城市污泥中重金属的去除方法研究进展

简述了全国范围内污泥中重金属赋存水平以及污泥施用到农田后重金属产生的危害,重点阐述了采用物理、化学、微生物方法去除污泥中重金属,并对这几种方法的去除效率、处理成本以及环境安全性进行了比较,最后展望了今后进一步研究的发展方向和工作重点。     

动电技术修复城市污泥中重金属的研究

对动电技术的基本原理(包括电渗透、电迁移、扩散作用、电泳和电解反应)作了详细地介绍,分析了影响动电技术修复污泥中重金属的主要因素,包括电解液的组成和pH值、污泥性质、元素的化学性质和存在形态、电压、电流与电极等。探讨了动电技术修复污泥中重金属的可行性,并在此基础上对动电技术应用于修复污泥重金属的前景作出展望。     

动电技术去除城市污泥中重金属的研究概况

介绍了动电技术去除重金属的基本原理和常见的几种动电技术工艺,并总结了动电技术处理城市污泥中重金属的应用研究概况。     

城市污泥中有害重金属检测与评估

城市污泥是活性污泥法处理城市生活污水和工业污水产生的固体废弃物,污水中50%～80%以上的重金属浓缩在产出的污泥中.Hg、Cd、Pb、Cr（Ⅵ）等重金属是我国第一批立法颁布的重点控制污染物,能在人体内长期积蓄并产生毒害.污泥中重金属的存在严重危害着包括人类在内的各种生命体的健康与生存,而且成为限制其资源化的主要障碍因素.本文从沈阳的污染状况出发,采用电感耦合等离子体质谱技术,对沈阳污水处理厂污泥中主要污染的重金属元素进行分析,以期为沈阳的环境质量评价和污染监控提供参考依据.     

城市污泥与垃圾中重金属土壤残留影响的研究

调查分析了太原市四个处理生活污水为主的污泥和生活垃圾中重金属的平均含量,除锌以外,铜、铬、镉、铅、铬、砷均低于国家污泥与垃圾农用控制标准。通过两年的栽和田间试验证明按常量用于农田施肥不会造成土壤污染。城市污泥与垃圾用于施肥是一种廉价的处理方式,有利于改善城市环境卫生。     

酸化污泥中重金属在电动力作用下的去除率研究

分析了长沙市某污水处理厂污泥中重金属分布.对污泥样品用HNO3进行酸化处理,酸化后pH值为3.2、1.9.分析了酸化处理后Cd、Zn、Cu在污泥中的形态分布.重点研究了酸化污泥中的Cd、Zn、Cu在电动力作用下的去除率.酸化污泥在电动力的作用下,经过5 d后,Cd、Zn的去除率明显提高,Cu的去除率提高相对较少.针对我国污泥中Zn含量较高的特点,提出在污泥厌氧消化处理时,同时用电动力处理污泥中的重金属,可大大提高重金属的去除率.     

不同钝化剂对污泥堆肥过程中重金属形态的影响研究

利用污泥和秸秆进行高温堆肥,研究粉煤灰、磷矿粉、沸石和草炭4种钝化剂对污泥堆肥中重金属（Cu、Zn、Pb、Cr）形态的影响。结果表明：堆肥过程中添加钝化剂可有效降低污泥中重金属有效态的含量,其中以粉煤灰的钝化效果最为显著。粉煤灰用于污泥堆肥不仅实现污泥的资源化,而且解决了粉煤灰的利用问题。     

城市污泥特征及其资源化利用

对污泥的特征进行概述。城市污泥是污水处理过程中产生的固体废弃物,城市污泥中既含有丰富的营养物质也含有一些有毒有害的有机无机物。城市污泥的资源化处置,将其变废为宝,使之具有良好的生态效益、环境效益、经济效益和社会效益,是城市可持续发展的必然要求和发展趋势。     

城市污泥堆肥土地修复利用研究进展

综述了城市污泥堆肥在园林绿地、农田土壤、土地修复等领域的应用现状,分析了土地利用中存在的土壤重金属积累、臭气污染、养分含量低、肥效慢等主要问题,探讨了相应的对策。     

Evaluation for Agricultural Usage with Speciation of Heavy Metals in a Municipal Sewage Sludge

