HPV检测与细胞学检测在宫颈病变诊断中的应用

目的：评价高危型人乳头状瘤病毒（HPV）DNA检测联合宫颈液基细胞学检查在宫颈病变筛查中的价值。方法：采用宫颈超薄液基细胞学（TCT）检测及第二代杂交捕获试验（HC－2）对1036例患者进行宫颈机会筛查,以宫颈组织病理学检查结果作为确诊的标准。结果：细胞学检查发现正常575例;良性反应性改变281例;不典型鳞状细胞72侧;低度鳞状上皮内病变55例;高度鳞状上皮内病变53例。HR—HPV感染376例,阳性率36．29％;经组织病理检查确诊宫颈上皮内瘤变（CIN）Ⅰ72例,CINⅡ61例,CINⅢ65例。宫颈癌11例。高危型HPV—DNA在宫颈病变组与正常组比较有显著性差异。液基细胞学检测CIN的灵敏度63．16％,特异度94．19％,阳性预测值73．3％,阴性预测值91．0％;高危型HPV—DNA检测CIN的灵敏度85．17％,特异度75．69％,阳性预测值47．0％,阴性预测值95．28％。高危型HPV—DNA检测联合细胞学检测筛查CIN的灵敏度94．73％,特异度97．21％,阳性预测值89．59％,阴性预测值98．65％。结论：高危型HPV—DNA检测在宫颈癌的筛查中有很高的敏感度和阴性预测值,高危型HPV—DNA检测联合液基细胞学检查提高了筛查CIN的敏感性及特异性。     

HPV高危型别检测联合细胞学检查对宫颈病变筛查的研究

目的通过HPV高危型别检测联合细胞学检查对宫颈病变进行筛查,研究分析宫颈病变筛查的重要意义。方法对2011年1-12月在本院就诊的160例女性患者进行宫颈病变筛查,以病理学检测结果为诊断标准,比较细胞学检测筛查宫颈病变(以ASCUS,LSIL,HSIL为分界点,筛查CINII、III的特异度、敏感度、阳性及阴性的预测值)与HPV高危型别检测联合细胞学检测筛查CINII、III的特异度、敏感度、阳性及阴性的预测值,比较两种方法的可靠性和真实性。结果通过运用细胞学检测与HPV高危型别检测联合细胞学检测筛查,比较CINII、III的特异度、敏感度、阳性及阴性的预测值,可知虽然细胞学检查对筛查宫颈病变有一定识别度,但HPV高危型别检测联合细胞学检测结果与病理性检测结果更为接近,远远高于单纯用细胞学检查的准确性。结论利用HPV高危型别检测联合细胞学检查对宫颈病变进行筛查,对有效预防和降低女性子宫颈癌的发病率以及死亡率重要意义。     

高危型HPV16,18 DNA检测在宫颈病变筛查中的应用价值

目的:研究分析在宫颈病变筛查中高危型人乳头瘤病毒16,18型(HPV16,18)DNA检测价值。方法:选取收治的病理检查结果为癌及癌前病变的患者104例和病理检查结果为良性病变的患者145例,所有患者均接受液基细胞学检查、HPV16,18 DNA检测,统计比较两种检查手段的诊断效果。结果:HPV16,18 DNA检查癌及癌前病变患者的阳性检出率为75.96%(79/104),液基细胞学检查的阳性检出率为59.62%(62/104),HPV16,18 DNA检查癌及癌前病变的检出率比液基细胞学检查明显更高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);HPV16,18 DNA检测特异性、阴性预测值分别为85.52%、83.22%,液基细胞学分别为99.31%、77.42%,HPV16,18 DNA检测特异性显著低于液基细胞学,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而阴性预测值比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);CINⅡ及以上级别病变的感染率显著比CINⅠ更高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:宫颈癌及宫颈癌前病变的发生、发展与高危型HPV16,18感染密切相关,在宫颈病变筛查中,HPV16,18 DNA检测对宫颈癌、宫颈癌前病变的敏感性比液基细胞学明显更高,而特异性则明显更低,具有重要诊断价值。     

