服用小剂量他达那非对动脉性勃起功能障碍患者临床疗效的观察

目的:观察服用小剂量磷酸二酯酶-5(PDE5)抑制剂他达那非对动脉性勃起功能障碍(ED)患者的疗效。方法:对43例动脉性ED患者采用了疗程为4周的隔日小剂量(5 mg)晚餐后口服他达那非的用药方案,在治疗前后进行IIEF-5评分同时用彩色多普勒超声联合阴茎血管活性药物前列腺素(PGE-1)注射实验,检测阴茎双侧海绵体动脉的收缩期最大流速(PSV)。结果:经统计学分析,IIEF-5评分以及阴茎双侧海绵体动脉的PSV在治疗4周后有显著提高(P<0.05)。结论:口服小剂量他达那非能有效提高动脉性ED患者阴茎海绵体动脉的收缩期最大流速,改善患者的勃起质量。     

中药振阳煎对动脉性勃起功能障碍患者阴茎血流动力学的影响

目的:通过中药振阳煎对动脉性勃起功能障碍(ED)患者阴茎血流动力学的临床观察,探索对动脉性ED 患者有效的治疗方法。　方法:47例(40～49岁)动脉性ED患者,用中药振阳煎口服治疗1个月,治疗前后均采 用罂粟碱30mg+酚妥拉明1mg进行阴茎海绵体内注射(ICI),并运用双功能彩色多普勒超声检查治疗前后阴茎 左右海绵体动脉收缩期最大血流流率(PSV)。　结果:47例患者经中药振阳煎治疗后,左右两侧海绵体动脉PSV 明显改善(P<0.05)。　结论:中药振阳煎能明显改善动脉性ED患者的阴茎海绵体动脉血流,有效促进阴茎勃起。     

阴茎异常勃起15例诊疗体会

目的:提高阴茎异常勃起的诊治水平。方法:15例阴茎异常勃起患者,年龄20～66岁,平均46岁。持续勃起时间10～172h,平均28.4h。其中血管活性药物所致6例,膀胱癌转移至阴茎1例,白血病2例,有外伤史者3例,不明诱因者3例。对异常勃起分型,治疗及预后进行分析。结果:15例患者中,12例为低流量型,3例为高流量型。随访1～26个月,12例低流量型患者中,7例经阴茎海绵体根部注射间羟胺2～6mg,必要时在阴茎头及阴茎海绵体根部置9号针头灌注肝素化生理盐水对冲治愈,其中2例发生ED;2例行阴茎海绵体与阴茎头血管分流术治愈,其中1例术后出现ED。2例因白血病引起的阴茎异常勃起保守治疗后缓解,1例膀胱癌转移至阴茎,行阴茎全切。3例高流量型患者中1例行选择性阴部内动脉栓塞后治愈,未发生ED,2例行保守治疗出院,随访均出现ED。结论:详细的病史、海绵体血气分析和彩色双功能超声等检查有助于阴茎异常勃起正确及时的诊断。阴茎异常勃起如保守治疗无效,应立刻进行手术治疗。     

阴茎血流电脑分析检测仪的临床应用(附508例体会)

目的 进一步探讨血管性ED和功能性ED的诊断与鉴别诊断。方法 用我院自行研制的阴茎血流电脑分析检测仪,对508例自诉有勃起功能障碍到我院就医的患者进行了检查,该检查是在阴茎海绵体内注射试验的基础上,检测6条阴茎动脉的血流量,并与自身的肱动脉血流量进行比较,以鉴别动脉性ED、静脉性ED、混合性ED和功能性ED。结果 功能性ED159例,静脉性ED206例,动脉性ED38例,混合性ED105例获得诊断。结论 本仪器是诊断血管性ED的有效仪器。     

血管性勃起功能障碍病人阴茎血流动力学的变化

目的分析血管性勃起功能障碍(ED)病人阴茎血流动力学的变化,提高对该病的诊断和治疗水平.方法对52例血管性ED病人分别采取海绵体内注射试验和阴茎彩色双功能超声等检查,分析其血流动力学变化.结果52例血管性ED(动脉性ED 14例,静脉性ED 26例,混合血管性ED 12例)病人在阴茎勃起的充盈、勃起、充分勃起和强直勃起期均有明显不同的血流动力学变化,表现为充盈、勃起期延长,充分勃起和强直勃起减少等.结论血管性ED会发生明显的阴茎血流动力学变化,了解该变化有助于其正确诊断和采取适当的治疗方法.     

