Evaluation of serum CEA and CA19-9 levels as prognostic factors in patients with gastric cancer

Background. This clinicopathological study evaluated the utility of serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9 as predictors of locoregional recurrence and long-term disease-free survival in patients with gastric cancer. Methods. During the period January 1989 to December 1994, 485 patients with primary gastric cancer were evaluated. Gastrectomies were performed in 434 patients. Prognostic factors were analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method and multivariate analysis, using Cox regression. Results. Elevated serum CEA and CA19-9 levels were observed in 92 of the 485 patients (19.0%), and in 95 of the 435 patients (21.8%), respectively, and both markers were elevated in 29 of these 435 patients (6.7%). Elevated serum CEA and CA19-9 levels correlated well with lymph node metastasis, lymphatic invasion, vessel invasion, stage grouping, depth of invasion, and curability. Patients with elevated serum CEA levels were at significantly higher risk of having all recurrence factors than were those with normal serum CEA levels. Patients with elevated serum CA19-9 levels were at significantly higher risk of having peritoneal metastases and distant metastases than were those with normal serum CA19-9 levels. A significant difference in the cumulative survival curves of patients was demonstrated between those with elevated and those with normal serum CEA or CA19-9 levels, even for patients at the same disease stage (stage III). Patients with elevated levels of both markers had a significantly worse prognosis than patients in whom the levels of both markers were normal. In patients who underwent gastrectomy, elevated serum CEA levels either preoperatively or within 3 weeks after gastrectomy were associated with significantly worse prognosis than were normal levels. When the cutoff level of serum CEA was increased to 10 ng/ml, serum CEA, age, lymph node metastasis, and surgical stage grouping were selected as independent prognostic factors by multivariate analysis of 14 prognostic factors, using Cox regression. Conclusion. Serum CEA and CA19-9 levels provide additional prognostic information in patients with primary gastric cancer. In particular, an elevated serum CEA level provides additional prognostic information and is a useful indicator of curability in patients who undergo gastrectomy. Serum CEA level is an independent prognostic factor in patients with primary gastric cancer. Received: June 20, 2000 / Accepted: November 14, 2000     

Prognostic value of preoperative serum tumor markers in gastric cancer

AIM: To evaluate the prognostic value of preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen (CA)19-9, and CA50 in patients undergoing D2 resection.METHODS: We evaluated 363 patients with gastric cancer who underwent gastrectomy at our hospital from January 2006 to December 2009. Blood samples were obtained from each patient within 1 wk before surgery. The cut-off values for serum CEA, CA19-9, and CA50 were 5 ng/mL, 37 U/mL, and 20 U/mL, respectively. The correlation between preoperative tumor marker levels and prognosis was studied by means of univariate and multivariate analyses.RESULTS: The preoperative serum positive rates of CEA, CA19-9 and CA50 were 24.0%, 18.9% and 24.5%, respectively. The positivity rate of serum CEA was significantly correlated with age (P < 0.001), sex (P = 0.022), tumor size (P = 0.007) and depth of invasion (P = 0.018); CA19-9 with tumor size (P = 0.042) and lymph node metastasis (P < 0.001); and CA50 only with lymph node metastasis (P = 0.001). In multivariate analysis, tumor size, T category, N category, vascular or neural invasion, and adjuvant chemotherapy were independent prognostic factors for overall survival. CA19-9 had an independent prognostic significance in patients without adjuvant chemotherapy (P = 0.027).CONCLUSION: Preoperative serum CEA, CA19-9 and CA50 are prognostic in patients with gastric cancer. Only CA19-9 is an independent prognostic factor after surgery without adjuvant chemotherapy.     

Clinical Observations on the Association Between Diagnosis of Lung Cancer and Serum Tumor Markers in Combination

Objective: To evaluate the association of a diagnosis of lung cancer and combined detection of serumcarcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrateantigen 19-9 (CA19-9), neuron specific enolase (NSE) as well asthe cytokeratin 19 fragment (CYFRA21-1). Methods: Serum CEA, CA19-9, NSE and CYFRA21-1 were assessedin 150 patients with lung cancer, 100 patients with benign lung disease and 100 normal control subjects, anddifferences of expression were compared in each group, and joint effects of these tumor markers in the diagnosisof lung cancer were analyzed. Results: Serum CEA, CA19-9, NSE and CYFRA21-1 in patients with lung cancerwere significantly higher than those with benign lung disease and normal controls (p<0.01). It is suggested thatthese four tumor markers combined together could produce a positive detection rate of 90.2%, significantlyhigher than that of any single test. Conclusion: Combination detection of CEA, CA19-9, NSE and CYFRA21-1could significantly improve the sensitivity and specificity in diagnosis of lung cancer, and could be important inearly detection.     

