葡萄籽提取物、维生素E和硒的联合抗氧化作用研究

目的 探讨和分析葡萄籽提取物、维生素E和硒合理配伍后的复合制剂对人体抗氧化能力的影响。 方法 根据受试者的纳入标准筛选114名自愿参与者作为受试者,按试验前受试者血液中的丙二醛（MDA）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活力和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）活力情况分层后随机分为试验组和对照组,试验组受试者按每日服用量服用葡萄籽提取物、维生素E、硒复合制剂,对照组受试者按同等剂量服用安慰剂,连续服用3个月后,检测和分析2组受试者血液中MDA含量、SOD活力和GSH-Px活力的变化情况。结果 本研究试验组和对照组各50人。2组受试者的年龄及性别构成差异均无统计学意义（均P>0.05）。试验结束后受试者精神状态、睡眠质量、饮食、大小便等均未发现明显异常,胸片、心电图、腹部B超检查结果也均未发现异常改变,均未出现不良反应。试验前2组受试者MDA含量、SOD活力和GSH-Px活力的差异均无统计学意义（均P>0.05）。试验后试验组MDA含量明显低于对照组,SOD活力和GSH-Px活力明显高于对照组（均P<0.05）。试验后试验组MDA含量下降率、SOD活力升高率和GSH-Px活力升高率明显高于对照组（均P<0.01）。结论 葡萄籽提取物、维生素E、硒合理配伍后的复合制剂能够明显降低受试者的MDA含量、提高受试者的SOD活力和GSH-Px活力,葡萄籽提取物、维生素E和硒合理配伍后联合使用能够有效提升人体的抗氧化能力。     

Protective effects of vitamins C and E against hepatotoxicity induced by methyl parathion in rats

Male rats were given vitamins C+E, methyl parathion, or both daily via gavage for seven weeks. Body weight was decreased while liver weight increased significantly at the end of fourth and seventh weeks in the methyl parathion- and methyl parathion plus vitamin-treated groups. Serum total protein, albumin, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (VLDL-cholesterol) levels decreased, and serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), γ-glutamyl-transferase (GGT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and total cholesterol levels increased significantly in the methyl parathion- and the methyl parathion plus vitamin-treated rats. There was a statistically significant difference for all biochemical parameters when the methyl parathion plus vitamin-treated group was compared with methyl parathion-treated group. In electron microscopic investigation, cytopathological alterations were observed in hepatocytes of the methyl parathion- and the methyl parathion plus vitamin-treated rats. As a result, methyl parathion-induced hepatotoxicity is reduced by vitamins C+E, but vitamins C+E did not provide complete protection.     

Cardioprotective effects of selenium on chromium (VI)-induced toxicity in female rats

Acute exposure to hexavalent chromium compounds can cause cardiotoxicity. Our study pertains to the protective effect of selenium against K₂Cr₂O₇-induced cardiotoxicity. Female Wistar rats were divided into four groups of six each: group I served as controls which received standard diet; group II received in drinking water K₂Cr₂O₇ alone (700 ppm); group III received both K₂Cr₂O₇ and Se (0.5 Na₂SeO₃ mg/kg of diet); group IV received Se (0.5 mg/kg of diet) for 3 weeks. The exposure of rats to chromium promoted oxidative stress with an increase in malondialdehyde levels and a decrease in antioxidant non-enzymatic levels such as glutathione, non-protein thiol and vitamin C, while, an increase in glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase activities was observed. However, plasma transaminases, lactate dehydrogenase activities, cholesterol, triglycerides and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels increased, and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol decreased. Coadministration of Se restored the parameters cited above to near-normal values. The histopathological findings confirmed the biochemical results     