彩色多普勒超声检查在血管性勃起功能障碍诊断中的应用

目的 :探讨多普勒超声检查在诊断血管性勃起功能障碍 (ED)的临床价值。　方法 :应用多普勒超声检查阴茎药物诱导勃起前后的血液动力学改变 ,将非血管性ED病人与明确诊断血管性ED病人的多普勒超声变化进行对比 ,寻找血管性ED的特征。　结果 :动脉性ED病人深动脉的最大血流速度 (PSV)明显小于正常组 (P <0 .0 1) ;静脉性ED病人在阴茎完全勃起后背深静脉血流 (VV)仍大于对照组 (P <0 .0 5 )。　结论 :配合药物诱导阴茎勃起 ,多普勒超声检查是临床上筛选血管性ED的有效手段     

糖尿病性勃起功能障碍的超声研究

目的 应用彩色多普勒超声血流显像(CDFI)技术探讨动脉在糖尿病性勃起功能障碍(ED)中的作用.方法 23例糖尿病性ED患者和30例非糖尿病ED患者经阴茎海绵体注射前列地尔注射液(主要成分为PGE1)10 μg诱导勃起后,行CDFI检查双侧海绵体动脉血流动力学指标,包括收缩期最大流速(PSV)、舒张末期流速(EDV)、阻力指数(RI)及内径(R).结果 PSV和R这两项指标在糖尿病性ED和非糖尿病ED患者中存在差异具有统计学意义,EDV和RI在两组患者中的差异没有统计学意义.糖尿病性ED患者中的动脉性ED明显多于非糖尿病性ED.结论 动脉供血不足在糖尿病性勃起功能障碍发病机制中起着重要作用.阴茎海绵体注射血管活性药物后CDFI对血管性ED检查是一种微创而准确的方法.     

阴茎疲软状态下海绵体动脉收缩期最大流速对动脉性ED的预测作用初探

目的 探索阴茎疲软状态下海绵体动脉收缩期最大流速(peak systolic velocity,PSV)对动脉性ED的预测作用及具体预测值.方法 随机入组男科门诊ED患者337名,并对比疲软和勃起状态下的PSV.结果 入组患者中,有68名患者确诊为动脉性ED.该部分患者阴茎疲软状态下海绵体动脉PSV与勃起状态下PSV显著相关(P<0.01),接受者操作特性曲线(receiver operating characteristic curve,ROC曲线)分析显示,当疲软状态下PSV小于15cm/s时,预测勃起状态下PSV小于30cm/s的准确率为82%.通过对患者焦虑自评量表(self-rating anxiety scale,SAS)的得分评估还发现,焦虑情绪会对勃起状态下PSV检测结果 产生影响(P<0.05),但不会对疲软状态下的PSV检测结果 产生影响.结论 初步结论 显示,阴茎疲软状态下海绵体动脉PSV对勃起状态下的PSV具有一定的预测意义,准确率可达82%.     

如何诊断血管性勃起功能障碍

血管性勃起功能障碍(ED)，是器质性ED之一种。血管性ED分动脉性与静脉性两种，其具体诊断方法，都是通过判断阴茎血液动力学情况，以估计阴茎的动脉或静脉有否问题。目前，临床上常用的阴茎血液动力学检查方法有如下几种。     

阴茎异常勃起的诊断和治疗(附12例报告)

目的提高阴茎异常勃起的诊治水平。方法统计临床所见12例阴茎异常勃起患者，年龄20-62岁，平均44岁。持续勃起时间13-162h，平均25．4h。其中血管活性药物所致5例，膀胱癌转移至阴茎异常勃起1例，白血病1例，有外伤史者3例，不明诱因者2例。对异常勃起分型，治疗及预后进行分析。结果12例患者中9例为低流量型，3例为高流量型。随访2—26个月，9例低流量型患者中，5例经阴茎海绵体根部注射间羟胺2—6mg，必要时在阴茎头及阴茎海绵体根部置9号针头灌注肝素化生理盐水对冲治愈，其中2例发生勃起功能障碍（ED）；2例行阴茎海绵体与阴茎头血管分流术治愈，其中一例术后出现ED；因白血病引起的阴茎异常勃起1例，膀胱癌转移至阴茎1例，预后均不佳。3例高流量型患者中1例行选择性阴部内动脉栓塞后治愈，无ED；2例行保守治疗出院，均有ED发生。结论详细的病史、海绵体血气分析和彩色双功能超声等检查有助于阴茎异常勃起准确及时的诊断。阴茎异常勃起如保守治疗无效，应立刻进行手术治疗。关键词阴茎异常勃起，诊断，治疗     

Penile prosthesis implantation

The development of effective systemic therapy for the treatment of erectile dysfunction has resulted in a significant increase in the number of men presenting for treatment. Not all men with erectile dysfunction will respond to systemic therapy; those who fail may be candidates for penile prosthesis implantation if second and third lines of treatment also fail or are rejected by the patient and his partner. Penile prosthesis implantation continues to play a role in the treatment of erectile dysfunction. There is a potential for the number of penile prosthesis implantation procedures to actually increase. The ideal penile prosthesis is a three-piece inflatable device that permits good penile flaccidity and increases in size and becomes rigid with inflation.     

