超声引导下介入治疗卵巢囊肿对卵泡发育的影响

目的通过观察超声引导下介入治疗卵巢囊肿对卵泡发育的影响。方法应用彩色多普勒超声引导介入治疗158例卵巢囊肿。术后1、3、6个月,分别于月经周期第12天后连续监测,按囊肿大小将158例患者分成3组,对比观察术后卵泡发育情况。结果囊肿直径28～40mm组76例,介入治疗1个月后复查,45例可见治疗侧卵泡发育,恢复率为59．21％（45／76）。囊肿直径41～80mm组54例,介入治疗3个月后复查,囊肿位于卵巢偏心部位者23例可见优势卵泡发育,中间者仅2例,恢复率46．30％（25／54）。囊肿直径81～123mm组28例,6个月复查囊肿位于偏心部位者12例见优势卵泡发育,恢复率42．86％（12／28）;中间者12个月后5例可见优势卵泡发育。结论超声引导下介入治疗卵巢囊肿是一种安全、有效的微创方法。囊肿直径越小,治疗后卵巢功能恢复越快,囊肿位于卵巢偏心部位者较位于中间者恢复快。     

经直肠超声引导穿刺硬化与注药治疗 前列腺囊肿的疗效对比

目的探讨经直肠超声引导穿刺硬化与注药治疗前列腺囊肿的疗效及临床应用价值。方法将28例前列腺囊肿患者平均分为2组,分别进行经直肠超声引导穿刺硬化治疗（硬化组）和注药治疗（注药组）。比较两组的一次穿刺有效率及18个月后的复发率。结果硬化组12例患者一次穿刺硬化治疗后囊肿显著减小,症状消失,一次硬化治疗有效率为85.71%（12/14）;注药组11例一次穿刺注药治疗后囊肿显著减小,症状消失,一次注药治疗有效率为78.57%（11/14）,两组一次穿刺治疗有效率差异无统计学意义（P=0.648）。随访18个月,硬化组1例（7.14%,1/14）复发,注药组4例（28.57%,4/14）复发,两组复发率差异无统计学意义（P=0.328）。结论经直肠超声引导穿刺前列腺囊肿准确可靠,硬化治疗与注药治疗均具有较高的临床应用价值。     

前列腺苗勒管囊肿经直肠穿刺抽吸与硬化治疗

目的:比较经直肠超声引导穿刺苗勒管囊肿单纯抽吸与硬化治疗疗效. 方法:勒管囊肿患者44例,采用经直肠超声检查及经直肠超声引导穿刺进行硬化治疗,21例进行无水乙醇硬化(治疗组),抽尽囊液后注入抽出囊液量1/2量的无水乙醇,保留5min后抽尽残液;23例进行单纯的抽吸,抽尽囊液(对照组),经随访比较两组临床疗效. 结果:两组患者治疗后均无明显不良反应发生,治疗组有效率80.95％,治愈率52.38％,对照组有效率56.52％,治愈率26.09％.两组比较疗效差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01). 结论:采用经直肠超声引导穿刺无水乙醇硬化治疗苗勒管囊肿其过程安全,疗效确切,不易复发,为治疗前列腺苗勒管囊肿可取方法.     

超声引导下经皮肝穿抽吸硬化介入治疗肝包虫囊肿

目的探讨超声引导下经皮肝穿抽吸硬化治疗肝包虫囊肿的应用价值。方法在超声引导下对38例肝包虫囊肿患者行经皮肝囊肿穿刺抽吸囊液,抽尽后向囊内注入20%～25%无菌高渗盐水或95%无水乙醇,注入量约为抽出量的25%～50%,保留5～15 min后全部抽出,再注入5～10 ml予以保留,术前术后结合口服抗包虫药阿苯达唑30～50mg/kg治疗。术后定期行超声随访,1年内3个月复查1次,1年后每年复查1次。结果治疗中1次穿刺成功率100%,6个月后16例囊肿缩小50%、22例缩小30%。1年后34例治愈,3例显效,1例好转。其后囊肿逐渐缩小,直至钙化,治愈率达100%。结论超声引导下经皮肝穿抽吸硬化治疗肝包虫囊肿是一种安全、有效、可靠的方法。     

