国产与进口胶囊内镜796例临床应用分析

目的探讨国产胶囊内镜与进口胶囊内镜对小肠疾病的诊断价值及安全性。方法选择2003～2018年我院行了胶囊内镜检查患者796例,根据胶囊内镜的不同分为两组。A组414例患者采用以色列M2A胶囊内镜检查,病因包括不明原因消化道出血194例,不明原因慢性腹泻87例,不明原因腹痛90例,不明原因贫血43例;B组382例患者采用国产OMOM胶囊内镜,包括不明原因消化道出血173例,不明原因慢性腹泻97例,不明原因腹痛85例,不明原因贫血27例。结果 A组共411例完成检查,B组共381例完成检查,检查总成功率为99.50%(792/796)。A组全小肠检查成功率为86.71%(359/414);B组全小肠检查成功率为95.03%(363/382)。A组不明原因消化道出血患者病变检出率为80.41%(156/194),不明原因腹泻患者病变检出率为68.97%(60/87),不明原因腹痛患者病变检出率为63.33%(57/90),不明原因贫血患者病变检出率为55.81%(24/43)。B组不明原因消化道出血患者病变检出率为85.55%(148/173),不明原因腹泻患者病变检出率为61.86%(60/97),不明原因腹痛患者病变检出率为60.00%(51/85),不明原因贫血患者病变检出率为55.56%(15/27)。A组病变检出率为71.74%(297/414),B组病变检出率为71.73%(274/382),两组检出率差异无统计学意义(P 0.05)。结论胶囊内镜对小肠疾病有较高诊断价值,国产OMOM胶囊内镜的检出率与诊断率与M2A胶囊内镜相当。     

573例胶囊内镜检查回顾性分析

背景:大量国内文献报道胶囊内镜对小肠疾病具有较高的诊断价值,但大样本研究相对少见。目的:分析胶囊内镜检查对小肠疾病的诊断价值和安全性。方法:回顾性连续性纳入2008年5月—2013年4月因拟诊小肠疾病在南京军区南京总医院行胶囊内镜检查的患者,对检查结果进行统计学分析。结果:共573例患者纳入研究,总体检查成功率为99.13%(568/573),全小肠检查完成率为88.38%(502/568);胶囊内镜通过幽门时间平均为43.45 min,通过小肠时间平均为287.21 min。总体小肠病变检出率和诊断率分别为53.52%(304/568)和51.06%(290/568);不明原因消化道出血(OGIB)患者的病变检出率和诊断率均显著高于不明原因腹痛和慢性腹泻患者(64.26%和62.46%对41.72%和39.07%、32.14%和27.38%,P均0.05)。检出的小肠病变主要包括血管病变(21.38%)、溃疡性病变(20.72%)、肿瘤(14.47%)、糜烂性病变(11.84%)、克罗恩病(11.18%)。胶囊内镜滞留率为2.29%(13/568),分别有1例和2例滞留者并发急性肠梗阻和肠穿孔。结论:对于小肠疾病,胶囊内镜是一种安全、有效的检查方法,其最重要的适应证是OGIB,对确诊或疑诊克罗恩病患者的评估亦有一定帮助。     

胶囊内镜与双气囊小肠镜在诊断小肠疾病中的应用

常规内镜检查不能确定来源的持续或反复消化道出血,称为不明原因消化道出血（OGIB）。OGIB约占消化道出血的5％,多为小肠疾病所致,如血管病变、小肠肿瘤、Meckel憩室等。小肠气钡双重造影、放射性核素扫描、选择性腹腔动脉造影、推进式小肠镜等技术诊断小肠疾病敏感度低、漏诊率高。胶囊内镜（CE）和双气囊小肠镜（DBE）的相继诞生,开创了小肠疾病诊断的新时代。现对胶囊内镜及双气囊小肠镜检查小肠疾病的适应证、禁忌证、并发症及OGIB检出率等进行对比,综述如下。     

