下咽癌中maspin表达与血管和淋巴管生成的相关性

目的 观察下咽癌中maspin蛋白的表达,探讨maspin在下咽癌发生发展中的作用及其作为预后指标的意义,并探讨maspin与血管和淋巴管生成的关系.方法 应用免疫组化法(SP法)对53例下咽癌组织进行maspin 染色,分析maspin表达与下咽癌的组织学类型、临床分期、淋巴结转移和预后等病理特征的关系.分别用CD105和LYVE-1标记新生血管和新生淋巴管,分析maspin表达与微血管密度(MVD)和微淋巴管密度(LVD)的关系.结果 maspin在下咽癌中的阳性率为47.2%(25/53),在不同分化程度和有无淋巴结转移的下咽癌中表达差异有统计学意义(P均＜0.05).maspin表达阳性者中位生存时间(67个月)与表达阴性者(36个月)差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).在maspin阳性表达的25例下咽癌中,MVD均值为6.56±2.22,LVD均值为10.76±3.37;maspin阴性表达的28例中,MVD均值为8.14±2.46,LVD均值为15.04±4.57.t检验显示,maspin在下咽癌中的表达与MVD和LVD呈负相关,差异有统计学意义(P均＜0.05).结论 maspin表达降低与下咽癌病理分化程度低、淋巴结转移有关.maspin可能对下咽癌中的血管及淋巴管生成起抑制作用.     

前列腺癌中血管生成素-2及其受体Tie2的表达及与血管生成的关系

目的:探讨血管生成素-2(Ang-2)及其受体Tie2在前列腺癌组织中的表达规律及其在肿瘤组织发生、发展以及血管生成中的作用.方法:采用免疫组织化学S-P染色法检测39例前列腺癌组织中Ang-2,Tie2及CD34的蛋白表达,根据CDM染色结果计数微血管密度(MVD).结果:Ang-2,Tie2的蛋白表达定位于肿瘤细胞或血管内皮细胞质及胞膜,呈异质性分布;在39例前列腺癌中Ang-2和Tie2阳性表达率均为74%;且均与前列腺癌的分化程度、淋巴结转移密切的关系(P<0.05);Ang-2,Tie2蛋白阳性表达者的MVD分别为(42.1±5.2)和(42.3±5.1),显著高于相应的前列腺癌组织Ang-2和Tie2阴性病例[MVD分别为(33.7±3.3)和(33.2±2.3)](P<0.01).结论:Ang-2,Tie2在前列腺癌发生、演进过程中起着重要作用,并与肿瘤血管生成关系密切.     

血管生成素-2及其受体Tie2在食管鳞癌中的表达及与血管生成关系的研究

目的 探讨血管生成素-2(angiopoietin-2)及其受体Tie2在食管鳞癌组织中的表达规律及其在肿瘤组织发生、发展以及血管生成中的作用.方法 采用免疫组织化学S-P染色法检测39例食管鳞癌组织中Ang-2、Tie2及CD34的蛋白表达,根据CD34染色结果计数微血管密度(microvessel density,MVD).结果 Ang-2及其受体Tie2的蛋白表达定位于肿瘤细胞或血管内皮细胞质及胞膜,呈异质性分布;39例食管癌中Ang-2和Tie2阳性表达率均为74.36%;且均与食管癌的分化程度、淋巴结转移密切的关系(P＜0.05);Ang-2及Tie2蛋白阳性表达者的MVD分别为(42.14±5.19)和(42.31±5.06),显著高于相应的食管癌组织Ang-2和Tie2阴性病例(MVD分别为33.7±3.34和33.2±2.35)(P＜0.01).结论 Ang-2/Tie2在食管鳞癌发生、演进过程中起着重要作用,并与肿瘤血管生成关系密切.     

