去势大鼠骨质疏松症的实验研究

１２月龄雌性大鼠２２只，分为２组：实验组切除双侧卵巢，对照组行假手术，１３周后测定两组的血清雌二醇（Ｅ２）、睾酮（Ｔ）、促卵泡刺激素（ＦＳＨ）、黄体生成素（ＬＨ）、钙（Ｃａ）、磷（Ｐ）、碱性磷酸酶（ＡＫＰ）、骨钙素（ＢＧＰ），并行骨生物力学及形态计量学观察。结果表明：实验组Ｅ２、Ｔ、股骨抗弯能力，湿重、干重、灰重及成骨细胞表面均明显降低，ＦＳＨ、ＬＨ、ＡＫＰ、ＢＧＰ及骨吸收表面增高。认为去势鼠骨丢失是由于雌激素缺乏导致骨吸收与骨转换增加所引起     

卵巢切除后大鼠骨小梁形态的实验研究

本实验目的是建立大鼠卵巢切除后骨质疏松模型,分析骨质疏松后小梁节点数减少而游离末端数增加的原因,选用3月龄雌性Wistar大鼠,分OVX和sham组,取大鼠右胫骨干骺端,对骨小梁微构筑进行观察。结论为OVX后骨重建,St,Nd-St区最显,OVX后MAR先升高后降低,这可能是骨质疏松后骨小梁节点数减少而游离末端数增加的原因。     

骨膦抗去势雌鼠骨质疏松研究

切除８月龄雌性大鼠双侧卵巢后，皮下注射骨膦１２周，与单纯卵巢切除组（ＯＶＸ组）、假手术组（ｓｈａｍ组）及口服尼尔雌醇组（Ｅ３组）比较，用骨生物力学、骨密度测量、骨形态计量学等方法对骨膦的药效进行综合评价。结果表明，与ｓｈａｍ组比较，ＯＶＸ组骨灰重、骨干重、骨钙含量及骨密度、抗弯力、骨小梁体积密度、宽度均明显降低，而成骨细胞指数和破骨细胞指数、尿羟脯氨酸则明显增高。骨膦和Ｅ３对上述指标有显著改善作用。     

Basic fibroblast growth factor has rapid bone anabolic effects in ovariectomized rats

Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) has a strong bone anabolic effect in intact and ovariectomized (OVX) rats treated for 7–14 days. Other growth factors such as IGF-I and TGF- have been implicated as potential mediators for this effect. The purpose of this study was to examine the early effects of bFGF therapy, in vivo, on bone formation and gene expression in OVX rats in order to determine whether upregulation of gene expression for IGF-I and/or TGF- precedes or coincides with the stimulatory effects of bFGF on bone formation. At 3 months of age, Sprague Dawley rats were OVX or sham-operated (SHAM), then maintained untreated for 3 months. One group of baseline OVX rats (BSL OVX) and BSL SHAM rats were then killed. Additional OVX groups were treated IV with bFGF at a daily dose of 200 g/kg and killed at 1–7 and 10 days. Another group of OVX rats was treated IV with vehicle daily for 10 days, then killed. Lumbar vertebrae were processed for cancellous bone histomorphometry or RNA isolation. Ovariectomy induced increased cancellous bone turnover and a significant decrease in vertebral bone mass. Treatment of OVX rats with bFGF resulted in a significant increase in bone formation. As early as 24 h after bFGF treatment of OVX rats, osteoblast surface, osteoid surface, and osteoid volume were more than double those in BSL OVX rats and continued to increase with time. These variables were also significantly higher in bFGF-treated OVX rats at 10 days compared with vehicle-treated OVX rats. Gene expression for IGF-I was not different between BSL OVX rats and bFGF-treated OVX rats at 1 day, but was significantly higher by approximately 50% in OVX rats treated with bFGF for 2 and 7 days, and was also significantly higher by nearly 75% in OVX rats treated for 10 days compared with OVX rats treated with vehicle. Gene expression for TGF-₁ was unchanged at early times and only significantly upregulated by a relatively modest 30% in OVX rats treated with bFGF for 10 days. The results indicate that the bone anabolic effects of bFGF in OVX rats begin as early as 24 h following the initial treatment, and increase with time. These early stages of the strong stimulatory effect of bFGF on bone formation were not associated with a large upregulation of gene expression for IGF-I and TGF-. The rapid increase in osteoblast surface in bFGF-treated OVX rats suggests that the growth factor induces conversion of bone lining cells to osteoblasts.     

