代谢综合征与慢性乙型病毒性肝炎及非酒精性脂肪性肝病患者肝纤维化程度的相关性研究

目的 比较慢性乙型病毒性肝炎患者和非酒精性脂肪性肝病患者代谢综合征患病率,以及代谢综合征对慢性乙型病毒性肝炎患者和非酒精性脂肪性肝病患者肝纤维化进展的影响.方法 对2008年1月至2009年6月在我院就诊的136例慢性乙型病毒性肝炎患者和110例非酒精性脂肪性肝病患者进行回顾性分析,调查其代谢综合征的患病率,测定肝功能及病毒学指标,进行肝脏病理学检查.采用t检验和X~2检验进行统计学分析.结果 代谢综合征总的患病率为28.5%,非酒精性脂肪性肝病患者代谢综合征患病率显著高于慢性乙型病毒性肝炎患者(分别为49.1%和11.8%).肝纤维化分期为S_(0～1)、S_(2～4)的慢性乙型病毒性肝炎患者代谢综合征的患病率分别为3.1%和19.7%(P＜0.01),代谢综合征、体重指数、天门冬氨酸转氨酶、γ-谷氨酰转肽酶及炎症程度均与其肝纤维化程度相关.在非酒精性脂肪性肝病患者中,非酒精性脂肪性肝炎患者代谢综合征患者率高于非酒精性脂肪肝(分别为55.4%和40.0%);纤维化分期为S_(0～1)、S_(2～4)的患者代谢综合征的患病率分别为36.2%和70.7%(P＜0.01);代谢综合征、丙氨酸转氨酶、天门冬氨酸转氨酶、γ-谷氨酰转肽酶及明显炎症均与其肝纤维化严重程度相关.结论 非酒精性脂肪性肝病患者代谢综合征的患病率高于慢性乙型病毒性肝炎患者,这两类患者代谢综合征与肝纤维化程度相关.     

慢性病毒性肝炎肝脏病理组织学改变与内毒素检测的关系

慢性病毒性肝炎患者血中所检测到的内毒素,大多认为是慢性病毒性肝病网状内皮系统功能降低或病理结构改变而致。本文通过对61例有肝组织学诊断的慢性病毒性肝炎患者同期进行内毒素水平的定量检测,对其病理分型、炎症活动度及纤维化程度与内毒素的关系进行了分析。 1 资料与方法 1.1 病例选择 61例慢性病毒性肝炎均为本院住院患者,年龄为14～52(35.6±11.7)岁。男性52例,女性9例。其中     

慢性乙型病毒性肝炎合并非酒精性脂肪肝:老问题新发现

<正>2020年国际脂肪肝专家小组提出,用代谢相关脂肪性肝病(metabolic dysfunctional-associated fatty liver disease,MAFLD)取代非酒精性脂肪性肝病(nonalcoholic fatty liver disease,NAFLD),且一致认为MAFLD相比NAFLD是更合适的研究术语。NAFLD的诊断需要排除乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)感染,MAFLD的诊断不需要,因此相当数量的HBV感染合并肝脏脂肪变性病例会被诊断为MAFLD。根据MAFLD的定义,HBV和AFLD(HBV-AFLD)将成为MAFLD的两个重要人群分布^[1]。由于目前大多数数据来自NAFLD相关研究,     

HBsAg阴性慢性乙型病毒性肝炎患者的临床与病理分析

目的研究HBsAg阴性慢性乙型病毒性肝炎患者的临床和病理特点,探讨其在不明原因肝病中的发病情况及临床意义。方法对62例HBsAg阴性不明原因反复肝功能异常的慢性肝炎患者用巢式PCR方法检测患者血清HBV—DNA,并行肝组织活检,免疫组化检测肝组织中HB—sAg和HBcAg,排除常见嗜肝病毒感染及其它原因的肝损害。结果62例HBsAg阴性不明原因肝炎患者中血清HBV—DNA阳性11例,其中2例荧光定量PCR阳性（2／62）,9例巢式PCR阳性（9／60）,阳性率为17．74％（11／62）,肝组织病理及免疫组化亦证实为慢性乙型病毒性肝炎。对照组2例阳性（2／25,8％）,两组比较差异有显著性（P〈0．05）。结论HBsAg阴性慢性HBV感染是不明原冈肝病的主要原因之一。     

