急性基底动脉闭塞性脑卒中早期血管内治疗预后的影响因素分析北大核心CSCD

目的探讨急性基底动脉闭塞(BAO)患者早期血管内治疗(EVT)预后的影响因素。方法回顾性分析2011年12月至2020年12月在东部战区总医院、2014年12月至2020年12月在皖南医学院弋矶山医院接受EVT的201例急性BAO患者临床资料。预后不良定义为90 d改良Rankin量表(mRS)评分>3分。采用单因素和二元logistic回归分析BAO患者EVT后预后不良的影响因素。结果共纳入201例患者,平均年龄(62±12)岁,男性148例(73.6%),90 d预后不良126例(62.7%)。二元logistic回归分析表明,低基线美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分(OR=1.100,95%CI=1.015~1.192,P=0.020)、高基线后循环Alberta卒中项目早期CT评分(pc-ASPECTS)(OR=0.776,95%CI=0.604~0.997,P=0.047)、良好脑侧支循环(2级比0级,OR=0.315,95%CI=0.119~0.534,P=0.20)、血管成功再通(OR=0.313,95%CI=0.102~0.956,P=0.042)及低空腹血糖水平(OR=1.140,95%CI=1.002~1.297,P=0.046)是BAO患者EVT后90 d良好预后的独立预测因素。亚组分析显示,低基线NIHSS评分(OR=1.098,95%CI=1.014~1.190,P=0.022)、良好脑侧支循环(2级比0级,OR=0.364,95%CI=0.134~0.992,P=0.048)是血管成功再通患者EVT后90 d良好预后的独立预测因素。结论基线pc-ASPECTS、基线NIHSS评分、空腹血糖水平、脑侧支循环状态及血管再通状态是BAO患者EVT后90 d预后的独立预测因素,基线NIHSS评分高和脑侧支循环差是早期成功再通后预后不良的危险因素。     

CTA评分对发病6～24 h急性基底动脉闭塞血管内治疗临床结局的预测价值

【摘要】 目的 探讨CTA评分系统对急性基底动脉闭塞（BAO）6～24 h患者血管内治疗后早期临床结局的预测价值。方法 回顾性分析2014年1月至2019年12月在胜利油田中心医院接受血管内治疗的53例急性BAO患者临床资料。根据改良Rankin 量表（mRS）评分结果,将患者分为预后良好组（n=32）、预后不良组（n=21）。采用后循环侧支循环评分（pc-CS）、后循环（pc）-CTA侧支评分、基底动脉BATMAN评分,对血管内介入术前患者CTA影像进行评估。 结果 预后良好组、预后不良组患者年龄、取栓前和出院 NIHSS 评分、pc-CS评分、pc-CTA评分、BATMAN 评分等指标比较,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。多因素logistic回归分析显示,pc-CTA评分≤1.5分（OR=0.468,95%CI=0.231～0.946,P=0.035）、pc-CS评分≥4.5分（OR=2.183,95%CI=1.233～3.865,P=0.007）、BATMAN评分≥4.5分（OR=2.461,95%CI=1.320～4.588,P=0.005）,均为急性BAO患者血管内治疗后90 d良好临床结局的独立预测因素。受试者工作特征曲线（ROC）分析显示,pc-CS 评分、pc-CTA评分、BATMAN 评分预测良好临床结局的曲线下面积（AUC）分别为0.766（95%CI=0.632～0.901）、0.814（95%CI=0.697～0.931）、0.869（95%CI=0.763～0.975）。结论 pc-CS评分、pc-CTA 评分和BATMAN 评分均能独立有效地预测血管内治疗急性BAO患者90 d临床结局,其中反映血栓负荷及侧支代偿的BATMAN 评分似可更准确地预测预后。     

