Prognostic significance of maspin expression in human gastric adenocarcinoma

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Maspin is a member of the serpin family of protease inhibitors known to have tumor suppressor activity. However, molecular aspects in carcinogenesis and progression of gastric cancer remain largely unclear. Previously we reported for the first time that maspin is induced in the course of gastric carcinogenesis. In the present study we evaluated maspin induction in gastric adenocarcinoma in relation to a number of clinicopathologic feature. METHODOLOGY: Maspin expression was examined by Western blot analysis and immunohistochemical staining in 82 cases of gastric adenocarcinoma. RESULTS: In Western blot analysis, gastric specimens of tumor showed increased maspin expression compared with corresponding normal tissues in 54 of 82 patients (66%). Tumor shows increased maspin expression compared with normal tissue in 81.1% of stage IV patients and 83.3% of N3 patients. The frequency of maspin induction was associated with the stage of gastric cancer (p = 0.01) and lymph node metastasis (p = 0.03). There was no significant association between maspin induction and Helicobacter pylori infection. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that maspin may have an important role in the progression and metastasis of gastric adenocarcinoma.     

PTEN encoding product： a marker for tumorigenesis and progression of gastric carcinoma

AIM: To detect the expression of PTEN encoding productin normal mucosa, intestinal metaplasia (IM), dysplasia andcarcinoma of the stomach, and to investigate its clinicalimplication in tumorigenesis and progression of gastriccarcinoma.METHODS: Formalin-fixed paraffin embedded specimens from184 cases of gastric carcinoma, their adjacent normal mucosa,IM and dysplasia were evaluated for PTEN protein expressionby SABC immunohistochemistry. PTEN expression wascompared with tumor stage, lymph node metastasis, Lauren'sand WHO's histological classification of gastric carcinoma.Expression of VEGF was also detected in 60 cases of gastriccarcinoma and its correlation with PTEN was concerned.RESULTS: The positive rates of PTEN protein were 100 %(102/102), 98.5 %(65/66), 66.7 % (4/6) and 47.8 %(88/184)in normal mucosa, IM, dysplasia and carcinoma of the stomach,respectively. The positive rates in dysplasia and carcinomawere lower than in normal mucosa and IM (P＜0.01).Advanced gastric cancers expressed less frequent PTEN thanearly gastric cancer (42.9 % v567.6 %, P＜0.01). The positiverate of PTEN protein was lower in gastric cancer with thanwithout lymph node metastasis (40.3 % v563.3 %, P＜0.01).PTEN was less expressed in diffuse-type than in intestinal-type gastric cancer (41.5 % v557.8 %,P＜0.05). Signet ringcell carcinoma showed the expression of PTEN at the lowestlevel (25.0 %, 7/28); less than well and moderatelydifferentiated ones (P＜0.01). Expression of PTEN was notcorrelated with expression of VEGF (P＞0.05).CONCLUSION: Loss or reduced expression of PTEN proteinoccures commonly in tumorigenesis and progression of gastriccarcinoma. It is suggested that PTEN can be an objective markerfor pathologically biological behaviors of gastric carcinoma.     

Aberrant expression of maspin in idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease is associated with disease activity and neoplastic transformation