GSH和维生素E对镉毒性的影响

目的 探讨GSH和维生素E对镉毒性的影响。方法 给4组Syrian仓鼠皮下注射0、35、60和70μmol/kg体质量CdCl2,另2组仓鼠用GSH和维生素E预处理后再投与70μmol/kgCdCl2,染镉后24小时观察血清LDH、ALT,尿LDH和尿蛋白,肝脏和肾皮质镉含量以及肝脏和肾皮质GSH含量的变化。结果 随着染镉剂量的增加,血清LDH和ALT活性有升高趋势。70μmol/kg组仓鼠血清LDH和ALT活性明显高于对照组;尿LDH活性和尿蛋白含量各染镉组与对照组之间无明显差异;各染镉组了鼠肝和肾皮质镉浓度随染镉剂量增加而升高,肾皮质SH含量均明显高于对照组,而肝脏GSH含量与对照组之间无明显差异。给仓鼠GSH和维生素E预处理后仓鼠血清LDH和ALT活性明显低于单纯染镉组;肝和肾皮质GSH含量低于单纯染镉组;维生素E预处理组仓鼠肾皮质镉浓度也低于单纯染镉组。结论 急性染镉主要引起子鼠肝脏损害,GSH和维生素E预处理可以拮抗镉的肝脏毒性,此种保护作用不是由于GSH含量的改变,推测可能与它们的抗氧化和稳定生物膜的特性有关。     

A Nested Case–Control Study on Plasma Vitamin E and Risk of Cancer: Evidence of Effect Modification by Selenium

Background

Evidence from epidemiologic studies has been inconsistent regarding the role of vitamin E in cancer incidence risk.

Antioxidant responses after microcystin exposure in gills of an estuarine crab species pre-treated with vitamin E

Microcystins are hepatotoxins suspected to generate oxidative stress. This mechanism was evaluated in gills of the estuarine crab Chasmagnathus granulatus (Decapoda, Brachyura). Adult male crabs were fed ground beef with or without vitamin E (600 mg/kg). Microcystin (1.21 microg/kg) was daily administered through forced ingestion, for 7 days. After exposure, catalase activity was reduced in posterior gills of crabs supplemented with vitamin E. A lower increment in glutathione S-transferase activity (GST) was observed in organisms pretreated with vitamin E and then exposed to microcystin with respect to those exposed to the toxin but not pretreated with the vitamin. Pretreatment with vitamin E also increased nonproteic sulfhyrdil groups and this effect was not observed after microcystin exposure. The fact that supplementation with antioxidants such as vitamin E modulates GST activity indicates the direct or indirect involvement of microcystin in oxidative stress generation.     

番茄红素与维生素E复合制剂抗氧化作用的研究

目的:研究番茄红素与维生素E复合制剂对自然老龄大鼠的抗氧化作用。方法:对自然老龄大鼠给予0.07、0.13、0.40g/kg·BW剂量的番茄红素与维生素E复合制剂42d,检测血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、血清脂质过氧化产物(MDA)的含量。结果:该复合剂0.13、0.40g/kg·BW剂量组可使自然老龄大鼠的超氧化物歧化酶活力增加(P<0.05),血清过氧化脂质降解产物丙二醛含量降低(P<0.05),但对谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶含量无影响(P>0.05)。结论:番茄红素与维生素E复合制剂可提高自然老龄大鼠机体的抗氧化能力,抑制脂质过氧化的作用。     

Effect of vitamin E,selenium and age on lipid peroxidation events in rat cerebrum

The effect of 8 and 20 weeks of dietary vitamin E (200 IU/kg diet) and/or selenium (0.2 ppm) supplementation or deficiency on oxidative processes in cerebrum of 1 and 15 month old male F344 rats was examined. After 8 weeks of treatment a 32-fold difference in plasma and a 3-fold difference in cerebrum alpha-tocopherol (a-T) level was found between vitamin E supplemented and deficient young rats. These differences were 1.8- and 1.5-fold, respectively, in old rats and increased to 8- and 2-fold differences, respectively, after an additional 12 weeks of treatment. Selenium deficiency had a significant effect on plasma glutathione peroxidase activity and a slight sparing effect on plasma a-T content. Endogenous lipid peroxides (thiobarbituric acid reactants present without incubation) in cerebrum were not correlated with a-T concentration or age. However, incubation of cerebrum homogenates with or without the addition of 0.1 mM Fe²⁺, 0.25 mM ascorbic acid, or 100 mg % acetaldehyde revealed that dietary vitamin E has a major role and selenium has a minor role in the protection against ex-vivo and possibly in vivo lipid peroxidation in cerebrum.     