急性串联型椎基底动脉闭塞伴对侧椎动脉闭塞或发育不良患者血管内开通策略

【摘要】 目的 探讨急性串联型椎基底动脉闭塞伴对侧椎动脉闭塞或发育不良患者血管内开通治疗策略。方法 回顾性分析2021年1月至12月在空军军医大学第一附属医院接受急诊血管内开通治疗的6例急性基底动脉闭塞伴双侧椎动脉闭塞或优势侧椎动脉闭塞且对侧椎动脉发育不良患者临床资料。根据病变类型和侧支循环条件差异,选择采用不同的开通治疗策略。结果 6例患者均为男性,中位年龄62.7岁。其中经颈深动脉逆向开通椎动脉1例,经颈升动脉逆向造影并在椎动脉闭塞远端滞留对比剂影指引下正向开通椎动脉1例,经优势侧正向开通椎动脉4例;随后均接受基底动脉取栓治疗。术后6例基底动脉改良溶栓治疗脑梗死（mTICI）血流分级达到2b/3,基底动脉开通成功率为6/6。术后3例患者因非手术因素死亡,其余3例改良Rankin量表（mRS）评分分别为0分、0分和3分,预后良好率为2/6。结论 对于急性串联型椎基底动脉闭塞伴对侧椎动脉闭塞或发育不良患者,积极的椎动脉正向或逆向再通术是治疗急性基底动脉闭塞的可行方法。     

不同卒中分型急性基底动脉闭塞机械取栓临床研究

【摘要】 目的 比较不同卒中分型急性基底动脉闭塞（BAO）患者机械取栓的临床疗效和安全性。 方法 回顾性纳入2017年4月至2019年4月在苏州大学附属第一医院总院接受机械取栓治疗的29例急性BAO患者。采用中间导管联合Solitaire FR支架行机械取栓,评价急性BAO机械取栓可行性、血管再通率、90 d预后良好率和手术相关并发症。结果 29例急性BAO患者中TOAST分型为心源性脑栓塞（CE）型19例（CE组）,大动脉粥样硬化性脑卒中（LAA）型9例（LAA组）,病因不明栓塞1例。26例（89.7%）闭塞血管成功再通（mTICI分级2b/3级）,其中CE组、LAA组分别为17例（89.5%）、8例（88.9%）（P＞0.05）,病因不明1例。CE组、LAA组患者发病至医院就诊时间分别为（203.6±99.2） min、（353.8±210.8） min（P＜0.05）,分别有2例、3例接受补救性支架植入（P＞0.05）,取栓次数分别为（1.6±0.9）次、（2.0±1.4）次（P＞0.05）。术后90 d预后良好率（改良Rankin量表评分≤2分）为48.3%（14/29）,其中CE组、LAA组分别为52.6%（10/19）、33.3%（3/9）（P＞0.05）,病因不明1例恢复良好。手术相关并发症包括异位栓塞、出血转化。 结论 机械取栓治疗急性BAO安全可行。CE患者和LAA患者90 d预后良好率无差异,但CE患者发病至医院就诊时间较短于LAA患者。     

优化椎动脉造影在基底动脉穿支血管显示中的应用研究

目的：评价优化椎动脉造影显示基底动脉穿支血管的效果,以避免在神经介入术中损害相关后循环穿支动脉。 方法：选取2017年3月-7月在我院行后循环全脑数字减影血管造影（DSA）检查的患者共80例,并随机分为对照组40例（常规椎动脉造影）和实验组40例（优化椎动脉造影）。造影后在不同模式下观测基底动脉以及双侧大脑后动脉,确定能否辨认穿支动脉,并统计两组每段穿支数目的不同。 结果：两组造影后穿支动脉进行对比,发现实验组大脑后动脉P1段穿支动脉左、右侧分别为2.00±1.01和1.95±1.10支,对照组P1段左、右侧穿支动脉为1.52±0.71和1.45±0.81支;实验组P2段左、右侧穿支动脉为1.45±0.99和1.43±1.15支,对照组P2段左、右侧穿支动脉为0.78±0.65和0.55±0.55支;实验组基底动脉左、右侧脑桥穿支动脉为1.87±0.88和1.80±1.07支,对照组基底动脉左、右侧脑桥穿支动脉为0.37±0.54和0.28±0.50支;对照组观察所得各部位穿支动脉少于实验组,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。 结论：全脑数字血管造影中,经优化的椎动脉造影方法能够更有效地显示出后循环穿支动脉的数量,更好地观察穿支动脉走行,可以指导神经介入手术,防止术中损害相关穿支动脉。     