BACKGROUND: Maspin is both overexpressed in tumors and inflammation, implicating a possible role in bridging inflammation and neoplasia. Idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and IBD-associated dysplasias and carcinomas represent a prototype for studying the relationship between chronic inflammatory states and neoplasia. AIM OF STUDY: To investigate expression of maspin in IBD and IBD-associated dysplasia and colorectal carcinoma. METHODS: Immunohistochemical labeling of maspin was examined using tissue microarrays constructed from archival biopsy and resection tissue from 90 patients with 125 histologically defined lesions including 30 with inactive chronic IBD, 51 with active chronic IBD, 4 IBD-associated foci with epithelial changes indefinite for dysplasia (IFD), 7 with IBD-associated low-grade epithelial dysplasia (LGD), 8 with IBD-associated high grade epithelial dysplasia (HGD), and 25 with IBD-associated invasive colorectal adenocarcinomas. RESULTS: Maspin was expressed in 47/51 (92%) active chronic IBD lesions, which was significantly higher than both inactive chronic IBD (13/30, 43%) and normal mucosa (1 of 9, 11%) (p < 0.01); in particular, the diffuse pattern of maspin expression was significantly higher in active IBD (41/51, 80%), compared with inactive IBD (5/30, 17%) and normal mucosa (0%) (p < 0.01). In the multistage progression model of colitis-associated neoplasia, aberrant labeling was observed at the earliest stages, with 3/4 (75%) IFD foci, 6/7 (86%) LGD, and 8/8 (100%) HGD specimens expressing maspin, virtually always in a diffuse pattern. Expectedly, 22/25 (88%) of invasive IBD-associated cancers overexpressed maspin, including 21 with diffuse labeling. CONCLUSIONS: Maspin is significantly overexpressed in both active IBD and colitis-associated dysplasia compared to either inactive IBD or normal colonic mucosa, suggesting a potential role in disease "flare" as well as neoplastic progression. Targeting maspin for control of disease activity and cancer prophylaxis may be a promising novel therapeutic strategy for IBD.     

Growth,invasion, metastasis,differentiation, angiogenesis and apoptosis of gastric cancer regulated by expression of PTEN encoding products

AIM: To investigate expression of PTEN in gastric cancer and to explore its roles in tumorigenesis and progression of gastric cancer.METHODS: Formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissues of adjacent non-tumor mucosa and primary foci from 113cases of gastric cancers were studied for the expression of PTEN and Caspase-3 andmicrovessel density (MVD)by streptavidin-peroxidase (S-P) immunohistochemistry with antibodies against PTEN, Caspase-3, and CD34. The relationship between PTEN and Caspase 3 expression and clinicopathological parameters of tumors was compared.RESULTS: Primary gastric cancer cells expressed PTEN less frequently than adjacent epithelial cells of primary foci (54.9％ vs89.4％; P=0.000, χ2=33.474). PTEN expression was significantly associated with invasive depth (P=0.003,rs=0.274), metastasis (P=0.036, rs=0.197), growth pattern (P=0.008, rs=0.282), Lauren′s classification (P=0.000,rs=0.345), and histological classification (P=0.005, rs=0.262)of tumors, but not with tumor size (P=0.639, rs=0.045),Borrmann′s classification (P=0.544, rs=0.070) or TNM staging (P=0.172, rs=0.129). PTEN expression was negatively correlated with MDV in primary gastric cancer (P=0.020,F=5.558). Primary gastric cancer cells showed less frequent immunoreactivity to Caspase-3 than adjacent epithelial cells of primary foci (32.7 ％ vs 50.4 ％; P=0.007,χ2=7.286).Caspase-3 expression was dependent of PTEN expression in primary gastric cancer cells (P=0.000, χ2=15.266).CONCLUSION: Down-regulated expression of PTEN plays an important role in tumorigenesis, progression, growth,differentiation and angiogenesis of gastric cancer. Low expression of PTEN can decrease expression of Caspase-3to disorder apoptosis of tumor cells, which might explain the molecular mechanisms of PTEN contributions to tumorigenesis and progression of gastric cancer.     

胃粘膜异型增生C-erbB-2基因表达及其癌变率的研究

目的　利用免疫组化的方法探索癌前病变到癌这一过程的转化 ,探索C erbB 2基因在这一转化过程的重要作用以及在胃癌早期诊断中的意义。方法　采用胃镜活检标本 ,选择胃粘膜异型增生的病例 ,资料完整 ,有随访结果 ,分出癌变组与未癌变组 ,利用免疫组化的方法检测C erbB 2基因蛋白表达情况。结果　正常胃粘膜、轻、中、重度异型增生的癌变率分别为 0、3 4%、10 7%、16 7%,随着异型增生的程度增加其癌变率增加。未癌变组C erbB 2蛋白表达的阳性率分别为 0、5 6 1%、72 %、83 3%,癌变组分别 0、5 0 %、33 3%、2 0 %,中、重度异型增生未癌变与癌变组间差异有显著性 (P <0 0 5 )。在癌变组C erbB 2蛋白表达的阳性率降低 ,而癌变率增加。结论　异型增生是一种重要的癌前病变 ,C erbB 2基因的变异在胃癌的发生、发展中起重要作用 ,对异型增生胃粘膜进行C erbB 2基因检测有助于胃癌的早期诊断和治疗。     

