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1.
Venkateshbabu Nagendrababu Shaju Jacob Pulikkotil Peerawat Jinatongthai Sajesh K. Veettil Nattawat Teerawattanapong James L. Gutmann 《Journal of endodontics》2019,45(4):364-371
Introduction
This review aimed to find the most effective oral premedication in reducing pain in adults after nonsurgical root canal therapy (NSRCT) using network meta-analysis.Methods
The review protocol was registered in the PROSPERO database (CRD42017071899). A literature search was performed in the MEDLINE and EBSCOhost databases until June 2017 with no language restriction. Randomized controlled trials evaluating the efficacy of oral premedications, whether given alone or in combination, compared with other agents, placebo, or no treatment in adult patients before NSRCT for postoperative pain were included. Nonintervention studies, nonendodontic studies, animal studies, and reviews were excluded. The quality of the studies was assessed using the revised Cochrane risk of bias tool. Pair-wise meta-analysis, network meta-analysis, and quality of evidence assessment using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation criteria was performed.Results
Eleven studies comparing pharmacologic groups of medications were included in the primary analysis. Compared with placebo, corticosteroids (prednisolone 30–40 mg) was ranked best for reducing postoperative pain (median difference [MD] = ?18.14 [95% confidence interval (CI), ?32.90 to ?3.37] for the pain score at 6 hours; MD = ?22.17 [95% CI, ?36.03 to ?8.32] for the pain score at 12 hours; and MD = ?21.50 [95% CI, ?37.95 to ?5.06] for the pain score at 24 hours). However, the evidence was very low (6 and 24 hours) to moderate quality (12 hours). Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were ranked least among the medications, and the quality of this evidence was very low. Additional analysis based on the chemical name showed that sulindac, ketorolac, and ibuprofen significantly reduced pain at 6 hours, whereas piroxicam and prednisolone significantly reduced the pain at 12 and 24 hours. Etodolac was found to be least effective in reducing pain. Overall, the evidence was of moderate to very low quality.Conclusions
Based on the limited and low-quality evidence, oral premedication with piroxicam or prednisolone could be recommended for controlling postoperative pain after NSRCT. However, more trials are warranted to confirm the results with a higher quality of evidence. 相似文献2.
Mohammed Nadeem Ahmed Bijle Manikandan Ekambaram Edward C.M. Lo Cynthia Kar Yung Yiu 《Journal of Evidence》2019,19(1):28-33
Background
Several significant issues on clinical trials reporting the effect of arginine-containing dental products have been addressed in systematic reviews and meta-analyses identifying the need for high-quality randomized clinical trials. A further methodological analysis of the given systematic reviews with meta-analysis on arginine products might provide information for future high-quality randomized clinical trials and current clinical practice.Objective(s)
The objective was to perform a meta-epidemiological assessment of meta-analyses reporting the anticaries effect of arginine-containing formulations.Methods
The data on risk-of-bias assessment, effect size measure, dispersion of estimated precision, and follow-up period were summarized for the meta-epidemiological review analysis.Results
Studies with larger magnitude of effect sizes might present with unclear random sequence generation and unclear allocation concealment representing the selection bias. There was a significant strong negative correlation between the follow-up time and dispersion of precision estimates (rs = ?0.79, P = .034).Conclusion
Results show that clinical trials on arginine dental products have methodological shortcomings. Both the selection bias and follow-up period influence the effect size magnitude and subsequent precision dispersion during evidence synthesis in clinical trials on arginine-containing dental products. 相似文献3.