嗜酒与慢性病毒性肝炎

在我国,慢性肝病以病毒性肝炎为主,其中HBV各个国家和地区酒精消耗量与肝硬化的发病率之间呈明显线性关系,而嗜酒者感染肝炎病毒则使肝脏损伤加重、并发症增加、病程缩短。在我国,酒精性肝硬化（ALC）合并肝炎病毒感染的几率很高,东北地区饮酒合并肝炎病毒感染已成为肝硬化的第三大病因。酒精是肝炎病毒的易感因素,二者对肝细胞的损伤可能存在协同作用。因此,酒精合并肝炎病毒感染的相关研究有着重要的临床意义。     

饮酒对病毒性肝炎病程及转归影响的临床调查

目的　探讨饮酒因素对病毒性肝炎病情、病程及转归的影响。方法　对 2 0 3 8例病毒性肝炎患者依饮酒程度分为三组 :不饮酒组、饮酒组和酗酒组。观察不同临床类型在各组中分布、病情演变及预后。结果　饮酒因素与感染肝炎病毒类型无关 ,但各组患者中急性肝炎、重型肝炎、慢性肝炎、肝硬变等发生率 ,病情及预后则有显著性差异 (P <0 0 5 )。结论　饮酒可加重病情 ,延长病程 ,加速不良预后。     

肝纤维化和慢性病毒性肝炎（上）

丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）和乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染后可导致慢性肝炎，进而有发展至肝纤维化的危险，甚至会进一步发展为肝硬化或原发性肝癌。随着对肝纤维化这一概念的理解，目前对于HCV和HBV感染的理解也越发深入。通常认为纤维化是线性发展的过程，但是临床证据表明纤维化的过程并不是以一成不变的速度或者是按照线性的模式发展，肝纤维化发展的实际过程有时是慢速发展有时又是快速发展。无论是慢性HCV或HBV感染，[第一段]     

慢性乙型病毒性肝炎并发生胰腺炎31例分析

目的：了解病毒肝炎与急性胰腺炎之间的关系,探讨病毒性肝炎并发急性胰腺炎的机制,预防和治疗。方法：收治的286例乙型肝炎病例中,产发急性胰腺炎31例,采用回顾统计分析的方法。结果：在31例患者中,30例为水肿型（占96．77％）,1例为出血坏死型（占13．33％）,治愈30例,死亡1例,结论：病毒性肝炎并发急性胰腺炎发生率为10．84％,（31／286）提示治疗病毒性肝炎时要反复查血,尿淀粉酶,以早期诊断急性胰腺炎和及时治疗。     

慢性乙型病毒性肝炎的治疗策略及进展

慢性乙型病毒性肝炎（简称“乙肝”）严重威胁着人类的健康。虽然近年来，新的抗病毒药物不断出现，给慢性乙肝的治疗提供了新的手段，也解决了一定的临床问题。但由于乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）本身的难治性以及慢性乙型肝炎临床表现的复杂多样性，使慢性乙型肝炎的治疗前景仍然不容乐观。尤其是近几年来，乙型病毒性肝炎的流行又出现了新变化、新特点，给临床医生提出了新的问题与挑战。中华医学会肝病学分会和中华医学会感染病学分会组织国内有关专家，在参考国内外最新研究成果的基础上，遵照循证医学的原则，在2005年12月份制订了《慢性乙型肝炎防治指南》。在实际工作中，应该遵循指南中的基本原则做到治疗的规范化，但更要根据病人病情的具体情况做到个体化治疗。     

干扰素治疗慢性乙型病毒性肝炎的护理

目前对于活动期慢性乙型肝炎，临床上多采用干扰素抗病毒治疗。治疗过程中可出现发热、皮疹、消化道症状等不良反应。2002年1月～2003年6月，我们用干扰素治疗慢性乙型肝炎活动期患者56例，现将临床观察结果与护理体会报告如下。     

Relationship between hepatitis B virus DNA levels and liver histology in patients with chronic hepatitis B