CT扫描联合肿瘤特异性标志物诊断老年肺癌的价值

目的:CT扫描联合肿瘤特异性标志物诊断老年肺癌的价值,为临床诊断及治疗提供参考。方法:回顾性分析本院于2016年2月至2018年2月收治的194例老年肺癌患者作为观察组,另选取同期来院参加体检的健康志愿者68例作为对照组。所有老年肺癌患者均采用SIEMENS 64排CT行胸部扫描,并同时采用电化学发光法测定血清癌胚抗原（CEA）、神经元特异烯醇化酶（NSE）、癌抗原19-9（CA19-9）、细胞角蛋白21-1（CYFRA21-1）等特异性标志物水平。对比两组患者及不同类型肺癌患者的含量变化,并研究CT联合特异性标志物诊断的灵敏度和特异度。结果:两组间相比,观察组患者的血清CEA、NSE、CA19-9及CYFRA21-1含量均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;不同类型肺癌患者相比,周围型肺癌组与中央型肺癌组血清CEA、NSE、CA19-9和CYFRA21-1含量相比差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;就诊断效能而言,血清肿瘤特异性标志物联合CT扫描诊断的灵敏度94.6%,特异度96.3%,均高于单项诊断。结论:老年肺癌患者血清CEA、NSE、CA19-9及CYFRA21-1含量均升高,且周围型肺癌与中央型肺癌患者差异不显著,联合诊断的灵敏度及特异度较高,值得临床推广。     

Combined Detection of CEA,CA 19-9, CA 242 and CA 50 in the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Resectable Gastric Cancer

Our aim was to investigate the value of combined detection of serum  carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9, CA 242 and CA 50 in diagnosis and assessment of prognosis in consecutive gastric cancer patients. Clinical data including preoperative serum CEA, CA 19-9, CA 242, and CA 50 values and information on clinical pathological factors were collected and analyzed retrospectively. Univariate and multivariate survival analyses were used to explore the relationship between tumor markers and survival. Positive rates of tumor markers CEA, CA 19-9, CA 242 and CA 50 in the diagnosis of gastric cancer were 17.7, 17.1, 20.4 and 13.8%, respectively, and the positive rate for all four markers combined was 36.6%. Patients with elevated preoperative serum concentrations of CEA, CA 19-9, CA 242 and CA 50, had late clinical tumor stageand significantly poorer overall survival. Five-year survival rates in patients with elevated CEA, CA 19-9, CA 242 and CA 50 were 28.1, 25.8, 27.0 and 24.1%, respectively, compared with 55.0, 55.4, 56.4 and 54.5% in patients with these markers at normal levels (p<0.01). In multivariate Cox proportional hazards analyses, an elevated CA 242 level was determined to be an independent prognostic marker in gastric cancer patients. Combined detection of four tumor markers increased the positive rate for gastric cancer diagnosis. CA 242 showed higher diagnostic value and CA 50 showed lower diagnostic value. In resectable gastric carcinoma, preoperative CA 242 level was associated with disease stage, and was found to be a significant independent prognostic marker in gastric cancer patients.     

Diagnostic value of CYFRA 21-1, CEA, CA 19-9, CA 15-3, and CA 125 assays in pleural effusions: analysis of 116 cases and review of the literature

