共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Bacteria and cancer--antagonisms and benefits 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
H C Nauts 《Cancer surveys》1989,8(4):713-723
There is considerable historical and recent evidence concerning the antagonisms between acute bacterial infections or their toxins and cancer and allied diseases. These data provide renewed incentives to undertake clinical programmes with mixed bacterial vaccines in many countries at the present time. 相似文献
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The literature suggests that religiosity helps cope with illness. The present study examined the role of religiosity in functioning among African Americans and Whites with a cancer diagnosis. Patients were recruited from an existing study and mailed a religiosity survey. Participants (N = 269; 36% African American, 56% women) completed the mail survey, and interview data from the larger cohort was utilized in the analysis. Multivariate analyses indicated that in the overall sample religious behaviors were marginally and positively associated with mental health and negatively with depressive symptoms. Among women, religious behaviors were positively associated with mental health and negatively with depressive symptoms. Religiosity was not a predictor of study outcomes for men. Among African Americans, religious behaviors were positively associated with mental health and vitality. Among Whites, religious behaviors were negatively associated with depressive symptoms. These findings suggest a mixed role of religious involvement in cancer outcomes. The current findings may have applied potential in the areas of emotional functioning and depression. 相似文献
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J E Moulder J S Holcenberg B A Kamen M Cheng B L Fish 《International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics》1986,12(8):1415-1418
We used a rat model to study the effects of renal irradiation on the pharmacology of methotrexate (MTX) and cisplatinum (cis-Pt). Unanesthetized rats were given bilateral kidney irradiation (20 Gy in 9 fractions). At 9 months after irradiation, 3% of the animals had died and survivors showed moderately impaired renal function. At 15 months, 30% of the animals had died and survivors showed severely impaired renal function. Some animals were given i.v. MTX 1 week to 15 months after irradiation. In irradiated rats, the area under the MTX plasma clearance curve equaled that of controls through 6 months, and was significantly above controls from 9 months on. Other animals were given i.p. cis-Pt 1 week to 9 months after irradiation. The acute toxicity of cis-Pt was the same in control and irradiated rats when cis-Pt was given immediately before or after irradiation. Beginning 3 months after irradiation there was a progressive increase in cis-Pt toxicity and a simultaneous decrease in urinary platinum excretion. Irradiated animals that survived cis-Pt treatment showed increased radiation nephritis; the greatest effect occurred when cis-Pt was given 3 months or more after irradiation. MTX and cis-Pt clearance decreased when renal dysfunction was first observed and changes in renal function preceded changes in drug clearance and toxicity. 相似文献
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目的:探讨VEGF和KDR在大肠腺瘤和大肠腺癌中的表达及临床病理特征的关系。方法:大肠腺瘤和大肠腺癌组织标本各100例,采用免疫组织化学染色法检测VEGF和KDR在标本中的表达情况。结果:VEGF和KDR在大肠腺癌组中的阳性表达明显高于大肠腺瘤组(P〈0.05);在正常大肠黏膜均未见VEGF和KDR表达的阳性染色;VEGF阳性表达组中KDR的阳性表达率为70%,显著高于VEGF阴性表达组中KDR的阳性表达率16%,两组比较有统计学意义(P〈0.01)。结论:大肠腺癌组织中KDR的表达与肿瘤大小、转移情况、浸润深度密切相关;VEGF和KDR在大肠腺瘤中的表达与患者的年龄、性别及分型均无相关性,而与增生程度相关(P〈0.05)。在大肠腺癌患者中VEGF及KDR表达更高,二者具有协同效应。 相似文献
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Genetic polymorphisms of alcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenases and risk for esophageal and head and neck cancers 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
Alcoholic beverages are causally related to cancer of the oral cavity, pharynx, larynx and esophagus. Ethanol is oxidized to acetaldehyde and then to acetate by alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), both of which have genetic polymorphisms. A review of case-control studies of the effects of ALDH2, ADH2 and ADH3 genotypes shows consistently positive associations between inactive heterozygous ALDH2 and the less-active ADH2 genotypes and the risk for esophageal cancer in East Asian heavy drinkers and this enzyme-related vulnerability may extend to light-to-moderate drinkers. Some studies suggest similar associations with the risk for head and neck cancer in moderate-to-heavy-drinking Japanese. An established carcinogen in experimental animals, acetaldehyde can interact with human DNA. ALDH2-associated cancer susceptibility fits into a scenario in which acetaldehyde plays a critical role in the development of human cancer. Alcohol flushing and drinking behavior may partly explain this carcinogenic effect in carriers of less-active ADH2 genotypes. Whether the ADH3 genotype influences head and neck cancer risk in Western nations is controversial. Professional and public education about risky conditions connected to the ALDH2 and ADH2 genotypes and environmental factors is important in a new strategic approach to the prevention of alcohol-related cancers in East Asians. The use of simple tests to identify inactive ALDH2 on the basis of alcohol flushing responses could benefit many people, by helping them to identify their own cancer risks. Such testing could also help clinicians diagnose esophageal cancer earlier, through the use of endoscopic screening in the high-risk population. 相似文献