胶囊内镜对小肠疾病诊断和治疗的影响程度

目的:了解胶囊内镜的运用对小肠疾病患者诊断和治疗方案抉择的影响.方法:分析我科自2002-03/2006-08进行胶囊内镜检查的健康查体者84例,门诊或住院患者204例,比较胶囊内镜检查前后患者诊断和治疗的变化情况.结果:84例无症状查体者病变检出率为53.57%(45/84),其中需药物治疗者占48.89%(22/45),需随访监测,必要时进行其他检查或医疗干预者22.22%(10/45),不需要处理者28.89%(13/45).204例患者均接受过2种以上的消化道检查,症状持续时间平均为50 mo.不明原因消化道出血的病变检出率较高,为76.47%:腹痛、腹泻和腹胀的病变检出率分别为68.49%,61.90%和66.67%.204例有症状患者在胶囊内镜检查后诊断及治疗完全变更36.76%(75/204),胶囊内镜检查对诊断和治疗变更的总有效影响率为77.94%(159/204).结论:胶囊内镜是小肠疾病诊断的理想工具,对小肠疾病患者诊断和治疗的最后确定具有重要的影响,也是小肠疾病"早期诊断"、"早期治疗"能得以实现的保障.     

胶囊内镜联合双气囊小肠镜对不明原因消化道出血诊断价值的研究

目的评价胶囊内镜(capsule endoscopy,CE)联合双气囊小肠镜(double-balloon enteroscopy,DBE)对不明原因消化道出血(obscure gastrointestinal bleeding,OGIB)的临床诊断价值。方法回顾性分析85例行CE检查及部分联合DBE检查OGIB患者的临床资料。结果 85例OGIB患者的病因明确诊断率为96.5%(82/85),以血管病变、小肠肿瘤、肠黏膜糜烂及溃疡性病变最常见,分别为23.5%(20/85)、21.2%(18/85)、24.7%(21/85);行CE和DBE检查的病变检出率分别为88.2%(75/85)和95.1%(39/41),DBE检查病因诊断率(92.7%,38/41)显著高于CE检查(51.8%,44/85),差异有统计学意义(P0.05);CE和DBE检查发现血管肿瘤病变及憩室分别为21.2%(18/85)、1.2%(1/85)和48.8%(20/41)、14.6%(6/41),DBE检查对血管肿瘤病变及憩室病因的诊断率高于CE检查,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论在OGIB患者中CE检查对血管病变、小肠肿瘤、憩室病因诊断低于DBE检查;CE与DBE联合应用能提高OGIB疾病的病因诊断率。     

胶囊内镜对不明原因消化道出血的诊断分析

目的探讨胶囊内镜(CE)对不明原因的消化道出血(OGIB)中的诊断价值。方法对本院65例不明原因的消化道出血患者做胶囊内镜检查,详细观察统计分析其影像资料。结果 65例患者顺利完成检查,胶囊内镜摄片时间平均为507min(480～545min),检查过程中均无不适,65例患者均获得清晰图像,本组65例内镜检查结果阳性48例,一例可疑阳性,16例阴性。小肠多发溃疡并出血17例,空肠憩室并出血6例,空肠肿瘤6例,回肠出血3例,缺血性肠病2例,小肠血管瘤2例,小肠crohn疾病5例,血管畸形2例,Meckel憩室1例,空肠息肉3例,NSAID相关性小肠病1例,诊断阳性率73.85%(48/65)。结论胶囊内镜检查安全、无创,检出率较高,对不明原因的消化道出血患者的诊断具有较高的临床价值。     

胶囊内镜在不同小肠疾病诊断中的应用价值

目的探讨胶囊内镜在不同小肠疾病诊断中的应用价值。方法 42例患者进行胶囊内镜检查,其中不明原因消化道出血25例、慢性腹痛6例、慢性腹泻7例、慢性腹痛伴腹泻3例、体检1例,观察运行时间及病变检出率。结果 42例患者中33例(78.57%)通过回盲瓣,2例胶囊内镜滞留于胃内。胶囊内镜胃内平均停留时间为77.5 m in,经过小肠平均时间为286.5 m in。病变总检出率为76.19%,其中不明原因消化道出血88%、慢性腹痛83.3%、慢性腹泻42.8%、慢性腹痛伴腹泻66.7%。不明原因消化道出血的病变检出率明显高于慢性腹泻(P0.05)。检查过程中患者无不适及并发症。结论胶囊内镜对小肠病变的检出率较高,且安全、方便,可作为小肠疾病的首选检查方法,尤其可作为不明原因消化道出血患者的常规检查。     

应用胶囊内镜诊断不明原因消化道出血的临床价值探讨

[目的]探讨胶囊内镜(CE)对不明原因消化道出血(OGIB)的诊断价值。[方法]106例OGIB患者依据不同的临床表现分为隐性出血组和显性出血组,均采用CE检查,对诊断结果进行分析总结。[结果]106例OGIB患者中74例获阳性诊断(69.8%),显性出血组占50例(69.5%),隐性出血组占24例(70.6%),2组阳性诊断率比较,差异无统计学意义;阳性诊断结果中以血管病变居多,其次为小肠恶性肿瘤。[结论]CE检查诊断OGIB的价值较高,是一种安全、简便的诊断方法。     