Levels of tumor markers in pleural effusions may help to establish the diagnosis of pleural malignancy, but the precise diagnostic value of each marker remains unclear. The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic value of five common pleural fluid tumor markers, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), cytokeratin fragment (CYFRA) 21-1, cancer antigen (CA) 15-3, CA 19-9, and CA 125, and to review the literature from the past 15 years. Pleural fluid samples were collected prospectively from 116 patients and assayed for CEA, CYFRA 21-1, CA 15-3, CA 19-9, and CA 125 levels. A MEDLINE search of the English-language literature from the past 15 years was also done. Effusions were classified as benign or malignant on the basis of their definitive pathologic or cytologic diagnoses. The levels of all pleural tumor markers were statistically significantly higher in the malignant group than in the benign group. The marker with the highest accuracy was CEA (85.3%); CA 15-3, CYFRA 21-1, and CA 19-9 had similar accuracies (75.2%, 72.4%, and 71.5%, respectively), and CA 125 had the lowest accuracy (40.5%). On univariate analysis, tumor-marker combinations did not result in a greater accuracy than that of CEA alone. On multivariate logistic regression, CA 15-3 and CYFRA 21-1 were significant predictors of malignancy. Among the nine reports in the literature comparing 11 different tumor markers, CEA, CA 15-3, and CYFRA 21-1 yielded the best results. We conclude that pleural fluid analysis should include CEA for the diagnosis of malignancy. CA 15-3 and CYFRA 21-1 may serve as alternative options.     

CT影像学特征与肿瘤特异性标志物联合诊断肺癌的价值

目的:探讨CT影像学特征与肿瘤特异性标志物联合诊断肺癌的价值。方法:选取我院于2016年3月至2017年9月收治的老年肺癌患者97例作为观察组;选取我院于2016年3月至2017年9月健康体检者68例作为对照组。老年肺癌患者均采用SIEMENS双源CT（Definition Flash）胸部扫描。取患者血清标本,采用电化学发光法测定血清特异性标志物水平变化,包括癌胚抗原（CEA）、神经元特异烯醇化酶（NSE）、癌抗原19-9（CA19-9）、细胞角蛋白21-1（CYFRA21-1）。结果:观察组血清CEA、NSE、CA19-9和CYFRA21-1含量高于对照组,且有统计学差异（P<0.05）;周围型肺癌组和中央型肺癌组血清CEA、NSE、CA19-9和CYFRA21-1含量变化无统计学差异（P>0.05）;CT扫描与血清肿瘤特异性标志物联合诊断灵敏度和特异度高于CT扫描及血清肿瘤特异性标志物。结论:CT影像学特征与肿瘤特异性标志物联合诊断肺癌的灵敏度和特异度高,值得临床研究。     

Serum Sialyl Lewis x and cytokeratin 19 fragment as predictive factors for recurrence in patients with stage I non-small cell lung cancer

This study aimed to establish the clinical significance of preoperative serum cytokeratin 19 fragment (CYFRA21-1) and Sialyl Lewis(x) (SLX) in patients with stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The study involved 137 patients (87 male, 50 female; median age 69 years) with completely resected stage I NSCLC. SLX, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC), and CYFRA21-1 were examined. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed to determine prognostic cut-off values. Among the 137 patients, we identified 30 with recurrence within 3 years. The 5-year survival rates in patients with (n=30) and without (n=107) recurrence were 14% and 81%, respectively. The serum concentrations of SLX, CEA, and CYFRA21-1 in the recurrence group were significantly higher than those in the non-recurrence group. The areas under the ROC curve (AUC) were 0.72, 0.65, 0.53, and 0.64 for SLX, CEA, SCC, and CYFRA21-1, respectively. The prognostic cut-off values were 36U/ml, 7.8ng/ml, 1.5ng/ml, and 3.2ng/ml for SLX, CEA, SCC, and CYFRA21-1, respectively. A log-rank test revealed that age, performance status, T factor, lymphatic invasion, vascular invasion, SLX, CEA, SCC, and CYFRA21-1 were all significantly associated with survival. By multivariate analysis, age, performance status, lymphatic invasion, SLX (risk ratio, 4.11) and CYFRA21-1 (risk ratio, 3.47) were independent prognostic factors. For patients positive for both CYFRA21-1 and SLX, the relative risk was 5.32 compared with patients who were negative for both markers. The 5-year survival rates were 80% in the group negative for both markers (n=86); 52% in the group positive for one of the markers (n=43); and 13% for the group positive for both markers (n=8) (p<0.001). We concluded that serum SLX and CYFRA21-1 were prognostic markers for stage I NSCLC. Their combination should contribute to the classification of stage I NSCLC patients. There is a need to consider adjuvant and neoadjuvant therapies to improve prognosis in patients positive for both tumor markers.     