高危型人乳头瘤病毒检测作为宫颈癌前病变首筛项目的研究

目的探讨高危型人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)检测作为宫颈癌前病变首筛项目的应用价值。方法对1 013例慢性宫颈炎或疑似宫颈病变患者采用液基细胞学(LCT)检查及第二代杂交捕获技术(HC2)高危型HPV检测进行宫颈癌筛查,并与组织病理学比较。LCT检查以LCT≥非典型鳞状细胞(ASCUS)/非典型腺细胞(AGUS)为阳性,HC2检测以HC2≥1.0ng·L-1为阳性,任一项结果阳性者行阴道镜下取活检,并以宫颈活检病理结果为确诊金标准。结果 LCT检查对宫颈癌前病变敏感度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值分别为:89.61%、97.08%、27.27%、94.32%,HC2检测对宫颈癌前病变敏感度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值分别为:96.10%、70.03%、43.79%、98.67%;HC2检测的敏感度、阳性预测值及阴性预测值均显著高于LCT检查(P<0.05),但特异度显著低于LCT检查(P<0.05)。LCT联合HC2检测(LCT、HC2任一阳性)阳性符合率为19.54%,HC2检测阳性符合率(阳性预测值)明显高于LCT联合HC2检测(P<0.05)。结论在进行宫颈癌前病变筛查的流程中,将高危型HPV检测作为筛查流程的首筛项目,有助于降低宫颈癌前病变的漏诊率;高危型HPV检测阳性的患者再循流程行LCT,可提高宫颈癌前病变筛查的特异性;高危型HPV检测阴性的患者不必行进一步检查,有助于降低检查成本,避免不必要的浪费。     

人乳头瘤病毒基因分型联合薄层液基细胞学检测筛查宫颈病变的临床应用

目的探讨人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)基因分型联合薄层液基细胞学检测(TCT)筛查宫颈病变的临床应用。方法采用该院导流杂交技术检测452例宫颈疾病患者宫颈细胞内感染21种HPV基因型,TCT作为宫颈癌和癌前病变的细胞学筛查,同时进行阴道镜检查并取组织活检,以宫颈组织病理学结果为确诊标准。结果高危型HPV在452例患者中总检出率为49.3%,其中在212例宫颈组织学阳性患者中的检出率为84.4%,两者均显著高于TCT技术阳性率(P<0.05)。高危型HPV在宫颈上皮内瘤样变(CIN)-Ⅰ、CIN-Ⅱ、CIN-Ⅲ和宫颈癌患者中的感染率分别为76.9%(70/91)、85.9%(61/71)、92.3%(24/26)和100%(24/24),随宫颈病变程度地加重感染率升高。以组织诊断学为标准,高危型HPV与TCT联合检测(平行试验)对CIN、宫颈癌等高级别病变的敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值分别为95.5%、74.6%、77.6%和99.4%,敏感性和阴性预测值均较单独高危HPV及TCT检测显著提高(P<0.01)。结论 HPV基因分型检测联合TCT技术能显著提高敏感性和阴性预测值,更加有效地筛查宫颈癌。     

TCT联合高危型HPV DNA检测及组织学检查对宫颈疾病早期筛查的指导意义

目的研究分析宫颈液基薄层细胞学检查（TCT）联合高危型人乳头状瘤病毒检测（HPV DNA）及组织学活检对宫颈癌及癌前病变检出中的作用。方法选择该院2013年8月—2014年5月进行的1 827例宫颈癌筛查的已婚女性进行TCT液基细胞学检查和HPV DNA检测,对TCT或HPV阳性者进行阴道镜下宫颈活组织检查,并以宫颈组织病理学结果作为确诊标准与TCT及HPV DNA结果进行对照分析。结果 1827例中TCT阳性者226（12.37%）例;HPV DNA检测高危阳性者193例（10.56%）;宫颈活检CINⅠ43例,CINⅡ27例,CINⅢ12例,SCC 15例。结论TCT联合HPV DNA检测及宫颈活检能大大提高宫颈疾病的检出率,对早期筛查具有重要的指导意义。     