结肠癌组织中乙酰肝素酶2蛋白的表达

目的:探讨乙酰肝素酶2(Hpa2)蛋白的表达与结肠癌浸润、转移的关系.方法:采用免疫组织化学染色法检测96例结肠癌组织中Hpa2蛋白的表达和微血管密度(MVD).以其中85例癌旁组织和3例正常结肠组织作对照.结果:正常结肠组织中Hpa2蛋白不表达,癌组织中Hpa2蛋白阳性率为82.23%(79/96),高于癌旁组织中的12.94%(11/85)(P＜0.05).癌组织MVD(15.89±4.65)和癌旁组织的MVD(14.09±4.39)差异亦有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结肠癌组织中Hpa2蛋白的表达和MVD与患者的年龄、性别、肿瘤直径、发生部位无关(P＞0.05),但与肿瘤的Duke's分期、淋巴结转移、肝转移有关(P＜0.05).Hpa2蛋白阳性的癌组织MVD为(16.37±4.76),高于Hpa2蛋白表达阴性的癌组织(13.65±3.40)(P＜0.05).结论:Hpa2蛋白可以作为判断结肠癌浸润、转移的指标.     

大肠癌中MMP-7和MVD的表达及其与肿瘤转移的相关性

目的:探讨基质溶解素(MMP-7),微血管密度(MVD)与大肠癌临床病理的关系及其在肿瘤浸润转移中的作用.方法:应用免疫组织化学(SP)方法检测大肠癌组织55例、正常大肠黏膜组织(对照组)20例中MMP-7和MVD的表达情况.结果:大肠癌及对照组MMP-7的表达分别为67.3%和30.0%(P＜0.05). MVD在大肠癌及对照组的表达分别为41.32±6.39, 24.17±6.23(P＜0.05). 临床Dukes分期中,A,B期组MMP-7阳性表达率为65.85%,C, D期组为92.86%(P＜0.05);同时,A,B期组MVD阳性表达为35.22±7.37,C, D期组为43.67±4.34(P＜0.05). MMP-7阳性大肠癌组织MVD显著高于MMP-7阴性大肠癌MVD(P＜0.05).结论:大肠癌MMP-7, MVD均呈高表达,二者具有相互促进作用即MMP-7能促进结肠癌血管生成从而使血行转移速度加快;MMP-7, MVD将有可能成为临床新指标检测结肠癌高危人群.     

缺氧诱导因子-1α及碱性成纤维细胞生长因子在人乳腺癌组织中的表达及其与血管生成的关系

目的:探讨缺氧诱导因子-1α(HIF-1α)和碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(bFGF)在人乳腺癌组织中的表达,以及两者与乳腺癌血管生成的关系及作用机制。方法:用免疫组化检测67例乳腺癌及39例乳腺纤维腺瘤组织中HIF-1α和bFGF的表达;用CD105标记血管内皮细胞并计数肿瘤微血管密度(MVD)。结果:HIF-1α及bFGF在乳腺癌组织中的表达阳性率分别为80.6%(54/67)、73.1%(49/67),与乳腺纤维腺瘤组织中的表达阳性率[0.0%(0/39)、35.9%(14/39)]比有统计学意义(P<0.001);乳腺癌组织中HIF-1α与bFGF的表达呈正相关(rs=0.314,P<0.01);乳腺癌淋巴结转移阳性组中HIF-1α及bFGF的表达与阴性组比无统计学意义;HIF-1α及bFGF阳性肿瘤组织中的MVD均值显著高于阴性组织,且MVD随着HIF-1α及bFGF表达的增强而增加;淋巴结转移阳性组中MVD高于阴性组(P<0.05)。结论:HIF-1α和bFGF在人乳腺癌组织中均高表达,且两者具有明显的相关性;HIF-1α与bFGF间可能通过相互作用共同调节乳腺癌血管生成。     

慢性高原病患者骨髓组织Survivin 及VEGF表达水平和MVD变化

目的 了解Survivin及VEGF在慢性高原病(CMS)骨髓组织中的表达和MVD的变化,探讨细胞凋亡与血管新生在CMS发生、发展中的作用.方法 应用免疫组织化学SP法检测20例CMS患者(CMS组)及15例长期居住西宁地区健康人(对照组)骨髓组织中Survivin及VEGF的表达情况和MVD的变化(用CD34单抗标记的血管计数法)并进行比较分析.结果 CMS组Survivin及VEGF阳性表达率分别为70%、75%,均显著高于对照组(分别为26.67%及33.33%,P值均＜0.05);CMS组MVD为31.93±6.13,也明显高于对照组(24.94±6.18),P＜0.01.CMS组Survivin阳性表达率、VEGF阳性表达率、MVD及Hb相互间均呈显著正相关(均为P＜0.01).结论 CMS骨髓组织中Survivin和VEGF表达升高, MVD增加,提示Survivin可能通过抑制细胞凋亡,与VEGF协同促进血管生成和红细胞增殖,参与CMS的发生发展.     

