湖北贝母二萜聚合物的结构研究

目的：研究湖北贝母二萜聚合物的结构。方法采用硅胶柱层析从湖北贝母Fritillaria hupehensis H siao et K.C.Hsia中分得３个对映－贝壳杉烷型聚合二萜鄂贝缩醛Ａ(fritilleinide A)、鄂贝酸酯Ｃ（fritillebin C)和鄂贝酸酯Ｄ（fritillebin D)。结果经理化常数、光谱分析及与标准品对照、证明它们的结构为ent-kauran-16β,17-acetalent-16β-kauran-17-(S)aldehyde(Ⅰ）,ent-16-hydroxy-kanran-17-yl ent-16-kauran-17-oate(Ⅱ）,ent-16α－hydroxy-kauran-17-yl ent-16β－kauranoate(Ⅲ）.结论这３种二萜聚合物为首次分得。     

广西甜茶化学成分的研究Ⅱ

目的研究广西甜茶(Rubus suavissimusS.Lee)叶中的活性成分。方法利用反复硅胶柱层析的方法对广西甜茶进行分离和纯化,通过IR、MS、NMR等光谱技术和化学方法鉴定化合物的结构。结果从广西甜茶叶中分离得到3个对映-贝壳杉型二萜类化合物,经鉴定化合物1为对映-16α,17-二羟基-贝壳杉-19-羧酸(ent-16α,17-dihydroxy-kauran-19-oic acid),化合物2为对映-贝壳杉-3α,16β,17-三醇(ent-kauran-3α,16β,17-3-triol),化合物3为对映-13,17二羟基-贝壳杉-15-烯-19-羧酸(ent-13,17-di-hydroxy-kauran-15-en-19-oic acid)。结论化合物1,2,3均为首次从该植物中分得。     

金钩花中的二萜化合物(英文)

从番荔枝科植物金钩花(Pseuduvaria indochinensis Merr.)中分离出了三个二萜化合物,经光谱鉴定及X衍射分析,分别鉴定为ent-8α-羟基-18-海松酸(1),ent-海松酸(2)及ent-16α,17-二羟基-19-贝壳杉酸(3)。其中(1)和(2)为新化合物。     

番荔枝属植物树皮中二萜类成分的HPLC-ELSD分析

目的 建立一种HPLC-ELSD分析方法,测定不同产地、不同种番荔枝属植物树皮中4种贝壳杉烷型二萜的含量.方法 采用Agilent ZORBAX 80A Extend-C18柱,0.3%冰醋酸溶液(A)-乙腈(B)梯度洗脱[0～40 min,60%～0%(A);40%～100%(B)],流速0.6 mL·min-1,蒸发光散射检测器(ELSD).结果 4种贝壳杉烷型二萜与相邻杂质能较好分离,理论塔板数按16α-hydro-19-acetoxy-ent-kauran-17-oic acid(Ⅲ)计算不低于49 000.贝壳杉烷型二萜成分以海南产圆滑番荔枝中含量最高.结论 该方法精密度高、分离效果好,分析准确,适合于该属植物中二萜类成分的含量测定;不同产地、不同种植物中各成分均存在一定的差别.     

光叶番荔枝叶子化学成分的研究(一)

目的 从光叶番荔枝(Annona glbra Linn)叶子中提取分离活性物质.方法 95%乙醇提取,溶剂划分极性部分,层析(柱层析、制备薄层层析),重结晶等分离,根据IR,MS,NMR,熔点等光谱技术和理化常数鉴定化合物的结构.结果 现已分离得到2个化合物,分别鉴定为ent-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid(K1)、Machigline(P1).结论 Machigline为首次从该植物叶子中分离鉴定.     

中药紫株的化学成分研究

目的：研究紫株Callicarpa pedunculata R.Brown的化学成分。方法：利用各种色谱技术进行分离纯化,通过各种理化方法及光谱（IR,MS,^1HNMR,^13CNMR)分析鉴定其化学结构。结果：从紫株全草的氯仿提取物中分离得到10种化合物,分别鉴定为：4个二萜类化合物：14α－羟基－7,15－异松烷二烯－18烷酸（14α－hydroxy-7,15-isopimaradien-18-oic acid,Ⅰ）;16α,17-二羟基－3－氧－扁枝杉烷（16α,17-dihydroxy-3-oxo-phyllocladane,Ⅱ）;8,11,13,15-四烯松香烷－18－烷酸（8,11,13,15-abietatraen-18-oic acid,Ⅲ）;6α-羟基尼刀瑞尔醇（6α-hydroxy nidorellol,Ⅳ）;2个黄酮类化合物5－羟基－3,4‘,7-三甲氧基黄酮（5－hydroxy-3,4‘,7-trimethoxyflavone,Ⅴ）;3,5-二甲基莰非醇（3,5－dimethylkaempherol,Ⅵ）;其余的分别为：熊果酸（ursolic acid,Ⅶ）,肌醇（myoinositol, Ⅷ）,β-谷甾醇（β-sitosterol,Ⅸ）,β-香树素（β－amyrin, Ⅹ）。结论：化合物Ⅰ-Ⅵ为首次从该种植物中分离得到,且化合物Ⅰ-Ⅳ分别为4种不同类型的二萜。熊果酸的含量高达1％,本植物可作为其资源植物。     