TAP与传统肿瘤标志物在不同肿瘤中的相关性

目的:分析肿瘤异常蛋白（TAP）水平与其他10种传统肿瘤标志物在不同类型肿瘤患者中的相关性。方法:采集肺癌、结直肠癌、食管癌、胃癌患者血液样本,采用凝集素亲和方法检测TAP,采用化学发光免疫分析法检测甲胎蛋白（AFP）、癌胚抗原（CEA）、糖类抗原50（CA50）、糖类抗原19-9（CA19-9）、糖类抗原125（CA125）、糖类抗原72-4（CA72-4）、铁蛋白(FRT)、神经元特异性烯醇化酶（NSE）、鳞状细胞癌抗原（SCC）、细胞角蛋白19片段（CYFRA21-1）。采用Spearman分析TAP与传统肿瘤标志物之间的相关性。结果:TAP水平在4种肿瘤患者中无明显差异。肺癌患者中,TAP与CA125、CA19-9、CEA、CYFRA21-1、CA50的相关性具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结直肠癌患者中,TAP与CA19-9、CEA、CA50、CA72-4、FRT存在显著相关性（P<0.05）。胃癌患者中,TAP与CA125及CA50的相关性具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。食管癌患者中,TAP与10种传统肿瘤标志物均无显著相关性。结论:TAP与10种传统肿瘤标志物在不同类型肿瘤中的相关性并不一致,表明不同类型肿瘤细胞产生的异常糖链糖蛋白种类不同。     

六种肿瘤标志物在肺癌胸腔积液中的诊断价值

目的通过对胸腔积液和血清中6种肿瘤标志物的检测及胸腔积液脱落细胞学检查,探讨各指标在肺癌胸腔积液中的诊断价值。方法应用化学发光法和酶联免疫分析法测定50例肺癌和30例肺良性疾病患者的胸腔积液和血清中的癌胚抗原（CEA）、糖类抗原19—9（CA19—9）、鳞状细胞癌抗原（SCC）、神经元特异性烯醇化酶（NSE）、细胞角蛋白19片段（CYFRA21—1）、胃泌素前体释放肽（ProGRP）水平,同时对胸腔积液标本进行脱落细胞学检查,并根据受试者工作特性曲线（ROC）建立合理的临床判断临界值。结果肺癌患者胸腔积液中6种肿瘤标志物水平均高于肺良性疾病者,其中CEA、CA19-9、CYFRA21—1、ProGRP水平显著高于肺良性疾病组（P〈0．05）。胸腔积液CEA、血清CYFRA21—1及CEA含量在胸腔积液与血清中的比值（P／S）在各组中的ROC曲线下面积最大。结论胸腔积液CEA、血清CYFRA21—1及CEA的P／S值在鉴别良、恶性胸腔积液中有一定的辅助诊断价值,胸腔积液CEA的诊断价值最大。     

Preoperative hCGbeta and CA 72-4 are prognostic factors in gastric cancer

In gastric cancer, the role of tumour markers in assessment of prognosis is unconfirmed. In our study, we evaluated the prognostic significance of serum tumour markers carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), CA 19-9, CA 72-4, CA 242 and free beta subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCGbeta) in gastric cancer. Preoperative serum samples were obtained from 146 patients with gastric cancer, including 29 with stage I, 11 with stage II, 42 with stage III and 64 patients with stage IV cancer. Quantitation of CEA, CA 19-9, CA 72-4 and CA 242 in serum was performed with commercial assays. HCGbeta was measured with an in-house immunofluorometric assay based on monoclonal antibodies specific for the free beta-subunit of hCG. Survival analysis was performed with Kaplan-Meier life-tables and log-rank test, and with multivariate Cox regression analysis. Disease-specific cumulative 2-year survival rate was 40%. Serum levels of CEA, CA 72-4, CA 242 and hCGbeta showed significant correlation with stage (p<0.027); for CA 19-9 the association was of borderline significance (p=0.056). Of the studied markers, CA 19-9, CA 72-4, CA 242 and hCGbeta were found to be prognostic factors in univariate analysis (p< 0.022). In multivariate analysis, stage had the statistically most significant association with prognosis followed by hCGbeta, tumour histology according to the Laurén classification and by CA 72-4. In gastric cancer, tumour markers hCGbeta and CA 72-4 are independent prognostic factors in addition to stage and histological type of the tumour.     