单气囊小肠镜在不明原因消化道出血中的应用

不明原因消化道出血(obscure gastrointestinal bleeding,OGIB)是临床少见疾病,占消化道出血的5％[1].OGIB的出血部位多位于小肠,常规内镜和传统检查方法对其诊断价值有限,而胶囊内镜(capsule endoscopy,CE)及双气囊小肠镜(double balloon endoscopy,DBE)在临床的应用和普及为OGIB的诊断提供了新的措施.     

OMOM胶囊内镜对小肠出血的诊断价值

[目的]通过分析不明原因消化道出血(OGIB)疾病患者经OMOM胶囊内镜的检查结果,探討OMOM胶囊内镜对OGIB的診断价值。[方法]收集2009年5月～2011年3月恩施州中心医院27例OGIB患者经OMOM胶囊内镜检查的临床资料,回顾性分析下载到计算机中的图像资料。[结果]未见异常7例,血管显露10例,小肠间质瘤5例,小肠息肉4例,小肠憩室1例,OGIB患者的阳性检出率为74.07%。[结论]OMOM胶囊内镜对于OGIB患者可作为首选的一线检查手段。     

胶囊内镜对不明原因消化道出血诊断价值的评估

背景：对于不明原因消化道出血（OGIB），胶囊内镜是一种有价值的诊断方法。但迄今为止，该技术在OGIB诊断中应用的研究多限于小样本病例。目的：评价胶囊内镜对OGIB的诊断价值，确定其敏感性，特异性，阳性，阴性预测值和总诊断率。方法：2002年5月-2005年1月，对连续选取的91例OGIB患者行胶囊内镜检查94次，对胶囊排出时间，再检查，治疗，再出血，依从性和并发症等情况进行随访观察。结果：胶囊内镜检查的阳性率为74.7%，疑诊率为11.0%，阴性率为14.3%。其诊断OGIB的敏感性，特异性以及阳性，阴性预测值分别为94.6%、88.9%和80.0%，总诊断率为93.8%。检查过程中仅1例（1.1%）患者发生胶囊滞留，后经手术取出并证实为克罗恩病所致的肠腔狭窄。结论：胶囊内镜对于OGIB是一种有效而安全的检查手段，迟早行胶囊内镜检查可使患者早日明确诊断并得到及时治疗，从而改善预后。     

胶囊内镜对老年不明原因消化道出血的诊断及再出血因素分析

目的 评估胶囊内镜对老年不明原因消化道出血的诊断价值，并通过长期随访结果分析其再出血率及其影响因素。方法入选2002年5月至2008年2月间因不明原因消化道出血在本院行胶囊内镜检查的老年患者127例，评估受检患者的耐受性和诊断率，并随访根据诊断结果实施的治疗效果、再出血率及其影响因素。结果127例受检者中阳性诊断率为66．1％，其中以血管病变为最主要诊断，其次为肿瘤和克罗恩病，分别为59．5％、16．7％和11．9％。剔除10例失访者后，经随访发现117例中再出血率为41％，其中阳性诊断组为48-8％（38／78），阴性诊断组为25．7％（10／39），两组具有统计学差异（P〈0．05）；而阳性诊断组中非血管病变者再出血率为24．2％（8／33），血管病变者为66．7％（30／45），同样具统计学差异（P〈0．01）。结论胶囊内镜对于老年不明原因消化道出血患者是一项安全有效的检查手段。胶囊内镜诊断中以非血管性病变及阴性者再出血率低，而血管病变者再出血率高。     

Double Balloon Enteroscopy Detects Small Bowel Mass Lesions Missed by Capsule Endoscopy

