Über ärztliche Ethik

Ohne ZusammenfassungMeinem verehrten Lehrer, Herrn Prof. Dr. med. Dr. jur. h. c. Dr. med. vet. h. c. V.Müller-Hess zum 70. Geburtstag.     

Book Reviews

Protection of the public in the event of radiation accidewrs. Proceedings of a Seminar, jointly sponsored by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, by IAEA and by the World Health Organization. 370 pages. WHO, Geneva 1965. Price: 37 shillings 6 pence

Accuracy in measurements and calibrations 1965. Technical Note 262. Ed. by W. A. Wildhack, R. C. Powell and H. L. Mason. 145 pages, 66 diagrams. National Bureau of Standards, U.S. Department of Commerce, Washington 1965. Price: 1.00 dollar

Current topics in radiation research. Vol. 1. Edit. by M. Ebert and A. Howard. 272 pages, 7 figures and 9 tables. Ncrth Holland Publishing Comp., Amsterdam 1965. Price: 30 guilders     

Evaluation of a newly discovered water suppression pulse sequence for high-field in vivo 1H surface coil NMR spectroscopy

The use of a water-suppressing spin-echo pulse sequence reported recently (V. Sklenar and A. Bax, J. Magn. Reson. 74, 469 (1987); M. von Kienlin, M. DeCorps, J. P. Albrand, M. F. Foray, and P. Blondet, J. Magn. Reson. 76, 169 (1987)) was evaluated for in vivo brain proton surface coil NMR spectroscopy. The studies were performed on cat brain using surface coils at 4.7 T. The sequence produced brain spectra with adequate water suppression, and a broader excitation profile than sequences which form spin echoes using 1331 pulses (P. J. Hore, J. Magn. Reson. 54, 539 (1983); H. P. Hetherington, M. J. Avison, and R. G. Shulman, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 82, 3115 (1985)). The phase artifacts were smaller than those produced in 1331 methods, but theoretical analysis showed they should not be completely absent. The effectiveness of lengthening the spin-echo delay in the new sequence for suppression of unwanted lipid resonances was demonstrated. The sequence was shown to be capable of detecting lactate formation and clearance in a global cerebral ischemia experiment.     

Environmental Mutagen Society symposium on 'Risks of low dose, low dose rate exposures of ionizing radiation to humans'

The Symposium, held in Vancouver, Canada, on 17 - 21 September 2006, was organized by the Environmental Mutagen Society, and it was their 37th Annual Meeting. Sessions were chaired by Drs W. F. Morgan and J. L. Schwartz, and papers were presented by Drs R.C. von Borstel, D. J. Brenner, J. L. Redpath, B. E. Erickson and A.L. Brooks.     

Über Leichenveränderungen,autolytische, Fäulnis- und Verwesungsvorgänge

Ohne ZusammenfassungReferat, bestimmt für die 13. Tagung der Dtsch. Ges. f. gerichtl. u. soz. Med. Sept. 1923.     

Evaluation of digital subtraction angiography, ultrasonography and Doppler velocimetry versus conventional angiography in the femoral bifurcation

Thirty patients were examined by 4 procedures, conventional angiography (C.A.), peripheric intravenous digital subtraction angiography (D.S.A.), ultrasonography and Doppler on femoral artery bifurcation. These arteries are divided into several sections on which findings were classified into three or five categories. There is an excellent correlation between conventional and digital angiograms. Various results of D.S.A. versus C.A. were obtained in 2% of these sections. More differences were noticed between C.A. and Doppler (7%), C.A. and ultrasonography (10%). There is a positive correlation of D.S.A. versus C.A. With Doppler and ultrasonography, arterial map is difficult to establish especially in case of many stenoses of the iliac arteries or thrombosis on femoral superficialis arteries.     

Untersuchungen über die psychische Komponente bei der Kohabitationsfähigkeit

Ohne ZusammenfassungVorgetragen auf der Tagung der D. Ges. f. ger. u. soz. Med. in Erlangen. September 1921.     

1st Scientific Meeting of the Association of Radiobiologists of the Euratom Countries Rapallo,Italy. 14–16 December 1961

Summary

The response of cultured CHO cells to U.V.L. irradiation during treatment with anisotonic solutions shows that treatment with hypotonic sucrose, NaCl or KCl solutions causes an increase in the cellular U.V.L. sensitivity, while exposure to hypertonic solutions causes a large decrease in U.V.L. sensitivity. Cells exposed to 1·8 M sucrose, NaCl or KCl solutions and given a U.V.L. dose of 252 erg/mm² towards the end of the 20 min solution exposure time have survival levels which are respectively 228, 26, and 23 times higher than the controls, i.e. cells irradiated in phosphate buffered saline.