Diagnostic value of CEA, CA 15-3, CA 19-9, CYFRA 21-1, NSE and TSA assay in pleural effusions

The aim of this study was to evaluate the individual and combined diagnostic utility of six tumor markers in patients with pleural effusion. Pleural and serum levels of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen 15-3 (CA 15-3), carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9), cytokeratin fragment 19 (CYFRA 21-1), neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and total sialic acid (TSA) were assayed in 74 patients with pleural effusions (44 malignant and 30 benign). All tumor markers except TSA and NSE were increased in both serum and pleural fluid of patients with malignant diseases. Using the cut-off values 3 ng/ml, 14 U/ml, 5 U/ml, 8 ng/ml and 70 mg/dl for pleural fluid CEA, CA 15-3, CA 19-9, CYFRA 21-1 and TSA, respectively, the sensitivity (%) and specificity (%) of these tumor markers were as follows: CEA; 52/77, CA 15-3; 80/93, CA 19-9; 36/83, CYFRA 21-1; 91/90, TSA; 80/67, for differentiating malignant effusions from benign. When CA 15-3 and CYFRA 21-1 combined, the sensitivity and specificity were increased (100 and 83%, respectively). Classifying the malignant effusions as bronchial carcinoma and malignant pleural mesothelioma, CEA was shown to have the highest sensitivity and specificity (88 and 90%, respectively) while the combination of CEA with other tumor markers increased sensitivity but decreased specificity. According to our results, tumor markers are not suitable for the differential diagnosis of malignancy.     

The relevance of serum carcinoembryonic antigen as an indicator of brain metastasis detection in advanced non-small cell lung cancer

Although many biomarkers have emerged in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the predictive value of site-specific spread is not fully defined. We designed this study to determine if there is an association between serum biomarkers and brain metastasis in advanced NSCLC. We evaluated 227 eligible advanced NSCLC patients between May 2005 and March 2010. Patients who had been newly diagnosed with stage IV NSCLC but had not received treatment previously, and had available information on at least one of the following pretreatment serum biomarkers were enrolled: carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), cytokeratin 19 fragments (CYFRA 21-1), cancer antigen 125 (CA 125), cancer antigen 19-9, and squamous cancer cell antigen. Whole body imaging studies and magnetic resonance imaging of the brain were reviewed, and the total number of metastatic regions was scored. Brain metastasis was detected in 66 (29.1%) patients. Although serum CEA, CYFRA 21-1, and CA 125 levels were significantly different between low total metastatic score group (score 1-3) and high total metastatic score group (score 4-7), only CEA level was significantly different between patients with brain metastasis and those without brain metastasis (p < 0.0001). The area under the receiver operating curve of serum CEA for the prediction of brain metastasis was 0.724 (p = 0.0001). The present study demonstrated that the pretreatment serum CEA level was significantly correlated with brain metastasis in advanced NSCLC. These findings suggested the possible role of CEA in the pathogenesis of brain invasion. More vigilant surveillance would be warranted in the high-risk group of patients with high serum CEA level and multiple synchronous metastasis.     

Prognostic significance of CEA, CA 19-9 and CA 72-4 preoperative serum levels in gastric carcinoma.

The prognostic value of preoperative serum levels of CEA, CA 19-9 and CA 72-4 tumor markers was investigated in 153 patients resected for gastric cancer. The positivity rates for CEA, CA 19-9 and CA 72-4 were 20.9, 34.6 and 28.1%, respectively. Multiple logistic regression analysis for positive levels of tumor markers indicates that CEA positivity is significantly related to the depth of invasion (p < 0.005) and the presence of distant metastasis (p < 0. 05), CA 19-9 positivity is related to nodal involvement (p < 0.05) and the depth of invasion (p < 0.05), whereas CA 72-4 positivity is influenced by tumor size (p < 0.005) and noncurative surgery (p < 0. 05). Positive levels of each tumor marker were associated with a worse prognosis if compared with negative cases using univariate analysis. Multivariate analysis of curatively resected cases identified depth in gastric wall (p < 0.0001), nodal status (p < 0. 0005), and tumor location in the upper third (p < 0.05) as significant prognostic variables; CEA, CA 19-9 and CA 72-4 serum positivity did not reach statistical significance. However, when the positivity of the three markers was associated, a p value < 0.05 was observed. The analysis of survival curves stratified by tumor stage revealed that marker positivity significantly affects survival in stages I, II and IV (p < 0.05). The combined assay of CEA, CA 19-9 and CA 72-4 preoperative serum levels provides additional prognostic information in patients resected for gastric cancer; patients with preoperative positivity for one of these tumor markers should be considered at high risk of recurrence even in early stages of gastric carcinoma.     

