱指数(CMI)从治疗前的0.21±0.04下降到治疗后的0.09±0.03.但造影显示并非所有弹响消失患者的盘-突关系均恢复正常.结论:稳定性牙合垫治疗颞下颌关节可复性盘前移位取得了良好的治疗效果,能有效地消除弹响,缓解疼痛,改善患者的下颌运动功能.     

Evidence of the validity of a model of determinants of quality of restorative dental care

A model describing the relationship between self-reported quality of restorative dentistry and dentist characteristics for 119 Montana general dentists is presented. The best predictors formed a significant model explaining 22% of the variance of the quality measure. Results are contrasted with a previous estimation of the model for 102 Washington general practitioners. Evidence for the external validity of the model is presented.     

Experimental evidence of formation of imines in the course of reduction of hydrazones

The reduction of hydrazones is generally suggested to proceed through a reductive cleavage of the nitrogen–nitrogen bond followed by a reduction of the carbon–nitrogen bond. This sequence of reduction processes is here supported for fluorenone (V) and benzophenone (VI) hydrazones as well as by a comparison of the reduction of fluorenone and benzophenone hydrazonium ions (I,III) with corresponding imines (II,IV). Another proof of the presence of imines as intermediates is the splitting of four-electron waves of hydrazones V and VI and hydrazonium ions I and VIII into two waves at pH < 2. This has been interpreted as due to differences in slopes dE_1/2/dpH and pK_a-values of protonated hydrazine derivatives on one side and corresponding imines on the other. In this pH-range imines formed in reductions of VI and VIII are reduced in a single two-electron wave, those of I and V in two one-electron steps. Fluorenone imine (II) is sufficiently stable to allow recording of time-independent current–voltage curves between pH 6 and 11. In this pH-range the imine (II) is reduced in two one-electron steps. Benzophenone imine (IV) has been found stable between pH 4.6 and 12. At pH 4.6–8 the reduction of the imine IV takes place in a single two-electron step, at pH 8–12 in two one-electron steps. Final proof of the initial cleavage of the N–N bond is presented by comparison with the reduction of nitrones.     

不同剂型玻璃离子水门汀溶解性比较研究

目的:研究、比较不同剂型玻璃离子水门汀的溶解性和表面微观形态改变,为临床使用提供依据.方法:将3M树脂加强型玻璃离子水门汀(水粉剂型)、GC玻璃离子水门汀(水粉剂型)及GC玻璃离子水门汀(双糊剂型)分别在人工唾液中浸泡30 d,冷热循环15000次,烘干测重,比较前后质量变化,计算溶解率,并用扫描电镜观察表面微观改变.结果:不同剂型的玻璃离子水门汀溶解率由高到低分别为3M树脂加强型玻璃离子水门汀(水粉剂型)、GC玻璃离子水门汀(水粉剂型)、GC玻璃离子水门汀(双糊剂型).3种玻璃离子水门汀经浸泡溶解后,SEM扫描表面微观形态可观察到GE玻璃离子水门汀(双糊剂型)表面形态改变较少,其他2组玻璃离子水门汀表面微观改变较多.结论:双糊剂型玻璃离子水门汀理化性能及溶解率均低于传统水粉剂型,是未来临床修复治疗的的良好选择.     

Evaluation of efficacy of chemiluminescence for diagnosis of leukoplakia

ObjectiveLeukoplakia is the most common potentially malignant disorder preceding oral cancer. Chemiluminescence has been developed as an adjunct to conventional examination for the diagnosis of these potentially malignant disorders. This study was conducted to assess the efficacy of chemiluminescence in the diagnosis of leukoplakia and to compare the results with histopathological examination.Study designA total of 50 patients with leukoplakia were included from the outpatients attending the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Dental Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. These patients were subjected to conventional oral examination followed by chemiluminescent examination with Vizilite (Zila, Fort Collins, CO, USA) and biopsy for histopathological confirmation.ResultsThe sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of chemiluminescence were 93.75%, 55.56%, 78.95%, and 83.3%, respectively. The overall accuracy of chemiluminescence was 80%. A statistically significant association was observed between histopathology results and chemiluminescence results.ConclusionAlthough it is an easy, safe, minimal time consuming, and noninvasive technique, it has only adjunctive utility and it does not replace biopsy for the diagnosis of leukoplakia.     

