不同湿度及酸蚀对2种通用型粘接剂粘接强度的影响

目的 研究牙本质表面不同湿润度及酸蚀对2种通用型粘接剂——Single Bond Universal(SBU)、Prime Bond Universal(PBU)粘接强度的影响。方法 选取60颗人新鲜无龋磨牙,随机均分为6组,制备出一个矩形的平坦、光滑的牙本质粘接面,每个粘接面被均分为两部分,一侧进行酸蚀处理,另一侧不进行酸蚀处理,利用蒸馏水移液器制备出干燥、湿润和过湿的牙本质表面,分别用SBU和PBU进行粘接。树脂固化后垂直于牙本质表面切割出1 mm×1 mm的柱形小棒,在万能测试仪上测试其微剪切粘接强度;采用体视显微镜观察界面断裂模式,并在扫描电子显微镜下观察各组树脂-牙本质粘接界面形态。每两组间采用独立样本t检验进行统计学分析(P<0.05)。结果 (1)酸蚀模式、粘接剂、湿润度三种因素均有统计学意义。(2)在酸蚀组,无论是SBU还是PBU,3种湿度牙本质表面的粘接强度差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);在未酸蚀组,SBU在干燥牙本质表面的粘接强度明显低于在湿润和过湿牙本质表面的粘接强度,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),PBU在未酸蚀的3种不同湿度牙本质表面的粘...     

丙酮基和酒精-水基牙本质粘接系统粘接强度比较及粘接界面观察

目的:比较丙酮基和酒精-水基两种不同溶剂类型的全酸蚀牙本质粘接系统粘接强度和粘接界面的微观形态。方法:选择24颗正畸治疗拔除的健康前磨牙,去除合面釉质层,随机分两组,每组选用一种 “两步法”全酸蚀牙本质粘接系统:以丙酮为溶剂的Prime & Bond NT(PB组)和以酒精和水为溶剂的Single Bond 2(SB2)组,粘接后进行微拉伸力检测。以扫描电镜(SEM)和激光共聚焦扫描电镜(LCSM)观察两种牙本质粘接系统的粘接界面。结果:粘接强度PB组(29.49±4.01) MPa,SB2组微拉伸粘接强度为,SB2组为(30.03±4.33) MPa,无统计学差异。两种牙本质粘接系统均可充分渗入脱矿牙本质表层的胶原纤维网和牙本质小管内,形成混合层和树脂突,SB组混合层薄而均匀,树脂突长。结论:不同溶剂类型的两组牙本质粘接系统微拉伸粘接强度无差异,全酸蚀牙本质粘接系统在湿粘接状态下可以对牙本质形成良好的渗透。     

表面状态对酒精-水基粘接剂粘接界面影响的研究

目的研究以酒精-水为溶剂的牙本质湿粘接荆在干燥或湿润的牙本质表面进行粘结时，各自形成的粘接界面的特点。方法选用两种以酒精一水为溶荆的牙本质湿粘接系统，将Chrisma树脂粘接在干燥或湿润的人牙本质表面，通过透射电镜的观察，分析不同表面状态时酒精基粘结剂形成的粘接界面的特点。结果两种粘接剂都可以充分渗透到牙本质表面和牙本质小管周围脱矿形成的胶原纤维网中，形成树脂突和混合层。干燥粘结或湿粘接时的透射电镜图像没有明显差别。湿粘接时可以在粘接界面中观察到过度湿润的现象，湿粘接时则很少发现。结论以酒精和水为溶刺的粘接系统在干燥或湿润的牙本质表面粘结时都可以形成较为充分的渗透，其中的水分对脱矿干燥的牙本质胶原纤维网具有再湿润作用     