Cell volume data obtained using a Coulter counter, and nuclear area data of attached cells obtained using an optical microscope with a micrometer reticle, show that cell and nuclear size are related to U.V.L. sensitivity. That is, as cells shrink and the nuclear area decreases, the cells become more U.V.L.-resistant. During hypotonic treatment with 0·1 M NaCl, the cell volume, nuclear area and U.V.L. sensitivity increased in the first 2 to 4 min of exposure time, but at longer exposure times (greater than 3 to 4 min), cell volume, nuclear area and cellular U.V.L. sensitivity decreased. For 0·1 M KCl treatment the cells initially displayed a rapid increase in volume, nuclear area and U.V.L. sensitivity, but at the longer exposure times no decrease in cell and nuclear size were observed, and a slight increase in U.V.L. sensitivity occurred. Changes in U.V.L. sensitivity were related to changes in nuclear size and cell volume; however, calculations showed that during hypertonic treatment there is an ionic effect as well as an osmotic effect. That is, the cellular U.V.L. survival in equal hypertonic concentrations of NaCl or KCl was lower than in the same concentration of sucrose.     

温控型胰岛素液体肛门栓在糖尿病模型兔体内的药动学研究

目的考察温控型胰岛素液体肛门栓在四氧嘧啶致糖尿病兔体内的药动学。方法 36只糖尿病兔随机分成6组,对照组分别给生理氯化钠溶液和空白栓剂,实验组分别进行单剂量低、中、高剂量和肌注给药,用增强化学发光免疫法测定糖尿病兔体内的血清胰岛素浓度;并与皮下给药、空白对照、辅料对照组进行比较,计算主要药动学参数。结果 Cmax低、中、高剂量组和皮下注射组分别为：（109.7±36.6）、（115.2±28.1）、（151.3±40.3）、（151.8±27.4）μIU·ml-1;Tmax低、中、高剂量组和皮下注射组分别为：（90.0±21.2）、（90.0±18.9）、（78.0±24.0）、（108.0±18.5）min;AUC0-t低、中、高剂量组和皮下注射组分别为：（19 406.9±3751.7）、（23 863.7±1203.8）、（27 128.2±9200.2）、（29 624.5±3640.4）μIU·min·ml-1;相对生物利用度低、中、高剂量组分别为32.86%、20.20%、15.31%。结论温控型胰岛素液体肛门栓在糖尿病兔体内吸收良好。     

über Blutungen im Lungengewebe bei Neugeborenen

Ohne ZusammenfassungVorgetragen auf der XIV. Tagung der Dtsch. Ges. f. gerichtl. u. soz. Med. in Bonn, September 1925.     

Über Leichendaktyloskopie nach Verlust der Epidermis an den Fingerbeeren

Ohne ZusammenfassungVorgetragen auf der 17. Tagung der Dtsch. Ges. f. Gerichtl. u. Soz. Med. in Hamburg, September 1928.     

Ein Fall von kombiniertem Selbstmord mittels Arsenik und Leuchtgas

Ohne ZusammenfassungVorgetragen auf der XIV. Tagung der Dtsch. Ges. f. gerichtl. u. soz. Med. in Bonn, September 1925.`     

Einkeilung von Fragmenten als diagnostisches Hilfsmittel bei der gerichtsärztlichen Beurteilung von Schädelbrüchen durch stumpfe Gewalt

Ohne ZusammenfassungMit 3 Textabbildungen.Vorgetragen auf der Tagung der D. Ges. f. ger. u. soz. Med. in Erlangen, September 1921.     

Dosimetry of iodine 131 metaiodobenzylguanidine for treatment of resistant neuroblastoma: results of a UK study