前列腺苗勒管囊肿经直肠穿刺抽吸与硬化治疗

目的:比较经直肠超声引导穿刺苗勒管囊肿单纯抽吸与硬化治疗疗效。方法:勒管囊肿患者44例,采用经直肠超声检查及经直肠超声引导穿刺进行硬化治疗,21例进行无水乙醇硬化(治疗组),抽尽囊液后注入抽出囊液量1/2量的无水乙醇,保留5 min后抽尽残液;23例进行单纯的抽吸,抽尽囊液(对照组),经随访比较两组临床疗效。结果:两组患者治疗后均无明显不良反应发生,治疗组有效率80.95%,治愈率52.38%,对照组有效率56.52%,治愈率26.09%。两组比较疗效差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:采用经直肠超声引导穿刺无水乙醇硬化治疗苗勒管囊肿其过程安全,疗效确切,不易复发,为治疗前列腺苗勒管囊肿可取方法。     

超声引导下穿刺注射乙醇治疗肾盂旁囊肿

目的 总结超声引导下穿刺治疗肾盂旁囊肿的经验体会,探讨其临床效果。方法 对169例肾盂旁囊肿患者行超声引导下穿刺注射乙醇治疗。其中囊肿压迫致肾积水36例（21．3％）,合并肾结石8例（4．7％）,全部经B超和静脉肾盂造影（IVP）检查,59例行cT检查。诊断明确后行经皮肾穿刺,穿出囊液立即行尿胺试验,对尿胺试验阴性者,以及尿胺阳性但囊肿造影确定与肾盂不相通者,用95％乙醇进行硬化治疗。自穿刺后1,3,6个月和1年时复查B超观察囊肿大小,以后每年随访1次。随访时间为6个月至5年。结果 囊肿治愈165例（97．6％）,囊肿缩小至≤1．5cm4例（2．4％）。36例肾积水全部缓解;8例肾结石,4例行体外冲击波碎石术（ESWL）后结石排出,2例行经皮肾镜取石,2例结石未治疗。穿刺后出现肉眼血尿5例,3～5d自行消失。结论 超声引导下经皮穿刺治疗肾盂旁囊肿,具有安全、有效、微创、合并症少等优点。     

超声引导下连续置换法治疗单纯性肾囊肿的临床应用

目的评价超声引导下连续置换法治疗单纯性肾囊肿的临床疗效和随访结果。方法146名单纯性肾囊肿患者的临床资料,以经皮穿刺乙醇硬化法治疗的患者为A组,超声引导下连续置换法治疗的患者为B组,比较两组治疗前后及随访过程中患者囊肿大小及临床症状的改善。结果经连续置换法治疗后,囊肿直径的变化优于经皮穿刺乙醇硬化法,囊肿直径分别由治疗前的（8．76±3．05、9．00±3．09）cm减小至治疗后3个月的（4．45±1．50、4．97±1．60）cm、6个月的（2．47±0．270、2．95±0．56）cm、12个月的（1．39±0．23、1.76±0．42）cm以及〉12个月的（0．65±0．14、1．02±0．29）cm,两组间有显著差异（P〈0．05）;治疗后,两组患者临床症状的总改善率分别为94．3％和98．4％,差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论超声引导下连续置换法治疗单纯性肾囊肿简单、安全,在治疗效果上具有显著的优越性,值得临床上推广应用。     

