关节镜下治疗髁间嵴撕脱性骨折

关节镜下治疗髁间嵴撕脱性骨折夏春张祥生代刚孙正义闵坤山前十字韧带起于髁间嵴的前外部，外侧半月板前角与髁间嵴相连．髁间嵴撕脱性骨折错位时，会使前十字韧带功能丧失及外侧半月板前角损伤，因此，多主张手术治疗［１～４］．关节镜下治疗髁间嵴撕脱性骨折，只有极少...     

关节镜下治疗胫骨髁间嵴撕脱骨折疗效分析

正前交叉韧带(anterior crucial ligament,ACL)胫骨止点撕脱骨折即胫骨髁间嵴撕脱骨折是常见的膝关节损伤,多伴明显移位,常需要手术治疗。我院自2009年1月-2011年11月采用不同固定方法治疗此类损伤,取得了较好的疗效。1资料与方法1.1一般资料本组27例,其中男19例,女8例;年龄17-43岁,平均29.2岁。按照Meyers-MC-Keever[1]分型,Ⅰ型2例,II型6例,III型19例,其中新鲜骨折24例,单纯ACL胫骨止点撕脱骨折21例,合并有半月板损伤6例,胫骨平台骨折4例,侧     

Segond骨折的临床特点及其合并伤的诊治

探讨12例Segond骨折及其合并伤的诊断及治疗。8例合并前交叉韧带完全断裂者行自体腱重建术,2例胫骨髁间嵴撕脱性骨折行关节镜下空心螺钉固定术,半月板损伤行成形术(修补术),胫骨平台外侧撕脱性骨折行非手术治疗。10例手术患者末次随访时Lysholm术后评分为86。     

关节镜下双带线锚钉前交叉韧带止点足印重建治疗胫骨髁间嵴撕脱骨折

目的:探讨关节镜下复位、双带线锚钉前交叉韧带(ACL)止点足印解剖重建治疗胫骨髁间嵴撕脱骨折的手术方法及临床疗效。方法:2009年4月～2011年4月,对15例胫骨髁间嵴撕脱骨折患者在关节镜下行骨折解剖复位、双带线锚钉ACL止点足印解剖固定术。胫骨髁间嵴撕脱骨折的Meyers-McKeever分型:Ⅱ型8例,Ⅲ型5例,Ⅳ型2例;男12例,女3例;年龄21～57岁,平均30.6岁。术前前抽屉试验及Lachman试验均呈阳性,Lysholm评分为(49.9±3.7)分,IKDC 2000主观膝关节评分为(53.3±5.3)分。结果:患者均获随访,随访时间9～15个月,平均12个月。术后6个月X线片复查示髁间嵴骨折均愈合,骨折复位良好。末次随访时,患肢膝关节活动范围达0～120°;Lysholm评分为(89.6±3.2)分,IKDC2000主观膝关节评分为(90.8±5.7)分,两项评分与术前比较差异均有统计学意义(t1=22.100,t2=20.700,P=0.000)。结论:关节镜下复位、双带线锚钉ACL止点足印解剖重建治疗胫骨髁间嵴撕脱骨折,有利于实现ACL胫骨止点解剖原点重建,对于恢复ACL正常生理功能有重要意义。     

抽出钢丝法内固定治疗胫骨髁间隆突撕脱骨折

胫骨髁间隆突骨折是一种特殊的膝关节内骨折，非手术治疗骨折块不能达到解剖复位，致异位畸形愈合、交叉韧带松弛，引起膝关节不稳定、反复积液、疼痛。我院1992—2000年采用抽出钢丝法内固定治疗胫骨髁间隆突撕脱骨折22例，效果满意。     

关节镜下Ethibond缝线联合Endobutton钢板治疗膝前交叉韧带下止点撕脱骨折

目的探讨关节镜下Ethibond缝线联合Endobutton钢板固定治疗前交叉韧带下止点撕脱性骨折的可行性及近期疗效。方法2010年7月～2012年8月对23例膝前交叉韧带下止点撕脱骨折患者行关节镜下Ethibond韧带缝线联合Endobutton带袢钢板止点重建术,男性16例,女性7例;年龄25～66岁,平均38．5岁。术中使用Ethibond缝线,横穿撕脱骨折腱骨联合区,经韧带两侧胫骨骨隧道拉到胫骨内下方,固定在胫骨前方Endobutton钢板上。结果手术时间45—70min,平均55min。23例均随访11—24个月,平均17．5个月。术后6个月,所有骨折均获愈合,未出现骨折移位及膝关节不稳;Lysholm膝关节功能评分86～97分。结论关节镜下韧带缝线联合Endobutton带袢钢板治疗膝前交叉韧带下止点撕脱骨折,操作简便,效果可靠。     