In 1987, the United Kingdom Children's Cancer Study Group (UKCCSG) set up a multi-centre study to investigate the toxicity of iodine 131 metaiodobenzyl-guanidine (mIBG) in the treatment of resistant neuroblastoma. Since December 1987, 25 children suffering from neuroblastoma have been treated with¹³¹I-mIBG at six UK centres. All centres followed standardised physics and clinical protocols to provide consistent toxicity and dosimetry data. These protocols describe the methods employed for both the tracer study using¹³¹I-mIBG and the subsequent therapy. Whole-body dosimetry calculations were performed on data from the tracer study. The activity administered for therapy was the amount predicted to deliver a predefined whole-body dose. Estimates of doses delivered to various organs during treatment are given in Table 1.On behalf of the mIBG Targetting Group of the United Kingdom Children's Cancer Study Group (UKCCSG), University of Leicester, Leicester, UK:Members of the mIBG Targetting Group: Christie Hospital, Manchester- P. Nuttall, S. Owens (Physics), H.R. Gattamaneni (Radiotherapy); Cookridge Hospital, Leeds - M. Sheppard, S. Packar (Physics), S. Cartright, R. Taylor (Radiotherapy); Newcastle General Hospital - A. Simpson, P. Bartholomew (Physics), H. Lucraft (Radiotherapy); Medical School, University of Newcastle upon Tyne - A. Pearson (Paediatric Oncology); Royal Hospital for Sick Children, Edinburgh - T. Eden (Paediatric Oncology); Royal Manchester Childrens' Hospital - P. Morris-Jones (Paediatric Oncology); Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton - R. Ott, M. Rosenbloom (Physics), S. Meller, R. Corbett, R. Pinkerton (Paediatric Oncology); Royal South Hants Hospital, Southampton - V. Hall (Radiotherapy); Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne - A. Craft (Paediatrics); Southampton General Hospital - G. Blake, M. Tristam (Physics), J. Kohler (Paediatric Oncology), V. Lewington (Nuclear Medicine); St Bartholomews Hospital, London - K. Britton, L. Hawkins (Nuclear Medicine), J. Kingston, J. Moyes (Paediatric Oncology), J. Malpas (Oncology), N. Plowman (Radiotherapy); Western General Hospital, Edinburgh - J. Hannan (Physics), M. Merrick (Nuclear Medicine), A. Rodger (Radiotherapy); Western Infirmary, Glasgow - T. Hilditch (Physics), A. Barrett (Radiotherapy), T. Wheldon, J. O'Donoghue (Radiobiology); Amersham International, Bucks-R. Bayly; UKCCSG Offices, Leicester-J. Barnes.     

Population genetics of Y-chromosome STRs in a population of Northern Greeks

Seventeen Y STR loci were typed in a population sample of 191 unrelated male individuals from Northern Greece. Haplotypes are presented for the following loci: DYS456, DYS389I, DYS390, DYS389II, DYS458, DYS19, DYS385a/b, DYS393, DYS391, DYS439, DYS635, DYS392, Y GATA H4, DYS437, DYS438 and DYS448. The overall haplotype diversity was 0.9992. This database study provides significant additional information for the application of Y-chromosomal STRs to forensic identification efforts in Greece by nearly doubling both the number of individuals and the number of Y-loci typed from Greek populations. These samples have been previously typed for autosomal STRs [L. Kovatsi, T.J. Parsons, R.S. Just, J.A. Irwin, Genetic variation for 15 autosomal STR loci (PowerPlex 16) in a population sample from northern Greece, Forensic Sci. Int. 159 (2006) 61–63] and the mitochondrial DNA control region [J. Irwin, J. Saunier, K. Strouss, C. Paintner, T. Diegoli, K. Sturk, L. Kovatsi, A. Brandstatter, M.A. Cariolou, W. Parson, T.J. Parsons, Mitochondrial control region sequences from northern Greece and Greek Cypriots, Int. J. Legal Med. 122 (2008) 87–89].     

蓝黄视野联合图形视觉电生理检查在原发性开角型青光眼早期诊断中应用

目的探讨蓝黄视野和图形视觉电生理检查在原发性开角型青光眼早期诊断中的敏感性,为临床早期诊断提供依据。方法选择36例(52眼)可疑青光眼患者和32例(54眼)正常对照者进行蓝黄视野(B/YP)、图形视网膜点图(P-ERG)和图形视网膜诱发电位(P-VEP)检查。B/YP采用Humphrey-750型全自动电脑视野计进行检查,P-ERG和P-VEP采用RETIscan和RETI-port视觉电生理检查系统进行检测。结果 (1)可疑青光眼组中全视网膜光敏度均值为(16.39±3.26)d B,正常对照组的全视网膜光敏度均值为(21.65±2.14)d B,两组比较,差异有显著统计学意义(t=3.62,P<0.01)。可疑青光眼组的平均缺损值为(4.32±2.18)d B,正常组的平均缺损值为(2.85±1.83)d B,两组比较,差异有显著统计学意义(t=2.45,P<0.05)。(2)可疑青光眼组的N95振幅值为(8.16±2.53)μV,峰时值为(96.75±11.29)ms,正常对照组的N95振幅值为(9.82±2.25)μV,峰时值为(91.43±9.63)ms。振幅值与峰时值两组间比较,差异均有显著统计学意义(t=4.69,t=3.15,P<0.01)。(3)可疑青光眼组P100振幅为(8.73±2.54)μV,正常组的振幅为(10.58±2.26)μV。两组比较,差异有显著统计学意义(t=3.48,P<0.01)。可疑青光眼组P100的潜伏期为(102.36±3.29)ms,正常对照组的潜伏期为(98.28±2.75)ms,两组比较,差异有显著统计学意义(t=2.24,P<0.05)。结论 B/YP检查能发现白/白视野(W/WP)尚不能检出的视野缺损,PERG和PVEP对青光眼的早期变化有较高的敏感性,蓝黄视野检查联合图形视觉电生理对原发性开角型青光眼的早期诊断有较高的应用价值。     