胃癌组织Maspin,uPA,MMP-7表达的意义

目的:观察胃癌及正常胃黏膜Maspin,uPA, MMP-7表达的意义．方法:应用免疫组化SP法检测胃管状腺癌30 例,胃印戒细胞癌30例,正常胃黏膜组织20例中Maspin,uPA,MMP-7的表达情况．结果:在胃管状腺癌中Maspin,uPA,MMP-7 阳性表达率分别为50％,70％和80％;胃印戒细胞癌中阳性表达率分别为46．7％,76．7％和 90％;正常胃黏膜组织中阳性表达率分别为 90％,35％和30％．Maspin的表达与浸润深度、淋巴结转移相关,而与肿块的大小和TNM分期无关．uPA和MMP-7的表达与浸润深度、淋巴结转移、TNM分期相关,而与肿块的大小无关．Maspin的表达与uPA和MMP-7的表达呈负相关(P=0．012,r=-0．322;P=0．008,r= -0．341);uPA的表达与MMP-7的表达呈正相关 (P=0．034,r=0．274)．结论:Maspin在胃癌中表达下调,uPA和 MMP-7在胃癌中过表达,他们在胃癌的浸润转移中起重要作用,可作为反应胃癌病理生物学行为的有效指标．     

Roles of Helicobacter pylori infection and cyclooxygenase-2 expression in gastric carcinogenesis

AIM: Cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 is over expressed in gastrointestinal neoplasm. Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) infection is causally linked to gastric cancer. However, the expression of COX-2 in various stages of H pylori-associated gastric carcinogenesis pathway has not been elucidated. Therefore, the aim of this study was to clarify the role of H pylori induced COX-2 expression during carcinogenesis in the stomach. METHODS: Gastric biopsies from 138 subjects (30 cases of chronic superficial gastritis (CSG), 28 cases of gastric glandular atrophy (GA), 45 cases of gastric mucosal intestinal metaplasia (IM), 12 cases of moderate gastric epithelial dysplasia and 23 cases of gastric cancer) were enrolled. H pylori infection was assessed by a rapid urease test and histological examination (modified Giemsa staining). The expression of COX-1 and COX-2 in human gastric mucosa was detected by immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS: H pylori infection rate was 64.3% in GA and 69.5% in gastric cancer, which was significantly higher than that (36.7%) in CSG (P<0.05). The positive expression rates of COX-2 were 10.0%, 35.7%, 37.8%, 41.7% and 69.5% in CSG, GA, IM, dysplasia and gastric cancer, respectively. From CSG to GA, IM, dysplasia and finally to gastric cancer, expression of COX-2 showed an ascending tendency, whereas COX-1 expression did not change significantly in the gastric mucosa. The level of COX-2 expression in IM and dysplasia was significantly higher in H pylori-positive than in H pylori-negative subjects (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: COX-2 expression induced by H pylori infection is a relatively early event during carcinogenesis in the stomach.     

Caspase-3和P53在胃癌中的表达及临床意义

目的通过检测Caspase-3和P53在胃癌组织及正常胃黏膜组织中的表达情况,探讨两者与胃癌发生、发展的关系。方法采用免疫组化SP法检测胃癌组织及正常胃黏膜组织中两者的表达情况。结果胃癌组织及正常胃黏膜组织中,Caspase-3的表达阳性率分别为30.0%(15/50)、70.0%(14/20),差异有统计学意义(P0.05);P53在胃癌组织及正常胃黏膜中表达阳性率分别为76.0%(38/50)、25.0%(5/20),差异有统计学意义(P0.05);Caspase-3和P53的阳性表达率与胃癌的浸润深度、分化程度、淋巴结转移密切相关。结论 Caspase-3和P53与胃癌的发生及发展密切相关。     