应用DSA诊断椎-基底动脉变异

目的探讨椎基底动脉变异的种类和发生率及DSA影像学特征,提高对椎基底动脉变异临床意义的认识。方法对6432例患者均进行全脑血管进行造影,对全脑血管造影的DSA图像资料进行回顾性分析,得出椎基底动脉变异的发生率及变异血管合并其他血管病变的情况。结果发生椎动脉起源变异272例患者278支椎动脉,检出率为4.3%,其中左椎动脉起源异常270支(4.2%),右椎动脉起源异常8支;左椎动脉起源异常中,258支直接起自主动脉弓,2例为双起源椎动脉,4支起自颈内动脉,6支起自左锁骨下动脉根部。8支右椎动脉起源异常中,2支直接起源于右颈总动脉,2支起自右颈内动脉动脉,2例为双起源椎动脉,2支直接起自头臂干动脉。141例椎基底动脉成窗(2.19%);61支小脑后下动脉起自颅外段位置较低部位。11例永久性原始三叉动脉。另外,有9例变异结构的远端或近端伴发动脉瘤、2例伴发动静脉畸形。7例出现与成窗结构供血区相一致的一过性脑缺血症状,其中2例出现经成窗结构远端供血部位的脑梗塞,1例出现经双起源椎动脉供血部位的脑梗塞。结论脑血管DSA可以清晰显示椎基底动脉变异的位置、形态、毗邻关系及有无伴发其他血管性病变;掌握椎基底动脉变异的DSA影像学表现及血流动力学特征,对脑血管病的明确诊断及手术和介入治疗方案的制定具有重要临床意义。     

急性缺血性脑卒中桥接治疗临床效果及预后影响因素探讨

【摘要】 目的 探讨急性大动脉缺血性脑卒中静脉溶栓（IVT）后血管内取栓术（EVT）治疗（桥接治疗）的临床效果及预后影响因素。方法 回顾性分析2017年1月至2019年9月南京市第一医院收治的135例急性缺血性脑卒中患者临床资料。根据治疗方法分为桥接治疗组（n=64）和单纯EVT治疗组（n=71）。根据改良溶栓治疗脑梗死（mTICI）血流分级比较两组患者血管再通率,改良Rankin量表（mRS）评分比较预后。多因素logistic回归法分析桥接治疗预后影响因素。结果 桥接治疗组与单纯EVT治疗组相比,侧支循环更丰富[美国介入和治疗神经放射学会（ASITN）分级3.13±0.54对2.27±1.22,t=4.463,P=0.035];治疗后血管再通成功率（mTICI血流分级2b～3级）稍高（67.2%对52.1%）、出血转化比例稍高（42.2%对40.9%）,但差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。桥接治疗组出院mRS评分0～2分比例（54.69%对36.62%,χ2=4.436,P=0.039）、3个月mRS评分0～2分比例（64.06%对43.66%,χ2=5.628,P=0.025）显著高于单纯EVT治疗组。多因素logistic回归分析显示,入院DWI梗死体积（OR=0.723,95%CI=0.254～1.698,P=0.032）、侧支循环（OR=6.062,95%CI=1.563～26.971,P=0.012）、血管再通程度（OR=0.091,95%CI=0.024～0.489,P=0.035）和EVT术前IVT（OR=9.514,95%CI=1.832～35.245,P=0.008）是急性缺血性脑卒中患者预后的独立影响因素。结论 EVT术前IVT可改善急性缺血性脑卒中患者预后。综合评估入院DWI梗死体积、侧支循环、血管再通程度及是否行IVT有助于预测EVT治疗预后,指导临床康复治疗。     

三维经颅多普勒在脑血管病诊断中的应用

对40例经 CT,DSA 确诊的脑血管病患者作了三维经颅多普勒(TCD)检查。结果表明 TCD 与 DSA 一致者36例,占90%,二者有较高的符合率。TCD 对颈动脉、颅底 Willis 环主要分支、椎动脉颅内段及基底动脉狭窄、闭塞、侧支循环状态、较大的 AVM 及动脉瘤有较高的诊断价值。     