大果大戟的二萜成分

目的研究大果大戟Euphorbia wallichii的化学成分。方法采用反复硅胶柱色谱分离纯化，通过波谱方法鉴定化合物结构。结果从大果大戟根部的乙醇提取物中分离得到9个二萜化合物，其中jolkinol B(Ⅰ)是千金二萜烷型；caudicifolin(Ⅱ)，helioscopinolides A(Ⅲ)，C(Ⅳ)和E(Ⅴ)是松香烷型；ent-atisane-3β，16α，17-triol(Ⅵ)，ent-16α，17-dihydroxyatisan-3-one(Ⅶ)，ent-3β，(13S)-dihydroxyatis-16-en-14-one(Ⅶ)和ent-2-hydroxyatis-1，16(17)-dien-3，14-dione(IX)属于对映-阿替斯烷型。结论这些成分均为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

文摘

080 库页云杉茎皮中具促抗癌活性的二萜化合物[英]/Kinouchi Y…//J Nat Prod.-2000,63(6).-817～820作者从库页云杉 Picea glehni(Fr.Schm.)茎皮中分离出10种二萜化合物,其中有一新的半日花烷型二萜化合物19(4→3)abeo-8α,13(S)-epoxylabda-4(18),14-di-ene(1)及2个新的松香烷型二萜19-nor-abi-eta-4(18),8,11,13-tetraen-7-one(2)和12-羟基脱氢松香酸(3);7种已知二萜化合物为13-表泪柏醚(4)、脱氢松香酸(5)、(11E)-14,15-bisnor-8α-hydroxy-11-labden-13-one(6)、abieta-8,11,13-trien-7-one(7)、9a,13α-epi-dioxyabiet-8(14)-en-18-oic acid(8)、9,10α-epoxy-9,10-seco-abieta一8,11,13-trien-18-oic     

细柱五加茎中的一个新的贝壳杉烷型二萜苷

目的 研究细柱五加Acanthopanax gracilistylus茎的化学成分。方法 应用色谱方法分离纯化，通过波谱技术结合理化性质的方法鉴定化合物结构。结果 从正丁醇部位分离并鉴定了1个新的贝壳杉烷型二萜苷，命名为贝壳杉烷酸苷A(16α,17-dihydroxy-ent-kauran-19-oic 19-［β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl］ ester)(1)。结论 化合物1为新化合物。     

三裂蟛蜞菊化学成分的研究

目的 研究三裂蟛蜞菊〖WTBX〗的化学成分。方法 利用硅胶柱色谱技术分离成分,根据理化性质和光谱分析鉴定结构。结果 从三裂蟛蜞菊地上部分分离得到11个化合物,分别鉴定为大花蟛蜞菊烯酸(grandiflorenic acid,4αkaur9(11),16dien9oic acid)、1α-acetoxy-6α,9β-dihydroxy-4,10α-dimethyl-5αH,7αH,8αH-endesm3-en-8,12-olide 、1β-乙酰氧基-4α-羟基-6β-异丁酰氧基-9α-异戊酰氧基卤地菊内酯(1β-acetoxy-4α-hydroxy-6β-isobutyryloxy-9α-isovaleryloxyprostatolide)、16α-羟基对映贝壳杉烷-19-羧酸(16-hydroxyent-kauran-19-oic acid)、(3R,4R,6S)-3,4-二羟基薄荷烯［(3R,4R,6S)-3,4-dihydroxy-1-menthene,5、6-异丁酰基三裂蟛蜞菊内酯(trilobolide-6-O-isobutyrate)、1β-acetoxy-4α,9α-dihydroxy-6β-isobutyroxyprostatolide )、16β,17-二羟基对映贝壳杉烷-19-羧酸(16β,17-dihydroxy-ent-kauran-19-oic acid)、胡萝卜苷(daucosterol,)、原儿茶醛(protocatechualdehyde,)、咖啡酸(caffeic acid)。结论 除化合物〖STHZ〗6,7〖STBZ〗外,其他9个化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到,其中化合物2和3均为新的倍半萜内酯类化合物,分别命名为三裂蟛蜞菊内酯A(trilobolide A)和1β-乙酰氧基-4α-羟基-6β-异丁酰氧基-9α异戊酰氧基卤地菊内酯。关键词： 三裂蟛蜞菊;三裂蟛蜞菊内酯A;1β-乙酰氧基-4α-羟基-6β-异丁酰氧基-9α-异戊酰氧基卤地菊内酯     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.