sICAM-1在胃癌患者中的表达

[目的]探讨血清可溶性细胞间黏附分子(sICAM—1)在胃癌患者中的临床意义，并与CEA、CA19—9进行比较。[方法]应用酶联免疫吸附法分别检测68例胃癌患者治疗前后的sICAM—1及CEA和CA19—9，并结合临床特征进行分析。[结果]sICAM—1、CEA、CA19—9检测的敏感性分别为82．4%、35．3％、44．1％；特异性分别为95％、75％、80％。3种指标联合检测，其敏感性为89．6％；特异性为87．5％。sICAM—1、CEA、CA19—9含量与胃癌的临床分期、肿瘤直径、淋巴结转移程度及有无远处转移有关，手术前后3种标志物含量具有明显的差异，而术后3种标志物含量与对照组相似。[结论]sICAM—1能较好地反映胃癌的临床病程和病理特征，是胃癌的一种理想的肿瘤标志物，3种标志物的联合检测能够用于胃癌的诊断、预后评估及监测病情的进展。     

Serum CYFRA 21-1 is one of the most reliable tumor markers for breast carcinoma

BACKGROUND: The search for new tumor markers for breast carcinoma has been an area of vigorous study; nonetheless, to the authors' knowledge little new information has emerged beyond the clinical usefulness of CA 15-3. The authors studied serum CYFRA 21-1 in breast carcinoma based on evidence that breast carcinoma expresses cytokeratin 19 fragments and that CYFRA 21-1 is a specific antigen for cytokeratin 19 fragments. METHODS: The serum samples of 86 patients with primary breast carcinoma, 14 patients with recurrent breast carcinoma, 22 patients with benign mammary disease, and 25 healthy controls were provided for measurements of CYFRA 21-1, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and CA 15-3. The relation between clinicopathologic features, prognosis, and disease free survival with serum CYFRA 21-1 titers was studied. RESULTS: There was no difference between the serum CYFRA 21-1 titers from patients with benign mammary disease and those from healthy controls. The sensitivities of CYFRA 21-1 for patients with International Union Against Cancer Stage IV and recurrent tumors were 60% and 64.2%, respectively, which were as high as those for CA 15-3 and superior to those for CEA. The hematogenous recurrence showed a very high sensitivity of 89%. According to the increments of T, N, and M factor numbers, the serum CYFRA 21-1 titers were elevated. No correlation between CYFRA 21-1 and CEA was observed and the correlation between CYFRA 21-1 and CA 15-3 was weak. The univariate and multivariate analyses for survival revealed that serum CYFRA 21-1 levels were an independent indicator of prognosis. CONCLUSIONS: The measurement of the serum CYFRA 21-1 titer in patients with breast carcinoma may be useful in monitoring for recurrence and evaluating the therapeutic effect in patients with advanced disease.     

Clinical Evaluation of Tumor Markers for Diagnosis in Patients with Non-small Cell Lung Cancer in China

Background: To evaluate the value of combined detection of serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA),cytokeratin 19 fragment (CYFRA21-1), and carbohydrateantigen 125 (CA125) for the clinical diagnosis of nonsmallcell lung cancer (NSCLC). Materials and Methods: Serum CEA, CYFRA21-1 and CA125 were assessed in140 patients with NSCLC, 90 patients with benign lung disease and 90 normal control subjects, and differencesof expression were compared in each group, and joint effects of these tumor markers in the diagnosis of NSCLCwere analyzed. Results: Serum CEA, CYFRA21-1 and CA125 in patients with NSCLC were significantly higherthan those with benign lung disease and normal controls (P<0.05). The sensitivity of CEA, CYFRA21-1 andCA125 were 49.45%, 59.67%, and 44.87% respectively. As expected, combinations of these tumor markersimproved their sensitivity for NSCLC. The combined detection of CEA + CYFRA21-1 was the most cost-effectivecombination which had higher sensitivity and specificity in NSCLC. Elevation of serum CEA and CYFRA21-1was significantly associated with pathological types (P<0.05) and elevation of serum CEA, CYFRA21-1 andCA125 was significantly associated with TNM staging (P<0.05). Conclusions: Single measurement of CEA,CYFRA21-1 and CA125 is of diagnostic value in the diagnosis of lung cancer, and a joint detection of these threetumor markers, could greatly improve the sensitivity of diagnosis on NSCLC. Combined detection of CEA +CYFRA21-1 proved to be the most economic and practical strategy in diagnosis of NSCLC, which can be usedto screen the high-risk group.     