子宫动脉栓塞术中附加栓塞侧支动脉的意义

目的 探讨子宫动脉栓塞术（UAE）中附加栓塞侧支动脉的可行性、安全性和有效性。方法 选取2012年1月～2019年8月瘢痕妊娠患者369例接受子宫动脉栓塞术联合宫腔镜清宫术,其中47例患者在子宫动脉栓塞术中进行了侧支供血动脉的尝试性栓塞。根据侧支动脉栓塞的成功与否将患者分成UAE+侧支动脉栓塞成功组和UAE+侧支动脉栓塞失败组,对两组患者进行了基础资料和临床疗效的对照。结果 29例患者（61.7%）侧支动脉栓塞成功,其余18例（38.3%）侧支动脉栓塞失败。两组患者的年龄、孕龄、发病至上次剖宫产术的间隔时间、胎囊直径、基础血清人绒毛膜促性腺激素（β-hCG）水平、胎囊与膀胱间的肌层厚度、β-hCG恢复至正常的时间均无差异。UAE+侧支动脉栓塞成功组的清宫术中出血量明显少于UAE+侧支动脉栓塞失败组。结论 在子宫动脉栓塞术联合宫腔镜清宫术治疗瘢痕妊娠中,侧支供血动脉栓塞在技术上是可行的,安全的,有助于减少清宫术中的出血量。     

软脑膜侧支吻合程度与预后相关性研究

目的探讨大脑中动脉M1段闭塞所致急性脑梗死患者软脑膜侧支吻合程度与临床预后的相关性。方法选取大脑中动脉M1段闭塞所致急性脑梗死患者82例,均于起病3 d内行头磁共振血管造影(MRA)检查,10 d内行头血管造影(DSA)或CT血管造影(CTA)检查。根据头DSA或CTA检查结果对患者软脑膜侧支吻合程度进行评分,再根据评分将患者分为两组,其中,侧支循环较好组(评分1~2分)患者35例,侧支循环较差组(评分3~5分)患者47例。电话随访3个月,分别记录并比较两组患者的改良兰金评分量表(mRS)评分。采用Logistic回归分析预后与mRS评分的影响因素,Spearman相关性分析软脑膜侧支吻合评分与mRS评分的相关性。结果侧支循环较好组的mRS评分为(0.92±0.83)分,侧支循环较差组mRS评分为(3.25±1.01)分,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(t=14.770,P<0.05)。美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分与软脑膜侧支吻合评分是预后的影响因素(P<0.05);NIHSS评分、软脑膜侧支吻合评分、吸烟史及同型半胱氨酸是mRS评分的影响因素,其中,NIHSS评分与软脑膜侧支吻合评分是危险因素(P<0.05)。软脑膜侧支吻合评分与mRS评分存在正相关(r=0.868,P<0.05)。结论大脑中动脉M1段闭塞所致急性脑梗死患者的软脑膜侧支吻合评分越低,软脑膜侧支吻合程度越高,其临床预后越好。     

Periprocedural aspects in mechanical recanalization for acute stroke: data from the ENDOSTROKE registry

Introduction

The ENDOSTROKE registry aims to accompany the spreading use of endovascular stroke treatment (EVT) in academic and non-academic hospitals. This analysis focuses on preprocedural imaging, patient handling and referral, as well as on different treatment modalities in mechanical recanalization.

Methods

Data for this study were from observational registry study in 12 stroke centers in Germany and Austria with online assessment of prespecified variables concerning endovascular stroke therapy.