三种方法在子宫颈癌及癌前病变筛查中的价值比较

目的:比较三种筛查方法在子宫颈癌及癌前病变诊断中的价值。方法:对191例宫颈病变患者进行高危型人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)检查、液基薄层细胞学(TCT)检查以及高危HPV联合TCT检查,以病理活检为金标准,分析比较其在子宫颈癌及癌前病变诊断中的价值。结果:191例患者病理活检结果显示宫颈上皮正常59例,CIN Ⅰ 21例,CIN Ⅱ 38例,CIN Ⅲ 35例,宫颈癌阳性38例。各年龄组CIN及宫颈癌阳性存在统计学差异(P<0.05),其中年龄为26～35岁组和36～45岁组CIN及宫颈癌阳性率明显大于46～55岁组和>55岁组(P<0.05)。高危HPV检查对子宫颈癌及癌前病变诊断灵敏度、特异度、准确度、阳性预测值和阴性预测值分别为85.60%、79.66%、83.77%、90.40%和71.21%;TCT检查对子宫颈癌及癌前病变诊断灵敏度、特异度、准确度、阳性预测值和阴性预测值分别为84.09%、88.14%、85.34%、94.07%和71.23%;联合检查对子宫颈癌及癌前病变诊断灵敏度、特异度、准确度、阳性预测值和阴性预测值分别为93.18%、93.22%、93.19%、96.85%和85.94%。结论:高危HPV联合TCT检查可提高子宫颈癌及癌前病变诊断信效度。     

高危型HPV检测在CINⅡ-Ⅲ治疗后随访中的意义

目的 探讨高危型人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)在宫颈高级别上皮内瘤变(CINⅡ-Ⅲ)治疗效果及随访中的临床意义.方法 收集85例于行组织活检病理确诊的CINⅡ-Ⅲ患者,于术后3,6,12个月分别对其进行高危型HPV检测和宫颈细胞学检查(TCT).结果 高危型HPV对病变复发或残留的阳性预测值分别为22.7%,40.0%,46.2%,阴性预测值分别为100%,100%,98.6%.术后12个月,高危型HPV检测的灵敏度、阳性预测值及阴性预测值均高于TCT检查.结论 高危型HPV持续阳性是CINⅡ-Ⅲ术后复发的高危人群,应进行更严密的监测,高危型HPV检测是判断CINⅡ-Ⅲ患者的疗效及术后随访的有效指标.     

高危型HPV DNA检测在宫颈病变诊治中意义的分析

目的:对高危型HPV DNA检测应用于宫颈病变诊治中的临床意义进行分析研究.方法:选取322例2014年1月-2017年2月期间来我院妇科门诊就诊的患者,将阴道镜下活检病理作为诊断标准,设置CINⅠ组、CINⅡ组、 CINⅢ组以及宫颈癌组,同时设置正常宫颈组进行对照和宫颈慢性炎症组,对HPV DNA应用杂交捕获的方法进行检测,并比较高危型HPV DNA在各组中的检出率.结果:在CIN各组中高危型HPV DNA检出率均明显高于宫颈正常组;在CINⅢ组中高危型HPV DNA检出率均明显高于CINⅠ组和CINⅡ组;在宫颈癌组中高危型HPV DNA检出率均明显高于宫颈正常组、CINⅠ组以及CINⅡ组,因为P<0.05,组间差异具有统计学意义;高危型HPV DNA检测筛查CINⅢ及以上病变的灵敏度、特异度、阳性预测值以及阴性预测值分别为95.60%、59.31%、48.07%以及97.16%.结论:高危型HPV DNA检测应用于宫颈病变诊治中的临床价值十分显著,值得大力推广.     

TCT联合E6/E7 mRNA检测对宫颈癌前病变的诊断价值

目的探讨TCT联合E6/E7 mRNA检测对宫颈癌前病变的诊断价值。方法选取2017年1月至2018年3月于焦作市人民医院进行宫颈癌筛查的304例患者,以病理活检结果为金标准,比较单独薄层液基细胞学(TCT)检测、HPV E6/E7 mRNA检测以及两者联合检查诊断宫颈癌前病变的敏感度、特异度、阳性预测值和阴性预测值。结果经病理确诊为宫颈癌前病变阳性159例,阴性145例。TCT联合HPV E6/E7 mRNA诊断宫颈癌前病变的敏感度、特异度、阳性预测值和阴性预测值均高于HPV E6/E7 mRNA诊断或TCT诊断,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论 TCT联合HPV E6/E7 mRNA对宫颈癌前病变的诊断价值较高。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.