免疫应答过程中淋巴器官内单胺类递质的含量变化

应用高效液相色谱－电化学检测法测定大鼠用绵羊红细胞免疫后２－７天期间，脾脏和胸腺中去甲肾上腺素、５－羟色胺和５－痉吲哚乙酸含量的变化。结果表明，脾脏和胸腺中ＮＡ含量在免疫后第４和５经５天均显著减少。     

大鼠烫伤早期肝线粒体氧化磷酸化偶联增强与体内儿茶酚胺类…

ＳＤ大鼠皮下注射肾上腺素或去甲肾上腺素，３０ｍｉｎ后发现鼠肝线粒体琥珀酸呼吸链呼吸控制率、３态耗氧率和ＡＴＰ形成率均增高，注射肾上腺素组和注射去甲肾上腺组的４态耗氧率增高和有增高趋势。皮下注射肾上腺素受体阻断剂噻吗心安和酚苄明后，对烫伤后３０ｍｉｎ大鼠肝线粒体琥珀酸呼吸链活性各息起部分抑制作用。提示烫伤早期大鼠肝线粒体氧化磷酸化偶联增强与体内儿茶酚胺类释放有关。     

中药复方拮抗小鼠运动应激时血中儿茶酚胺升高

目的：观察人参、麦冬、葛根等提取物以及速效救心丸对小鼠运动应激时血中儿茶酚胺水平的影响。方法健康ICR小鼠置跑步机上跑10min造成运动应激，用高效液相色谱－电化学联合检测法测定运动应激动物血浆中儿茶酚胺水平。结果：运动应激小鼠血浆中去甲肾上腺素和肾上腺素显著增加（P＜0．01），小鼠ig人参、麦冬、葛根等提取物以及速效救心丸1h后再运动应激可拮抗血心中去甲肾上腺素升高（P＜0．01）。结论：小鼠运动应激可使交感神经激活，导致血中去甲肾上腺素释放增加，人参、麦冬、葛根提取物和速效救心丸可拮抗抗之。     

大鼠脑组织中儿茶酚胺类神经递质的rP—HPLC—ECD定量分析

目的：建立一种定量分析脑组织中儿茶酚胺类神经递质的方法。方法：采用反相高效液相色谱电化学色谱法（ｒＰ－ＨＰＬＣ－ＥＣＤ）测定大鼠脑组织中去甲肾上腺素（ＮＥ）、肾上腺素（Ｅ）、多巴胺（ＤＡ）、５羟色胺（５－ＨＴ）。结果：由色谱图显示各单胺类成分分离完全。结论：本方法快速、简便、准确，为医务工作者提供方便与帮助     

大鼠隔—海马通路横切对记忆功能及海马内去甲肾上腺素含量的影响

应用３５只Ｗｉｓｔａｒ种系在鼠，双侧切断大鼠海马散和部分穹窿使海马部分去神经。切断后７～１４ｄ，记忆明显受损，与横切前相比，有记忆的动物数从８０．０％降至２．９％，二者差异非常显著。海马内去甲肾上腺素的含量比切断前降低４８．１％。表明，横切后海马内去甲肾上腺素的含量减少，伴有记忆功能降低。在海马内去甲肾上腺素作为一种神经递质可能参与记忆行为的调节。     

普萘洛尔,维拉帕米和卡普托利对L—甲状腺素性心肌肥厚的消退…

大鼠连续口服Ｌ－甲状腺素４ｍｇ．ｋｇ＾－１×７ｄ可形成心肌肥厚,高甲状腺素状态下,心肌去甲肾上腺素（ＮＥ）增加,交感神经兴奋而使细胞内Ｃａ＾２＋增加,其表现为线粒体ａ＾２＋,Ｍｇ＾２＋－ＡＴＰ酶活性增高。大鼠连续３天口服普萘洛尔１０ｍｇ／ｋｇ。维拉帕米５,１０ｍｇ／ｋｇ及卡普托利５ｍｇ／ｋｇ可使肥厚心肌消退,并可降低线粒体钙泵活性。     

高效液相色谱法同时测定血浆中的肾上腺素和去甲肾上腺素

为同时测定人血浆中肾上腺素和去甲肾上腺素浓度,建立了高效液相色谱－电化学检测方法,采用ＹＷＧ－Ｃ１８分析柱,３,４－二羟在苄胺作内标,以０．０５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ醋酸盐结冲液（ｐＨ３．０）－甲醇－０．０５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ ＥＤＴＡ－Ｎａ２（７８：２０：２）为流动相,每１Ｌ流动相含ＳＤＳ２００ｍｇ,流速为１．０ｍｌ／ｍｉｎ。去甲肾上腺素和肾上腺素及内标的保留时间分别为７．３、８．３和１０．４分钟,线性范围均为３１     

神经肽Y在杏仁内侧核引起的心血管效应及外周血中儿茶酚胺…

将神经肽Ｙ注入大鼠的杏仁内侧核，观察由此引起的血压和心率的变化。在此变化达到最大值时，用ＨＰＬＣ－ＥＤ法检测外周血中儿茶酚胺的变化。结果表明：ＮＰＹ能显著降低血压，这时外周血中去甲肾上腺素明显下降，提示ＮＰＹ在杏仁内侧核引起的心血管效应与外周血中ＮＥ有密切的关系。     

普萘洛尔、维拉帕米和卡普托利对L－甲状腺素性心肌肥厚的消退及抑制线粒体钙泵的作用

大鼠连续口服Ｌ－甲状腺素４ｍｇ·ｋｇ（－１）×７ｄ可形成心肌肥厚。高甲状腺素状态下,心肌去甲肾上腺素（ＮＥ）增加,交感神经兴奋而使细胞内Ｃａ（２＋）增加,其表现为线粒体Ｃａ（２＋）,Ｍｇ（２＋）－ＡＴＰ酶活性增高。大鼠连续３天口服普萘洛尔１０ｍｇ／ｋｇ,维拉帕米５,１０ｍｇ／ｋｇ及卡普托利５ｍｇ／ｋｇ可使肥厚心肌消退,并可降低线粒体钙泵活性。     

血浆β-TG、PF4的变化在急性脑梗死与多灶性脑梗死中的意义探讨

目的：探讨血浆β－血小板球蛋白（β－ＴＧ）、血小板４因子（ＰＦ４）在急性脑梗死（ＡＣＩ）病人中的动态变化。方法：和酶标免疫测定法测定４０例ＡＣＩ患者６～７２ｈ、７ｄ和３３例多灶性脑梗死患者血浆β－ＴＧ、ＰＦ４的变化。结果：发现ＡＣＩ组６～７２ｈβ－ＴＧ和ＰＦ４、７ｄ后ＰＦ４及多灶性一经组ＰＦ４均高于对照组（Ｐ〈０．０１）,且ＡＣＩ组７ｄ后ＰＦ４后ＰＦ４５校６～７２ｈ显著下降（Ｐ〈０．０１）,但仍高     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.