芪藿肾宝与己烯雌酚对去卵巢大鼠骨代谢的影响

用３月龄去卵巢ＳＤ大鼠为模型，４．５ｍｇ．Ｌ－１己烯雌酚（ＤＥＳ）按５ｍｌ·ｋｇ－１ｉｇ，３３０ｇ·Ｌ－１的芪藿肾宝（含淫羊蕾，黄芪，白术）按５ｍｌ·ｋｇ－１ｉｇ，每周６次，持续１２周，胫骨近端不脱钙骨片测量。结果：己烯雌酚仅部分抑制去卵巢后的骨高转换，未能完全预防小梁骨的丢失（（％Ｔｂ．Ａｒ－２８％）；芪藿肾宝能完全预防去卵巢大鼠的骨质疏松，其作用机理同样是抑制去卵巢后的骨高转换，但以抑制骨吸收为主，从而防止了骨质疏松的发生。     

Parathyroid hormone monotherapy and cotherapy with antiresorptive agents restore vertebral bone mass and strength in aged ovariectomized rats

Previous studies have shown that parathyroid hormone (PTH) monotherapy and cotherapy with estrogen or risedronate augment vertebral bone mass and bone strength in young, ovariectomized (OVX) rats. The current study was designed to determine whether PTH has similar bone anabolic effects in aged OVX rats at a much later stage of estrogen depletion. Female Sprague Dawley rats were subjected to sham surgery or bilateral ovariectomy at three months of age and maintained untreated for one year after surgery to allow for the development of vertebral osteopenia in OVX rats. Groups of baseline control and OVX rats were sacrificed at the end of this pretreatment period. The remaining OVX rats were then treated for ten weeks with vehicle, antiresorptive agents alone (estrogen, risedronate, or calcitonin), or PTH alone. Other groups of OVX rats were treated concurrently with PTH and each of the antiresorptive agents. The first and fourth lumbar vertebral bodies were processed undecalcified for quantitative bone histomorphometry and biomechanical testing, respectively. As expected, bone mass and compressive strength were decreased in the lumbar vertebral body of baseline OVX rats compared to baseline control rats. This bone loss was associated with decreases in trabecular number and width and an increase in trabecular separation. Treatment with estrogen, risedronate, or calcitonin alone failed to reverse the changes in bone mass, structure, and strength induced by ovariectomy. In contrast, treatment of OVX rats with PTH alone restored vertebral cancellous bone volume and ash density to the level of vehicle-treated control rats and increased vertebral maximum load, stress, and normalized load to well above this level. The hormone significantly increased trabecular width, but not number, in the lumbar vertebral body of OVX rats. Concurrent treatments with PTH and the antiresorptive agents did not augment cancellous bone and biomechanical competence to a greater, or lesser, extent than treatment with PTH alone. Compressive strength correlated significantly with bone mass and trabecular width in the lumbar vertebral body. These results indicate that PTH completely restores lost bone mass and improves bone strength in the vertebral body of aged OVX rats with established osteopenia. With our previous study in younger OVX rats, the current study demonstrates that the anabolic effect of PTH is independent of age and the stage of estrogen depletion in the rat skeleton.     

Short-term effects of organic silicon on trabecular bone in mature ovariectomized rats

Summary Silicon is known to ensure an essential role in the formation of cross-links between collagen and proteoglycans during bone growth. In this study, we have evaluated the short-term effects of a preventive treatment with silanol, a soluble organic silicon (Si), on trabecular bone in mature ovariectomized rats. Three-month-old rats were shamoperated (sham) or were ovariectomized (OVX) and treated with 10 g/kg/day of 170 estradiol (E2), or with 0.1 mg Si/kg/day or 1.0 mg Si/kg/day of silanol for 1 month. Plasma alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin levels were increased by 50% in OVX rats compared with sham rats and were corrected by E2 but not by silanol treatment. The trabecular bone volume measured at the tibial metaphysis was decreased by 48%, and histomorphometric indices of bone resorption and formation were increased in OVX rats compared with sham, and these parameters were corrected by E2 treatment. Treatment of OVX rats with silanol decreased the osteoclast surface by 31% and the number of osteoclasts by 20%. The mineral apposition rate, the bone formation rate, and the osteoblast surface at the tibia metaphyseal area were increased by 30% at the higher dose of silanol compared with OVX rats. In contrast, silanol treatment had no effect on the periosteal apposition rate. The reduction of the metaphyseal bone resorption and the increased bone formation induced by silanol resulted in a slight improvement of the trabecular bone volume (+ 14%) compared with controls. The results indicate that a short-term preventive treatment with the organic silicon silanol partially prevented the trabecular bone loss in mature OVX rats by reducing bone resorption and increasing bone formation, possibly through stimulatory effects on the formation and/or the stability of the organic bone matrix.     