关节镜下后交叉韧带止点撕脱性骨折手术效果分析

目的探讨关节镜下后交叉韧带止点撕脱性骨折闭合复位内定术的疗效及可行性,为临床治疗后交叉韧带止点撕脱性骨折患者的方法选择提供参考依据。方法选取2013年8月~2014年8月佛山市中医院三水医院收治的后交叉韧带止点撕脱性骨折患者40例,随机数字表法分为观察组(n=20)和对照组(n=20)。观察组采用关节镜下后交叉韧带止点撕脱性骨折闭合复位内固定术的方法进行治疗;对照组采用传统的以切开复位内固定为主的手段进行治疗,观察比较两组患者术前、术后6周及术后半年患者Lysholm膝关节功能评分等指标的差异,对关节镜下后交叉韧带止点撕脱性骨折闭合复位内固定术的疗效进行评价。结果 40例均随访6周~6个月。术后6周,观察组只有1例骨折移位,对照组有5例出现骨折移位。观察组无伤口感染,对照组有1例伤口感染。术后6周观察组Lysholm膝关节功能评分(70.32±2.97)分,对照组Lysholm膝关节功能评分(70.12±1.51)分;术后半年观察组Lysholm膝关节功能评分(85.68±3.11)分,对照组Lysholm膝关节功能评分(72.16±2.51)分。观察组Lysholm膝关节功能评分明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论关节镜下后交叉韧带止点撕脱性骨折闭合复位手术能明显提高手术6周后骨折愈合情况,半年后Lysholm膝关节功能评分明显升高,是一种对治疗后交叉韧带止点撕脱性骨折比较成熟的手术方法,具有实际意义。     

关节镜下治疗胫骨平台骨折合并前交叉韧带胫骨止点撕脱骨折和半月板根部撕脱骨折的经验分享

目的：描述一例胫骨平台骨折合并前交叉韧带胫骨止点撕脱骨折和半月板根部撕脱骨折和内侧副韧带损伤的病例成功治疗,对此类患者手术方式和康复方案提供了一种参考。病例描述：患者男性,35岁,以“跌倒致右膝肿痛、活动受限1天”为主诉来我院就诊。骑电动车摔倒后右膝关节疼痛,活动受限。完善检查诊断：1、右膝胫骨髁间棘骨折;2、右膝前交叉韧带损伤3、右外侧胫骨平台骨折;4、右膝外侧半月板损伤;5、右膝内侧副韧带损伤。行联合关节镜手术治疗。结果：患者3个月骨折愈合,逐渐恢复到正常生活中。结论：我们的联合关节镜技术能够很好的治疗胫骨平台骨折合并前交叉韧带胫骨止点撕脱骨折和半月板根部撕脱骨折和内侧副韧带损伤的病人。     

膝关节后内侧微创入路治疗后交叉韧带胫骨止点撕脱性骨折

目的:探讨膝关节后内侧微创入路结合锚钉固定治疗后交叉韧带胫骨止点撕脱性骨折的疗效.方法:总结我院自2008年1月至2010年1月,对16例后交叉韧带胫骨止点撕脱性骨折经膝后内侧微创入路行复位和锚钉固定的手术效果.结果:手术时间20～40 min,平均28 min.随访14～36个月,平均18个月,X线片显示所有骨折均复...     

膝后内侧倒“L”形切口结合空心螺钉内固治疗后交叉韧带止点撕脱骨折

目的：探讨应用膝关节后内侧倒＂L＂形切口结合空心螺钉内固定治疗后交叉韧带胫骨止点撕脱骨折的临床疗效。方法：对33例后交叉韧带胫骨止点撕脱骨折应用膝关节后内侧倒＂L＂形切口结合空心螺钉内固定。结果：33例患者进行了6～36个月,平均20个月的随访,X线检查结果表明所有骨折均顺利愈合,平均愈合时间为4.5个月。Lysholm评分结果表明,优26例,良7例,优良率为100%。没有关节感染、骨折块移位、骨不连等并发症发生。结论：应用膝后内侧倒＂L＂形切口结合空心螺钉内固定治疗后交叉韧带胫骨止点撕脱骨折方法简单,固定可靠,效果复好。     