牙本质表面状态对酒精-水基粘接剂强度和界面影响的微拉伸及LSCM研究

目的 :研究干燥或湿润的牙本质表面状态对酒精 -水基粘接剂粘接强度和粘接界面微观结构的影响 ,并探讨粘接强度和粘接界面微观结构之间的内在联系。方法 :选用两种含有酒精和水的湿粘接系统OptiBondSolo和SingleBond ,将Chrisma树脂分别粘结在干燥或湿润的人牙本质表面 ,测试各组试件的微拉伸强度 ,并在激光扫描共聚焦显微镜下观察和比较各组试件粘接界面超微结构的异同。结果 :湿粘接时粘接剂对牙本质表面的渗透较为充分 ,混合层均匀 ,厚度约为 5 μm ,并可观察到牙本质小管和侧支小管中均有明显的树脂突形成 ;干燥粘结时形成的界面形态与湿粘接时没有明显区别。干燥粘接时 ,两种粘接系统的微拉伸强度均有显著降低 ,下降幅度最高为 2 3 % ,微拉伸破坏的方式主要是粘接界面的破坏。结论 :含有酒精和水的粘接系统在干燥或湿润粘接时粘接界面的超微结构变化不明显 ,其中的水分对干燥的牙本质表面有再湿润效果 ;干燥粘结时微拉伸强度则有明显的降低 ;微拉伸强度的测试可以更客观的反映粘接强度的大小。     

表面状态对乙醇-水基黏接剂强度和界面的影响

目的　研究干燥或湿润的牙本质表面状态对乙醇 -水基黏接剂黏接强度与黏接界面微观结构的影响 ,探讨黏接强度与黏接界面微观结构之间的内在联系。方法　选用两种含有乙醇和水的湿黏接系统OptiBondSolo和SingleBond ,将Chrisma树脂分别黏结在干燥或湿润的人牙本质表面 ,测试各组试件的微拉伸强度 ,并在扫描电镜下观察和比较各组试件黏接界面超微结构的异同。结果　湿黏接时黏接剂对牙本质表面的渗透较为充分 ,混合层均匀 ,厚度为 4～ 5 μm ,并可观察到牙本质小管和侧支小管中均有明显的树脂突形成 ;干燥黏结时形成的界面形态与湿黏接时没有明显区别。干燥黏接时 ,两种黏接系统的微拉伸强度均降低 ,下降幅度最高为 2 3% ,微拉伸破坏的方式主要是黏接界面的破坏。结论　微拉伸强度测试可客观反映黏接强度的大小     

牙本质粘接剂粘接强度与界面形态的研究

目的:采用一种新的界面处理方法,对不同类型牙本质粘接剂的粘接强度与界面形态进行研究.方法:选取人无龋磨牙,暴露咬合面牙本质,分别使用3 种粘接剂(Single Bond,SB;Clearfil SE Bond,SE;Clearfil S3 Bond,S3)制备粘接样本.粘接样本切割成粘接界面约为0.9 mm×0.9 mm的柱形小条,用微拉伸测力仪测试粘接强度(n=15).另外将粘接样本依次用6 mol/L盐酸、5%次氯酸钠和0.08 mg/ml透明质酸酶溶液处理,扫描电镜观察粘接界面形态.结果: 3 种粘接剂的牙本质粘接强度分别为:SB (35.50±6.40) MPa,SE (45.06±5.29) MPa,S3 (30.46±3.82) MPa,三者之间差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).SB粘接界面的树脂突长约9～12 μm,部分样本出现混合层易与粘接剂层分离.SE形成的树脂突长约9～14 μm,无混合层与粘接剂层分离现象.使用S3后,树脂突稀疏,长约4～7 μm,混合层与粘接剂层结合紧密.结论:牙本质粘接剂的粘接界面形态与粘接强度存在一定的相关性.     

3种银汞黏接剂抗微渗漏的效果研究

目的检验三种银汞黏接剂应用于粘接银汞修复时,其抗微渗漏的能力,寻找一种简单有效的黏接材料。方法选28颗新鲜前磨牙,在其近中及远中邻面制备边长分别是2 mm和4 mm的长方形,使其龈壁位于牙本质-牙骨质界,牙合壁位于牙釉质。28颗前磨牙按黏接材料的不同分为4组:空白对照组,树脂加强玻璃离子水门汀组,玻璃离子水门汀组,树脂型银汞黏接剂组。充填后,37℃水浴7 d,然后浸入亚甲蓝染色液中,37℃恒温染色48 h,统计其微渗漏结果。结果非参数统计显示实验组微渗漏小(P<0.01),树脂加强型玻璃离子组无微渗漏,与其他组有着显著差异(P<0.05),釉质侧的渗漏低于牙本质-牙骨质侧。结论粘接银汞修复是一项有效的技术,并且用树脂加强型玻璃离子作黏接剂有着更有效的防微渗漏效果,值得在临床推广应用。     

