中国医疗器械注册管理工作的现状与思考

对中国医疗器械注册管理工作的现状进行了回顾分析,分析了存在的问题和薄弱环节,并就加强和完善相关工作进行了初步讨论。     

应用示波法计算血压方法的改进与实现

介绍了示波法的原理,分析了影响示波法测量血压精度的因素及对得到的脉搏波进行预处理的方法。并用流程 图阐述了用示波法求血压的一种改进方法,运用此改进方法分别对血压模拟仪和对人体进行了测试,测试结果分别和 血压模拟仪的标准值和柯氏音法进行比较,得到了比较满意的结果,血压的测量精度和重复性得到了很大的提高。     

临床路径在医院医疗质量管理中的作用探讨

本文就临床路径的发展和内涵进行了描述,阐述了其理论基础和制定方法,讨论了临床路径在医院医疗质量管理中的作用,对其不足和在我国的发展前景进行了探讨.     

大型医院业务网络改造及优化

目的通过对军卫网进行物理和逻辑层面的改造和优化,使其更好地对医院业务进行支撑。方法对军卫网设备及物理链路进行扩容,对军卫网的逻辑结构进行调整和优化。结果消除了军卫网中存在的单点故障和逻辑结构的不合理性,提高了网络的冗余性、稳定性及网络的自愈能力和可用性。结论以合理规划,分步实施,符合大型医疗机构多业务承载的需要,为限定条件下的网络改造和优化进行了积极的探索和实践。     

资源短缺地区的宫颈癌筛查手段

1999年,5个国际性卫生组织一起建立了宫颈癌预防联盟(ACCP)。对在非洲、亚洲和拉丁美洲20个国家以往和近期所进行的研究和调查进行汇总分析,并提出了在资源匮乏地区有效进行宫颈癌筛查和治疗的建议。研究结果提示最佳筛查年龄是     

CT方舱CT选型及舱内布局研究

为保证CT方舱的实用性,对CT方舱CT机的选择和舱内布局进行了研究。结合应用需求,采用对比研究的方法,对常用CT机的功能、结构、尺寸等进行了对比和分析,对舱内布局进行了多种方案设计和比较。通过综合分析最终确定了CT方舱最佳设备型号和最优舱内布局方案。该结果为CT方舱设备选型和科学布局的优化提供了重要依据,使得CT方舱能够发挥最佳作用。     

重大危险源监管系统与应急救援体系的研究

就重大危险源监管系统和应急救援体系的建设进行了详尽的研究,指出对重大危险源进行有效的辨识监管是建设应急救援体系的前提和基础。对如何建设应急救援体系进行了研究和探讨,并介绍了应急救援体系的四大主要模块,为相关部门有效实施应急救援提供了依据。     

临床实习岗前教育的评价分析与思考

为了了解临床实习岗前教育的效果,进行了专题问卷调查。对调查结果进行了分析,并对临床实习岗前教育的存在问题和改进措施进行了探讨。     

医疗设备维护与保养的精细化管理

文章对于医疗设备维护和保养的重要性进行了阐述,并结合本院实际工作,对于维护和保养的精细化管理工作进行了探讨。     

基于小波变换的磁共振图像增强

磁共振成像技术能在体外对疾病进行无损和无创伤检测,但其图像极易被噪声污染,有必要进行增强处理。本文对小波变换进行了介绍,重点分析其在图像增强处理方面的优点,并给出具体的算法实现步骤。最后给出了本算法用于磁共振图像增强的实例,对结果进行了讨论和展望。     

生活垃圾卫生填埋场苍蝇综合防治

在杭州市天子岭垃圾填埋场灭蝇工作的基础上,介绍了生活垃圾卫生填埋场苍蝇综合防治的经验.     

Tsetse-fly control and eradication

In many instances the cheapest and quickest way of controlling trypanosomiasis is to reduce the number of vectors and the opportunities for contact between man and vector. For permanent results, moreover, eradication of the vectors is necessary, since eradication of trypanosomiasis by chemotherapeutic means has so far not proved feasible.For a variety of reasons, game destruction as a method of fly control is gradually being replaced by other methods. Of these, the complete removal of bush cover will always effectively eradicate tsetse flies, but in order to save time, labour and money, partial clearing (selective or discriminative) is more usually resorted to. Provided this is preceded by extensive and accurate surveys of fly infestation, it is generally successful.Blanket applications of insecticides from aircraft or from ground aerosol machines can give good and rapid results; however, as knowledge of the habits and behaviour of Glossina species grows, the discriminative application of insecticides can be made more precise, economical and effective. This method of using the residual insecticides seems to be the most promising for the future.     