Akina Hisada Koichi Nakamura Yuki Toyota Ayako Maeda Toshihiro Yoshihara Yasutaka Yawaka 《Pediatric Dental Journal》2019,29(1):17-22
Objective
The objective of the present in vitro study was to evaluate the influence of endodontic irrigation systems on the removal of smear layer and ion diffusion of calcium hydroxide through dentinal tubules in root external resorption models.Materials and methods
Forty single-rooted teeth were divided into four groups (G1, G2, G3, and G4) according to the irrigation regimens: G1, saline solution; G2, 10% sodium hypochlorite with ultrasonic irrigation; G3, 14% EDTA with ultrasonic irrigation; G4, 14% EDTA with ultrasonic irrigation → 10% sodium hypochlorite with ultrasonic irrigation. Ultrasonic irrigation lasted 45 seconds and all the roots were irrigated with 2 mL of saline solution. In experiment 1, the samples were observed on the root canal wall using scanning electron microscope and the percentage of opened dentinal tubules (POD) was calculated. Experiment 2 evaluated the diffusion of calcium ions through dentinal tubules.Results
In the middle region of root canals, the mean POD values were 0.11, 5.02, 82.17 and 96.72 in G1, G2, G3, and G4, respectively. In the apical region of root canals, the mean POD values were 0.06, 0.43, 4.41, and 12.70 in G1, G2, G3, and G4, respectively. The diffusion of calcium ions in G4 was significantly high in all groups.Conclusion
This study demonstrated that a combination of EDTA and sodium hypochlorite with ultrasonic irrigation was most effective in removing the smear layer and ion diffusion from the root canal to the surrounding media. 相似文献4.
Yvonne S. Lin Marilynn L. Rothen Peter Milgrom 《Journal of the American Dental Association (1939)》2019,150(3):186-192
Background
Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) is used topically to prevent or arrest caries. The authors' aim was to characterize the kinetics of silver and fluoride after topical application of SDF.Methods
Sixteen adults participated in a pharmacokinetics study after the application of 38% SDF to 5 teeth (approximately 50 microliters, estimated 4-11 milligrams per participant). Serum and urine samples were collected over 24 hours after application and were analyzed for silver and fluoride.Results
Silver serum peak was 0.67 (standard deviation [SD], 0.49) nanograms per milliliter; median time to peak was 3 hours. The estimated elimination half-life of silver was 46 (SD, 26) hours. No silver was recovered in urine. Baseline fluoride serum levels ranged from less than 10 through 50 ng/mL (< 0.01-0.05 parts per million) and fluctuated around baseline after SDF. The 24-hour urinary fluoride was 1.29 (SD, 0.81) mg.Conclusions
SDF was well tolerated in this study, and no adverse events related to SDF were reported.Practical Implications
This clinical study confirmed that topical application of 38% SDF, in growing use in the United States, is safe and well tolerated in healthy adults. 相似文献5.
Tyler V. Verhaeghe Bernie A. Linke Cheryl E. Cable Nesrine Mostafa 《The Journal of prosthetic dentistry》2019,121(4):604-610
Statement of problem
A recent trend has been to reduce the procedural complexity of complete denture fabrication. Whether the clinical remount step is necessary is unclear.Purpose
The purpose of this systematic review was to assess the relevance of the clinical remount procedure on complete denture outcomes.Material and methods
Five electronic databases were searched through to May 2018. The terms “denture*”, “dental prosthes*”, “equilibrat*”, and “remount*” were chosen. The titles and abstracts were screened, and those which met the inclusion criteria were selected for full-text assessment. Studies that only performed the laboratory remount or were not randomized controlled studies were excluded.Results
After duplicate removal, the database search strategy resulted in a total of 226 potential studies. After the titles and abstracts had been screened and the inclusion and exclusion criteria applied, 10 studies were retrieved for full-text assessment. Four randomized controlled clinical studies were included in the systematic review. A meta-analysis could not be performed because of variation in outcome measures after the clinical remount.Conclusions
A clinical remount for complete dentures is recommended on delivery to reduce clinically observed areas of discomfort and reduce the number of recall appointments. The development of a reliable and valid patient satisfaction questionnaire is necessary to determine conclusively whether the clinical remount also improves patient-perceived satisfaction and mastication. 相似文献6.