干粘结和湿粘结对钛合金嵌体微渗漏的影响

目的对比3MESPE RelyXTMARC黏接水门汀在干燥和湿润两种状态下对钛合金嵌体微渗漏的影响。方法选择20颗因阻生新拔除的完整无隐裂、无磨耗的第三磨牙,随机分成2组,制备成邻牙合嵌体洞,分别在干燥和湿润两种状态下,用3MESPE RelyXTMARC黏接水门汀粘结钛合金嵌体,用体视显微镜观测嵌体密合度和嵌体微渗漏。结果两种粘接法嵌体密合度无显著差异(P>0.05),微渗漏深度有极显著差异(P<0.001)。结论以釉质壁为主的窝洞干粘结效果显著,以牙本质壁为主的窝洞湿粘结效果好。     

粘接处理剂对自粘接树脂水门汀和RMGIC的牙本质粘接强度的影响

目的:实验评价牙本质粘接处理剂对自粘接树脂水门汀和树脂加强型玻璃离子水门汀(RMGIC)的牙本质微拉伸粘接强度的影响.方法:选用离体人无龋第三恒磨牙24颗,用低速切片机垂直于牙体长轴方向将磨牙冠(牙合)中1/3交界线处切开待用.实验组牙本质表面涂布牙本质粘接处理剂,对照组不涂粘接处理剂.后将试样分别用自粘接树脂水门汀(Unicem,3M ESPE;seT PP,SDI)或树脂加强型玻璃离子水门汀(Fuji CEM,GC)原位对位粘接.水浴中储存24h后,用低速切片机把样本切割成约1mm×1mm×8mm条状,随后进行微拉伸测试.用扫描电镜观察粘接界面形貌.结果:无论是否使用粘接处理剂,Unicem的牙本质粘接强度显著高于seT PP 和Fuji CEM(P <0.01).与对照组相比,实验组的粘接强度显著提高(P <0.05).结论:粘接处理剂表面处理增强自粘接树脂水门汀及树脂加强型玻璃离子水门汀的牙本质粘接强度.     

干燥和湿润环境下不同牙本质粘接剂的微拉伸粘接强度比较

目的 应用6种不同类型牙本质粘接剂,比较其粘接试样在干燥和湿润测试环境下的微拉伸粘接强度,并分析产生差异的原因。方法 选择人离体无龋第三磨牙24颗,暴露面牙本质,将试样随机均分为6组,分别使用6种粘接剂（Prime ＆ Bond NT、Contax、Clearfil SE Bond、Adper Prompt、Clearfil S3 Bond和i Bond）和一种复合树脂制作牙本质-复合树脂粘接体,然后纵向片切制备横截面积约0.8 mm²的微拉伸试样,每种粘接材料的拉伸试样再分成3个亚组（每个亚组n=20）：A组（试样粘接界面保持湿润）、B组（试样在空气中干燥2 h后测试）、C组（试样在空气中干燥24 h后测试）,测试微拉伸粘接强度,最后扫描电镜观察断裂模式。结果 i Bond处理的A组与B、C组粘接强度差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）,其余5种粘接剂的A组粘接强度均低于B、C组（P<0.05）。断裂模式均以界面破坏为主,与试样干湿状态无关。结论 干燥环境下所测得牙本质粘接剂的微拉伸粘接强度值高于湿润环境下所测得的强度值。     

湿度对"单瓶"牙本质粘结系统微拉伸粘结强度的影响

目的用微拉伸强度检测法评价脱矿牙本质表面的不同"湿度"状态对酒精/水基和丙酮基"单瓶"牙本质粘结系统粘结强度的影响.方法选择40颗健康前磨牙,去除牙合面釉质,随机均分为8个实验组,在过湿、用滤纸吸干、用空气干燥1 s或用空气干燥30 s的脱矿牙本质上分别应用Single Bond或Prime&Bond NT单瓶牙本质粘结系统.将牙齿片切为粘结面积约0.9 mm×0.9 mm的长方体状样本,进行微拉伸粘结强度检测,对结果进行统计学分析.结果对于同一种粘结系统,其吸干组和1 s干燥组间的微拉伸粘结强度值无统计学差异,但均显著高于过湿组和30 s干燥组.结论脱矿牙本质表面的湿度对酒精/水基和丙酮基"单瓶"牙本质粘结系统的粘结强度有极大的影响.     