Ambient concentrations of formaldehyde and ammonia in a screwworm fly rearing facility

A facility for the mass rearing of sterilized screwworm flies used in fly eradication program efforts was described. Air concentrations of formaldehyde and ammonia were measured during industrial hygiene surveys conducted in the production plant which is currently the world's largest insect rearing facility. Formaldehyde, used as a bactericide and fungicide in the larvae media, was consistently found at levels below current and recommended TLVs. Ammonia, released as metabolic waste from the larvae, was occasionally found at elevated levels in some plant areas. Factors were identified which influenced the in-plant variations of ammonia air levels.     

生活垃圾焚烧飞灰固化处理的工程实践

以广州市李坑生活垃圾焚烧发电厂采用水泥固化工艺处理飞灰的工程实例,对固化前后的飞灰进行浸出毒性实验,同时采用不同配比的水泥进行固化工艺的条件实验.结果表明:飞灰原灰中的重金属浸出浓度超过我国危险废物鉴别标准,属于危险废物;当水泥的掺入比例为0.33时,飞灰的固化效果最佳.并结合飞灰的成分,建议对飞灰水泥固化体的长期安全性进行进一步研究.     

Myiasis: the battle continues against screwworm infestation.

The New World screwworm fly (Cochliomyia hominivorax) caused myiasis extensively among livestock in Mexico and the southern third of the USA until eradication was achieved by repeatedly releasing sterile males of the species on a massive scale. The pest appeared in Libya in 1988, the first time it had become established outside the western hemisphere. Because of the threat of myiasis in animals and people, not only in Libya but also elsewhere in Africa and beyond, a concerted campaign of sterile male releases was mounted with strong international support, and the outbreak has been eliminated. Action is continuing against the pest in Central America.     

Surveillance for acute pesticide-related illness during the Medfly eradication program--Florida, 1998

The Mediterranean fruit fly (Medfly) (Ceratitis capitata, Wiedemann) is an exotic insect that can damage approximately 250 fruit and vegetable plant species and is a serious threat to domestic agriculture. During the spring and summer of 1998, pesticides were used by federal and state agriculture authorities to eradicate Medfly infestations that had been detected in portions of five Florida counties (Table 1). This report summarizes surveillance data, describes probable and possible cases of illness associated with the eradication effort, and provides recommendations for future Medfly-eradication programs.     

孔林内有瓣蝇类新记录种调查报告

本文报告了作者1989～1990年在孔林内用诱蝇笼与网捕法进行蝇种等调查研究的结果,发现了山东省新记录蝇类23种,并对其分布特点,出现不同类型的原因等进行了描述和分析。     

南通市区家蝇对7种杀虫剂的抗性状况及防制对策研究

目的：掌握南通市区家蝇对常用杀虫剂的抗性状况,并研究防制对策。方法：标准点滴法。结果：家蝇对敌敌畏已产生高等抗性,对溴氰菊酯,氯氰菊酯为中等抗性,对复方配制的杀虫剂和未开发使用的杀虫剂基本保持敏感。结论：加强本地区家蝇抗药性监测工作,统一指导,科学合理地开发和使用杀虫剂,可以预防或减缓家蝇抗药性的产生与发展。     

北京口岸地区蝇类监测报告

目的掌握北京口岸地区蝇类本底情况，为开展蝇类防制工作提供科学依据。方法2006年、2007年4—11月采用蝇笼诱捕法对北京口岸地区蝇类进行调查。结果捕获蝇类5科18属30种，年平均蝇密度为59．7只／（笼·d），在5月和9月分别形成2个高峰。结论北京口岸地区蝇类防治的重点是清除蝇类孳生地。     

趋势面分析在国境口岸蝇类密度监测中应用

〔目的〕对国境口岸蝇类年平均密度分布特点以及年平均气温与降雨量对其密度影响程度进行探索研究,了解国境口岸蝇类密度地理空间的分布规律及气候因素对其影响的特点。〔方法〕对36个口岸蝇类年平均密度资料应用趋势面及残差分析法进行分析。〔结果〕建立经纬度的蝇密度三阶趋势面函数(拟合优度为72.23%)和气温降雨量的蝇密度三阶趋势面函数(拟合优度为63.30%),残差分析显示:以上两种函数的正残差值共同高于界值的有日照港、宁德、马尾口岸;共同低于负残差界值的有扬州港和福清江阴港。〔结论〕三阶趋势面函数能较好地描述蝇密度口岸分布;蝇密度地理坐标空间分布规律是东南地域密度趋高,气温降雨量的蝇密度分布规律显示一定的气温加适宜的降雨量是密度趋高的关键;残差分析中某些特殊口岸可能存在不良因素使蝇类密度趋高。