Expression of Fas ligand and caspase-3 contributes to formation of immune escape in gastric cancer

AIM: To study the role of Fas ligand (FasL) and Caspase-3 expression in carcinogenesis and progression of gastric cancer and molecular mechanisms of relevant immune escape. METHODS: FasL and Caspase-3 expression was studied in adjacent epithelial cells, cancer cells and lymphocytes of primary foci, and cancer cells of metastatic foci from 113 cases of gastric cancer by streptavidin-biotin-peroxidase(S-P) immunohistochemistry. Expression of both proteins in cancer cells of primary foci was compared with clinicopathological features of gastric cancer. The relationship between Fas L expression in cancer cells and Caspase-3 expression in cancer cells or infiltrating lymphocytes of primary foci was investigated. RESULTS: Cancer cells of primary foci expressed FasL in 53.98 % (61/113) of gastric cancers, more than their adjacent epithelial cells (34.51%, 39/113) (P=0.O03,χ2=8.681), while the expression of Caspase-3 in cancer cells of primary foci was detected in 32.74 % (37/113) of gastric cancers, less than in the adjacent epithelial cells (50.44 %, 57/113)(P=0.O07, χ2=7.286). Infiltrating lymphocytes of the primary foci showed positive immunoreactivity to Caspase-3 in70.80 % (80/113) of gastric cancers, more than their corresponding adjacent epithelial cells (P=0.O01, χ2=10.635) or cancer cells of primary loci (P=-O.O00, χ2=32.767). FasL was less expressed in cancer cells of metastases (51.16 %,22/43) than in those of the corresponding primary foci( 81.58 %, 31/38) (P=0.O03, χ2=9.907). Conversely, Caspase-3 was more expressed in cancer cells of metastases(58.14 %, 25/43) than in those of the corresponding primary foci (34.21%, 13/38) (P=0.031, χ2=4.638). FasL expression was significantly correlated with tumor size (P=0.035,rs=0.276), invasive depth (P=0.039, rs=0.195), metastasis(P=0.039, rs=0.195), differentiation (P=0.015, rs=0.228)and Lauren‘‘s classification (P=0.038, rs=0. 196), but not with age or gender of patients, growth pattern or TNM staging of gastric cancer (P&gt;0.05). In contrast, Caspase-3 expression showed no correlation with any dinicopathological parametersdescribed above in cancer cells of the primary foci (p&gt;0.05).Interestingly, FasL expression in primary gastric cancer cells paralleled to Caspase-3 expression in infiltrating lymphocytes of the primary foci (P=0.016, χ2=5.825).CONCLUSION: Up-regulated expression of FasL and downregulated expression of Caspase-3 in cancer cells of primary foci play an important role in gastric carcinogenesis. As an effective marker to reveal the biological behaviors, FasL is implicated in differentiation, growth, invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer by inducing apoptosis of infiltrating lymphocytes. Chemical substances derived from bhe primary foci and metastatic microenvironment can inhibit t~e growth of metastatic cells by enhancing Caspase-3 expression and diminishing FasL expression.     

Dynamic expression of pepsinogen C in gastric cancer, precancerous lesions and Helicobacter pylori associated gastric diseases

AIM: To investigate the relationship between the expression of pepsinogen C (PGC) and gastric cancer, precancerous diseases, and Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) infection. METHODS: The expression of PGC was determined by immunohistochemistry method in 430 cases of gastric mucosa. H3 Pylori infection was determined by HE staining, PCR and ELISA in 318 specimens. RESULTS: The positive rate of PGC expression in 54 cases of normal gastric mucosa was 100%. The positive rates of PGC expression in superficial gastritis or gastric ulcer or erosion, atrophic gastritis or gastric dysplasia and gastric cancer decreased significantly in sequence (P<0.05; 100%/89.2% vs 14.3%/15.2% vs 2.4%). The over-expression rate of PGC in group of superficial gastritis with H pyloriinfection was higher than that in group without H pylori infection (P<0.05; x2= 0.032 28/33 vs 15/25). The positive rate of PGC expression in group of atrophic gastritis with H pylori infection was lower than that in group without H pylori infection (P<0.01; x2 = 0.003 4/61 vs9/30), and in dysplasia and gastric cancer. CONCLUSION: The level of PGC expression has a close relationship with the degree of malignancy of gastric mucosa and development of gastric lesions. There is a relationship between H pylori infection and expression of antigen PGC in gastric mucosa, the positive rate of PGC expression increases in early stage of gastric lesions with H pylori infection such as gastric inflammation and decreases during the late stage such as precancerous diseases and gastric cancer. PGC-negative cases with H py/ori-positive gastric lesions should be given special attention.     