Statement of problem
An assessment of the evidence for the antagonist enamel wear of tooth-supported monolithic zirconia posterior crowns is lacking.Purpose
The purpose of this systematic review was to identify and summarize clinical studies related to the antagonist enamel wear of tooth-supported monolithic zirconia posterior crowns.Material and methods
PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane library searches were performed and complemented by manual searches from database inception to December 25, 2017, for title and abstract analysis.Results
Initially, 198 articles were obtained through database searches. Twenty-one articles were selected for full-text analysis, and 5 studies met the inclusion criteria. Because of the heterogeneity in design, surface treatment, measurement methods, and wear parameters, a meta-analysis was not possible. The selected studies were analyzed regarding the antagonist natural enamel wear of zirconia, measurement methods, and surface treatment. The results of the antagonist enamel wear varied widely, which made comparing them scientifically with absolute values difficult.Conclusions
This review indicated that the antagonist enamel wear of zirconia was similar to or more than that of natural teeth but less than that of metal-ceramics. Additional properly designed, longer follow-up clinical trials with larger sample sizes are needed to evaluate the antagonist enamel wear of monolithic zirconia crowns in vivo. 相似文献7.
Tuğba Moralı Güler Selçuk Yılmazlar Gonca Özgün 《Journal of cranio-maxillo-facial surgery》2019,47(4):561-569
Purpose
The proximal portion of the optic nerve is quite prone to injury at the entrance of the optic foramen by tumoral or traumatic pathologies. As a result, it is important to show which way and which part we can effectively and safely decompress the pathologies affecting the optic nerves. In this study, we compared the decompression of the proximal segment of the optic canal Likewise, we investigated the anatomy and histopathology of the opticocarotid region from below and above.Materials and methods
A total of 30 adult sellar and parasellar samples were extracted from human cadavers. Anatomical dissection and histological examination were performed from transcranial and transsphenoidal ways. The walls of the proximal optic canal were evaluated with an operating microscope and endoscope. The relationship between the optic canal, the internal carotid artery, and the optic nerve were qualitatively and quantitatively examined.Results
Similar rates of circular optic canal decompression were achieved by each approach; however, by means of decompression, the transsphenoidal approach was superior for the inferior and medial portions of the optic nerve and transcranial approach was superior for the superior and lateral portions and also more appropriate for optic nerve mobilization.Conclusion
This is one of the first studies to reveal the ways of the decompression of the proximal optic canal by transcranial and transsphenoidal approaches. According to this study, the medial and inferior proximal portions of the optic nerves are histologically more prone to injury caused by traction or compression. Transcranial or transsphenoidal approach should be preferred according to the location of the pathology and anatomical and histological characteristics of this region. 相似文献8.
Jorge N.R. Martins Duarte Marques Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal Silva João Caramês Marco A. Versiani 《Journal of endodontics》2019,45(4):372-386.e4
Introduction
In the literature, several prevalence studies on root canal anatomy using cone-beam computed tomographic technology are currently available although their results remain disperse. This systematic review aimed to appraise and combine, under strict criteria conditions, selected prevalence studies in order to comprehend the distribution of root canal configuration types among different populations.Methods
This systematic review was registered in PROSPERO. Six electronic databases were accessed, and the studies were selected according to a predefined inclusion/exclusion criteria. References of the collected studies and 3 peer-reviewed endodontic journals were hand searched. The authors of the selected studies were contacted for additional information. All eligible studies were submitted to a scientific merit evaluation by 2 evaluators independently, who also reached a final consensus for each study score using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal tool for prevalence studies.Results
Fifty-two studies from 28 different countries including 102,610 teeth and presenting a Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal tool average score of 80.5% were included in this review. Overall, results showed a wide prevalence range of the second mesiobuccal canal in maxillary first and second molars but also a high prevalence of single-rooted configuration in maxillary first premolars and mandibular second molars and 3-rooted morphology in the mandibular first molar of Asian populations.Conclusions
The included studies showed a global tendency for a particular morphology in some groups of teeth, whereas others showed diversity in specific anatomic types among different populations. 相似文献9.