Effect of residual water on dentin bond strength and hybridization of a one-bottle adhesive system

This research investigated the effects of wet and dry conditions of phosphoric acid etched dentin on resin bonding and determined the optimum moisture condition for resin bonding using an ethanol-based one-bottle adhesive system. Bovine dentin surfaces were etched with 35% phosphoric acid and rinsed with water. Under four wet and dry conditions (overwet, blot dry, one-second dry and desiccated), resin composite was bonded using Single Bond. Tensile bond strength was measured and the results analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Fisher's PLSD test at the 5% level. The resin-dentin interfaces of bonded specimens were observed with SEM. The bond strength of overwet, blot dry, one-second dry and desiccated groups were 5.2 MPa, 12.6 MPa, 11.9 MPa and 4.4 Mpa, respectively. The blot dry group and one-second dry groups revealed significantly higher bond strengths than the desiccated and overwet groups (p < 0.05). The formation of hybrid layers approximately 5 microm thick (overwet and blot dry), 2 microm (one-second dry) and 3 microm (desiccated) were observed. The coefficient of variation in the blot dry group was very high, even though a higher mean was observed. In the one-second dry group, the moisture content of the collagen network was possibly too low, such that hybrid layer formation was not as good even though the bond strength was high.     

Six-month storage-time evaluation of one-bottle adhesive systems to dentin

Purpose : The goal of this study was to evaluate the 1-week, 3-month, and 6-month performance of eight commercially available one-bottle adhesive systems to dentin.
Materials and Methods : Lingual and buccal surfaces from human third molars were ground wet on 600-grit SiC paper to obtain a flat dentinal surface. The specimens were randomly divided into 24 groups (n = 10), which were established to measure the shear bond strengths of Bond-1 (B1), ONE-STEP (OS), OptiBond SOLO (OP), Prime & Bond 2.1 (PB), Single Bond (SB), STAE (ST), Syntac Sprint (SS), and Tenure Quick (TQ) after 1-week, 3-month, and 6-month water storage at 37°C. One-bottle adhesives were applied according to manufacturers' instructions and Z100 composite cylinders were applied on the bonded dentinal surfaces. The 3-month water-storage groups were thermocycled for 1500 cycles at 5°C and 55°C and 6-month groups for 3000 cycles. After storage periods, specimens were tested in shear in a universal testing machine (0.5 mm/min). Results were statistically analyzed by analysis of variance and Tukey test.
Results : The changes in shear bond strengths were not uniform over time. Over the test period, OS, PB, SB, and SS exhibited bond strength stability, however, SS presented low bond strengths on all tested periods. A significant decrease in bond strength was observed for B1, OP, ST, and TQ after the 6-month storage period.
CLINICAL SlGNlFlCANCE
Bonding is only clinically significant if long lasting. Three one-bottle adhesive systems presented remarkable stability over the storage period and thermal cycling regimen. However, decreased bond strengths were verified for the other bonding agents.     

5种牙本质粘结系统粘结强度的比较

目的用微拉伸粘结强度检测法评价5种不同类型的牙本质粘结系统与正常牙本质的粘结强度,用体视显微镜分析其断裂类型。方法选择25颗正畸治疗拔除的健康前磨牙,去除面釉质层,随机均分为5组。选用5种牙本质粘结系统:传统三步法全酸蚀粘结系统All-Bond2组、两步法全酸蚀粘结系统Prime&BondNT组、两步法自酸蚀粘结系统Fluoro-Bond组、一步法自酸蚀粘结系统XenoⅢ组和一步法自酸蚀粘结系统iBond组,分别用于暴露的表层牙本质面上,再用蓝色复合树脂恢复牙冠至要求高度。用低速锯将牙齿片切为横截面积约0.81mm2的长方体状样本,用微拉伸测试仪检测其粘结强度,加载速度为1mm/min。用体视显微镜观察样本断端形态。用SPSS11.5对微拉伸粘结强度测试值进行统计学分析。结果5种牙本质粘结系统的微拉伸粘结强度分别为All-Bond2组(28.74±5.15)MPa,Prime&BondNT组(25.85±3.37)MPa、Fluoro-Bond组(20.60±2.96)MPa、Xeno组(22.93±3.97)MPa、iBond组(25.67±4.72)MPa。All-Bond2组的微拉伸粘结强度与Prime&BondNT组测值之间差异无显著性,高于Fluoro-Bond组、Xeno组和iBond组,后两者的测值间差异无显著性,Fluoro-Bond组和Xeno组亦无显著差异。体视显微镜观察结果显示,绝大部分样本的断裂类型都是粘结面型断裂。结论5种牙本质粘结系统与正常牙本质的粘结强度存在差异,All-Bond2的粘结强度最高,但临床操作复杂,技术要求较高;XenoⅢ、iBond使用方法较简单,对牙髓的影响可能较小。     