Results

Data from 734 patients undergoing EVT were analyzed. Preferred imaging modality prior to EVT was CT (83 %) and CTA (78 %). In 95 %, EVT was performed under general anesthesia. In 55 % of patients, a combination of intravenous (IV) thrombolysis and EVT was used, followed by pure EVT (25 %), intra-arterial (IA) thrombolysis plus EVT (13 %) and IV?+?IA thrombolysis plus EVT (7 %). Intrahospital time delay until start of EVT was 91 and 99 min in anterior and vertebrobasilar circulation stroke, respectively. Average duration of EVT was 60 min. Overall thrombolysis in myocardial infarction grade 2/3 recanalization rate was 85 %. Stent retrievers were used in 75 %, being associated with higher recanalization rates than non-stent retrievers. Hemorrhagic complications (symptomatic and asymptomatic) occurred in 12 %. Overall vessel occlusion time was approximately 60 min longer in patients being referred from a primary care hospital for EVT.

Conclusion

This study gives an overview of procedure-related factors in current EVT practice. It gives estimates on preprocedural imaging modalities, periprocedural handling, and treatment combinations used for EVT. Patient referral for EVT from primary care hospitals is associated with longer vessel occlusion times.     

Rates and predictors of futile recanalization in patients undergoing endovascular treatment in a multicenter clinical trial

Purpose

The phenomenon of futile recanalization, defined as lack of clinical benefit despite angiographic recanalization, is an important limitation of endovascular treatment for acute ischemic stroke. We aim to characterize the occurrence and predictors of futile recanalization in the endovascular arm of the Interventional Management of Stroke (IMS) III trial.

Methods

Patients with near complete or complete recanalization (TICI grades 2b and 3) were divided according to functional outcome at 3 months into “meaningful recanalization,” defined as mRS score 0–2, and “futile recanalization,” mRS score 3–6. Multivariate analysis was performed to identify predictors of futile recanalization.

Results

Futile recanalization was observed in 61 (47%) of 130. Compared to meaningful recanalization group, the futile recanalization group had higher proportion of women (62.3 vs. 43.5%; p?=?0.032), higher incidence of diabetes mellitus (29.5 vs. 8.7%; p?=?0.004) and coronary artery disease (27.9 vs. 13%; p?=?0.05), higher baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores (median [range] 19 [11–31] vs. 15 [8–26], p?<?0.001), higher baseline serum glucose (7.6?±?2.6 vs. 6.7?±?1.7 mmol/L; p?=?0.039), and longer onset-to-start of endovascular treatment time (265.8?±?48.3 vs. 239.2?±?47.7 min; p?=?0.007). In multivariate analysis, NIHSS (OR 1.3; 95% CI 1.1–1.4), female gender (OR 3.0; 95% CI 1.1–8.2), and onset-to-start of endovascular treatment time (OR 1.2; 95% CI 1.1–1.3) were independent predictors of futile recanalization.

Conclusion

In IMS III, futile recanalization was common. Delay in endovascular treatment is the only modifiable risk factor. Additional strategies for non-modifiable risk factors—female gender and high NIHSS—need to be identified.

     

Efficacy and safety of direct aspiration first pass technique versus stent-retriever thrombectomy in acute basilar artery occlusion—a retrospective single center experience

Introduction

The study aimed to compare efficacy and safety of aspiration thrombectomy (AT) to stentriever thrombectomy (SRT) in patients with basilar artery (BA) occlusion (BAO).

Methods

We retrospectively included patients with the following characteristics: acute BAO or occlusion of the intracranial vertebral artery (ICVA) and endovascular therapy (EVT) with stentriever (SRT) or aspiration thrombectomy (AT). Additional extra- but not intracranial EVT and intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) were allowed.

Results

Between January 2013 and April 2016, 33 patients fulfilled the criteria (13 treated with SRT, 20 with AT). Prior to EVT, 23 (70%) patients received IVT. The proximal intracranial occlusion was ICVA in 2 patients, proximal BA in 5 patients, middle BA in 20 patients, and distal BA in 6 patients. Mean time to treatment was 334 min (95% CI 276–391 min). Procedure duration differed significantly (p = 0.002) as follows: 97 min with SRT (95% CI 69–124 min) and 55 min with AT (95% CI 43–66 min). Recanalization (arterial occlusive lesion (AOL) 2/3) was achieved in 26 patients (79%). Complete recanalization (AOL 3) happened more often with AT (75% (95% CI 65–85%)) compared to SRT (46% (95% CI 32–60%)). Conversion rate 6% (two patients). Hemorrhages occurred in 12 (36%) patients, periprocedural complications in eight (three dissections, five embolizations to new territory) (no group difference). Ten patients (30%) had a favorable outcome (mRS ≤3) at discharge; mortality rate was 24% (eight deaths) (no group difference).