Parnwad Sasanakul Ruchanee Salingcarnboriboon Ampornaramveth Pavena Chivatxaranukul 《Journal of endodontics》2019,45(3):332-337
Introduction
The aims of this study were to evaluate the effectiveness of disinfection methods and determine the most promising irrigation protocol for regenerative endodontics in teeth with large root canals.Methods
Sterilized root samples with 0.8-mm wide apical foramen (n = 94) were prepared from human mandibular premolars. Ninety-two samples were infected with Enterococcus faecalis for 21 days and biofilm formation was verified using scanning electron microscopy (n = 2). The 90 infected samples were randomly assigned into 9 groups: no intervention (initial), 1.5% NaOCl irrigation (1.5 N), 2.5% NaOCl irrigation (2.5 N), 1.5 N + intermittent passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI), 1.5 N + intermittent canal brushing with Navitip FX (NFX), 1.5 N + intermittent XP-endo Finisher (XPF), 1.5 N + circumferential filing (CF), 1.5 N + 1-min Self-adjusting File (SAF), and 1.5 N + mechanical instrumentation using #90?110 files (MI). Subsequently, the root canal walls were shaved for microbial analysis. The mean colony-forming units (CFUs) were determined and analyzed using 1-way analysis of variance.Results
The mean CFU count was lowest in the MI group (63.5 CFU/mL), followed by the NFX, XPF, SAF, 2.5 N, CF, PUI, 1.5 N, and initial groups. The remaining bacteria in the 1.5 N group was 3.6-fold higher than that of the PUI group; 4- to 5-fold higher than that of the 2.5 N, CF, and SAF groups; and 22-fold and 36-fold higher than that of the XPF and NFX groups, respectively. The 2.5 N and 1.5 N groups with adjunctive treatments, excluding the PUI group, had significantly fewer remaining bacteria compared with the 1.5 N group (P < .05).Conclusions
Performing various procedures supplemental to 1.5 N improved large root canal disinfection. Adjunctive NFX most effectively reduced the number of bacteria without dentin removal. 相似文献10.
Yu Qiu Yanfen Li Binju Gao Jun Li Lizhen Pan Zuo Ye Yang Lin LiSong Lin 《Journal of cranio-maxillo-facial surgery》2019,47(5):837-841
Objective
We compared the clinical efficacy between the vacuum sealing drainage (VSD)-assisted irrigation technique and traditional abscess incision and drainage technique in the treatment of severe multiple-space infections in the oral, maxillofacial, and cervical regions.Methods
Data of 73 patients with severe oral, maxillofacial, and cervical infections, who were admitted to the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department at the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University between June 2014 and May 2017, were retrospectively collected. Patients were divided into two groups based on the treatments. The cure duration, incision length, physician workload (frequency of dressing-change), and treatment costs were compared between the two groups.Results
Of 73 patients, 38 were treated with the VSD-assisted irrigation technique, and 35 with the traditional technique. All patients were cured following treatment. The cure duration, surgical scar length, and physician workload were smaller for the former group than for the latter group (p < 0.05). There was no difference in the treatment costs between the two groups (p > 0.05).Conclusion
VSD-assisted irrigation technique used in the treatment of severe multiple-space infection in the oral and maxillofacial cervical regions shows favorable clinical effects and enables short treatment duration, lesser pain-experience, and high clinical and therapeutic efficacy. 相似文献11.