颌骨动静脉畸形的栓塞治疗

目的：总结直接穿刺结合经血管内介入栓塞治疗颌骨动静脉静脉畸形的经验。方法：收治凳骨动静脉畸形患者6例,均进行了介入栓塞治疗。采用的栓塞材料为附凝血棉纤毛的螺圈,聚乙烯醇泡沫微粒和二氰基丙烯酸对丁酯。数字减影颈动脉造影在PHILIPSV300下完成。结果6例颌骨动静脉畸形患者中4,例急性出血得到了快速、有效控制,1例慢性渗血的右下 骨动静脉畸形患者,介入栓塞治疗,拔除松动的右下凳第一磨牙,有效地控制了出血,另1例伴局部软组织搏动性膨隆的上凳骨动静脉畸形患者,介入治疗后膨隆的搏动性得到明显改善,栓塞治疗后分别随访3－24个月,均未发现有口腔内渗血或出血。随访的X线片上,病灶区可见新骨形成。结论：局部穿刺结合经血管内介入栓塞治疗颌骨动静畸形是一种安全、有效的治疗方法。     

Design of clinical trials of traditional therapies of periodontitis

The present paper on the design of clinical trials of periodontal therapy first addresses the issue of the etiology of periodontal disease. It is suggested that most if not all forms of destructive periodontal disease are caused by microorganisms and that there are different forms of disease with different microbial etiologies. The progressive nature of destructive periodontal disease is subsequently discussed and it is emphasized that, in a given patient, periodontal sites which show signs of inflammation and attachment loss may not over a period of several months and years show further sign of attachment loss. The present methods of assessing periodontal disease do not allow us to discriminate between potentially active and inactive sites in untreated patients. The significance and variability of indicators of periodontal disease such as bleeding on probing, probing pocket depth and probing attachment level measurements are discussed. The errors inherent in the various measurements are analyzed and suggestions are presented describing how alterations in any of the above parameters could be identified and presented in a clinical trial. Of concern for the statistical analysis of clinical data of periodontal disease is the definition of the "experimental unit". For a number of years, the "experimental unit" in periodontal trials was the patient. It is clear, however, that different sites within the same individual show different patterns of disease progression and lesion morphology and often respond differently to periodontal therapy. Statistical analyses must consequently be designed which recognize differences in site-to-site infection and lesion morphology within a common host. Until such analyses are available, the investigator should be wary of pooling data within the same individual, since such pooling may obscure meaningful alternatives which may take place in individual periodontal sites. Some goals of periodontal therapy are subsequently identified. 4 goals are discussed more in detail, namely: to establish conditions which will allow the patient to maintain a dentition without further breakdown of the periodontium; to reduce pocket depth to establish an anatomy in the dentogingival region which with proper maintainance care will prevent the re-establishment of the subgingival infection; to gain attachment as a result of treatment; to assess the effect of a certain chemotherapeutic agent on periodontal disease.     

正畸患者切牙影像失真发生情况分析

目的研究正畸患者曲面体层片上的切牙影像失真发生情况，并分析其原因。 方法从中山大学附属口腔医院放射科影像数据库中选取500例正畸患者的曲面体层片和头影测量侧位片，所有曲面体层片均采用咬合杆投照，分别从切牙牙体影像放大、缩小、牙根变短、根尖模糊等评价指标分析上下颌切牙影像失真的发生情况，在头影测量侧位片上测量中切牙根尖-对颌切牙切缘的距离，探讨切牙影像失真发生的原因。采用SPSS 19.0统计软件对所得数据进行统计学检验。 结果500例患者中，切牙牙体影像正常者共417例，切牙牙体影像失真者共83例，影像失真发生率16.6%，其中切牙牙体影像放大17例、牙体影像缩小0例、牙根变短30例，牙根影像变短伴模糊36例。影像失真患者的根尖-切缘距离大于影像正常的患者，差异有统计学意义（F = 5 187.18，P = 0）；影像失真患者的覆盖值大于影像正常的患者，差异有统计学意义（F>477，P = 0）。 结论严重牙颌面畸形如反 、深覆盖是导致曲面体层片的切牙影像失真的主要原因之一。     

正常青年Monson球面半径的测量研究

目的测量正常青年Monson球面半径。方法选择60名(男30名,女30名)正常青年制取全口印模,应用立体摄影成像的原理与方法对Monson球面半径进行测量和统计学处理。结果Monson球面的半径平均为10.173 cm,大于理论值10.160 cm,差异有显著性(P<0.01);男、女性球面半径差异无显著性。结论本实验所得到的数据可作为全口义齿修复中记录颌位关系的一个参量。     

鼻测量法的进展

唇裂术后继发畸形是指唇裂修复术后,仍遗留或继发于手术操作和生长发育变化而表现出来的一类畸形[1]。包括唇畸形、鼻畸形和颌骨畸形。其修复较原发性唇裂修复更复杂,更灵活多变。而导致其修复复杂性的一个重要原因即是局部组织结构复杂变异和缺乏可靠的三维测量手段[2],鼻畸形     

口底癌34例临床分析

目的探讨口底癌的临床特性、治疗方法及预后。方法对我院自1992—2002年住院治疗的34例口底癌患者进行回顾性分析。结果34例口底癌患者中,男28例(82.4%),女6例(17.6%),男女比为4.7∶1,平均发病年龄58岁。发病部位:前口底22例(64.7%),后口底12例(35.3%)。淋巴结转移率41.2%。单纯手术组、化疗加手术组、放疗加手术组、化疗加手术加放疗组的5年生存率分别为45.5%、60.0%、50.0%、62.5%。结论口底癌以中老年患者好发,男性居多。易发生淋巴结转移,综合疗法疗效较好。