Vitamin D metabolites prevent vertebral osteopenia in ovariectomized rats

Summary The present study investigated the prophylactic effects of vitamin D metabolites and vitamin D metabolite combinations on static and dynamic, tetracycline-based, histomorphometric parameters in the axial skeleton of ovariectomized rats. Forty-three Fischer-344 rats (10 weeks old, 130 g each body weight, BW) were either bilaterally ovariectomized (OVX) or sham-operated (SHAM). The rats were allocated into the following groups: SHAM; OVX; OVX+7.5 ng 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D₃ [1,25(OH)₂D₃]/rat/day; OVX +15 ng 1,24R,25-trihydroxyvitamin D₃ [1,24,25-(OH)₃D₃]/rat/day; OVX+75 ng 24R,25-dihydroxyvitamin D₃ [24,25(OH)₂D₃]/rat/day; OVX+7.5 ng 1,25(OH)₂D₃/rat/ day+15 ng 1,24,25(OH)₃D₃/rat/day; OVX+7.5 ng 1,25(OH)₂D₃/rat/day+75 ng 24,25(OH)₂D₃/rat/day. The vitamin D metabolites were fed orally starting 4 weeks after surgery. Urine and blood samples were collected 12 and 16 weeks postovariectomy, respectively. Sixteen weeks after surgery, all rats were sacrificed, and the first lumbar vertebrae were processed undecalcified for histomorphometric analysis. Ovariectomy induced a highly significant reduction (P<0.001) of cancellous bone mass in the secondary spongiosa of the lumbar vertebral body. The bone loss in OVX rats was accompanied by a distinct elevation of all histomorphometric parameters of bone formation and resorption. 1,25(OH)₂D₃ and both vitamin D metabolite combinations significantly raised serum calcium levels and prevented the bone loss by inhibiting the increased bone resorption in OVX rats. In the applied dosage, 1,24,25(OH)₃D₃ and 24,25(OH)₂D₃ alone were ineffective in preserving the cancellous bone of the lumbar vertebra in OVX rats. We conclude that the oral prophylactic application of low doses of active vitamin D metabolites can effectively prevent the osteopenia induced by ovariectomy in the axial skeleton of the rat.     

Catabolic and anabolic phases of osteodystrophy in aged rats

The aims of this study were to investigate the incidence and characteristics of osteodystrophy that occurred in rats which were maintained until death without experimental intervention. We defined and characterized catabolic and anabolic phases of osteodystrophy, based on the morphology of the cortical bone. During the catabolic phase, large resorption cavities appeared within the cortical bone. During the anabolic phase, progressively increased amounts of new bone was formed, which partially or completely filled previous resorption cavities and also extended into the medullary space. Contrary to previous experimental studies of renal failure in rats, which documented suppression of bone formation, the present studies found that the majority of rats displayed evidence of an anabolic phase with extensive new bone formation. The new bone originated within and around fibers that had formed adjacent to bone trabeculae or within resorption cavities. Hence, osteitis fibrosa was a preliminary stage to de novo bone formation. There was an association between the incidence of osteodystrophy and kidney failure as the cause of death, and it is proposed that the observed osteodystrophy had been a consequence of secondary hyperparathyroidism due to renal failure.     

Temporal relationship between bone loss and increased bone turnover in ovariectomized rats

Summary To characterize osteopenic changes in ovariectomized (OVX) rats as a function of time, female Sprague Dawley rats (240 g body weight, 90 days old) were subjected to bilateral ovariectomy or sham surgery and killed at various times from 14–180 days postovariectomy. The proximal tibial metaphysis was processed undecalcified for quantitative bone histomorphometry. Osteopenia and increased indices of bone resorption and formation were detected in OVX rats as early as 14 days. Longitudinal bone growth was also significantly increased by ovariectomy at 14 days, but returned to control levels at all later times. In OVX rats, osteopenia became progressively more pronounced with time up to 100 days postovariectomy, after which trabecular bone volume appeared to stabilize at the markedly reduced level of 5%. Changes in osteoclast surface, osteoblast surface, and fluoro-chrome-based indices of bone formation in OVX rats followed a similar time course. The maximal increase in these parameters occurred during the first several months postovariectomy followed by a gradual decline toward control levels. Our results indicate that the initial rapid phase of bone loss in OVX rats is coincident with the maximal increase in bone turnover. At later times postovariectomy, bone loss and bone turnover both subside. These findings emphasize the close temporal association between the development of osteopenia and increased bone turnover in OVX rats.     