硒与维生素E对实验性心肌缺血大鼠花生四烯酸代谢的影响

在低硒低维生素Ｅ的克山病病区粮中添加硒（Ｓｅ）或／和维生素Ｅ（ＶＥ）饲养大鼠１０周；用手术结扎大鼠心脏左冠状动脉前降支以造成急性心肌急性缺血模型。结果表明，术后４８小时低Ｓｅ低ＶＥ组磷脂酶Ａ＿２活力、花生四烯酸、血栓素、白三烯水平增高，前列环素水平降低，血清ＣＫ、ＬＤＨ增高，同时伴有谷眺甘肽过氧化物酶、铜锌超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶活力降低，脂质过氧化物含量增多。补Ｓｅ或ＶＥ对纠正上述变化有相似而又不尽相同的效果，而以联合补充效果最佳。结果提示，膳食摄人适量Ｓｅ和ＶＥ可能影响花生四烯酸代谢及其产物水平，改善急性缺血应激条件下心肌功能和代谢状态，减轻心肌急性缺血性损伤。     

硒和维生素E对紫外线引起DNA损伤的保护作用

目的 研究硒和维生素E对由紫外线诱导的DNA损伤的保护作用。方法 体外培养人肺成纤维细胞。加硒和维生素E处理2h后，紫外线分别照射7，15，30min，然后用单细胞凝胶电泳技术检测细胞DNA的损伤情况。结果 经紫外线直接照射的细胞DNA损伤严重，而在照射过程中加入中浓度的硒或维生素E后细胞DNA损伤明显减轻。结论 紫外线照射细胞可使DNA受到损伤，硒和维生素E具有拮抗这种损伤的作用，可能与其抗氧化等功能有关。     

2,3,7,8-四氯二苯-p-二英对雌性小鼠血浆维生素A、E的影响

目的了解2,3,7,8-四氯二苯-p-二(口恶)英(TCDD)对雌鼠血浆维生素A、E水平的影响.方法将实验昆明种雌性小鼠24只,随机分为染毒高(100 μg/kg)、中(10 μg/kg)、低(1 μg/kg)剂量和空白对照4组,腹腔注射染毒.48 h后对实验小鼠取血,离心后取上层血浆,用无水乙醇沉淀蛋白,加环己烷萃取后,使用荧光分光光度仪在不同波长下测定其荧光值,计算出维生素A、E浓度,进行统计分析.结果对照及染毒剂量低、中、高4组中小鼠血浆维生素A的平均水平差异无显著性(P＞0.05);血浆维生素E的平均水平差异有显著性(P＜0.05),对照组与低剂量组之间维生素E的浓度水平差异无显著性,但与中、高剂量组之间维生素E的浓度水平差异都有显著性(P＜0.05).结论在此实验条件下,尚不能够认为TCDD对雌鼠血浆维生素A的水平有影响,但对维生素E的水平有一定影响.     

Dimethoate-induced oxidative damage in erythrocytes of female adult rats: possible protective effect of vitamin E and selenium supplemented to diet

Pesticide hazards have been accentuated by the sharp rise in their agricultural, industrial and domestic use. Acute exposure to pesticides can cause oxidative damage. Our study investigated the potential ability of selenium (Se) and/or vitamin E, used as nutritional supplements, to alleviate erythrocyte oxidative damage induced by dimethoate (DM), an organophosphate pesticide. Female Wistar rats were exposed to DM (0.2g/L(-1) of drinking water), DM + Se (0.5 mg/kg of diet), DM + vitamin E (100 mg/kg of diet), or DM + Se + vitamin E. Rats exposed to DM for 30 days showed an increase in malondialdehyde levels, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities in their erythocytes, while Na(+),K(+)-ATPase and catalase activities, glutathione, non-protein thiol, vitamin E and vitamin C levels decreased. We also noted an increase in lactate dehydrogenase activity, marker of haemolysis and a decrease in acetylcholinesterase, the principal mode of organophosphorus action. Co-administration of Se or vitamin E to the diet of DM-treated rats ameliorated the biochemical parameters cited above. But the combined effect of Se and vitamin E was more powerful in antagonizing DM-induced oxidative stress. Therefore, our investigation revealed that both Se and vitamin E were useful elements in preventing DM-induced erythrocytes damage.     