肿瘤标志物CYFRA21-1、SCC、CEA、NSE、CA125检验在肺癌诊断中的价值

目的:分析肿瘤标志物细胞角蛋白19片段（CYFRA21-1）、鳞状上皮细胞癌抗原（SCC）、癌胚抗原（CEA）、神经特异性烯醇化酶（NSE）以及糖类癌抗原125（CA125）检验在肺癌诊断中的临床应用价值。方法:将2015年11月至2016年11月于我院收治的74例肺癌患者（肺癌组）、74例肺良性肿瘤患者（良性肿瘤组）作为研究对象,同期选择74例到院体检的健康人群作为健康组。三组患者均在空腹状态下抽取4.0 ml静脉血,离心处理后进行实验室检验。对比三组患者中CYFRA21-1、SCC、CEA、NSE以及CA125水平的变化情况。结果:肺癌组的CYFRA21-1、SCC、CEA、NSE以及CA125水平均高于健康组和良性肿瘤组（P<0.05）。非小细胞肺癌患者的CYFRA21-1、SCC、CEA以及CA125水平均高于小细胞肺癌患者。小细胞肺癌患者的NSE水平显著高于非小细胞肺癌患者（P<0.05）。结论:肺癌患者的CYFRA21-1、SCC、CEA、NSE以及CA125水平将会显著增高,通过联合检测CYFRA21-1、SCC、CEA、NSE以及CA125能够在一定程度上提高肺癌疾病的诊断准确率,对于肺癌疾病的临床诊断和筛查具有十分重要的作用。     

CEA、CA125、pro-GRP及CYFRA21-1联合检测诊断肺癌的临床价值

目的 探讨血清癌胚抗原(CEA)、细胞角蛋白19片段抗原(CYFRA21-1)、胃泌素释放肽前体(pro-GRP)及糖类抗原125(CA125)在肺癌患者中的表达情况及其诊断学价值.方法 选取98例肺癌患者为肺癌组,选取30例肺部良性疾病患者为良性组,选取30例健康体检者为健康组,比较3组研究对象的血清CEA、CYFRA21-1、pro-GRP及CA125水平并进行分析.结果 肺癌组的血清CEA、CYFRA21-1、pro-GRP及CA125水平均明显高于良性组和健康组(P﹤0.01);Ⅰ～Ⅱ期肺癌患者血清中CEA、CYFRA21-1、pro-GRP及CA125阳性表达率均明显低于Ⅲ～Ⅳ期肺癌患者(P﹤0.01);血清CEA、CYFRA21-1、pro-GRP及CA125联合检测诊断肺癌的灵敏度、特异度、漏诊率、误诊率分别为82.65％、95.00％、17.35％、5.00％.结论 血清CEA、CYFRA21-1、pro-GRP及CA125联合检测诊断肺癌具有较高的灵敏度和特异度,可为临床诊断及治疗提供参考.     

肺鳞癌CEA及CYFRA 21—1和NSE检测的临床意义

目的 研究癌胚抗原(CEA)、细胞角质蛋白(CYFRA21-1)和神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)在肺鳞状细胞癌(SQC)患者血清中的水平与患者TNM分期、可否行手术治疗及预后之间的关系.方法 检测210例SQC患者的血清标本(Ⅰ期20例、Ⅱ期27例、ⅢA期55例、ⅢB期80例、Ⅳ期28例)CEA、CYFRA 21-1和NSE的血清水平.NSE和CYFRA21-1采用放免测定,CEA采用化学发光法测定.结果 CYFRA 21-1升高最为常见.CEA和CYFRA 21-1与TNM分期相关,而NSE与TNM分期无关.CEA和CYFRA 21-1血清水平均值与可手术(1、Ⅱ、ⅢA)和不可手术(ⅢB、Ⅳ期)有相关性(P<0.001).NSE血清水平均值与可否手术差异无显著性.结论 治疗前CYFRA 21-1和NSE的血清浓度与预后有关,可作为SQC患者可否手术的参考指标,并可为SQC预后判断提供重要信息.