Skeletal alterations in ovariectomized rats

Summary Female Sprague Dawley rats were subjected to either bilateral ovariectomy or sham surgery. Tetracycline derivatives were administered to each rat on two separate occasions to label sites of bone formation. All rats were sacrificed at 5 weeks postovariectomy and their proximal tibiae were processed undecalcified for quantitative bone histomorphometry. A twofold decrease in trabecular bone volume was noted in the proximal tibial metaphysis of ovariectomized rats. This bone loss was associated with elevated histomorphometric indices of bone resorption and formation. Ovariectomy increased osteoclast surface and numbers as well as osteoblast surface and numbers. Elevations in calcification rate and fractional trabecular bone surface with double tetracycline labels also suggest that bone formation was stimulated in ovariectomized rats. In addition, ovariectomized rats exhibited a greater rate of longitudinal bone growth relative to sham-operated control rats. These histomorphometric data indicate that ovariectomy induces marked bone loss and accelerated skeletal metabolism in rats.     

Cancellous bone resorption in the proximal ilium of the ovariectomized rat

Summary Bone histomorphometry was performed on the proximal ilium of mature Sprague-Dawley rats following ovariectomy, and these rats were compared with sham-operated controls. Bone volume per unit tissue volume (BV/TV), osteoid surface, and the depth and extent of eroded cavities were measured in animals killed at intervals after operation. The rate of bone loss and the mean osteoid surface in the proximal ilium of the ovariectomized rats was significantly greater than that of the control rats over a 210-day postoperative period. The eroded surface and mean trabecular thickness in the proximal ilium of the ovariectomized rats were not significantly different from that of the control rats, and therefore failed to explain the difference in the rate of bone loss. The distribution of the depths of trabecular eroded cavities in the ilium of ovariectomized rats was different from that in the control rats. The loss of trabecular bone mass in the proximal ilium of ovariectomized, mature rats appeared due to increased activity of individual osteoclasts, rather than to increased osteoclast numbers and thinning of trabeculae.     

Skeletal effects of calcitonin treatment and withdrawal in ovariectomized rats

The study was designed to determine, by histomorphometric techniques, bone changes as a function of time during long-term treatment with salmon calcitonin (CT) and after withdrawal of the hormone in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. Groups of OVX rats were treated with vehicle alone or CT on alternate days for 30, 60, or 90 days. Additional groups of sham-operated control rats were treated with vehicle alone. Rats from each of the three groups were sacrificed at each time point. All treatments in the remaining rats were then terminated at 90 days, followed by sacrifice of rats from each group at 30 and 60 days after withdrawal of vehicle or CT treatment. The proximal tibia from each animal was processed undecalcified for quantitative bone histomorphometry. Compared with control rats, the proximal tibiae of vehicle-treated OVX rats were characterized by cancellous osteopenia and significant increases in osteoclast surface, osteoblast surface, mineralizing surface, mineral apposition rate, and bone formation rate. CT treatment of OVX rats partially prevented cancellous bone loss by approximately 50% and significantly decreased most of the above indices of bone turnover relative to vehicle-treated OVX rats. However, soon after withdrawal of CT, OVX rats previously treated with the hormone exhibited rapid loss of cancellous bone associated with increased bone turnover. These results in an animal model of estrogen depletion suggest that early postmenopausal women who are withdrawn from prophylactic CT treatment may be at high risk for subsequent bone loss.     