1-溴丙烷对两种雄性大鼠肝脏毒性的研究

目的研究1-溴丙烷对两种雄性大鼠的肝脏毒性及谷胱甘肽S-转移酶(GST)在肝脏解毒代谢中的作用。方法将18只Fischer344大鼠和18只Wistar大鼠分别随机分为两组,一组给予新鲜空气,一组给予1000ppm1-溴丙烷,每天8h,连续暴露4周。通过血浆的生化指标和病理切片对肝脏的功能和形态进行了评价。利用化学比色法和实时定量PCR法对肝脏中的GST的活力和基因表达水平进行测量。结果1-溴丙烷暴露可引起两种大鼠体重的下降及肝脏重量的上升;病理发现肝脏中央静脉周围的肝细胞出现空泡样改变,血浆中CK、ALT和TBIL和DBIL等指标上升明显;两种大鼠肝脏细胞胞浆的GST活力增强,Fischer344大鼠微粒体GST的活力也增强;肝脏组织的GSTmRNA表达水平升高。结论1-溴丙烷暴露对两种雄性大鼠具有肝脏毒性,GST在1-溴丙烷的肝脏解毒代谢中可能起到较重要作用。     

液质联用法同时测定保健食品中维生素E、维生素E乙酸酯和辅酶Q10

目的采用高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(HPLC-MS/MS),建立保健食品中维生素E、维生素E乙酸酯和辅酶Q10的检测方法。方法样品经过乙腈超声提取(50℃),采用HPLC-MS/MS法进行检测。色谱条件:采用Agilent Eclipse-plus C18(2.1 mm×50 mm,1.8μm)色谱柱,流动相为乙醇-甲醇(含0.1%甲酸)溶液,梯度洗脱,流速为0.2 ml/min,柱温为35℃。质谱条件:电喷雾离子源(ESI+),干燥气温度为250℃,鞘气流速为11 L/min,源电压为4 kV,检测方式为多重反应监测(MRM)模式。结果维生素E、维生素E乙酸酯和辅酶Q10在相应的浓度范围内与峰面积都呈良好线性关系(r>0.99),加样回收率为78.1%~96.3%,精密度RSD<6%,方法检出限在0.008μg/g^0.15μg/g。结论此方法测定快速准确、灵敏度高,专属性强,可用于保健食品中维生素E、维生素E乙酸酯和辅酶Q10的检测。     

维生素E联合维生素C对染石英尘肺泡巨噬细胞脂质过氧化和抗氧化酶的影响

目的 探讨维生素E与维生素C联合抗石英尘细胞毒作用及其机制。方法 采用体外细胞培养法，研究不同浓度维生素E与维生素C对染色英尘的肺泡巨噬细胞（AM）膜脂质过氧化和抗氧化酶的影响。结果 在染石英尘的AM中加入维生素E与维生素C，可以减少活性氧，丙二醛的生成，与石英组比较，差异有显著性；而过氧化氢酶，谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶，超氧化物歧化酶的活力和细胞活力高于石英组。结论 维生素E联合维生素C对染石英尘的肺泡巨噬细胞具有保护作用。     

Protective effects of vitamin C against haematological and biochemical toxicity induced by deltamethrin in male Wistar rats

Deltamethrin is a synthetic pyrethroid insecticide. It is known for its wide toxic manifestations. The present experiment pertains to the protective role of vitamin C against haematological and biochemical toxicity induced by deltamethrin during 4 weeks. Male Wistar rats were divided into four groups of eight each: Group I served as control rats; Group II received deltamethrin (1.28 mg/kg BW) in drinking water. Group III received both deltamethrin and vitamin C (200 mg/kg BW; by i.p. injection); Group IV received vitamin C (200 mg/kg BW). Exposure of rats to deltamethrin caused significant changes of some haematological parameters (red blood cells (RBC), haemoglobin (Hb), haematocrit (Ht), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC), platelet (Plt) and white blood cells (WBC)) in treated rats compared to controls. Significant increases in the levels of hepatic markers enzymes (alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), γ-Glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GT)). Furthermore, renal markers such as urea and creatinine were increased in deltamethrin treated rats. Additionally, serum cholesterol and lipid peroxidation were significantly enhanced. Co-administration of vitamin C to the group III restored all the parameters cited above to near-normal values. Therefore, our investigation revealed that vitamin C appeared to be a promising agent for protection against deltamethrin-induced toxicity.     

