煤矿井下噪声暴露工人扩展高频测听

目的 探讨扩展高频纯音听阈在听力监测及早期发现噪声性听力损害中的价值.方法 对73名(142耳)耳科正常者(对照组)和78名(154耳)煤矿井下噪声暴露工人(实验组,其中常频纯音听阈正常组45名90耳,常频纯音听阈异常组33名64耳),行常频纯音测听、扩展高频纯音(0.5～16kHz)测听,将两组结果进行比较.结果实验组纯音听阈在4.0、6.0 kHz及扩展高频区与对照组比较明显升高,扩展高频未检出率逐渐增加,差异有显著意义(P＜0.05);常频纯音听阈正常的实验组与对照组比较,其扩展高频听阈升高,未检出率在14 kHz开始升高,差异有显著意义(P＜0.05);常频听阈异常的实验组与对照组比较,扩展高频听阈升高,未检出率在11.2 kHz开始增加,差异均有显著意义(P＜0.01).结论 扩展高频测听可用于噪声性聋的早期诊断和听力监测.     

噪声暴露工人畸变产物耳声发射和扩展高频测听的研究

目的 :分析畸变产物耳声发射 (DPOAE)和常频纯音测听、扩展高频测听的关系 ,借以探讨DPOAE的产生机制以及在噪声性听力损伤的监测和早期诊断中的应用价值。方法 :对 4 2例耳科正常人 (对照组 )和 2 0例噪声暴露工人 (实验组 )进行 0 .5～ 16 .0kHzDPOAE、常频纯音测听及扩展高频测听的检测 ,比较对照组和实验组DPOAE和常频纯音测听、扩展高频测听的结果。结果 :实验组纯音听阈在 6 .0kHz处和扩展高频区下降明显 ,与对照组比较 ,差异有显著性意义 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;DPOAE幅值在 4 .0、6 .0和 11.2kHz处下降明显 ,与对照组比较 ,差异均有显著性意义 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;而在 12 .5、14 .0、16 .0kHz 3个频率处两组差异无显著性意义 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论 :常频DPOAE检查可用于噪声性聋的早期诊断和监测。DPOAE可能来源于对应频率区及较高频率区耳蜗外毛细胞 ,其产生部位和机制尚待深入研究     

扩展高频测听对代谢综合征患者听觉功能早期损害的测试

目的探讨代谢综合征（MS）患者听觉功能早期损害的听力学特征,为研究和防治耳聋提供临床资料。方法选择20-50岁纯音听阈正常的健康者120例（240耳）作为对照组,同等年龄、纯音听阈正常并确诊为MS的患者130例（260耳）作为实验组,每耳在同一测试条件下行扩展高频测听。所得结果进行组间比较。结果同一年龄段实验组扩展高频测听阈值较对照组升高,20-40岁患者12kHz及以上频率阈值增高有显著意义（P〈0.05）。41-50岁年龄组10-14kHz频率阈值增高有显著意义（P〈0.05）,16kHz频率检出率下降有显著意义（P〈0.05）。结论MS是致聋的病因之一,也是加重老年性聋的因素,扩展高频测听可以在早期检测出MS患者的听力损害。     

不同原因内耳损伤下畸变产物耳声发射的改变

目的研究不同原因内耳损伤下畸变产物耳声发射(distortion product otoacoustic emissions,DPOAE)改变的特点.方法对耳科正常人、噪声暴露工人和应用顺铂化疗的妇科肿瘤患者进行DPOAE(0.5～16 kHz)、常频纯音测听(0.5～8 kHz)及扩展高频测听(9～16 kHz)检查.对DPOAE幅值与纯音听阈进行比较分析.结果在噪声性和顺铂耳毒性损伤下,常频DPOAE表现为3～6 kHz幅值降低,早于对应常频纯音听阈变化.扩展高频DPOAE幅值均有下降,但频率区域不同,噪声组只在11.2 kHz处下降明显,其他频率变化不大,尤其是12.5 kHz、14 kHz、16 kHz三个频率几无变化;药物组除16 kHz外各频率均幅值下降.结论常频DPOAE比常频纯音测听和扩展高频DPOAE敏感,因此,在噪声、顺铂等引起的耳蜗性听力损害的早期监测中,优于常频纯音测听和扩展高频DPOAE.     

