医学图像处理技术

随着医学成像和计算机辅助技术的发展,从二维医学图像到三维可视化技术成为研究的热点,本文介绍了医学图像处理技术的发展动态,对图像分割、纹理分析、图像配准和图像融合技术的现状及其发展进行了综述。在比较各种技术在相关领域应用的基础上,提出医学图像处理技术发展所面临的相关问题及其发展方向。     

重庆市农村卫生适宜技术培训和应用效果及影响因素分析

[目的]对重庆市农村卫生适宜技术培训和应用效果进行评价,并对影响因素进行分析,为重庆市“十一五”适宜技术的筛选和应用示范研究提供依据。[方法]通过对重庆市两个农村卫生适宜技术示范县使用适宜技术的医务人员和接受技术服务的患者进行问卷调查,应用描述性指标、Logistic回归和Topsis决策方法对调查结果进行分析。[结果]重庆市适宜技术培训方式主要以现场培训为主,培训效果最好的方式是现场培训;79.84%的适宜技术的应用效果为显著有效;适宜技术的掌握熟练程度越好、中医技术越多、医务人员年龄越大、培训时间越长,应用率越高;西医技术的应用效果好于中医技术。[结论]农村卫生适宜技术应进一步示范推广应用。     

医学留学生对医学中文课程评价的调查与分析

[目的]对留学生医学中文课程进行评价。[方法]对完成医学中文课程的75名医学留学生进行问卷调查。[结果]医学留学生认为医学中文课程设置合理、教学效果好、实现了教学目标、课程具有实用性;对教材和教师的授课过程的评价较高。[结论]医学中文课程设置在留学生进入临床前能促进留学生掌握医学知识并实现教学的目标,抓好教学过程能提高课程的教学效果。     

我国卫生技术现存问题分析

利用卫生统计年鉴数据,通过比较分析我国卫生技术的现状,找出我国卫生技术评估存在的问题。建立权威性的卫生技术评估机构,发挥药物经济性评估在卫生技术中的意义,从而合理配置卫生技术资源,解决当前问题,有利于更好的开展卫生技术的改革与发展。     

重视医务工作者心理健康 构筑和谐医疗环境

针对医务工作者心理健康问题愈发突出的情况,本文通过理论联系实际,对医务工作者心理健康问题的成因进行剖析,呼吁各级部门要重视医务工作者的心理健康问题,并提出要大力开展心理健康宣传工作、深入开展心理健康评估、做好满意度调查,提高激励效能,引入心理契约管理理念、建立有效的沟通渠道和完善的心理压力排解体系等对策。为构筑和谐医疗环境提供有效条件。     

PUBLIC HEALTH PRINCIPLES IN THE REGENERATION OF MEDICAL EDUCATION

Models are being tested in seven of the United States whereby grassroots community organizations become coalition partners with professional health schools and local health agencies. The goal of the project is to improve community health through empowerment concepts rather than by an expanded service model. Medical faculties need to develop practice by which their students can learn issues of human development within underserved communities.     

THE EFFECTS OF HEALTH STATUS AND HEALTH SHOCKS ON HOURS WORKED

We investigate the impact of health on working hours. This is in recognition of the fact that leaving the labour market because of persistently low levels of health status, or because of new health shocks, is only one of the possible responses open to employees. We use the first six waves of the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) Survey to estimate the joint effect of health status and health shocks on working hours. To account for zero working hours, we use a dynamic random effects Tobit model of working hours. We follow Heckman (1981) and approximate the unknown initial conditions with a static equation that utilises information from the first wave of the data. Predicted individual health status is used to ameliorate the possible effects of measurement error and endogeneity. We conclude that overall, lower health status results in fewer working hours and that when they occur, health shocks lead to further reductions in working hours. Estimation results show that the model performs well in separating the time‐persistent effect of health status and the potentially more transient health shocks on working hours. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

氢醌对职业接触人群健康的影响

目的：调查氢醌生产厂的接触水平及对职业接触人群健康的影响。方法：空气浓度监测，选92名接触工人作体格检查，另73名非接触者作对照。结果：车间空气中氢醌浓度为0．012～6．662mg/m3，时间加权平均浓度为0．011～3．685mg/m3，该浓度以包装工段最高。结论：职业接触人群呼吸道刺激症状增加，肺功能及血小板计数有所降低，而肝、肾和免疫功能无明显改变．