双侧卵巢切除大鼠不同时间段骨形态计量学参数的观察

目的观察去卵巢大鼠骨质疏松模型复制情况并动态观察去卵巢后不同时间段骨丢失情况，为抗骨质疏松药物研究提供对照依据。方法4．5月龄SD雌性大鼠，按体重随机分组，大鼠摘除双侧卵巢；在实验的第0d（4．5月龄）、4w（5．5月龄）、12w（7、5月龄）、18w（9．5月龄）杀死大鼠取材；采用体内双荧光标记法，胫骨上段硬组织包埋切片及松质骨形态计量学分析处理，观察去卵巢后不同时间段骨丢失情况。结果大鼠去卵巢4w后骨量显著降低，骨结构变差，骨形成有增加，骨吸收增加，骨吸收大于骨形成，骨转换增加。去卵巢12w后，大鼠骨量进一步降低，骨小梁宽度先变窄（4w）后变宽（8、12、18w），骨形成和骨吸收均增加，去卵巢后大鼠在前一个月内（4w）骨量（Tb．Ar％）降低64．18％，差异有显著性（P〈0．05）。结论大鼠去卵巢4w后骨量降低，骨结构变差，骨形成和骨吸收增加，骨转换增加，去卵巢12w到18w骨量持续丢失，但较缓和，提示去卵巢后骨丢失在前4。最快更明显。因此，用于药物研究可选择去卵巢后4w时间进行。     

去卵巢大鼠骨组成成分的改变

目的观察切除双侧卵巢后大鼠骨组成成分的改变。方法将27只健康4月龄雌性SD大鼠随机分成3组：正常对照组，假去卵巢组和去卵巢组；于切除卵巢后80d，同时将各组动物处死，测其骨矿盐含量，用ICP测其骨元素含量。结果切除双侧卵巢的大鼠骨无机质含量、无机质/cm^3、无机质占骨干重％等均显著减少（P〈0．01），而有机质占骨干重％、有机质，无机质的比值显著升高（P〈0．01）；骨元素Ca、S、Mg、Mn显著减少（P〈0．01）；Zn减少（P〈0．05），C0有减少趋势（P〉0．05）。骨磷显著增加（P〈0．05）。结论切除卵巢后引起骨组成成分特征性的改变。     

切除卵巢对骨基质明胶修复大鼠颅骨缺损成骨效能的影响

目的　探讨实验性骨质疏松状态对骨基质明胶修复骨缺损成骨效能的影响。方法　将 6 8只雌性SD大鼠随机分为去卵巢组和对照组。 90d后两组各抽取 10只测定骨密度以确定骨质疏松模型的建立。其余 4 8只大鼠制备直径 8mm颅骨极量骨缺损并同期植入骨基质明胶颗粒。植入术后 2 1和 5 6d两组每次分别处死 12只大鼠 ,通过不脱钙组织磨片、四环素荧光示踪及骨组织计量学动态参数测定、扫描电镜和X射线显微分析技术观察骨缺损区修复情况。结果　骨密度测定指标显示 ,去卵巢 90d后骨质疏松状态建立。骨基质明胶植入术后 2 1d ,均有新骨在两实验组骨缺损内形成 ,去卵巢组新骨形成较少 ,四环素标记成骨区域较稀疏。植入术后 5 6d ,对照组骨缺损基本修复 ,去卵巢组骨缺损部分区域为纤维结缔组织充填。植入术后 2 1d、5 6d荧光双标间距和平均矿化沉积速率均较对照组低 ,差异有统计学意义 (P <0 0 1)。骨缺损区新生骨痂的钙磷比值定量分析 ,去卵巢组均低于对照组 ,差异有统计学意义 (2 1d :0 4 892± 0 0 342、0 5 4 75± 0 0 2 0 4 ,P <0 0 1;5 6d :1 0 95 0± 0 0 4 37、1 195 5± 0 0 4 6 3,P <0 0 1)。结论　实验性骨质疏松降低了骨基质明胶的成骨效能。雌激素可能在生物骨替代材料参与的骨重建中发挥重要     

Relationships between bone structure in the iliac crest and bone structure and strength in the lumbar spine

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between histomorphometric variables of cancellous bone structure and ultimate compressive strength (UCS) in the second lumbar vertebra (L2) and to determine whether structural variables in the iliac crest are predictive of the same variables and of UCS in L2. At autopsy, 7.5 mm diameter cores were removed from the iliac crest and from L2 of 29 subjects who had died suddenly without bone disease. Cancellous bone volume (BV/TV, %) was significantly lower in L2 than in iliac crest due to lower trabecular number (Tb.N, per mm) and thickness (Tb.Th, µm). There were significant correlations between iliac crest and L2 for BV/TV, Tb.N and trabecular separation (Tb.Sp, µm), but not for Tb.Th. BV/TV was negatively correlated, and Tb.Sp was positively correlated with age at both sites. Tb.Th was not significantly correlated with age in the iliac crest, but a significant negative correlation was observed in L2. The UCS of vertebral cores was negatively correlated with age. BV/TV and Tb.Th in L2 were positively correlated with UCS in L2. Cortical width and BV/TV in iliac crest were positively correlated with UCS in L2. We conclude that: (1) cancellous bone volume in the iliac crest is higher than in the lumbar spine due to thicker, more closely spaced trabecular plates, (2) the changes in structural variables with age are generally similar in the iliac crest and lumbar vertebra, but trabecular thinning with age is more evident in the spine than in the ilium, and (3) the compressive strength of cancellous bone in the lumbar spine is correlated with histomorphometric variables of bone structure, as measured both in the lumbar spine and in the iliac crest.     