Paulo Valdeci Worm Guilherme Finger Tobias Ludwig do Nascimento Carla Bittencourt Rynkowski Marcus Vinicius Martins Collares 《Journal of cranio-maxillo-facial surgery》2019,47(5):715-719
Objective
To evaluate the quality of life in patients with moderate or large cranial bone defects before and after late cranioplasty.Methods
Authors performed a prospective clinical trial including all consecutive patients that filled inclusion criteria during a period of 1 year. All patients answered the quality of life SF-36 questionnaire in 5 different times. Besides authors gathered information about the primary trauma and demographic characteristics.Results
A total of 70 consecutive patients were admitted to the hospital during the study period, and 62 were included in the project. Cranioplasty statistically improved patients' quality of life in all 8 domains after a 24 months follow-up.Conclusion
Cranioplasty has a significant impact over the quality of life in brain trauma victims who survived the primary trauma and harbor a large cranial bone defect. 相似文献12.
Oral Cenk Aktas Wolfgang Metzger Ayman Haidar Yahya Açil Aydin Gülses Jörg Wiltfang Catharina Marques Sacramento Frank Philipp Nothdurft 《Journal of cranio-maxillo-facial surgery》2019,47(4):661-667
Background
Promoting the directional attachment of gingiva to the dental implant leads to the formation of tight connective tissue which acts as a seal against the penetration of oral bacteria. Such a directional growth is mostly governed by the surface texture.Material and methods
In this study, three different methods, mechanical structuring, chemical etching and laser treatment, have been explored for their applicability in promoting cellular attachment and alignment of human primary gingival fibroblasts (HGFIBs).Results
The effectiveness of mechanical structuring was shown as a simple and a cost-effective method to create patterns to align HGIFIBs.Conclusion
Combining mechanical structuring with chemical etching enhanced both cellular attachment and the cellular alignment. 相似文献13.
David Donnermeyer Hendrik Wyrsch Sebastian Bürklein Edgar Schäfer 《Journal of endodontics》2019,45(3):322-326
Introduction
The aim of the present study was to compare sonic activation using EDDY (VDW, Munich, Germany), passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI), and mechanical activation using the XPendo Finisher (FKG Dentaire, La Chaux-des-Fonds, Switzerland) for the removal of calcium hydroxide from artificial grooves in straight root canals.Methods
The root canals of 90 human maxillary incisors with straight root canals were prepared using Mtwo files (VDW) up to size 40/.04, and the teeth were split longitudinally. A lateral groove in the apical or coronal part was prepared in each root half and filled with calcium hydroxide, and the root halves were reassembled. Five groups were established according to the removal techniques: group A, the XPendo Finisher; group B, EDDY; group C, PUI; group D, manual irrigation with a syringe; and group E, no irrigation (the control group). The activation procedures were performed for 30 seconds with 3 mL sodium hypochlorite 3% as the irrigant. The cleanliness of the grooves was scored under 10× magnification. The median of scoring was analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test (P = .05).Results
All activation techniques were significantly more effective in the removal of calcium hydroxide than manual irrigation (P < .05). Regarding the apical groove, EDDY and PUI were significantly more effective in the removal of calcium hydroxide than the XPendo Finisher (P < .05). No difference was found for the coronal groove (P > .05).Conclusions
EDDY and PUI were significantly more effective in the removal of calcium hydroxide than the XPendo Finisher regarding the apical region. Manual irrigation was significantly less effective than all activation techniques. 相似文献14.
Lisa A. Lang Sarah E. Hansen Norma Olvera Sorin Teich 《The Journal of prosthetic dentistry》2019,121(4):611-617
Statement of problem
Identifying factors that affect the clinical outcomes of implant therapy is important.Purpose
The purpose of this retrospective study was to determine whether implant location was a factor affecting the complication and failure rates of single-tooth implant-supported restorations in a predoctoral setting.Material and methods
The charts of 431 patients treated with a surgically placed dental implant and restored with a single crown in the predoctoral clinic were analyzed. Data on implant location, type of complication (surgical or prosthetic), and type of failure were collected and analyzed according to implant location using the Fisher Exact Test and Mantel-Haenszel Exact Chi Square Test analysis (α=.05).Results
The charts revealed 158 complications (68 surgical and 90 prosthetic) in 110 patients, and 3.9% of the implants failed. No statistically significant difference was found between the number of surgical complications or prosthetic complications in the maxilla and the mandible (P=.469).Conclusions
Jaw location (maxilla compared with mandible) of the implant had no statistically significant impact on the incidence of surgically or prosthetically related complications. No statistically significant difference was found in overall implant failures, surgical failures, and prosthetic failures between maxillary and mandibular implants. 相似文献15.
