牡丹江地区五个县(市)十年阵发性睡眠性血红蛋白尿症的流行病学调查

本院1975年1月至1984年12月,在牡丹江地区五个县(市)共调查了17,600,334人,阵发性睡眠性血红蛋白尿症的发病情况:五个县(市)平均发病率为1.2/100万,患病率为6.9/100万;男、女之比4.5∶1:发病因素与睡眠有关者占50％;与感染有关者占22.7％;与服药有关者占18.1％;其中与服铁剂有关者占13.6％,服感冒剂者占4.5％;与输血、过劳、月经也有一定的关系。     

液体氮冷冻治疗雀斑223例疗效观察

我科用液体氮冷冻治疗雀斑,并对223例患者随访2—3年。223例中女性194例男性29例,年龄16—25岁者174例,占78.0%,初发年龄15岁以下者202例,占90.6%。治疗后雀斑全部脱落痊愈者214例,占95.9%,未愈者9例,占4.1%,主要不良反应为部份病例治疗后局部留有色素沉着,需经2—3月后缓慢消退。     

海口地区1069例0—7岁儿童贫血调查分析

我们于91年对本市郊区的四个村及两个幼儿园的0～7岁儿童1069例进行贫血调查。在1069人中，男性577人，贫血74人（占12．82％）；女性492人，贫血72人（占14．63％），总贫血人数为146人，总患病率为13．66％。其中，轻度贫血者129例，占88．36％。中度贫血者17例，占11．64％，无重度贫血。以0～1岁组贫血患病率高于其他年龄组．发病原因有摄入不足，生后铁的丢失及生长发育快相对需铁量大。经调查分析，认为应将防治小儿贫血的重点放在婴儿期     

长沙市郊区韶山路人民公社高血压病普查及防治观察

我们于1976年10月在长沙市郊区韶山路人民公社进行了一次高血压普查,共查社员9,532人,总的高血压患病率为5.25％(矫正患病率5.5％)。男性3,929人,患病率占4.98％(矫正患病率4.13％);女性5,603人,患病率占5.61％(矫正患病率7.99％)。之后在个别大队开展了高血压防治工作。1978年11月我们对此公社再进行一次高血压普查,并全面开展高血压防冶工作。普查对象是年满15岁以上的社员,从     

盆腔脓肿43例临床分析

我院自1958年以来共诊治经手术或穿刺证实的盆腔脓肿病人43例,今就其临床特点及治疗方法进行总结与探讨。 一、一般情况 43例中1958年3月至1976年4月16例,1976年5月至1985年12月27例。因两组在病因、脓肿类别及治疗方法上有明显差别,故前者列为甲组,后者列为乙组进行分析比较。 年龄最小者2岁,最大者60岁,21～40岁组31例,占72.09％,可见本病好发于生育期妇女。 急性发病者27例(发病两周内入院),占72.09％,亚急性(病程<3月入院)8例,占     

克雷白杆菌肺炎35例分析

男23例,女12例。32～78岁,55岁以上者占80％。有原发病者91％。发病前曾较长期应用抗生素(82％)、激素(31％)和细胞毒药物(28.6％)。院内感染者占80％。表现不典型者50％。而以消化道症状(34.3％)、意识障碍(25.7％)、休克(22.8％)为突出表现者较多见,无明显诱因原发病加重者     

黔南布依族苗族自治州人民医院1037例肿瘤住院病人分析

本文对1986年3月至1994年7月住院的恶性肿瘤患者1037例进行统计分析,结果发现,在恶性肿瘤患中,汉族占80.5％,少数民族占19.5％,说明了恶性肿瘤在不同民族中的发病有明显差异。在年龄构成上,以50岁～60岁年龄组患病率最高,40岁以后发病逐渐上升,发病年龄有前移趋势。本组发病率前三位恶性肿瘤分别为肺癌,肝癌、乳腺癌。男性以肺癌为首位,女性以乳腺癌为首位。     

石家庄市口腔粘膜白斑的调查

本文调查了石家庄市6个工厂4120人的口腔粘膜白斑患病情况,其中患白斑者共596人,患病率为14.4％,男性患病率为22.2％,女性患病率为1.6％。白斑患者中有吸烟史者占首位,发病又随年龄增长而增高,好发部位以颊粘膜为最多,次为口唇粘膜。     

中西医结合治疗小儿蛔虫性肠梗阻(附50例报告)

1977年3月～1978年8月我院儿外科采用中西医结合方法治愈住院50例小儿蛔虫性肠梗阻,今报告如下:临床资料本组50例。中西医结合非手术治疗42例(84％),手术治疗8例(16％)。男32例,女18例。3岁以下2例,3～6岁30例,7～10岁16例,10岁以上2例;年龄最小者2岁6个月,最大者11岁。【发病诱因】发病前服药驱蛔虫者21例,占42％。     

武汉城区部分居民支气管哮喘患病调查与危险因素分析

目的 了解武汉城区部分居民支气管哮喘的发病情况及可能的相关因素,为支气管哮喘发病的流行病学研究提供参考。方法 采用随机抽样的方法,抽取武汉城区一居委会700余户居民进行问卷调查。结果 调查样本1082人,支气管哮喘的患病人数35人,现患率3.23％。男性患病率3.59％,女性患病率2.77％。0～14岁年龄组患病率4.76％,15～24岁年龄组患病率2.10％,25～59岁年龄组患病率2.52％,60岁以上年龄组患病率7.89％。有哮喘家族史是发病的高危因素(OR=9.62),同时患有其他过敏性疾病也是发病的重要危险因素(OR=8.27)。一楼居民相对其他楼层发病率高(OR=2.81)结论 武汉城区部分居民的支气管哮喘的发病率为3.23％,其中老年人的发病率最高,儿童次之。发病的危险因素包括遗传背景、居住条件等。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.