超声引导下微创治疗乳腺单纯性囊肿的临床研究

目的探讨三苯氧胺联合超声引导穿刺注入无水乙醇治疗乳腺单纯性囊肿的临床价值。方法将经超声诊断为乳腺单纯性囊肿的患者随机分为2组,观察组采用超声引导穿刺抽液后囊腔注入无水乙醇,对照组采用超声引导穿刺抽液。抽液后均服用三苯氧胺并随访,观察治疗效果。结果观察组总有效率98.18%,对照组总有效率77.89%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论三苯氧胺联合超声引导穿刺注入无水乙醇治疗乳腺单纯性囊肿,疗效确切,具有微创、定位准确、复发率低、费用少、不良反应轻微等优点,值得临床推广应用。     

超声引导穿刺置入微导管法治疗恶性心包积液的评价

目的探讨超声引导下穿刺置入微导管法在恶性心包积液治疗中的价值.方法13例恶性心包积液在超声引导下进行心包穿刺,置入硬膜外麻醉导管（微导管）,通过导管抽出心包积液并注入化疗药物.结果13例均成功穿刺并顺利置入微导管,引流积液400～780 ml,平均530 ml.治疗后3、12、24个月存活率分别为92%（12/13）,78%（7/9）和60%（3/5）,无心包积液复发.结论超声引导穿刺置入微导管法治疗恶性心包积液安全、微创、有效、可行.     

铜绿假单胞菌注射液在单纯性乳腺囊肿治疗中的应用

目的 通过观察铜绿假单胞菌注射液(PA-MSHA)对乳腺囊肿的治疗效果,探讨PA-MSHA在单纯性乳腺囊肿治疗中的应用价值.方法 将120例单纯性乳腺囊肿患者随机分为3组,每组40例.A组于超声引导囊肿穿刺抽液后注入PA-MSHA,B组于抽液后注入无水乙醇,C组于抽液后注入高渗糖水,记录各组患者治疗期间的不良反应并随访...     

Percutaneous injection sclerotherapy with tetracycline hydrochloride in simple renal cysts

OBJECTIVES: Symptomatic simple renal cysts can be treated by combination of percutaneous aspiration and sclerotherapy. A number of sclerosing agents including glucose, phenol, iophendylate, polidocanol, minocycline and pantopaque have been used in the past to prevent reformation of cyst. In this study, tetracycline HCL solution is evaluated as a sclerosant for treatment of simple renal cysts. METHODS: Our study treated 76 cysts in 70 patients with symptomatic renal cysts. Aspiration and sclerotherapy was performed on 56 cysts, and 20 cysts aspirated without sclerotherapy as a control group. Treatment was performed under local anesthesia and punctured under ultrasound guidances with an 18-gauge needle. Tetracycline HCL (20%) was injected into the cystic cavity according to cyst diameter. All patients were followed up with an ultrasound examination at 3 months, 6 months, and then at yearly intervals. The reduction rate was estimated by a comparison of the volume of the cyst before and after treatment. A cyst reduction of 50% or greater in diamater was considered as a successful treatment. RESULTS: The average follow-up period was 9.8 months in the sclerotherapy group and 9.9 months in the control group. The success rate was 85.7% in the sclerotherapy group. There was a significant difference in the reduction rate of tetracycline HCL sclerotherapy group and control group. No major complications were encountered.     

Percutaneous aspiration and alcohol sclerotherapy for symptomatic hepatic cysts. An alternative to surgical intervention.

Eight patients with 15 symptomatic nonneoplastic congenital hepatic cysts underwent ultrasound-guided percutaneous aspiration and temporary injection of 99% ethanol into the cyst. All cysts were treated at least twice at the same sitting. The volume of alcohol injected varied from 20 to 100 ml, depending on the size of the cyst. A cure was usually achieved with one alcohol sclerotherapy treatment. Only minor side effects such as transient pain and temperature elevation occurred. No recurrences were found during a follow-up period of 12 to 32 months. The results indicate that aspiration and alcohol sclerotherapy is a feasible alternative to surgical intervention in patients with symptomatic nonneoplastic congenital hepatic cysts. We recommend it as the treatment of choice in cases with high surgical risk or polycystic liver disease.     