不同听力检测方法对早期发现噪声性隐性听力损失的意义

目的探讨扩展高频纯音测听、畸变产物耳声发射(DPOAE)及噪声下言语识别能力测试对早期发现噪声性隐性听力损失的意义。方法选取20例常频纯音听阈正常、有噪声接触史的工人(接噪组,年龄20~41岁)与20例无噪声接触史、常频听阈正常的青年人(对照组,年龄19~35岁),分别行扩展高频纯音测听、扩展高频DPOAE及噪声下言语识别能力测试(汉化版噪声下BKB语句测试),记录并比较两组各项测试结果。结果接噪组扩展高频纯音听阈检出率低于对照组,在16 kHz差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),在18、20 kHz差异有显著统计学意义(P<0.01);接噪组8~20 kHz扩展高频纯音听阈平均值高于对照组,在9、18 kHz差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),在14 kHz差异有显著统计学意义(P<0.01);接噪组扩展高频DPOAE的信噪比及幅值均较对照组降低,在10 kHz差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),在8、9 kHz差异均有显著统计学意义(P<0.01);噪声下言语识别能力测试显示接噪组信噪比损失平均值为4.6±2.19 dB,高于对照组(3.00±2.08 dB)(P<0.01)。结论接噪组相较对照组,扩展高频纯音听阈值升高或引不出,扩展高频DPOAE信噪比及幅值降低,噪声下言语识别能力显著下降,以上三种检测方法对早期发现噪声性隐性听力损失有一定的参考价值。     

高频测听在语频听力正常的耳鸣患者中的应用及其意义

目的 观察语频听力正常的耳鸣患者的高频测听结果并探讨其临床意义。方法 应用8－20kHz的纯音听力计对语频听力正常（≤25dB HL）的耳鸣组患者35例（60耳）和相同年龄段的正常对照组人群30例（60耳）进行高频测听。结果 耳鸣组患者的高频听阈检测结果显示，随频率增高，听阈逐渐提高，听阈检出率逐渐下降。相同频率耳鸣组患者与对照组人群移的差异有显著性意义（P＜0.05），14－20kHz范围内两组听阈检出率差异也有显著性意义（P＜0.01）。结论 耳鸣组患者高频听阈明显高于正常对照组，在14kHz以上听阈检出低于正常对照组。高频测听能够在早期为耳鸣患者提供听力受损的直接参考依据，患者的高频听务损失，可能在最初的耳鸣发生中起一定的作用。     

扩展高频测听对常规纯音测听正常的耳鸣患者早期听力损失的诊断价值

人耳能听到20～20 000 Hz不同频率的声音,但目前临床常用的听力评价方法为纯音测听,其范围只包括0.125～8 kHz.而扩展高频测听为非常规纯音测听,可以测得人耳8 kHz以上的扩展高频听阈.     

高频测听及耳声发射对老年性听力损失早期诊断的研究

目的探讨扩展高频听阈及畸变产物耳声发射（DPOAE）幅值与年龄的关系及其对老年性听力损失早期诊断的意义。方法应用扩展高频测听和畸变产物耳声发射对100例常频听力正常者（20～70岁,分5个年龄段）进行听力测试。结果在扩展高频测听中,随测试频率增高,各年龄段听阈逐渐增加,不同测试频率随年龄增加听阈增高,听阈检出率逐渐下降,经SPSS软件分析,在9～11．2kHz,41岁以下组间无显著性差异,但与41岁及以上组有显著性差异（P〈0．01）;12．5～16kHz,20～30岁组与其他各组均有显著差异,51～60岁组与61～70岁组无显著差异。在DPOAE测试中,各频率随年龄增长DPOAE幅值下降,尤其在高频区,不同年龄段DPOAE幅值有显著差异。结论扩展高频测听与畸变产物耳声发射幅值可以作为对老年性听力损失早期诊断的依据,均可以用于老年性听力损失的早期筛查和诊断。     