Mark A. Saxen Douglas E. Peterson Michael Mashni 《Journal of the American Dental Association (1939)》2019,150(3):193-199
Background
Specialty-based practice is a fundamental component of US medicine and dentistry, yet the recognition of new dental specialties has markedly diminished in the past 50 years while medical specialization has flourished.Methods
This article reviews the history of specialty development while focusing on the underlying scientific, educational, and cultural changes in both professions. The process of dental specialty recognition is also examined.Results
The current dental specialty recognition process provides a set of criteria aspiring specialties need to fulfill at the time of application, yet the relationship between the criteria and the sequence for attaining them is undefined. Scientific development and evidence-based practice have grown to become the cornerstone of contemporary health care specialization.Conclusions
A new paradigm for specialty and subspecialty development in dentistry is needed. A model is presented herein that recognizes scientific development as the basis for specialization and describes a formal, sequenced process for the development of emerging specialties and subspecialties.Practical Implications
This new paradigm for dental specialty recognition builds on the current criteria for specialization while encouraging cross-disciplinary interaction and nurturing the development of emerging specialties and subspecialties in dentistry. Doing so will allow dentistry to maintain its lead role in the maintenance of oral health and oral disease treatment in the US population. 相似文献16.
David Selis Yashika Pande Cristine Smoczer Michelle Wheater Jamal Alhabeil Susan Paurazas Mazin Askar 《Journal of endodontics》2019,45(5):578-583
Introduction
A successful outcome of root canal therapy relies on effective disinfection of the root canal system, including the use of intracanal medicaments, which vary in their bactericidal and cytotoxic properties. Assessing the benefits and risks associated with the use of these medicaments is of extreme importance, especially in regenerative endodontic procedures, because residual stem cells may be harmed. In this study, we tested the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of a novel agent, 2-hydroxyisocaproic acid (HICA), and compared its properties with those of a well-established medicament, calcium hydroxide.Methods
Human periodontal ligament fibroblasts were exposed to varying concentrations of HICA (1, 2.5, 5, 10, 20, and 40 mg/mL) for 24 hours, and a dose-response curve was generated using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay. Immunofluorescence for 2 markers of DNA double-strand breaks, phosphorylated γH2AX and 53BP1, was used to establish the genotoxicity of HICA at various half maximal effective concentration (EC50) fractions. Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of HICA and calcium hydroxide at 1 mg/mL were compared at 24 and 48 hours using the same methods.Results
At 10 mg/mL and higher, HICA was significantly more cytotoxic and genotoxic than the control (P < .05 and P < .0001, respectively). Calcium hydroxide at 1 mg/mL was more cytotoxic than HICA at 1 mg/mL at 24 and 48 hours (P < .05 for both), whereas no difference in the accumulated DNA damage was observed.Conclusions
HICA is not cytotoxic and genotoxic at concentrations <10 mg/mL. At the concentration of 1 mg/mL, HICA is significantly less cytotoxic than calcium hydroxide. 相似文献17.