肾脏常规皮质髓质CT平扫及增强扫描与肾功能的相关性研究

目的 探讨肾脏常规皮质、髓质CT平扫与增强扫描与肾小球滤过率(GFR)的关系.方法 回顾性分析35例单侧肾后性梗阻性肾积水患者16层螺旋CT平扫与增强皮质期影像.以SPECT的GFR为参考标准,将35例患者按照肾功能结果分为4组:正常组,轻、中、重度肾功能损害组.测量计算患肾肾皮、髓质增强程度及各项比值.采用单因素方差分析比较上述指标的差异,采用Pearson法与GFR进行相关性分析.结果 肾功能正常组及轻、中、重度受损组患肾肾皮质增强程度(CT皮增-CT皮平)分别为(154.98±28.70)、(122.67±39.32)、(81.30±32.94)和(57.60±23.49)HU、增强后患侧与健侧皮质的CT值比值(CT患皮/CT健皮)分别为0.97±0.09、0.79±0.18、0.64±0.24和0.51±0.13、患侧及健侧髓质的CT值比值(CT患髓/CT健髓)分别为0.98±0.26、0.89±0.18、0.86±0.31和0.75±0.28、患侧皮髓质CT值比值(CT患皮/CT患髓)分别为2.76±0.35、2.35±0.79、1.83±0.68和1.73±0.28、患侧皮髓质CT值比值与健侧皮髓质CT值比值之比[(CT患皮/CT患髓)/(CT健皮/CT健髓)]分别为1.00±0.28、0.89±0.34、0.75±0.17和0.69±0.14,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).肾皮质CT值增强程度与GFR呈高度正相关(r=0.887,P<0.01),肾髓质CT值增强程度与GFR无相关性(r=0.203,P>0.05),患侧与健侧皮质增强CT比值与GFR呈高度正相关(r=0.872,P<0.01),患侧及健侧髓质增强CT比值与GFR呈中度正相关(r=0.504,P<0.01),患侧皮髓质增强CT值比值与GFR呈高度正相关(r=0.772,P<0.01),患侧皮髓质增强CT比值与健侧皮髓质增强CT比值之比与GFR呈中度正相关(r=0.663,P<0.01).以皮质期CT患皮/CT患髓高(≥2.60)、较高(2.20～2.59)、中(1.80～2.19)、低(<1.80)为判断肾功能正常、轻度损害、中度损害与重度损害的标准,对35例患肾功能SPECT结果对照,两种分组的符合率为80.0%.结论 GFR分级定量分析,不同GFR分组各肾皮质相关CT增强指标差异有统计学意义,且与GFR呈正相关,其中患侧皮髓质增强CT值比值适用于对单、双侧梗阻患者单肾功能进行评价,可对肾后性梗阻积水肾功能损害作出半定量诊断,相对于CT灌注简单方便,X线辐射剂量低.     

Biodistribution of phospholipid vesicles in mice bearing Lewis lung carcinoma and granuloma

Murine biodistributions of vesicle-encapsulated [111In]NTA were obtained under a number of conditions. These included normal animals, those bearing s.c.- or i.v.-implanted Lewis Lung Carcinoma (LLC) and those having both s.c.-LLC and sterile granuloma. Variations in the distributions were observed with a preinjection of unlabeled aminomannose (AM) vesicles or an increase in the labeled vesicle size. It was found that s.c. LLC exhibited uptake of between 10 and 25% injected dose/g (% ID/g) depending upon tumor mass with larger lesions having lower accumulation. Significant uptake enhancement (p less than 0.05) occurred after AM blockade. Similar results hold for the i.v.-injected LLC cells implying targeting to both primary and metastatic sites. By increasing vesicle size by a factor of 4, uptake by s.c. LLC declined to essentially blood levels; e.g., 2% ID/g. Granuloma accumulations were also at circulating values and, unlike s.c. LLC, could not be imaged.     

Hirnbefunde bei Neugeborenen

Ohne ZusammenfassungVorgetragen auf der 18. Tagung der Dtsch. Ges. f. Gerichtl. u. Soz. Medizin, Heidelberg, September 1929.