BACKGROUND: Small bowel mass lesions (SBML) are a relatively common cause of obscure gastrointestinal bleeding (OGIB). Their detection has been limited by the inability to endoscopically examine the entire small intestine. This has changed with the introduction of capsule endoscopy (CE) and double balloon enteroscopy (DBE) into clinical practice. STUDY AIM: To evaluate the detection of SBML by DBE and CE in patients with OGIB who were found to have SBML by DBE and underwent both procedures. METHODS: A retrospective review of a prospectively collected database of all patients undergoing DBE for OGIB at seven North American tertiary centers was performed. Those patients who were found to have SBML as a cause of their OGIB were further analyzed. RESULTS: During an 18 month period, 183 patients underwent DBE for OGIB. A small bowel mass lesion was identified in 18 patients. Of these, 15 patients had prior CE. Capsule endoscopy identified the mass lesion in five patients; fresh luminal blood with no underlying lesion in seven patients, and non-specific erythema in three patients. Capsule endoscopy failed to identify all four cases of primary small bowel adenocarcinoma. CONCLUSIONS: Double balloon enteroscopy detects small bowel mass lesions responsible for OGIB that are missed by CE. Additional endoscopic evaluation of the small bowel by DBE or intraoperative enteroscopy should be performed in patients with ongoing OGIB and negative or non-specific findings on CE.     

Diagnostic yield and clinical outcomes of capsule endoscopy

BACKGROUND: Capsule endoscopy is proving to be superior to push enteroscopy and barium contrast radiography for evaluation of the small bowel. However, its impact on clinical outcome has not been thoroughly investigated. This study assessed changes in therapy based on capsule endoscopy findings and on the impact of such changes on patient outcomes. METHODS: Forty-four consecutive capsule endoscopies in 43 patients were reviewed. Data were collected by systematic review of patient records and included indication, results of prior diagnostic tests, and capsule endoscopy findings. Specific interventions after capsule endoscopy and clinical outcome were noted. RESULTS: The indication for capsule endoscopy was obscure GI bleeding in 40 patients, iron deficiency anemia in one, and right lower quadrant abdominal pain in two patients. Overall diagnostic yield was 42% (18/43 patients). Diagnostic findings included angiodysplasias (n = 13), intestinal ulcers (n = 2), Crohn's disease (n = 2), and mass lesion (n = 1). As a result of the capsule endoscopy findings, a specific intervention was implemented in 12 of 18 patients with positive findings. These included endoscopy with coagulation (n = 5), laparotomy (n = 2), pharmacotherapy (n = 4), and discontinuation of medication (n = 1). At a mean follow-up of 6.7 months, the clinical outcome was considered positive in 7 of 43 patients (16%). CONCLUSIONS: Although it has a high diagnostic yield, capsule endoscopy has a positive influence on clinical outcome in a relatively small proportion of patients. Larger studies are needed that assess the influence of capsule endoscopy on clinical outcomes.     

胶囊内镜诊断不明原因消化道出血的价值

背景：不明原因消化道出血（OGIB）的诊断是临床难题之一。随着内镜技术的革新,OGIB的诊治水平不断提高。目的：评价胶囊内镜诊断OGIB的价值。方法：回颐性分析南京鼓楼医院2003年5月～2008年4月行胶囊内镜检查的OGIB患者的资料。结果：胶囊内镜的OGIB总检出率为82．6％（228／276）。小肠病变检出率为77．5％（214／276）,其中以血管动静脉畸形（AVM）最为常见,其次为小肠占位和小肠克罗恩病（CD）。14例（5．1％）患者的出血部位位于小肠以外,其中5例位于胃内,9例为结肠病变。所有患者均未出现肠梗阻症状。与〈50岁的患者相比。≥50岁者的小肠AVM检出率显著增高（33．9％对19．6％,P=0．016）,小肠占位和寄生虫病检出率均无明显差异。男性患者的小肠CD检出率显著高于女性患者（17．1％对6．8％,P=0．018）。结论：胶囊内镜检查安全、无创伤,诊断OGIB的价值较高。OGIB以小肠AVM最为多见,其次为小肠占位和CD。     

The role of capsule endoscopy in obscure gastrointestinal bleeding

Background and study aimObscure gastrointestinal bleeding is mostly recurrent and originates in the small bowel, which can be only partially examined by conventional endoscopy. Capsule endoscopy has revolutionized the evaluation of obscure gastrointestinal bleeding (OGIB). The diagnostic yield of capsule endoscopy in OGIB was a main concern of many studies. The aim of this study is to assess the diagnostic yield of capsule endoscopy in cases of OGIB. Capsule-related complications and degree of inter-observer variation will be recorded as well.Patients and methods54 consecutive patients suffering from OGIB, whether occult or overt, were subjected to capsule examination and data analysis.ResultsThe majority (74.1%) presented with obscure overt bleeding. Examination was complete in 68.4%. The commonest lesions were angiodysplasias (17.5%). Examinations were negative for lesions in 35.1% and hampered by limitations in 19.3%. The capsule diagnostic yield was 56.1%, while capsule retention occurred in 3.5%. The inter-observer agreement for the cause of bleeding was 91.2%.ConclusionsCapsule endoscopy proved helpful in solving the mystery of OGIB. It succeeded in diagnosing the cause of bleeding and directing further management with good compliance, high proportion of inter-observer agreement and low incidence of complications.     