Effect of adhesive systems associated with resin-modified glass ionomer cements

The bonding of resin-modified glass ionomer cements to dentin remains a challenge in clinical routine. In an attempt to improve this property, different materials and techniques have been proposed. This study investigated the shear bond strength of resin-modified glass ionomer cements (Vitremer, 3M/ESPE and Fuji II LC Improved, GC) to human dentin using two one-bottle adhesive systems (Prime & Bond 2.1, Dentsply and Single Bond, 3M/ESPE). The restored specimens were stored in deionized water for 24 h at 37 +/- 1 degrees C, and then the bonded surfaces were tested in shear strength using a Universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm min(-1). Bond strength means were recorded and failure modes were assessed with a stereomicroscope at 40x magnification. Data were submitted to two-way anova and multiple comparisons were performed using a Tukey statistical test (P < 0.05). Fuji II LC Improved yielded higher bond strength (P < 0.05) than Vitremer in all experimental conditions. No statistically significant differences (P > 0.05) were observed among the proposed dentin surface treatments, although a slight decrease in bond strength was observed when phosphoric acid was used alone. Bond strengths of the resin-modified glass ionomer cements to dentin seemed to be more material-dependent than surface treatment-dependent. It may be concluded that the one-bottle adhesive systems tested in this study did not improve the bond strength of the resin-modified glass ionomer cements to dentin.     

Bond strength of a compomer to dentin under various surface conditions

This study determined the influence of different dentin pretreatments on the shear bond strength of an adhesive system and corresponding compomer material. One hundred and twenty freshly extracted human molars were ground with wet SiC paper to expose flat oral/buccal surfaces of superficial dentin. The teeth were assigned to 12 treatment groups (n=10) based on dentin surface finish (600-grit SiC vs. air abrasion vs. 40 μm diamond bur), surface conditioning (acid etching vs. no etching), and moisture content of the dentin (moist vs. dry). Cylinders of Compoglass F compomer were bonded to the dentin with Syntac Single-Component. After 24-h storage in distilled water, the specimens were debonded in shear mode. Bond strengths in MPa (SD) were calculated and bonding sites were analyzed for the mode of failure. Three-way ANOVA revealed significantly higher bond strength values for acid etched specimens (P= 0.001). Moisture content of the dentin surface (P=0.614) and mechanical surface finish (P=0.367) had no significant influence on the results. Debonding in unetched groups ranged from 94 to 100% adhesively. Acid etched groups showed adhesive failures ranging from 56 to 100%. To obtain a more reliable bond it is recommended that dentin is acid etched prior to the bonding of a compomer. Received: 24 June 1999 / Accepted: 24 August 1999     

Fatigue behaviour of different dentin adhesives

The aim of this in vitro study was to compare quasistatic and cyclic fatigue dentin bond strength of modern adhesive systems representing different generations. One hundred and fifty cavities were made in discs of freshly extracted human third molars and filled with direct resin composite restorations. Dentin adhesives of different generations (SY = Syntac Classic, multi-step system with self-etching primer; SE = Syntac Classic with additional phosphoric acid etching prior to application of the self-etching primer; SB = Scotchbond Multi-Purpose Plus, multi-step system with total etching; PE = Prime&Bond 2.1, single-step system with and without [PB] total etching) were used in combination with one hybrid composite. After 21 days of storage, 10 specimens for each adhesive system were subjected to thermocycling (1150 cycles) for 24 h and were afterwards debonded in a push-out test. Another 20 specimens were tested with cyclic fatigue according to the staircase method with 5000 cycles for each specimen. Static and cyclic push-out bond strengths, respectively, for each group were (MPa): SY 16.9±0.9 and 14.2±1.7, SE 17.5±1.8 and 14.8±3.4, SB 18.5±1.7 and 13.9±2.1, PB 14.6±2.2 and 7.2±2.4, PE 13.4±2.2 and 6.8±1.8. Both quasistatic and dynamic bond strengths revealed better values for the multi-step systems (P<0.05). All adhesive systems tested revealed a significant fatigue behaviour which was more pronounced for the one-bottle system with a decrease of about 50% independent of additional dentin etching. Received: 19 October 1998 / Accepted: 1 February 1999