Optimization of the system of medical service of students of Cadet Schools of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation

One of the factors of the successful military career guidance Cadet schools students is preserving and promoting their health. Medical support of children and adolescents aged 10-17 years should include the full range of medical and preventive measures defined for this group. The state of providing outpatient care for pupils at the Cadet School in St. Petersburg was studied. These results show that full medical care in accordance with the standards can be based only on children's health clinics. It is important that the organization of medical support pupils cadet schools should be cooperate with civilian health care.     

带状疱疹83例误诊原因分析

带状疱疹是由水痘—带状疱疾病毒引起的皮肤科常见疾病。其主要的病理损害,一是受累神经的严重炎症性浸润,继而导致受侵犯神经节内神经细胞变性、坏死;二是皮肤的水泡。迅速抑制神经节和相应的感觉神经纤维的充血、水肿和坏死,防止粘连形成,达到迅速镇痛、改善皮损,缩短病程及防止后遗症的发生是治疗的关键。因而,尽早明确诊断,     

Estimation of accumulated dose of radiation by method of ESR-spectrometry of dental enamel of mammals

ESR-spectrometry was used to investigate radiation-induced paramagnetic centers in enamel of mammals: carnivores (polar bear and fox), ungulates (reindeer, European bison, moose), and man. Values at half the microwave power saturation of the radiation signal, P_1/2, evaluated at room temperature, was found to range from 16 to 26 mW for animals and man. A new approach to discrimination of the radiation induced signal from the total ESR spectrum of reindeer enamel is proposed. ‘Dose-response’ dependencies of enamel of different species mammals were measured within the dose range from 0.48 up to 10.08 Gy. Estimations of ‘radiosensitivity’ enamel of carnivores and ungulates showed good agreement with radiosensitivity enamel of man by ESR method.     

Analysis of the results of the international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of Fe

The results of an international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of ⁵⁵Fe organized by the BIPM in 2005 are reported and analysed. This exercise, which follows the procedures of the CIPM mutual recognition arrangement to update older comparisons, is a renewal of the comparison organized by the BIPM that took place in 1978. A EUROMET comparison was organized in 1996 specifically to compare activity measurements of a ⁵⁵Fe solution by means of liquid-scintillation techniques. Results of these three comparisons are presented and discussed in this paper.

The radionuclide solution was provided by the NPL, which also distributed the samples to the participants. The activity of the ampoules was measured by 16 laboratories using 12 methods producing 25 results. Some general considerations on uncertainty assessments pertaining to the different techniques used are drawn. The outcome of four different estimators is compared from which the presence of at least one outlier can be confirmed. Further measurements should be made to try to reduce the discrepancy between the results. To date the outcome of the present comparison does not show an improvement to that of the 1996 comparison.     

Evaluation of the results of various technics of non-surgical therapy of varicocele

A new method of non-surgical treatment of varicocele syndrome is described: it consists in sclerotherapy of spermatic vein by trans-femoral percutaneous catheterization with balloon-catheters. In 8 cases venous thrombosis has been induced by direct electric clotting. The techniques and a 6 months follow-up are discussed. It is pointed out that this procedure should be considered as the method of choice for tubular lesions and sub-fertility prophylaxis in young people and in childhood.     

延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因分析

目的探讨延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因和预防措施.方法回顾性分析总结12例延迟性脾破裂中的诊断和误漏诊的经验与教训.结果本组延迟性脾破裂的误漏诊5例(41.66%).对多发伤与脾破裂并存可能认识不足,外伤史轻微或伤员隐瞒外伤史,缺乏腹痛-缓解-突然再腹痛的典型病史,缺乏“对冲性脾破裂”力学分析和整体化诊断思路等为其误漏诊的主要原因.结论详细的外伤史和全面系统检查,重视腹以外多发伤掩盖腹内脏器伤及延迟性脾破裂可能.确立外伤-腹内脏器伤-脾破裂整体化诊断思路.不间断地辅以B超检查脾形态学变化和腹内有无积液,腹腔穿刺确定有无血腹、X线胸腹部检查观察左侧胸肋角和膈肌运动情况、必要时CT检查以尽早发现脾包膜下血肿,降低延迟性脾破裂误漏诊率.