Conclusion

In primarily embolic BAO, aspiration thrombectomy was faster, effective and not detrimental to outcome as compared to stentriever thrombectomy. Thus, it may be justified to use aspiration thrombectomy as first-line treatment in these patients.

     

左室收缩功能障碍与6~24 h内接受机械取栓的急性缺血性脑卒中患者不良预后相关

目的探讨以左室射血分数（LVEF）测量的左室收缩功能障碍（LVSD）与6~24 h内接受机械取栓治疗的前循环大血管闭塞型急性缺血性脑卒中（AIS）患者90 d预后的相关性。 方法回顾性分析2018年1月至2021年1月在发病后6~24 h内于我院接受机械取栓治疗的急性缺血性脑卒中患者资料。根据国际准则采用Simpson双平面法在二维超声心动图上评估LVEF,LVEF < 50%即定义为LVSD。90 d改良Rankin量表（mRS）评分3~6分定义为不良功能预后。采用单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析明确LVSD与90 d不良预后的相关性。 结果共计纳入了107例患者,其中26例（24.3%）术后出现了LVSD。多因素分析显示,LVSD（OR = 4.206,95%CI：1.357~13.035,P = 0.013）、美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表（NIHSS）基线评分高（OR = 1.234,95%CI：1.114~1.367,P < 0.001）、再灌注不良（mTICI 0~2a） （OR = 4.388,95%CI：1.373~14.023,P = 0.013）是90 d不良功能预后的独立危险因素。年龄（OR = 1.081,95%CI：1.005~1.161,P = 0.035）、LVSD （OR = 3.783,95%CI：1.029~13.911,P = 0.045）、美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表（NIHSS）基线评分高（OR = 1.109,95%CI：1.026~1.198,P = 0.009）是90 d死亡率的独立危险因素。 结论LVSD与6~24 h接受机械取栓治疗的急性缺血性脑卒中患者90 d不良预后独立相关。     

Endovascular treatment of tiny ruptured anterior communicating artery aneurysms

INTRODUCTION: Because of its high complication rate, the endovascular treatment (EVT) of anterior communicating artery (ACoA) aneurysms less than 3 mm in maximum diameter remains controversial. We evaluated EVT of tiny ruptured ACoA aneurysms with Guglielmi detachable coils (GDCs). METHODS: We treated 19 ruptured ACoA aneurysms with a maximum diameter of 相似文献   

Angiographic assessment of pial collaterals as a prognostic indicator following intra-arterial thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: This study examines whether anatomic extent of pial collateral formation documented on angiography during acute thromboembolic stroke predicts clinical outcome and infarct volume following intra-arterial thrombolysis, compared with other predictive factors. METHODS: Angiograms, CT scans, and clinical information were retrospectively reviewed in 65 consecutive patients who underwent thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke. Clinical data included age, sex, time to treatment, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score on presentation of symptoms, NIHSS score at the time of hospital discharge, and modified Rankin scale score at time of hospital discharge. Site of occlusion, scoring of anatomic extent of pial collaterals before thrombolysis, and recanalization (complete, partial, or no recanalization) were determined on angiography. Infarct volume was measured on CT scans performed 24-48 hours after treatment. RESULTS: Fifty-three patients (82%) qualified for review. Both infarct volume and discharge modified Rankin scale scores were significantly lower for patients with better pial collateral scores than those with worse pial collateral scores, regardless of whether they had complete (P < .0001) or partial (P = .0095) recanalization. Adjusting for other factors, regression analysis models indicate that the infarct volume was significantly larger (P < .0001) and modified discharge Rankin scale score and discharge NIHSS score significantly higher for patients with worse pial collateral scores. Similarly, adjusting for other factors, the infarct volume was significantly lower (P = .0006) for patients with complete recanalization than patients with partial or no recanalization. CONCLUSIONS: Evaluation of pial collateral formation before thrombolytic treatment can predict infarct volume and clinical outcome for patients with acute stroke undergoing thrombolysis independent of other predictive factors. Thrombolytic treatment appears to have a greater clinical impact in those patients with better pial collateral formation.     