AIM： To study the relationship between hepatitis B virus （HBV） DNA levels and liver histology in patients with chronic hepatitis B （CHB） and to determine the prevalence and characteristics of hepatitis B e antigen （HBeAg） negative patients.
METHODS： A total of 213 patients with CHB were studied, and serum HBV DNA levels were measured by the COBAS Amplicor HBV Monitor test. All patients were divided into two groups according to the HBeAg status.The correlation between serum HBV DNA levels and liver damage （liver histology and biochemistry） was explored.
RESULTS： Of the 213 patients with serum HBV DNA levels higher than 10^5 copies/mL, 178 （83.6%） were HBeAg positive, 35 （16.4%） were HBeAg negative. The serum HBV DNA levels were not correlated to the age,history of CHB, histological grade and stage of liver disease in either HBeAg negative or HBeAg positive patients. There was no correlation between serum levels of HBV DNA and alanine aminotransferanse （ALT）,aspartate aminotrans-ferase （AST） in HBeAg positive patients. In HBeAg negative patients, there was no correlation between serum levels of HBV DNA and AST,while serum DNA levels correlated with ALT （r = 0.351, P = 0.042）. The grade （G） of liver disease correlated with ALT and AST （P 〈 0.05, r = 0.205, 0.327 respectively）in HBeAg positive patients. In HBeAg negative patients,correlations were shown between ALT, AST and the G （P 〈 0.01, and r = 0.862, 0.802 respectively）. HBeAg negative patients were older （35 ± 9 years vs 30 ±9 years, P 〈 0.05 ） and had a longer history of HBV infection （8 ± 4 years vs 6 ± 4 years, P 〈 0.05） and a lower HBV DNA level than HBeAg positive patients （8.4± 1.7 Log HBV DNA vs 9.8 ± 1.3 Log HBV DNA, P 〈0.001）. There were no significant differences in sex ratio,ALT and AST levels and liver histology between the two groups.
CONCLUSION： Serum HBV DNA level is not correlated to histological grade or stage of liver disease in CHB patients with HBV DNA mor     

慢性乙型肝炎患者血清肝纤维化指标与病理的关系

目的探讨慢性乙型肝炎患者血清肝纤维化指标透明质酸（HA）、Ⅳ型胶原（IV—C）、层粘连蛋白（LN）及Ⅲ型前胶原（PCⅢ）与肝脏病理的关系。方法慢性乙肝患者40例,行肝穿刺,制片,HE染色及浸银染色后作病理学检查;取血,分离血清,应用放射免疫法检测HA、IV—C、LN及PCⅢ水平,对肝组织进行炎症活动度分级（G）及纤维化分期（s）。结果40例慢性乙肝患者血清HA、Ⅳ-C、LN及PCⅢ水平随肝脏炎症活动度升高而升高,随肝组织纤维化程度的加重而升高。结论血清HA、Ⅳ-C、LN及PCⅢ水平与肝组织纤维化程度呈正相关。检测上述指标有助于判断肝炎疾病的严重程度,并能反映肝组织纤维化程度。     

非酒精性脂肪性肝病对慢性乙肝患者肝脏炎症及纤维化程度的影响

目的探讨非酒精性脂肪性肝病（non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,NAFLD）对慢性乙肝（chronic hepatitis B,CHB）患者肝脏炎症及纤维化程度的影响。方法收集2006年1月~2010年6月间住院资料完整的慢性乙肝患者147例,按照是否合并非酒精性脂肪性肝病分为A、B两组,回顾性分析两组间年龄、性别、肝功能指标、肝纤维化酶谱、HBsAg水平、HBV DNA滴度、代谢综合征相关疾病的患病率、肝脏炎症和纤维化程度等。结果 A组患者肝纤维化酶谱、碱性磷酸酶、代谢综合征相关疾病的患病率较B组升高;A组患者的肝纤维化程度主要分布在S2、S3期,而B组患者的肝纤维化程度主要分布在S0-1、S2期,余指标无差异。结论非酒精性脂肪性肝病对慢性乙肝患者肝脏炎症无明显影响,但能促进慢性乙肝患者肝纤维化的发展。     

慢性乙肝患者HBV-DNA、肝功能指标与肝纤维化的关系

[目的]探究慢性乙型病毒性肝炎患者乙肝病毒脱氧核糖核酸(HBV-DNA)、肝功能指标与肝纤维化的关系.[方法]入选65例慢性乙肝患者为患者组;同期选取肝功能合格的体检者65例作为对照组;检测2组肝纤维化指标[血清透明质酸(HA)、层粘连蛋白(LN)、Ⅲ型胶原(PCⅢ)、Ⅳ型胶原(Ⅳ-C)],HBV-DNA,肝功能指标[...     