E-cad基因表达与胃癌发生及预后的关系研究

为探讨上皮钙粘附蛋白（E-cad)基因表达与胃癌发生发展及预后的关系，应用免疫组织化学方法检测了65例胃癌，25例胃癌前病变患者及20例胃粘膜正常者标本中的E-cad表达。结果显示，胃癌E-cad异常表达率（53．85％）显著高于胃癌前病变（24．0％），E-cad表达异常与胃癌的临床分期，分化程度，浸润深度及淋巴结转移密切相关，E-cad表达正常胃癌患者的3年，5年生存率显著高于E-cad表达异常者（P＜0．05）。提示E-cad基因表达与胃癌发生发展密切相关，检测E-cad表达有助于胃癌的早期诊断及转移潜能与预后的判断。     

Ki-67核抗原在良、恶性胃粘膜病变中的表达及临床意义

目的　研究Ki 6 7核抗原在良、恶性胃粘膜病变中的表达及与胃癌生物学行为的关系。方法　采用免疫组化技术检测 36例正常胃粘膜和 6 4例胃癌Ki 6 7核抗原的蛋白表达。结果　正常胃粘膜中Ki 6 7核抗原的表达率为 5 6 %,胃癌中Ki 6 7核抗原的表达率为 43 8%,二者相比具有显著性差异 (P <0 0 1) ;侵犯肌层或浆膜层胃癌的Ki 6 7核抗原表达率 ( 5 4 5 %)显著高于局限于粘膜层和粘膜下层者 ( 2 0 0 %) (P <0 0 5 ) ;低分化胃癌的Ki 6 7核抗原表达率 ( 5 6 8%)显著高于高、中分化胃癌 ( 2 5 0 %) (P <0 0 5 ) ;淋巴结转移阳性组胃癌Ki 6 7核抗原表达率 ( 6 7 7%)显著高于淋巴结转移阴性组 ( 2 1 2 %) (P <0 0 5 )。结论　Ki 6 7核抗原的表达与胃癌的侵袭、低分化、淋巴结转移显著相关 ,是判断胃癌患者预后的一项有价值的参考指标。     

Clinical significance of expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen and E-cadherin in gastric carcinoma