Comparison of single and multiple sessions of percutaneous sclerotherapy for simple renal cyst

OBJECTIVE: To compare the results of single and repeated percutaneous sclerotherapy in patients with simple renal cysts. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Eighty-two patients with simple renal cysts underwent needle aspiration andsclerotherapy under ultrasonographic guidance. Forty-two patients (group 1) underwent one session of sclerotherapy with 99% ethanol immediately after aspiration and 40 patients (group 2) underwent sclerotherapy at least twice. The patients were followed up using ultrasonography at 3-month intervals. The complete disappearance or a reduction of more than half in the diameter of the renal cyst was considered a successful treatment. RESULTS: The mean diameter of the renal cysts was not significantly different in group 1 (6.12 cm) and 2 (6.75 cm). There was complete or partial regression in eight (19%) and 16 (38%) in group 1, and in 29 (73%) and nine (23%) in group 2, respectively. The overall success rate was significantly better in group 2 (95%) than in group 1 (57%; P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that multiple sclerotherapy is better than a single injection of sclerosant for reducing the recurrence of simple renal cysts.     

Treatment of symptomatic simple renal cysts by percutaneous aspiration and ethanol sclerotherapy

OBJECTIVE: To report our experience with the use of 95% ethanol as sclerotherapy for symptomatic simple renal cysts. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Sixty patients with 64 symptomatic simple renal cysts were treated by ultrasonography (US)-guided percutaneous aspiration and injection of 95% ethanol (31 men and 29 women, mean age 46 years, SD 22). The main presentation was renal pain in 34 patients, renal mass in nine, hypertension in 11 and haematuria in six; 24 cysts were on the right, 32 on the left and four bilateral. Patients were evaluated after 1 month and then every 6 months by clinical assessment, US and intravenous urography. Success was defined as complete when there was total ablation of the cyst and partial when there was a recurrence of less than half the original cyst volume with the resolution of symptoms. Failure was defined as the recurrence of more than half of cyst volume and/or persistent symptoms. RESULTS: After aspiration and ethanol sclerotherapy, there was microscopic haematuria in two patients and low-grade fever (<38.3 degrees C) in two, but no major complications. During a mean (range) follow-up of 19 (14-40) months there was complete cyst ablation in 54 cysts and partial resolution in 10. Pain disappeared or was much improved in all patients. After cyst ablation hypertension was well controlled with no medication in all 11 hypertensive patients and haematuria disappeared in all six affected patients. CONCLUSIONS: Ethanol sclerotherapy for symptomatic simple renal cysts is simple, minimally invasive and highly effective. We recommend it as the first therapeutic option in these patients.     

A comparison of aspiration and sclerotherapy with laparoscopic de-roofing in the management of symptomatic simple renal cysts

OBJECTIVES: To present the results of a minimally invasive treatment of symptomatic simple renal cysts, and to propose an algorithm for their management. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Seventeen patients presenting with suspected symptomatic simple renal cysts were referred for trial aspiration; 16 presented with loin pain and one with a flank mass. If the cyst and symptoms recurred after a temporary response, they were managed by re-aspiration with sclerotherapy using 95% ethanol, or by laparoscopic de-roofing of the cyst. RESULTS: Of the 17 patients referred, one failed to respond to aspiration and was excluded from further analysis. Three patients had sustained pain relief from simple aspiration alone, 13 required further treatment for symptom relapse, of whom six had aspiration and sclerotherapy, and seven had laparoscopic de-roofing. After a mean follow-up of 17 months, pain had recurred in all five patients originally presenting with pain and managed by sclerotherapy, and the patient who presented with a painless mass from a large cyst also developed pain after sclerotherapy. In contrast, the subsequent seven patients managed by laparoscopic treatment are pain-free at a mean follow-up of 17.7 months. CONCLUSION: Evaluation including a diagnostic aspiration is essential to diagnose a symptomatic cyst. When treatment is indicated, laparoscopic de-roofing appears to be more effective than sclerotherapy.     