Surgical management of erectile dysfunction

The introduction of penile prosthesis in the early 1970s has been the first breakthrough in the treatment of erectile dysfunction. Since then a variety of treatment options for erectile dysfunction have been developed, including penile vascular surgery, injection therapy, vacuum erection device therapy, intraurethral and oral pharmacotherapy. Although the percentage of men newly diagnosed with erectile dysfunction who undergo surgical treatment has declined, the number of men presenting with erectile dysfunction continues to increase out of proportion to this decline. Moreover, many men that are now effectively managed with medical treatment are likely to require penile prosthesis implantation as their erectile dysfunction progresses. This chapter will focus on the surgical management of erectile dysfunction and in particular on penile prosthesis implantation.     

HbA1c over 8.5% is not predictive of increased infection rate following penile prosthesis implant surgery in diabetic patients with erectile dysfunction

Diabetes mellitus is associated with increased risk of erectile dysfunction. Penile prosthesis implantation is an efficient therapeutic option for erectile dysfunction, but not without risk, as infection remains a prominent concern. This study investigates diabetes mellitus as a risk factor for penile prosthesis implantation infection and the relationship between haemoglobinA1c levels and infection rates. All diabetic patients with erectile dysfunction who underwent penile prosthesis implantation surgery between January 2012 and November 2019 at Hamad Medical Corporation, Qatar, were included in this retrospective observational study. A total of 599 diabetic patients with erectile dysfunction had penile prosthesis implantation. Mean age was 59.69 ± 31.19. Penile prosthesis implantation infection rate was 0.83% (5/599), while the mean haemoglobinA1c level was 7.58 ± 1.45 mmol/l (range: 4.1–12.6). A comparison between diabetic patients with penile prosthesis implantation infection and those without infection revealed no significant difference in the level of haemoglobinA1c between the two groups with mean haemoglobinA1c in patients with infected implants 7.14 and 7.59 for noninfected (p = 0.491). Limitations include retrospective single-centre design and low-infection rates reducing sample number. Penile prosthesis implantation infection rate in a large series of diabetic patients was low with no significant association between haemoglobinA1c level and penile prosthesis implantation infection observed.     

可充胀阴茎假体治疗勃起功能障碍的体会

目的：探讨三件套可充胀阴茎假体治疗勃起功能障碍（ED）的疗效。方法：选择5例ED患者，其中50岁以上4例，并发糖尿病3例，高血压动脉粥样硬化1例，另1例为骨盆骨折、尿道断裂伤引起神经性ED。5例均采用三件套可充胀阴茎假体植入术。结果：4例术后伤口如期愈合，能够达到满意的性生活，另1例因阴茎过短，假体植入后，伤口长期不愈合，出现组织排异现象，导致尿道海绵体坏死、穿孔。漏尿而最后不得不取出假体。结论：ED患者植入三件套可充胀阴茎假体，手术切口小，愈合后不易察觉，治疗效果好，患者乐于接受。     

Implante de prótesis peneana: indicaciones y abordaje penoescrotal

Inflatable penile prosthesis was developed in 1973 as a definitive treatment for erectile dysfunction. Since then these prosthetic devices underwent huge modifications, and scientific and technologic advances were accomplished, improving reliability, longevity and the surgical outcomes. Surgical implantation of a penile prosthesis may be considered in patients with erectile dysfunction who do not respond to pharmacotherapy or who prefer a permanent solution to their problem. According to the 2019 EAU Guidelines, regardless of the indication, prosthesis implantation has one of the highest satisfaction rates (92-100% in patients and 91-95% in partners) among the treatment options for erectile dysfunction based on appropriate consultation. The penoscrotal handling is the most common approach accounting for >80% of inflatable penile prosthesis placed worldwide. Most frequent complaints and dissatisfaction with inflatable penile prosthesis are related to technical issues or poor surgical outcomes such as the final length of the penis. There is an urgent need to improve the patient awareness in inflatable penile prosthesis in the preoperative arena, including the high expectation management, and an effort to select the proper patients for definitive treatment.     