Impact of comorbidities on the severity of chronic hepatitis B at presentation

AIM: To evaluate the clinical relevance of each cofactor on clinical presentation of chronic hepatitis B.METHODS: Out of 1366 hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positive subjects consecutively observed in 79 Italian hospitals, 53 (4.3%) showed as the only cofactor hepatitis D virus (HDV) infection [hepatitis B virus (HBV)/HDV group], 130 (9.5%) hepatitis C virus (HCV) (group HBV/HCV), 6 (0.4%) human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (group HBV/HIV), 138 (10.2%) alcohol abuse (group HBV/alcohol); 109 (8.0%) subjects had at least two cofactors and 924 were in the cofactor-free (CF) group.RESULTS: Compared with patients in group CF those in group HBV/alcohol were older and more frequently had cirrhosis (P < 0.001), those in group HBV/HDV were younger (P < 0.001), more frequently resided in the south of the country and had cirrhosis (P <0.001), those in group HBV/HCV were older (P < 0.001) and more frequently had cirrhosis (P < 0.001). These cofactors were all independent predictors of liver cirrhosis in HBsAg positive patients. Multivariate analysis showed that an older age [odds ratio (OR) 1.06, 95% CI: 1.05-1.08], alcohol abuse with more than 8 drinks daily (OR 2.89, 95% CI: 1.81-4.62) and anti-HDV positivity (OR 3.48, 95% CI: 2.16-5.58) are all independently associated with liver cirrhosis. This association was found also for anti-HCV positivity in univariate analysis, but it was no longer associated (OR 1.23, 95% CI: 0.84-1.80) at multivariate analysis.CONCLUSION: Older age, HDV infection and alcohol abuse are the major determinants of severe liver disease in chronic HBV infection, while HCV replication plays a lesser role in the severity of hepatic damage.     

肝组织炎症对FibroScan诊断慢性乙型肝炎患者肝纤维化的影响

目的探讨肝组织学炎症对瞬时弹性扫描仪（FS）诊断慢性乙型肝炎患者肝纤维化的影响。方法应用FS对124名慢性乙型肝炎患者进行肝穿刺前肝脏弹性测量值（LSM）的测定,采用肝穿刺活组织病理诊断技术进行肝纤维化分期（S）和炎症分级（G）。对同一肝纤维化分期不同肝组织炎症分级组间LSM进行比较,并对各肝纤维化分期中LSM与肝组织炎症分级进行相关性分析。结果肝组织纤维化逐渐发展伴随肝炎症程度加重,如肝纤维化S1期患者中以G1为主（81.8%）,S2期以G2为主（54.2%）,S3期以G3为主（47.4%）,S4期以G3、G4为主（40%,33.4%）,S1～S4每一纤维化分期水平上,不同炎症分级LSM差异均具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,且LSM与不同炎症分级之间均呈显著正相关（P〈0.01）。结论肝组织炎症程度是影响FS诊断的一个重要因素,炎症活动程度加重可使LSM增加。     

Effect of liver inflammation on accuracy of FibroScan device in assessing liver fibrosis stage in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection

BACKGROUND Transient elastography(FibroScan)is a new and non-invasive test,which has been widely recommended by the guidelines of chronic hepatitis B virus(HBV)management for assessing hepatic fibrosis staging.However,some confounders may affect the diagnostic accuracy of the FibroScan device in fibrosis staging.AIM To evaluate the diagnostic value of the FibroScan device and the effect of hepatic inflammation on the accuracy of FibroScan in assessing the stage of liver fibrosis in patients with HBV infection.METHODS The data of 416 patients with chronic HBV infection who accepted FibroScan,liver biopsy,clinical,and biological examination were collected from two hospitals retrospectively.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves were used to analyze the diagnostic performance of FibroScan for assessing the stage of liver fibrosis.Any discordance in fibrosis staging by FibroScan and pathological scores was statistically analyzed.Logistic regression and ROC analyses were used to analyze the accuracy of FibroScan in assessing the stage of fibrosis in patients with different degrees of liver inflammation.A non-invasive model was constructed to predict the risk of misdiagnosis of fibrosis stage using FibroScan.RESULTS In the overall cohort,the optimal diagnostic values of liver stiffness measurement(LSM)using FibroScan for significant fibrosis(≥F2),severe fibrosis(≥F3),and cirrhosis(F4)were 7.3 kPa[area under the curve(AUC)=0.863],9.7 kPa(AUC=0.911),and 11.3 kPa(AUC=0.918),respectively.The rate of misdiagnosis of fibrosis stage using FibroScan was 34.1%(142/416 patients).The group of patients who showed discordance between fibrosis staging using FibroScan and pathological scores had significantly higher alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels,and a higher proportion of moderate to severe hepatic inflammation,compared with the group of patients who showed concordance in fibrosis staging between the two methods.Liver inflammation activity over 2(OR=3.53)was an independent risk factor for misdiagnosis of fibrosis stage using FibroScan.Patients with liver inflammation activity≥2 showed higher LSM values using FibroScan and higher rates of misdiagnosis of fibrosis stage,whereas the diagnostic performance of FibroScan for different fibrosis stages was significantly lower than that in patients with inflammation activity<2(all P<0.05).A non-invasive prediction model was established to assess the risk of misdiagnosis of fibrosis stage using FibroScan,and the AUC was 0.701.CONCLUSION Liver inflammation was an independent risk factor affecting the diagnostic accuracy of FibroScan for fibrosis stage.A combination of other related noninvasive factors can predict the risk of misdiagnosis of fibrosis staging using FibroScan.     