肝素酶、bFGF在卵巢癌中的表达及与其血管生成的关系

目的 探讨肝素酶(heparanase,Hpa)、碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(basic fibroblast growth factor,bFGF)在卵巢癌组织中的表达及与卵巢癌血管生成的关系.方法 采用免疫组化S-P法榆测41例卵巢癌组织中Hpa、bFGF蛋白的表达同时对其微血管CD34进行染色,计数卵巢癌中的微血管MVD(microvessel density).结果 ①Hpa蛋白在卵巢癌组织中表达率增高并与卵巢癌中的微血管MVD及bFGF蛋白的表达成正相关(r=0.351,P<0.05;r=0.420,P<0.05);②卵巢癌组织中bFGF阳性表达组MVD值高于bFGF阴性表达组;③卵巢癌组织中Hpa、bFGF均表达阳性组的MVD值高于其他组.④Hpa、bFGF及MVD的表达与卵巢癌的FIGO(2000)分期、分化程度有关.结论 Hpa住卵巢癌组织中表达增高,并且与bFGF的表达及卵巢癌的血管生成止相关,Hpa可能通过释放和激活bFGF来促进血管生成,进而促进卵巢癌细胞的生长、浸润和转移过程.     

胃癌组织中VEGF和Ang-2表达及微血管密度研究

目的 探讨胃癌组织中血管生成素-2(Ang-2)和血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)表达以及CD34.标记的微血管密度(MVD)及其临床意义.方法 选择胃癌和癌旁组织标本各41例,免疫组化法检测组织中VEGF、Ang.2和CD34表达;CD34.染色热点处计算MVD.分析VEGF和Ang-2表达、MVD、肿瘤临床病理因素之间的相关性;并就41例胃癌患者的预后及其相关因素进行多重回归分析.结果 胃癌和癌旁组织中MVD分别为51.91±15.38和30.76±10.67,两者比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);VEGF阳性表达标本(71%)MVD为51.93±16.36.阴性表达标本MVD为31.52±5.18(P=0.0014);Ang-2阳性表达标本(63%)MVD为51.83±5.23,阴性表达标本MVD为32.20±4.77(P<0.01).相关分析显示,VEGF、Ang-2、MVD与癌肿大小、浸润深度、临床分期和淋巴转移显著相关.多重回归分析表明.浸润深度是胃癌重要预后因素(P<0.001).结论 胃癌组织中VEGF、Ang-2的表达与新生血管生成密切相关.通过VEGF和Ang-2高表达而诱导的高MVD对判断胃癌预后有重要意义.     

胃癌组织中VEGF和Ang-2表达及微血管密度研究

目的 探讨胃癌组织中血管生成素-2(Ang-2)和血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)表达以及CD34.标记的微血管密度(MVD)及其临床意义.方法 选择胃癌和癌旁组织标本各41例,免疫组化法检测组织中VEGF、Ang.2和CD34表达;CD34.染色热点处计算MVD.分析VEGF和Ang-2表达、MVD、肿瘤临床病理因素之间的相关性;并就41例胃癌患者的预后及其相关因素进行多重回归分析.结果 胃癌和癌旁组织中MVD分别为51.91±15.38和30.76±10.67,两者比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);VEGF阳性表达标本(71%)MVD为51.93±16.36.阴性表达标本MVD为31.52±5.18(P=0.0014);Ang-2阳性表达标本(63%)MVD为51.83±5.23,阴性表达标本MVD为32.20±4.77(P<0.01).相关分析显示,VEGF、Ang-2、MVD与癌肿大小、浸润深度、临床分期和淋巴转移显著相关.多重回归分析表明.浸润深度是胃癌重要预后因素(P<0.001).结论 胃癌组织中VEGF、Ang-2的表达与新生血管生成密切相关.通过VEGF和Ang-2高表达而诱导的高MVD对判断胃癌预后有重要意义.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.