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Cheryl L. Holt PhD Robert A. Oster PhD Kimberly S. Clay PhD Julie Urmie PhD Mona Fouad MD MPH 《Journal of psychosocial oncology》2013,31(4):372-393
The literature suggests that religiosity helps cope with illness. The present study examined the role of religiosity in functioning among African Americans and Whites with a cancer diagnosis. Patients were recruited from an existing study and mailed a religiosity survey. Participants (N = 269; 36% African American, 56% women) completed the mail survey, and interview data from the larger cohort was utilized in the analysis. Multivariate analyses indicated that in the overall sample religious behaviors were marginally and positively associated with mental health and negatively with depressive symptoms. Among women, religious behaviors were positively associated with mental health and negatively with depressive symptoms. Religiosity was not a predictor of study outcomes for men. Among African Americans, religious behaviors were positively associated with mental health and vitality. Among Whites, religious behaviors were negatively associated with depressive symptoms. These findings suggest a mixed role of religious involvement in cancer outcomes. The current findings may have applied potential in the areas of emotional functioning and depression. 相似文献
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Metalloproteinases and cancer invasion and metastasis 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
G Murphy J J Reynolds R M Hembry 《International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer》1989,44(4):757-760
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Morphine is an analgesic widely used to alleviate cancer pain. In addition, the perioperative management of pain in cancer
surgery patients most often includes opioids. However, there are reports that these drugs may alter cancer recurrence or metastasis.
Several mechanisms have been proposed, such as the modulation of the immune response or cellular pathways that control the
survival and migratory behavior of cancer cells. The published literature, however, presents some discrepancies, with reports
suggesting that opioids may either promote or prevent the spread of cancer. It is of great importance to determine whether
opioids, in particular the most widely used, morphine, may increase the risk of metastasis when used in cancer surgery. This
review examines the available data on the effects of morphine which influence cancer metastasis or recurrence, including immunomodulation,
tumor cell aggressiveness, and angiogenesis, with special emphasis on recently published clinical and laboratory based studies.
We further discuss the parameters that may explain the difference between reports on the effects of morphine on cancer. 相似文献
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Key TJ 《British journal of cancer》2011,104(1):6-11
The possibility that fruit and vegetables may help to reduce the risk of cancer has been studied for over 30 years, but no protective effects have been firmly established. For cancers of the upper gastrointestinal tract, epidemiological studies have generally observed that people with a relatively high intake of fruit and vegetables have a moderately reduced risk, but these observations must be interpreted cautiously because of potential confounding by smoking and alcohol. For lung cancer, recent large prospective analyses with detailed adjustment for smoking have not shown a convincing association between fruit and vegetable intake and reduced risk. For other common cancers, including colorectal, breast and prostate cancer, epidemiological studies suggest little or no association between total fruit and vegetable consumption and risk. It is still possible that there are benefits to be identified: there could be benefits in populations with low average intakes of fruit and vegetables, such that those eating moderate amounts have a lower cancer risk than those eating very low amounts, and there could also be effects of particular nutrients in certain fruits and vegetables, as fruit and vegetables have very varied composition. Nutritional principles indicate that healthy diets should include at least moderate amounts of fruit and vegetables, but the available data suggest that general increases in fruit and vegetable intake would not have much effect on cancer rates, at least in well-nourished populations. Current advice in relation to diet and cancer should include the recommendation to consume adequate amounts of fruit and vegetables, but should put most emphasis on the well-established adverse effects of obesity and high alcohol intakes. 相似文献
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New and emerging radiosensitizers and radioprotectors 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