Hatem A. Alhadainy Carlos Flores-Mir Amany H. Abdel-Karim Jacqueline Crossman Tarek El-Bialy 《Journal of endodontics》2019,45(5):483-489
Introduction
The difference in the amount of orthodontic-induced external root resorption (OIERR) of endodontically treated teeth (ETT) compared with vital pulp teeth (VPT) treatment is controversial. This systematic review and meta-analysis assessed the available evidence regarding OIERR of ETT compared with VPT.Methods
PubMed, Scopus, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases were searched up to May 2018 to retrieve relevant studies. The studies were evaluated for eligibility criteria, and the risk of bias was assessed using the Risk of Bias In Non-randomised Studies of Interventions tool (Cochrane Bias Methods Group, Odense, Denmark). Weighted means of OIERR in ETT and VPT were calculated using a fixed effects model, and a random effects model was used to assess the significance of treatment effects.Results
Eight studies were identified, from which 7 were included in the meta-analyses. The funnel plot of the random effects model exhibited a symmetrical distribution, which indicates no publication bias of the included studies. Because of the significant heterogeneity between studies, a random effects model was used. Significantly less OIERR for ETT was identified compared with their contralateral VPT.Conclusions
Endodontic treatment does not seem to increase OIERR. 相似文献18.
Edmundo Marques do Nascimento-Júnior Gustavo Marques Sobral dos Santos Mário Luis Tavares Mendes Maximiliano Cenci Marcos Britto Correa Tatiana Pereira-Cenci Paulo Ricardo Saquete Martins-Filho 《Journal of the American Dental Association (1939)》2019,150(4):269-277.e1
Background
The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the efficacy of cryotherapy in reducing pain, trismus, and facial swelling in patients undergoing third-molar surgery.Types of Studies Reviewed
The authors searched for randomized clinical trials in PubMed, Web of Science, SCOPUS, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, ClinicalTrials.gov, Google Scholar, and OpenThesis. Eligibility criteria were population: patients submitted to removal of impacted third molars; intervention and comparison: postoperative cryotherapy versus no cold therapy; and outcomes: primary outcome was postoperative pain, and secondary outcomes were facial swelling and trismus. Eligible studies must have reported at least 1 of the outcomes of interest. After extracting data and assessing quality, the authors performed the meta-analyses.Results
The authors included 6 studies in the quantitative synthesis analysis. Differences in pain intensity were found on postoperative day 2 (weighted mean difference, ?0.72; 95% confidence interval, ?1.45 to 0.01; P = .05) and postoperative day 3 (weighted mean difference, ?0.36; 95% confidence interval, ?0.59 to ?0.13; P = .002). No evidence was found that cryotherapy was effective in reducing trismus and facial swelling. The quality of evidence was graded as low.Conclusions and Practical Implications
Evidence suggests that cryotherapy may have a small benefit in reducing pain after third-molar surgery, but it is not effective on facial swelling and trismus. Owing to the lack of standardization of cold application, effective evidence-based treatment protocols for cryotherapy after third-molar surgery still need to be established. 相似文献19.
Çağman Aksoy Elif Yıldızer Keriş Sis Darendeliler Yaman Mert Ocak Ferhat Geneci Hakan Hamdi Çelik 《Journal of endodontics》2019,45(3):338-342
Introduction
The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the frequency of dentinal microcracks observed after root canal preparation with XP-endo Shaper (XP), Reciproc Blue (RB), and ProTaper Universal (PTU) instruments using micro-computed tomographic (μCT) analysis.Methods
Thirty extracted mandibular first and second molars with mesial roots having 2 separate canals with an angle between 10°and 20° were randomly assigned to 3 experimental groups (n = 10) according to the different nickel-titanium systems used for root canal preparation: XP, RB, and PTU. The specimens were scanned using μCT imaging before and after root canal preparation. Then, preoperative and postoperative cross-sectional images of the teeth were evaluated to identify the presence of dentinal defects. For each group, the number of microcracks was determined as a percentage rate. The McNemar test was used to determine significant differences before and after instrumentation. The level of significance was set at P ≤ .05.Results
No new dentinal microcracks were observed in the XP and RB groups. The PTU system significantly increased the percentage rate of microcracks compared with preoperative specimens (P < .05).Conclusions
Root canal preparations with XP and RB systems might not induce the formation of new dentinal microcracks on the mesial roots of mandibular molars. Further assessments are suggested for the examination of the morphology of microcracks after the use of these instruments. 相似文献20.