Bone blood flow and In vitro proliferation of bone marrow and trabecular bone osteoblast-like cells in ovariectomized rats

Summary Ovariectomy in the rat induces a rapid osteopenia associated with an elevated bone turnover. One hundred and twenty-day-old rats were ovariectomized (OVX) or sham-operated (n=6–8 per group and per time period studied). ⁴⁵Ca accretion rate and bone blood flow (microspheres trapping technique) in the femurs were determined at 28, 42, 84, and 119 days after ovariectomy. Both parameters were markedly increased by 84 days and subsided thereafter. At the 42nd day, when bone turnover was maximal, bone marrow and trabecular bone cultures were obtained from shamoperated and ovariectomized animals (n=10/group). Proliferation rate of bone marrow cells and trabecular osteoblast-like cells estimated by fibroblast colony-forming units (FCFU) efficiency and cell counting was markedly increased in primary and secondary cultures in ovariectomy. These data fitted well with the enhanced number of osteoblasts observed in situ in the long bone metaphyses of estrogen-depleted animals. As estrogens were shown in the literature to inhibit proliferation of the red cell line and of other hemopoietic lines, it is possible that estrogens, through a general mechanism, inhibit hemopoietic and stromal lines and also the proliferation of bone marrow-derived trabecular bone cells.     

Early period of fracture healing in ovariectomized rats

Objective. To evaluate the effect of osteoporosis on fracture healing through observing the hlstomorphological changes, bone mineral density of callus and expression and distribution of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1 ), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)and bone morphogenetic protein.2 (BMP-2) in ovariectomized rats. Methods. Sixty female Sprague-Dawley rats ( aged 12 weeks and weighing 235 g on average ) were randomly divided into an ovariectomized (OVX) group (n =30) anda sham-operated (SO) group ( n = 30). Ovariectomy was performed in the OVX rats and same incision was made in the SO rats. Three months later, fracture of femoral shaft was made on all the rats. Then they were killed at different time points. Callus formation was observed with histological and imethods. Results: A reduction in callus and bone mineral density in the healing femur and a decrease of osteoblasts expressing TGF-β1 near the bone trabecula were observed in the OVX rats 3-4 weeks after fracture.Histomorphological analysis revealed a higher content of soft callus in the OVX rats than that in the SO rats.Immunohistochemistry results showed that no remarkable difference in expression and distribution of BMP-2 and bFGF between the OVX and SO groups was found. Conclusions: Osteoporosis influences the quantity and quality of callus during the early period of fracture healing. The effect of osteoporosis on fracture healing has no relationship with the expression of BMP-2 or bFGF. The decreased expression of TGF-I31 in osteoblasts may cause a decrease in quality of facture healing after osteoporosis.     

人参水煎剂防治去卵巢大鼠骨量丢失的骨形态计量学观察

目的 探讨人参水煎剂对去卵巢大鼠骨量丢失的骨形态学改变及其预防作用。方法4.5月龄SD雌性大鼠,按体重随机分为基础组、假手术组、去卵巢组、已烯雌酚阳性用药组、人参低剂量用药组、人参高剂量用药组,共给药10周,取胫骨上段骨组织包埋,不脱钙骨切片,用全自动图像分析仪及松质骨形态计量学软件进行测量和分析,观察人参对骨形态计量学参数的影响。结果 去卵巢10周后骨量丢失和破骨细胞活性、骨形成及骨转换率增加,差异有显著性(P<0.01)。低剂量的人参能使骨量增加26.6％,高剂量能使骨量增加35.1％,高低两剂量人参能使大鼠的骨吸收和骨转换率均下降,差异有显著性(P<0.01或0.05),不抑制藕联的骨形成。结论去卵巢大鼠骨量丢失,骨转换率增高,出现明显的骨质疏松;已烯雌酚(10μg·kg-1·d-1)能抑制骨吸收,也抑制骨形成。人参有增加骨量的趋势,增加骨形成,并对子宫无刺激作用,有弱的预防去卵巢大鼠的骨量丢失作用。