The combination of chemotherapy and radiation has led to clinical breakthroughs in several disease sites, and current work continues to define optimum combinations of proven chemotherapy as well as more recently available, noncytotoxic agents. Administration of systemic therapies allows modulation of radiation response to improve tumor control (radiosensitization) or to prevent normal tissue toxicity (radioprotection). Substantial progress has been made in identifying the targets of standard chemotherapeutic radiation sensitizers and protectors as well as in the introduction of a new generation of molecularly targeted therapies in combination with radiation. We have reviewed the most recent, predominantly early phase clinical trials combining systemic agents with radiation. Although the proof of an improved schedule ultimately needs to come from well-run Phase III trials, the search among schedules could be shortened by the use of surrogate endpoints such as presence of active drug metabolites in the tumor. This has been accomplished only in a few cases and needs to become a more standard part of radiation sensitizer and protector trials. 相似文献
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Snyderman CH 《Current oncology reports》2003,5(2):158-163
The role of nutrition in patients with head and neck cancer, specifically squamous cell carcinoma, is underappreciated. The
composition of the diet can contribute to carcinogenesis, and specific nutrients may offer some protection in the presence
of known carcinogens (ie, tobacco). Patients with head and neck cancer are frequently malnourished, which may have prognostic implications for the
morbidity and outcome of therapies. Although the benefits of preoperative nutritional supplementation have been demonstrated
only in severely malnourished patients, the use of immuneenhancing formulas may prove to be beneficial. Special consideration
should be given to the nutritional needs and possible interactions of diet and therapy in patients receiving radiation and
chemotherapy. Physicians should be cognizant of the widespread use of alternative diets and nutritional supplements that can
be harmful and may interact with standard treatments. New knowledge regarding the role of nutrition in cancer offers hope
for the nutritional chemoprevention of head and neck cancers. 相似文献
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PTEN基因与肿瘤浸润转移 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
PTEN是最近克隆的肿瘤抑制基因,能多途径调控肿瘤浸润转移过程,抑制肿瘤浸润和转移.PTEN能稳定和增强肿瘤细胞间粘附,抑制肿瘤细胞迁移扩散和非锚定依赖性生长,以及诱导失巢凋亡,并可抑制细胞外基质降解和肿瘤血管生成等,从而抑制肿瘤浸润和转移. 相似文献
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Salivary and serum proteomics in head and neck carcinomas: before and after surgery and radiotherapy
Vidotto A Henrique T Raposo LS Maniglia JV Tajara EH 《Cancer biomarkers : section A of Disease markers》2010,8(2):95-107
Several body fluids have been evaluated as new sources for cancer biomarker discovery. In this context, salivary and serum proteomics seem promising diagnostic and predictive tools for head and neck diseases. In the present study, we performed a proteomic analysis of saliva and serum from patients presenting head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and compared the results before and after therapy. In saliva of cancer patients, we observed an altered protein profile, including over-expression of PLUNC and zinc-alpha-2-glycoprotein. Both proteins may contribute to control tumor growth and, therefore, represent targets for new analysis. We also detected serotransferrin and a modified transthyretin form with altered levels in serum from patients. Comparing preoperative and postreatment samples, the results showed that the protein profile after treatment reverted to a pattern closer to those observed for controls. These results add information on the role of secreted proteins in the cancer process and emphasize the potential of saliva and serum analysis for diagnosis and monitoring of HNSCC. 相似文献
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Proliferation and apoptosis in acute and chronic leukemias and myelodysplastic syndrome 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Lin CW Manshouri T Jilani I Neuberg D Patel K Kantarjian H Andreeff M Estrov Z Beran M Keating M Estey E Albitar M 《Leukemia research》2002,26(6):551-559
Clonal expansion of leukemic cells is thought to be due to proliferation in excess of apoptosis. To define and compare proliferation and apoptosis between various leukemias and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), we measured proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation as surrogate markers for proliferation and caspase 3 activity and annexin V surface binding as surrogate markers for activation of the apoptotic cascade in patients with MDS, chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML), acute myeloid leukemia (AML), acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), and chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). We found high proliferation in bone marrow cells from MDS and CMML as measured by PCNA and BrdU incorporation. The lowest level of proliferation was found in CLL. Apoptosis was also highest in MDS and CMML as measured by annexin V and caspase 3 activity. Unexpectedly, we found no significant difference in proliferation in bone marrow CD34+ cells from various leukemias or MDS. Apoptosis was significantly higher in bone marrow CD34+ cells from MDS and CML in chronic phase as compared to CD34+ cells from AML patients. Our results illustrate differences in proliferation and apoptosis between acute and chronic leukemias and MDS. These differences may have diagnostic and therapeutic implications. 相似文献