正常人扩展高频测听结果报告

目的研究正常人扩展高频听敏度,观察扩展高频听力随年龄增加的细微变化.方法用意大利Amplaid-460型听力计,频率范围8～18kHz.测试正常人128人、256耳,17～50岁,男92人,女36人,其中17～29岁90人,30～50岁38人,125Hz～8kHz纯音各频率听阈≤20dBHL,声导抗测听正常.以5岁为一年龄段分5组进行分析.结果1.正常年轻人(17～29岁)高频听阈总的趋势是随频率提高,听阈逐渐增加,出现率逐渐下降,在14kHz以上频率更为显著;2.正常人17～19岁、20～24岁、25～29岁、30～34岁、35岁以上各年龄组间12、14、16、18kHz听阈相比差异有显著性(P＜0.05),随年龄增加听阈逐渐提高,高频听阈出现率逐渐下降,随频率增加各年龄组差距逐渐明显,14kHz以上频率最为明显.结论人耳的老化是一个逐渐的过程,随年龄增加听阈提高.频率越高受影响越明显.扩展高频纯音测听结果可反映耳蜗亚临床病理状态,有利于早期发现听觉感受器病变,可用于临床监测耳毒性听力损失和早期诊断梅尼埃病等.     

200例主观性耳鸣患者听力损失临床分析

目的:对耳鸣患者的听力损失进行分析,为进一步探讨耳鸣的发病原因、检查方法提供临床依据。方法:对以主观性耳鸣为主诉的200例患者进行耳科专科检查、声导抗检测、常频纯音听阈测听和高频扩展听阈测听检查。结果:200例耳鸣患者中,单侧耳鸣123例(61.5%),双侧耳鸣77例(38.5%);46例(23.0%)听力正常。单侧耳鸣中,患侧与对侧听阈比较0.125～8kHz差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),10kHz及其以上频率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。常频听力正常组与听力异常组比较各频率阈值差异均具有统计学意义(均P<0.05),听力异常组扩展高频检出率低于听力正常组。结论:耳鸣可以存在听力正常的人群中,扩展高频测听能否为耳鸣患者提供早期听力损失的依据,尚需对更多的临床资料进一步研究。     

detection of early noise-induced hearing impairment in pilots

Objective To detect early signs of noise-induced hearing loss(NIHL) in military pilots without hearing complaints. Methods Pure tone audiometry and acoustic reflex thresholds were tested in 36 military pilots (72 ears) with noise exposure history but no complaints of hearing loss. Conventional test frequencies (0.25-8 kHz) and extended high frequencies (EHF, 10 and 12.5 kHz) were included in audiometry. White noise and pure tones at 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 kHz were used for acoustic reflex tests. Twenty normal hearing subjects(40 ears) with no exposure to occupational noise were used as controls. Results Pure tone thresholds at all conventional frequencies and at EHFs were elevated in the pilots, with the maximum shift at 4 kHz, compared with controls (p < 0.01 ). The pilots also showed elevated ART to white noise and decreased differentials between white noise and pure tone ARTs (p< 0.01 ). Conclusion Early signs of NIHL are present in some symptom-free military pilots. High frequency hearing threshold shift, elevated white noise ART and decreased differential between white noise and pure tone ARTs may be objective indicators of early NIHL.     