Endovascular Treatment Outcome and CT Angiography Findings in Acute Basilar Artery Occlusion with and without Underlying Intracranial Atherosclerotic Stenosis

PurposeTo compare clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of intra-arterial thrombectomy (IAT) in acute basilar artery occlusion (BAO) with and without underlying intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAS) and to investigate the usefulness of preprocedural CT angiography findings in the diagnosis of ICAS.Materials and MethodsTwenty patients who received IAT for acute BAO between September 2014 and March 2019 were included. Additional therapies such as angioplasty, stent placement, and tirofiban infusion were provided while treating ICAS. Clinical and angiographic results of treatment were recorded. Preprocedural CT angiography findings in ICAS and non-ICAS groups were compared to assess (i) basilar tip opacification, (ii) partial occlusion, (iii) presence of convex border, (iv) occlusion segment longer than two thirds of the basilar artery or 20 mm, (v) dense basilar artery, and (vi) wall calcification in the occluded segment.ResultsAmong the 20 patients (mean age, 71.3 y; mean stroke score, 24.8), optimal recanalization was achieved in 19 (95%). Three patients had good clinical outcomes. There were 6 patients with underlying ICAS. No difference was observed between ICAS and non-ICAS groups in terms of optimal angiographic recanalization and good outcome. On CT angiography, basilar tip occlusion (100% vs 29%), partial occlusion (100% vs 83%), and long occlusion length (100% vs 14%) significantly differed between the groups (P ≤ .01).ConclusionsIn acute BAO, underlying ICAS does not affect optimal recanalization rate or clinical outcome. Preprocedural CT angiography is a potentially useful tool to detect it.     

Accessory hepatic vein recanalization for treatment of Budd-Chiari syndrome due to long-segment obstruction of the hepatic vein: initial clinical experience

PURPOSE

We aimed to investigate the feasibility and effectiveness of accessory hepatic vein recanalization (balloon dilatation/stent insertion) for patients with Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) due to long-segment obstruction of the hepatic vein.

METHODS

From March 2010 to December 2013, 20 consecutive patients with BCS, due to long-segment obstruction of three hepatic veins, treated with accessory hepatic vein recanalization (11 males, 9 females; mean age, 33.4±10.9 years; range, 22–56 years) were included in this retrospective study. Data on technical success, clinical success, and follow-up were collected and analyzed.

RESULTS

Technical and clinical success was achieved in all patients. Each patient was managed with a single accessory hepatic vein recanalization procedure. No procedure-related complications occurred. The diameter of the accessory hepatic vein was 8.45±1.47 mm (6–11 mm) at the stem, and there were many collateral circulations between the hepatic vein and the accessory hepatic vein. The mean pressure of accessory hepatic vein decreased from 47.50±5.59 cm H₂O before treatment to 28.80±3.47 cm H₂O after treatment (P < 0.001). Abnormal levels of total bilirubin, albumin, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine transaminase improved after the treatment. During the follow-up, three patients experienced restenosis or stenting of the accessory hepatic vein.

CONCLUSIONS

In BCS due to long-segment obstruction of the hepatic veins, it is important to confirm whether there is a compensatory accessory hepatic vein. For patients with a compensatory but obstructed accessory hepatic vein, recanalization is a simple, safe, and effective treatment option.Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) is a rare disease characterized by hepatic venous outflow obstruction at the level of the hepatic vein (HV) or inferior vena cava (IVC) resulting in portal hypertension (1, 2). Thrombus is the most frequent cause in Western countries, whereas membranous webs are more common in Asia (2). HV recanalization has been reported as a simple, effective, and safe method for patients with BCS due to hepatic venous obstruction (1, 2). However, if the patients display long-segment obstruction of the HV, recanalization is always difficult with a high failure rate of 31%–100% (1, 2). Even when successfully managed, there is a risk of HV reobstruction after treatment (2).Various treatments, including transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS), surgical shunts, and liver transplantation have been described as potential treatment options for BCS (3–6). However, there are only a few studies on accessory hepatic vein (AHV) recanalization for treatment of BCS. In this study, we present our initial clinical results of AHV recanalization in 20 patients with BCS due to long-segment obstruction of HV.     