Effects of dietary vitamin E and high supplementation of vitamin C on plasma glucose and cholesterol levels

Weanling male Sprague Dawley rats were fed ad libitum a purified basal diet free of vitamins E and C. In Experiment I (4 weeks), 24 rats were divided into four groups with 2×2 factorial design. They were supplemented with 0 or 45 IU/kg diet of vitamin E, and O or 2.0 g/kg diet of vitamin C. In Experiment II (16 weeks), 36 rats were divided into six groups with 2×3 factorial design. Vitamin E was supplemented at the level of O or 45 IU/kg diet, and vitamin C was supplemented at the level of O, 1.5, or 3.0 g/kg diet, respectively. Plasma glucose level and cholesterol level were determined in both experiments. The plasma levels of glucose and cholesterol were significantly and negatively correlated. Plasma glucose level was significantly increased and plasma cholesterol level significantly decreased by the high supplementation of vitamin C with or without vitamin E in the diet. Vitamin E deficiency decreased plasma glucose level and increased plasma cholesterol level significantly with or without vitamin C supplementation. The groups with adequate level of vitamin E (45 IU/kg diet) and no vitamin C showed moderate plasma glucose and cholesterol levels.     

维生素C、E对汞急性肾毒作用影响的实验研究

目的 探讨Vit C和Vit E对汞急性肾毒作用的影响。方法 Wistar大鼠随机分成6组：对照组,低、中、高剂量染汞组,Vit C、Vit E预处理组。染毒12h后收集12h尿样,采集血液,分离血清,切取肝脏、肾皮质样品。测定肝、肾皮质和尿中汞含量,尿 N-乙酰-β-D氨基葡萄糖苷酶(NAG)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活性和尿蛋白、血清尿素氮(BUN)含量。结果高剂量染汞组肝、肾皮质和尿中汞含量显著高于对照组,且肾皮质中汞含量显著高于肝汞,高剂量染汞组尿NAG、ALP、EDH活性和尿蛋白、BUN含量显著高于对照组。Vit C和Vit E预处理组肝、肾皮质和尿中汞含量显著高于对照组,尿NAG、ALP活性和尿蛋白含量显著低于高剂量染汞组,LDH活性和BUN含量也低于高剂量染汞组,且Vit C预处理组与高剂量染汞组差异有显著性。结论Vit C和Vit E对汞急性肾毒作用有一定的拮抗作用。     

维生素E对静态负荷所致肌肉损伤保护作用的实验观察

目的观察家兔骨骼肌在静态负荷过程中血清肌酸激酶(CK)和乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活力的变化,研究抗氧化剂维生素E对肌肉损伤的保护作用.方法将家兔分为3组,一组为空白对照组,另外两组家兔腰部施加一定的静态负荷,并给其中一组口服维生素E,分别于实验的不同时间取血,并测定3组动物血清中CK、LDH的活力.结果口服维生素E组与观察组动物血清CK活力都随实验时间的延长而升高,各个时点的血清CK活力与对照组相比,差异有显著性(P＜0.01);但维生素E组血清CK活力在6、9及12h时分别为(5880.3±1242.1)、(6756.7±1069.2)、(7800.0±506.4)IU/L,均低于观察组[(9693.7±2336.5)、(11862.3±3839.6)、(15812.5±2311.9)IU/L],差异有显著性(P＜0.01).观察组的LDH活力随时间延长而增高,3、6、9、12h时LDH活力分别为(380.8±49.5)、(398.5±96.5)、(433.2±107.9)、(414.7±96.9)IU/L,与对照组比较,差异有显著性(P＜0.05);维生素E组各个时点LDH活力与对照组相比,差异无显著性(P＞0.05).结论静态负荷可引起血清CK活力及LDH活力不同程度的升高,提示肌细胞膜通透性增高,骨骼肌有一定程度的损伤,维生素E对这类损伤有一定的保护作用.     

维生素E治疗120例新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病的疗效观察

目的:探讨维生素E和维生素C联合治疗对120例新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病的临床疗效。方法:收集2007年4月～2011年5月在广西百色市右江民族医学院附属医院新生儿科住院治疗的新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病患者120例,按随机对照原则分为对照组(60例)和实验组(60例),对照组给予胞二磷胆碱及对症支持治疗,实验组在对照组的基础上加用维生素E和维生素C联合治疗,观察两组患者的临床疗效和不良反应。结果:实验组患者的临床有效率为73.3%,显著高于对照组的61.7%,两组间有效率具有统计学意义(P<0.05),两组患者药物不良反应发生率均较低。结论:维生素E和维生素C联合治疗新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病的临床疗效确切,安全性良好。