Extended high‐frequency audiometry in patients with acoustic trauma

Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine extended high‐frequency (EHF) hearing in patients with acoustic trauma. Design: A prospective, case–control study in a group of soldiers with acoustic trauma caused by shooting practice during basic training. Setting: Tertiary referral centre. Participants: A total of 39 young soldiers hospitalized for hearing loss and tinnitus following exposure to weapon impulse noise were studied. Conventional audiometry in the frequency range 0.25–8 kHz and EHF audiometry in the frequency range 9–20 kHz were performed, both on admittance and before discharge. Thirty healthy recruits of similar age and sex were used as controls. Main outcome measures: Pure‐tone threshold changes documented by conventional and EHF audiometry. Results: The most significant differences in pure‐tone thresholds on initial testing were found in the frequency range 0.25–11.2 kHz, and especially in the 4–8 kHz region. Reduction in thresholds across most frequencies was observed after treatment, although recovery was partial in most cases. Conclusions: The EHF audiometry adds no significant additional information to conventional pure‐tone audiometry in assessing and monitoring noise‐induced hearing loss.     

Otoacoustic emissions recorded in people with chronic migraine

Migraine, a moderate to severe chronic headache occurring on one or both sides, is a common disease affects young people. Although hearing loss in subjects with migraine is not rare, the correlation of migraine with hearing loss is not clear. In this study, we examined hearing loss in young migraine subjects to determine if migraine may be a factor in causing cochlear dysfunction. Seven college students with migraine and three age matched subjects without history of migraine were assessed using extended high frequency audiometry and distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs). There was no significant difference in regular audiometry threshold between the migraine group and the control group. However, high frequency audiometry (9–16 kHz) showed thresholds at 25 dB nHL or higher in six out of twenty ears in the migraine group. The amplitude of DPOAEs were reduced for more than 10 dB in the migraine group in comparison with the control group. These data suggest that migraine may affect cochlear dysfunction evidenced by the reduced amplitude of DPOAE and high frequency pure-tone audiometry.     

多频稳态诱发电位评估中度感音神经性聋儿童的应用

目的探讨多频稳态听觉诱发电位评估儿童中度感音神经性聋的可靠性。方法所有患者经纯音测听（PTA）检查筛选出中度感音神经性聋30例5～6岁儿童（共40耳），然后口服10％水合氯醛镇静睡眠后，行多频稳态听觉诱发电位（ASSR）检测，其阈值与纯音听阂阈值进行比较，分析不同频率处听力阈值分布情况及其相关性。结果分别比较语言频率ASSR阂值与纯音听闽阈值，结果显示，0．5kHz处相关性较差，其差值为2-18dB，而在4kHz处相关性最好。结论可以应用多频稳态听觉诱发电位评估中度感音神经性聋儿童的听力阈值，但需要注意0．5kHz处的相关性差异。     

相关疾病对老年人听力的影响

目的探讨高血压、高血脂、糖尿病对老年人听力的影响,以期对预防和系统治疗老年性聋提供帮助。方法选取184例年龄≥65岁的老年人,除外有中耳疾病、强噪声暴露史及60岁以前有听力损失主诉等。根据所患疾病将受试者分为高血压病组（组1）,糖尿病组（组2）,高血脂组（组3）,高血压＋高血脂组（组4）,高血压＋糖尿病组（组5）,糖尿病＋高血脂组（组6）,高血压＋糖尿病＋高血脂组（组7）及对照组（正常组）。每组均进行双耳常频和扩展高频的纯音昕阈测试,并计算扩展高频各频率的检出率。结果患有高血压、高血脂、糖尿病老年人的常频听力均下降,且几种疾病并存时昕力下降更为明显;其中,高血脂对听力的影响最大（p〈0．05）;患高血压、高血脂、糖尿病的老年人在10、0、12、5和16．0kHz扩展高频听力下降明显（P〈0．05）;除组5、组6在18．0kHz及组4、组5在20kHz的检出率较对照组高以外,其他组较对照组低,统计学上有显著性差异（P〈0．05）。结论高血压、高血脂、糖尿病均可导致老年人常频及扩展高频听力下降,高血脂对听力的影响尤为显著。     

Concurrent effect of noise exposure and smoking on extended high-frequency pure-tone thresholds