Diagnostic yield and clinical outcomes after capsule endoscopy in 100 consecutive patients with obscure gastrointestinal bleeding

OBJECTIVES: The endoscopic capsule is a useful tool for visualizing the small bowel in patients with obscure gastrointestinal bleeding. In this study the authors evaluated the diagnostic aid provided by the endoscopic capsule, the factors predicting a significant finding and their impact on the patients' clinical evolution. METHODS: A total of 100 patients (52 men and 48 women, average age 64.4 years) underwent capsule endoscopy. Of this group, 52 patients presented with obscure-overt bleeding and 48 with obscure-occult bleeding. After an average follow-up time of 11.4 months, the clinical outcome was evaluated in 95 patients. RESULTS: The endoscopic capsule identified significant findings in 68% of patients. The most common diagnosis (33.8%) was angiodysplasias. The most important factor predicting significant findings was the previous need for transfusion in the overt bleeding group. As the result of the findings, a specific intervention was made in 75.8% of patients. At the end of follow-up, the clinical outcome was considered positive in 71.6% of patients. Capsule retention occurred in one patient, who required surgery. CONCLUSION: In patients with obscure gastrointestinal bleeding, capsule endoscopy provides a high degree of diagnostic aid. The best candidates for this procedure are patients with obscure-overt bleeding who have required blood transfusions. Capsule endoscopy has a positive influence on an important proportion of patients, whether oriented towards new diagnostic techniques or towards a definitive treatment.     

Frequency and clinical outcome of capsule retention during capsule endoscopy for GI bleeding of obscure origin

BACKGROUND: Capsule endoscopy is now commonly performed for GI bleeding of obscure origin. Regional transit abnormality refers to slowed capsule movement during capsule endoscopy. The frequency and clinical outcome of capsule retention and regional transit abnormalities are unknown. METHODS: Initial capsule endoscopies performed at a single institution in 52 patients with GI bleeding of obscure origin were reviewed retrospectively. For patients with capsule retention or regional transit abnormality, preprocedural characteristics, and post-procedural outcomes were recorded. OBSERVATIONS: Capsule retention occurred in 7 patients, all of whom remained asymptomatic. Regional transit abnormality was noted in 3 patients. Sources of bleeding were localized in all cases. Seven patients underwent surgery. Stricture induced by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs was the major cause of retention. In all patients, anemia resolved during follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Capsule retention and regional transit abnormality occurred in almost 20% of patients who had capsule endoscopy for GI bleeding of obscure origin. These capsule movement abnormalities led to the diagnosis of bleeding sources and thereby influenced patient management. A history of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs use may be associated with an increased risk of capsule retention.     

Evaluation and outcomes of patients with obscure gastrointestinal bleeding

Obscure gastrointestinal bleeding(OGIB) is defined as recurrent or persistent bleeding or presence of iron deficiency anaemia after evaluation with a negative bidirectional endoscopy. OGIB accounts for 5% of gastrointestinal bleeding and presents a diagnostic challenge. Current modalities available for the investigation of OGIB include capsule endoscopy, balloon assisted enteroscopy, spiral enteroscopy and computed tomography enterography. These modalities overcome the limitations of previous techniques. Following a negative bidirectional endoscopy, capsule endoscopy and double balloon enteroscopy remain the cornerstone of investigation in OGIB given their high diagnostic yield. Longterm outcome data in patients with OGIB is limited, but is most promising for capsule endoscopy. This article reviews the current literature and provides an overview of the clinical evaluation of patients with OGIB, available diagnostic and therapeutic modalities and longterm clinical outcomes.     

Fields of applications,diagnostic yields and findings of OMOM capsule endoscopy in 2400 Chinese patients

AIM:To retrospectively analyze the fields of application,diagnostic yields and findings of OMOM capsule endoscopy in Chinese patients.METHODS:A database including 2400 Chinese patients who received OMOM capsule endoscopy in 27 endoscopy centers in China was retrieved from the Jianshan Science and Technology Ltd.OMOM capsule endoscopy database.The patient's age,gender,fields of application,the potentially relevant findings,pyloric transit time(PTT),small bowel transit time(SBTT),and complete small-bowel exam...