Visión global de las guías clínicas en cirugía de la disfunción eréctil: EUA-AUA

IntroductionThe implantation of a penile prosthesis is considered a third-line treatment and is indicated in patients who do not respond adequately to pharmacotherapy or require definitive treatment. Currently, the most used devices are 3-component penile prostheses, which presently account for more than 90% of the implants used.Material and methodsWe reviewed the evidence and the recommendations of the clinical practice guidelines regarding surgery in patients with erectile dysfunction.ResultsThe recommendations of the clinical practice guidelines on surgery in patients with erectile dysfunction are summarized as follows: men with erectile dysfunction should be informed about the option of penile prosthesis implant treatment, commenting on the benefits, risks and consequences; men with erectile dysfunction who have agreed to receive penile prosthesis should be advised on post-surgical expectations; penile prosthesis implants should not be performed in patients with systemic, cutaneous or urinary tract infection; in young men with erectile dysfunction and focal penile or pelvic arterial obstruction who do not have generalized vascular disease or veno-occlusive dysfunction, penile arterial reconstruction can be considered; in men with erectile dysfunction, penile venous surgery is not recommended.ConclusionsThe use of penile prostheses offers high satisfaction rates to both the patient and his partner. However, it is crucial to adequately inform and warn patients about possible complications and consequences.     

三件套可控性阴茎假体植入术治疗器质性勃起障碍

目的观察三件套可控性阴茎假体植入术治疗器质性阴茎勃起障碍(ED)的疗效、安全性及可靠性。方法我科自1999年3月~2003年10月起使用国产/进口可控性阴茎假体对7例器质性ED患者进行假体植入治疗,并对其进行随访观察。结果7例器质性ED假体植入患者术后1周内均有不同程度的阴茎疼痛,其中1例因长期焦虑症状和阴茎勃起疼痛取出假体;其余假体目前使用情况良好。结论可控性阴茎假体植入术治疗器质性ED有效、安全、疗效可靠。良好的医患沟通,严格掌握手术适应证,正确仔细术中操作,正确及时假体使用指导是手术成功有效的保证。     

Penile prosthesis for the treatment of erectile dysfunction

The erectile dysfunction is a pathology that, with different degrees of intensity, affects nearly the 20% of the spanish adult men. The treatment is usually performed in stages, reserving the penile prosthesis for when other previous treatments have failed. The aim of this work is to evaluate, according to the state of present knowledge, the effectiveness and security of the penile prosthesis for the treatment of the erectile dysfunction. With this purpose 52 articles were selected, observing a 5 years prosthesis survival of 78-91% and a 3-8% of surgical complications. Mechanical failures and infection percentages were smaller in the semi-rigid prosthesis that in the inflatable ones, with high levels of postoperative satisfaction in patients as well as in their couples, even greater than in other treatments available at the present time. The penile prosthesis implantation must be reserved for the organic erectile dysfunction when previous treatments have failed, evaluating the risk-benefit relation and informing the patient of the results that are hoped to be obtained and of the possible complications that can arise. In view of the great concern of our society with the erectile function and the availability of effective drugs, an increase in the demand of penile prosthesis implantation is predictable in those patients highly motivated, but refractory to the less invasive treatments.     

Silicone-silver penis prosthesis (Jonas-Eska), long-term experiences. A critical assessment

As an example of a semirigid/malleable penile prosthesis for the treatment of erectile dysfunction, the silicone-silver device is described. After a short introduction in which all types in current use are listed, the penile prosthesis itself and the implantation technique are described and the long-term results, which are good in around 92% of the cases, are presented. Importance is attached to the problems and complications and to the specification of surgical aids needed for successful implantation. In view of the alternative treatment options available, the use of alloplastics is now regarded as a last option in the treatment of erectile dysfunction; however, even in 1991 penile implants give the best results known so far.     

Penile prosthesis implantation in the era of medical treatment for erectile dysfunction

Penile prosthesis implantation, the oldest of the modern treatments for erectile dysfunction (ED), still plays an important role despite the advent of less invasive alternatives. For some men with ED, penile prosthesis implantation is the only effective or acceptable treatment. Penile prosthesis implantation remains a viable option in the contemporary management of ED as evidenced by annual penile prosthesis implantation cases in the United States rising from 17,540 in 2000 to 22,420 in 2009. Improvements in prosthesis design and implantation techniques have resulted in significant increases in device survival and patient satisfaction.