468例CHB患者肝纤维化进展与血清病毒学指标演变关联性探讨

目的探讨慢性乙型病毒性肝炎(CHB)患者肝纤维化进展与血清病毒学标志的演变关系。方法选择468例CHB患者,根据其不同的肝纤维化程度由轻及重(S0-1,S2,S3-4)分为三组,分别统计三组患者肝纤维化分级与HBe Ag状态及HBV DNA载量的关系。结果随着肝纤维化进展(S0-S1→S2→S3-S4),HBe Ag阳性者的比例逐渐下降(60.00%>23.25%>16.75%),HBe Ag阴性的比例逐渐升高(23.53%<33.82%<42.65%),其差异有统计学意义(χ2=35.756,P<0.001);不同血清HBV DNA载量的患者,肝纤维化水平不同(χ2=58.790,P<0.001),随着肝纤维化的进展,血清HBV DNA呈逐渐下降趋势(r=-0.343)。HBe Ag阳性CHB患者中,其肝纤维化进展与HBV DNA载量的差异同样具有统计学意义(χ2=38.011,P<0.001),肝纤维化水平与HBV DNA载量亦呈负相关(r=-0.290)。结论慢性乙型病毒性肝炎患者随着肝纤维化进展(S0-S1→S2→S3-S4),其血清HBe Ag阳性的比例与HBV DNA载量均呈逐渐下降的趋势,其中HBe Ag持续阳性患者的HBV DNA载量随肝纤维化进展表现出相似的特点。     

瞬时弹性扫描检测慢性乙型肝炎患者肝纤维化的临床研究

目的:研究肝脏瞬时弹性检测仪(Fibroscan)在慢性乙型肝炎患者中的应用.方法:收集诊断为慢性乙型肝炎患者310例,其中包括23例慢性重型肝炎及65例肝硬化患者,使用Fibroscan检测肝脏硬度值,同时检测乙肝标志物HBV DNA、丙氨酸氨基转移酶、总胆红素水平.结果:慢性乙肝肝硬化患者的肝脏硬度值显著高于非肝硬化患者.肝脏重度炎症如重型肝炎,也可导致肝脏硬度值增大.年龄和性别因素可能对肝脏硬度值有影响.结论:Fibfroscan是评价慢性乙肝患者肝脏纤维化程度和诊断肝硬化的有效方法.在对个体病例进行分析时,需要考虑年龄和性别、肝脏炎症因素对肝脏硬度值的影响.     

慢性肝病者乙型和丙型肝炎病毒重叠感染的研究

对２１３例老年慢性肝病患者的乙型肝炎病毒（ＨＢＶ）和丙型肝炎病毒（ＨＣＶ）血清标志物检测发现：ＨＢＶ感染占７３．２４％、ＨＢＶ和ＨＣＶ重叠感染占重叠感染点１５．４９％、ＨＣＶ感染占７．０４％、其它占４．２６％；ＨＢＶ阴性者ＨＣＶ检出率高于ＨＢＶ阳性者，肝癌和肝硬化患者较慢性肝炎患者高；ＨＢＶ和ＨＣＶ重叠感染患者的血清血蛋白下降显著，γ－球蛋白升高明显，肝硬化并腹水和上消化道出血者了多。结果表明，老