The combination of baseline magnetic resonance perfusion-weighted imaging-derived tissue volume with severely prolonged arterial-tissue delay and diffusion-weighted imaging lesion volume is predictive of MCA-M1 recanalization in patients treated with endovascular thrombectomy

Introduction

Indices of collateral flow deficit derived from MR perfusion imaging that are predictive of MCA-M1 recanalization after intravenous thrombolysis have been recently reported. Our objective was to test the performance of such MRI-derived collateral flow indices for prediction of recanalization after endovascular thrombectomy.

Methods

Fifty-seven patients with MCA-M1 occlusion evaluated with multimodal MRI prior to thrombectomy were included. Bayesian processing allowed quantification of collateral perfusion indices like the volume of tissue with severely prolonged arterial-tissue delay (>6 s) (VolATD6). Baseline DWI lesion volume was also measured. Correlations with angiographic collateral flow grading and post-thrombectomy recanalization were assessed.

Results

VolATD6?<?27 ml or DWI lesion volume <15 ml provide the most accurate diagnosis of excellent collateral supply (p?<?0.0001). The combination of VolATD6?>?27 ml and DWI lesion volume >15 ml significantly discriminates recanalizers versus nonrecanalizers (whole cohort, p?=?0.032; MERCI cohort (n?=?50), p?=?0.024). When both criteria are positive, 76.2 % of the patients treated with the MERCI retriever do not fully recanalize (p?=?0.024). In multivariate analysis, the aforementioned combined criterion and the angiographic collateral grade are the only independent predictors of recanalization with the MERCI retriever (p?=?0.015 and 0.029, respectively).

Conclusion

Bayesian arterial-tissue delay maps and DWI maps provide a non-invasive assessment of the degree of collateral flow and a combined index that is predictive of MCA-M1 recanalization after endovascular thrombectomy. Further studies are needed to evaluate the accuracy of this index in patients treated with novel stent retriever devices.     

Outcome of endovascular treatment for acute basilar artery occlusion in the modern era: a single institution experience

Purpose

The beneficial effect of endovascular treatment (EVT) for patients with acute basilar artery occlusion (ABAO) remains uncertain. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate clinical outcome of EVT for patients with ABAO and analyze prognostic factors of good outcome.

Methods

From our prospectively established database, we reviewed all patients with ABAO receiving EVT during January 2014 to December 2016. Baseline characteristics and outcomes were evaluated. Favorable functional outcome was defined as modified Rankin Scale score of 0 to 3 assessed at 3-month follow-up. The association between clinical and procedural characteristics and functional outcome was assessed.

Results

Of the 68 patients included, 50 patients (73.5%) received mechanical thrombectomy with stent retriever device. Successful reperfusion (thrombolysis in cerebral infarction grades 2b–3) was achieved in 61 patients (89.7%). Overall favorable functional outcome was reached by 31 patients (45.6%). In univariate analysis, Glasgow Coma Scale sum score, baseline National Institutes of Health stroke scale score (NIHSS), and baseline glycemia level were identified predicting good clinical outcome. Multivariate analysis showed that lower NIHSS was the only independent risk factor of favorable functional outcome (OR 0.832; 95% CI, 0.715–0.968; p?=?0.018). No difference of favorable outcomes was observed between the subgroups of time to EVT?<?6 h and ? 6 h.

Conclusions

Data in the present study suggests that EVT for ABAO patients should be reasonable within 24 h of symptom onset. The most important factor determining clinical outcome is initial stroke severity.