AIM to investigate the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen(p CNA)and E-cadherin in gastric carcinoma and to analyze their clinical significance.METHODS A total of 146 patients were selected for this study,including 38 patients with intestinal metaplasia,42with dysplasia,and 66 with primary gastric cancer.In addition,40 patients with normal gastric tissues were selected as controls.the expression of p CNA and E-cadherin was detected by immunohistochemistry.Differences in p CNA and the E-cadherin labeling indexes among normal gastric mucosa,intestinal metaplasia,dysplasia,and gastric carcinoma were compared.Subjects with normal gastric tissues were assigned to a normal group,while gastric cancer patients were assigned to a gastric cancer group.the difference in p CNA and E-cadherin expression between these two groups was compared.the relationship between expression of p CNA and E-cadherin and clinicopathological features was also explored in gastric cancer patients.furthermore,prognosis-related factors,as well as the expression of p CNA and E-cadherin,were analyzed in patients with gastric cancer to determine the 3-year survival of these patients.RESULTS the difference in p CNA and the E-cadherin labeling indexes among normal gastric mucosa,intestinal metaplasia,dysplasia,and gastric carcinoma was statistically significant(p0.05).During the transition of normal gastric mucosa to gastric cancer,the p CNA labeling index gradually increased,while the E-cadherin labeling index gradually decreased(p0.05).the p CNA labeling index was significantly higher and the E-cadherin labeling index was significantly lower in gastric cancer than in dysplasia(p0.05).the expression of p CNA was significantly higher in the gastric cancer group than in the normal group,but E-cadherin was weaker(p0.05).there was a negative correlation between the expression of p CNA and E-cadherin in gastric carcinoma(r=-0.741,p=0.000).p CNA expression differed significantly between gastric cancer patients with and without lymph node metastasis and between patients at different t stages.E-cadherin expression also differed significantly between gastric cancer patients with and without lymph node metastasis(p0.05).High t stage and positive p CNA expression were risk factors for the prognosis of patients with gastric cancer(RR1),while the positive expression of E-cadherin was a protective factor(RR1).the sensitivity,specificity,and accuracy of p CNA positivity in predicting the 3-year survival of patients with gastric cancer were 93.33%,38.89%,and0.64,respectively;while these values for E-cadherin negativity were 80.0%,41.67%,and 0.59,respectively.When p CNA positivity and E-cadherin negativity were combined,the sensitivity,specificity,and accuracy were66.67%,66.67%,and 0.67,respectively.CONCLUSION Combined detection of p CNA and E-cadherin can improve the accuracy of assessing the prognosis of patients with gastric cancer.     

COX-2 expression in gastric cancer and its relationship with angiogenesis using tissue microarray

AIM： To explore the expression and clinicopathological significance of cyclooxygenase-2 （COX-2） and microvessel density （MVD） in gastric carcinogenesis, and to investigate their roles in the invasion and the relationship between biological behaviors and prognosis of gastric cancer.
METHODS： Using Envision immunohistochemistry, COX-2 and CD34 expressions in gastric cancer tissue array were examined. MVD was counted and the relationship between the biological behaviors and prognosis was analyzed.
RESULTS： The expression of COX-2 in gastric cancer tissue was significantly higher than that in normal mucosa （χ^2 = 12.191, P 〈 0.05）. The over-expression of COX-2 in gastric cancer was obviously related to metastasis and depth of invasion （χ^2 = 6.315, P 〈 0.05）, but not related to the histological type and Borrmann type （χ^2 = 5.391 and χ^2= 2.228, respectively）. Moreover, MVD in gastric cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in the normal mucosa （65.49 ± 20.64 vs 36.21 ± 18.47, t/F = 7.53, P 〈 0. 05）. MVD was related to the histologic type and metastasis （t/F= 3.68 and t/F = 4.214, respectively, P 〈 0. 05）, but not related to the depth of invasion and Borrmann type （t/F = 0.583 and t/F = 0.459, respectively）. MVD in COX-2-positive tissues was markedly higher compared to COX-2-negative tissues, indicating a positive correlation between COX-2 expression and MVD （t = 13.12, P 〈 0. 05）.
CONCLUSION： Tissue microarray （TMA） is a powerful tool for rapid identification of the molecular alterations in gastric cancer. COX-2 expression, via inducingangiogenesis, may play an important role in gastric carcinogenesis. It could be served as a determinant factor for clinical prognosis and curative effect.     