This study was carried out to evaluate the agricultural usage of an anaerobically digested sludge in the contents and fractions of heavy metals. Therefore, a sequential extraction scheme according to the BCR's (Community Bureau of Reference) guidelines and total acid digestion were applied to sewage sludge samples. The results of total heavy metal concentrations in sewage sludge showed that the highest total concentrations were Fe, Zn and Mn. When Turkish, Europe and US EPA directives were compared with each other by depending on the use of sludge for agricultural purposes, all the heavy metals determined for this sludge were below the maximum permitted levels, except for Cd. This sludge should not be applied to land due to its high Cd content. The results of heavy metal fractions indicated that some metals (Cd, Mn, Pb, and Fe) distributed mainly in the residual fraction. All fractions of Zn showed no variation. Cu and Cr were most abundant in the oxidizable phase while Ni was in exchangeable phase. Although total content of Ni in the sludge is lower than the maximum levels allowed by all the directives, it tends to be easily moved and dispersed in the environment. Due to its high mobility, the examined sewage sludge may cause phyto-toxicity after its agricultural application.     

垃圾填埋场渗滤液重金属地球化学研究

综述了垃圾填埋场渗滤液重金属的研究现状,指出研究存在的问题,阐述了垃圾渗滤液重金属的地球化学特征、带来的危害,提出治理措施,并指明今后的研究方向。     

城市污泥中邻苯二甲酸酯类环境激素的研究进展

邻苯二甲酸酯类环境激素对环境的污染及对内分泌的干扰作用已引起世界各国的广泛关注.该文论述了城市污泥中邻苯二甲酸酯的研究进展,并针对目前存在的问题,提出了防治措施及研究重点.     

垃圾焚烧飞灰中重金属污染物控制的研究进展

介绍了垃圾焚烧过程中重金属污染的来源及其在灰渣中的分布,指出垃圾焚烧后重金属主要集中在飞灰中,飞灰的处理是控制重金属污染的关键。并综述了当前国际上有关垃圾焚烧飞灰中重金属的污染控制方法与技术的研究现状。     

Leaching of Heavy Metals from Artificial Soils Composed of Sewage Sludge and Fly Ash

The purpose of this study was to determine the leaching characteristics of heavy metals from artificial soils composed of sewage sludge and fly ash. A leaching experiment was carried out over a period of 90 days. The leachates from artificial soils were collected every 15 days, and the concentrations of cadmium, lead, copper, zinc, chromium, and nickel in leachates were determined. Results showed that pH values of the artificial soils leachate were stable, ranging from 6.71 to 7.62 at the end of the experiment. Except of the cadmium, the concentrations of chromium, nickel, and copper in leachates of the artificial soils reached a stable level at the end of the experiment. The final concentrations of copper in leachates varied from 27.1 to 127.5 μg L⁻¹, which was lower than European threshold value for drinking water, (1,000 μg L⁻¹), while final nickel and chromium concentrations in leachates exceeded the European threshold ones. Amorpha fruticosa and Robina pseudoacacia grown in the artificial soils had different effects on cadmium, nickel, chromium, and copper leaching behavior. Amorpha fruticosa resulted in higher Ni and Cu concentrations in leachates, while Robina pseudoacacia enhanced leaching concentration of Cr.     

Solubility of Trace Elements and Heavy Metals from Stabilized Sewage Sludge by Fly Ash

Stabilized sewage sludge (SS) by fly ash (FA) and alkaline mine tailing as artificial soil, to be applied on the ecological rehabilitation at mining junkyard, offers a potential viable utilization of the industrial by-product, as well as solves the shortage of soil resource in mine area. In this study, trace element and heavy metal soil solution concentrations arising from fly ash, sewage sludge, mine tailing, and artificial soil mixtures were investigated in a laboratory incubation. It was found that total Cd, Pb, and Zn contents in artificial soils were significantly lower than the control standards for pollutants in sludges from agricultural use (GB 4284-84). Soil solution Cd and Pb concentrations were obviously reduced by mixing sewage sludge with alkaline fly ash. Initial soil solution Cd, Pb, and Zn concentrations in artificial soils were 1.773–14.672, 4.05–24.95, and 133–608 μg L⁻¹, respectively, and after 35-days incubation, soil solution Cd, Pb, and Zn concentrations gradually decreased and were approaching control levels by the end of the experiment, and finial soil solution were decreased to 0.037–0.365, 2.12–7.34, and 29–509 μg L⁻¹, respectively.