Objective: Concurrent effect of noise and smoking on hearing loss is a recent concern. In this study, the concurrent effect of noise and smoking on hearing loss in conventional frequencies and frequencies higher than 8 kHz was assessed. Design: This was a cross-sectional study on workers exposed to noise who were divided into two groups: smokers and non-smokers. Hearing thresholds were assessed by conventional audiometry, and HFA. Data were analysed using non-parametric tests and Student's t-test. Study sample: There were 212 workers. Results: Ninety-seven subjects were smokers and 115 individuals were non-smokers. All subjects were exposed to 92.1 ± 2.4 dBA (Leq8h). The highest threshold in conventional and high-frequency audiometry was observed at 6 kHz and 16 kHz, respectively. Hearing threshold at frequencies above 1 kHz was significantly higher in the smokers than non-smokers. There was no correlation between hearing thresholds and pack-years of smoking. Conclusions: Concurrent exposure to noise and smoking may be associated with more hearing loss than exposure to noise alone in the conventional and high frequencies. However, other differences between smokers and non-smokers may explain these differences as well.     

分泌性中耳炎骨导听阈改变的临床观察

目的证实分泌性中耳炎可导致感音神经性聋,为临床干预分泌性中耳炎,尤其是顽固的分泌性中耳炎提供依据.方法115例(164耳)分泌性中耳炎患者治愈后或未愈患者病程中复查的纯音测听检查结果,记录0.5、1、2、4kHz频率骨导听阈,计算骨导听力损失dB数.分为单侧组66例,双侧组49例,将66例单耳患者的健耳作为对照组.结果在164耳中,出现骨导听阈提高的共94耳(57.3%).双侧组与单侧组骨导听力损失程度差异均无显著性(P>0.05);单侧组和双侧组患耳在同一频率的骨导听力损失程度相似,且平均的骨导听力损失程度也相似;不同频率之间的骨导听力损失不同,4kHz的骨导听力损失为最大.结论半数以上分泌性中耳炎可以导致感音神经性聋.在不同频率间的骨导听力损失不同,以高频损失为主,并有向语言频率区过渡的趋势.     

慢性化脓性中耳炎与感音神经性聋的相关性分析

目的：探讨慢性化脓性中耳炎与感音神经性聋之间的相关性。方法：回顾分析174例单侧慢性化脓性中耳炎患者的骨导阈值改变。采用配对t检验分析0．5kHz，1．0kHz，2．0kHz，4．0kHz患耳与健耳骨导阈值的差异，单因素方差分析法分析胆脂瘤存在及听骨链破坏对语频(0．5kHz，1．0kHz，2．0kHz)和4．0kHz骨导阈值的影响，直线回归法讨论了语频和4．0kHz骨导阈值改变与年龄和病程之间的相关性。结果：患耳与健耳各频率骨导阈值之间差异有统计学意义。语频骨导听力损失程度随着患者年龄的增加而逐渐加重。胆脂瘤的存在以及听骨链破坏亦未增加感音神经性聋的发生概率。结论：慢性化脓性中耳炎可引起感音神经性聋。高频骨导听阈较低频更易受到影响。     

Relationship between pure tone audiometry and tone burst auditory brainstem response at low frequencies gated with Blackman window

To assess the reliability of Blackman windowed tone burst auditory brainstem response (ABR) as a predictor of hearing threshold at low frequencies. Fifty-six subjects were divided in to three groups (normal hearing, conductive hearing loss, sensorineural hearing loss) after pure tone audiometry (PTA) testing. Then they underwent tone burst ABR using Blackman windowed stimuli at 0.5 kHz and 1 kHz. Results were compared with PTA threshold. Mean threshold differences between PTA and ABR ranged between 11 dB at 0.5 kHz and 14 dB at 1 kHz. ABR threshold was worse than PTA in each but 2 cases. Mean discrepancy between the two thresholds was about 20 dB in normal hearing, reducing in presence of hearing loss, without any differences in conductive and sensorineural cases. Tone burst ABR is a good predictor of hearing threshold at low frequencies, in case of suspected hearing loss. Further studies are recommended to evaluate an ipsilateral masking such as notched noise to ensure greater frequency specificity.