Microsatellite instability in gastric cancer and pre-cancerous lesions

AIM: To investigate the microsatellite instability (MSI) in cancer and pre-cancerous lesions of the stomach and its mechanisms underlying the development of gastric cancer. METHODS: Thirty-six gastric cancer samples were obtained from patients undergoing surgery. Forty-one gastric mucosa samples with dysplasia and 51 with intestinal metaplasia (IM) were obtained from patients with chronic gastritis undergoing gastro-endoscopy. Genomic DNA was extracted from the samples. Silver staining single strand conformation polymorphis-polymerize chain reaction (SSCP-PCR) was used to screen MSI markers at 5 loci (Bat-25, Bat-26, D5S346, D17S250, and D2S123) in fresh tissues and formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded samples and their corresponding normal gastric mucosa. RESULTS: The abnormal shifting of the single-strand DNA (MSI) was identified in 21 out of 36 (58.3%) gastric cancers. Seven cases showed high-level MSI (two or more loci altered) and 14 showed low-level MSI (one locus altered). Gastric cancer with MSI had a tendency to be located in the distal stomach. MSI was also detected in 11 out of 41 (26.8%) dysplasia samples and in 9 of 51 (17.6%) IM samples respectively. Three cases of dysplasia and one case of IM showed high-level MSI. Eight cases of dysplasia and 8 cases of IM displayed low-level MSI. MIS in IM was found only in moderate or severe-grade IM. No association was detected between MSI and dysplasia grade. CONCLUSION: Accumulation of MSI in dysplasia and intestinal metaplasia of gastric mucosa may be an early molecular event during gastric carcinogenesis and may contribute to the acquisition of transformed cell phenotype and the development of gastric cancer.     

Significance and relationship between Yes-associated protein and survivin expression in gastric carcinoma and precancerous lesions

AIM： To analyze the differences and relevance of Yesassociated protein （YAP） and survivin, and to explore the correlation and significance of their expression in gastric carcinoma and precancerous lesions.
METHODS： The PV9000 immunohistochemical method was used to detect the expression of YAP and survivin in 98 cases of normal gastric mucosa, 58 intestinal metaplasia （IM）, 32 dysplasia and 98 gastric carcinoma.
RESULTS： The positive rates of YAP in dysplasia （37.5%） and gastric carcinoma （48.0%） were significantly higher than that in normal gastric mucosa （13.3%）, P 〈 0.01. The positive rates of survivin in IM （53.4%）, dysplasia （59.4%） and gastric carcinoma （65.3%） were significantly higher than in normal gastric mucosa （11.2%）, P 〈 0.01. Survivin expression gradually increased from 41.7% in well differentiated adenocarcinoma through 58.3% in moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma to 75.6% in poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma, with significant Rank correlation, rk = 0.279, P 〈 0.01. The positive rate of survivin in gastric carcinoma of diffused type （74.6%） was significantly higher than that in intestinal type （51.3%）, P 〈 0.05. In gastric carcinoma with lymph node metastasis （76.9%）, the positive rate of survivin was significantly higher than that in the group without lymph node metastasis （41.2%）, P 〈 0.01. In 98 cases of gastric carcinoma, the expression of YAP and of survivin were positively correlated, rk = 0.246, P 〈 0.01.
CONCLUSION： YAP may play an important role as a carcinogenic factor and may induce survivin expression. Detecting both markers together may help in early diagnosis of gastric carcinoma.     

pS2/TFF1蛋白在胃癌及其癌前病变组织中表达的研究

背景:pS2/TFF1蛋白属于三叶因子家族,是一类具有胃肠道黏膜保护和修复作用的生长因子类小分子多肽物质,研究pS2/TFF1蛋白可能为胃癌的防治开辟新的思路。目的:观察pS2/TFF1蛋白在胃癌及其癌前病变组织中的表达,探讨其与胃癌发生的关系。方法:采用免疫组化法检测30例慢性非萎缩性胃炎、35例慢性萎缩性胃炎、50例慢性萎缩性胃炎伴肠化生、37例异型增生、46例胃癌和30名健康志愿者胃黏膜组织中pS2/TFF1蛋白的表达。结果:正常胃黏膜组织-慢性非萎缩性胃炎-慢性萎缩性胃炎-慢性萎缩性胃炎伴肠化生-异型增生-胃癌组织中,pS2/TFF1蛋白阳性表达呈逐渐下降的趋势(分别为100%、93.3%、82.9%、78.0%、62.2%、56.5%),差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。与正常对照组、慢性非萎缩性胃炎组和慢性萎缩性胃炎组相比,慢性萎缩性胃炎伴肠化生组、异型增生组和胃癌组pS2/TFF1蛋白阳性表达均显著降低(P0.05),而后三组之间的差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:pS2/TFF1蛋白表达降低是胃癌发生过程中的早期事件,有望成为诊断胃癌的标记物。