输尿管软镜下钬激光内切开治疗肾盂旁囊肿的临床分析

目的探讨输尿管软镜下钬激光内切开治疗肾盂旁囊肿的安全性及临床疗效。 方法回顾性分析我院自2017年9月至2020年7月应用输尿管软镜钬激光内切开引流治疗的32例肾盂旁囊肿患者的临床资料。男21例,女11例,年龄35~68岁。囊肿大小3.5 cm×3.0 cm~7.0 cm×5.0 cm,平均（5.0±0.8）cm。均为单侧肾囊肿（BosniakⅠ型29例,BosniakⅡ型3例）。其中单发囊肿24例,多发囊肿5例,多囊肾1例,合并同侧结石2例。有8例合并不同程度肾积水。分析术前、术后囊肿变化情况、手术时间、术后住院天数、并发症等情况。 结果本组患者手术均顺利完成,无中转腹腔镜或开放手术。手术时间为22~68 min,平均（43±12） min,术后住院3~6 d（平均3.8±0.7）d,术后定期随访3~6个月。22例囊肿术后消失,9例囊肿术后缩小,1例多囊肾术后囊肿未见明显变化。8例肾积水患者积水均消失。手术相关并发症为18.75%,5例为ClavienⅠ级,1例为ClavienⅡ级。 结论输尿管软镜下钬激光内切开治疗肾盂旁囊肿具有创伤小、恢复快等优点,是安全、有效治疗方式,但远期疗效有待进一步随访观察。     

Alcohol sclerotherapy of non-parasitic cysts of the liver

Between 1980 and 1987, nine patients with non-parasitic cysts of the liver were treated with computed tomography-guided percutaneous puncture and evacuation of the cyst contents followed by injection of absolute alcohol as a sclerosing agent. During the same period only one patient was treated with surgery. The patients included seven women and two men with a mean age of 62 years. Three patients had a single cyst and six patients had multiple cysts. The size of the largest cysts varied between 5 and 20 cm (mean 10 cm). Patients with multiple liver cysts had repeated punctures and sclerosing procedures (up to eight times); 50-3100 ml of cyst fluid (mean 650 ml) was drained per procedure. One patient had symptoms of moderate alcohol intoxication; otherwise no complications were noted. Follow-up was performed with computed tomography or ultrasonography for 8-54 months (median 18 months). The results have been considered successful in eight out of nine patients who had cyst regression and reduced symptoms. Two patients, however, required additional surgical treatment due to residual and multiple cysts. Computed tomography-guided alcohol sclerotherapy of non-parasitic liver cysts appears to be a safe and effective initial therapy.     

超声引导下肝肾包膜下囊肿穿刺抽液最佳路径

目的对比分析超声介导下两种穿刺路径对于肝肾包膜下囊肿的抽液疗效。方法将129例肝肾包膜下囊肿患者,随机分为改良组及传统组,于超声引导下行囊肿穿刺抽吸术。改良组将穿刺路径定于囊腔偏心侧靠近肝肾实质处,传统组将穿刺路径定于囊腔中心处,比较两组的囊液抽吸率及安全性。结果改良组63例,抽吸完全56例(56/63,88.89%),7例有残液,残液量13~34ml,抽吸率为78.3%~100%。传统组66例,抽吸完全51例(51/66,77.27%),15例有残液,残液量18~57ml,抽吸率为60.8%~100%。改良组囊液抽吸完全例数及抽吸率均高于传统组,差异均有统计学意义(P均0.05)。两组操作过程中均未出现明显并发症。传统组中3例行抽液时针尖脱落在外,无法进行硬化治疗。结论改良的穿刺路径更适用于肝肾包膜下囊肿,对于抽吸更多的囊液及进一步硬化治疗具有重要的意义。