氧化苦参碱对淋巴细胞第二信使的影响

本文研究了氧化苦参碱对淋巴细胞胞浆游离钙、钙摄取功能、ｃＡＭＰ及ｃＧＭＰ水平的影响。结果表明：氧化苦参碱可使淋巴细胞浆游离钙水平上升，其钙离子来源于细胞内储存钙的释放。另外，氧化苦参碱可使ＰＨＡ活化的人扁桃体淋巴细胞的ｃＡＭＰ水平降低。我们推测它可能通过某种方式和细胞膜发生作用，从而影响细胞内钙和ｃＡＭＰ的水平，进而影响细胞功能。     

氧化苦参碱对LAK细胞活性的影响

ＬＡＫ细胞具有很强的广谱杀瘤作用，而氧化苦参碱具有较强的免疫抑制作用。本文研究了氧化苦参碱对ＬＡＫ细胞活力的影响，结果表明：氧化苦参碱可抑制ＩＬ－２对小鼠脾细胞的促增殖作用，并且对ＩＬ－２活化ＬＡＫ细胞杀伤Ｐ８１５的能力也有抑制作用。当ＩＬ－２（５００ｕ／ｍｌ）与２００μｇ／ｍｌ的氧化苦参碱共同孵育４ｄ后，可使ＬＡＫ细胞杀瘤能力（在效靶比为１００：１时）的８２．５％被抑制。同时氧化苦参碱本身对Ｐ８     

氧化苦参碱对胆碱酯酶影响的临床研究

目的　研究氧化苦参碱 (OM)治疗病毒性肝炎过程中 ,胆碱酯酶 (ChE)的动态变化及与同期白蛋白 (ALB)、凝血酶原活动度 (PTA)及其他肝功能的关系。方法　 98例病毒性肝炎患者分成 4组 ;A组 31例 (静脉注射OM) ,B组 30例 (口服OM) ,C组 7例 (肌内注射OM) ,D组 30例 (一般护肝药物 ,不用OM)。定期检测血清ChE、ALB、PTA、肝功能、肾功能、血常规、血清补体 1型受体 (sCR1)、红细胞黏附功能 (EIIAF)指标。结果　A、B、C 3组在治疗中ChE明显下降 ,治疗前中后比较 ,差异有显著意义 (P值分别为 <0 0 0 1、<0 0 0 1、0 0 2 3) ;同时在ChE数值及异常率与对照组比较 ,差异有显著意义(P <0 0 0 1)。A、B、C 3组在治疗前中后 ,ALB、PTA随病情而变化 (P值均 >0 0 5 )。4组治疗后病情均有明显好转 ,ChE的下降并不伴随肝功能的恶化。结论　OM制剂在治疗病毒性肝炎中ChE明显下降 ,但反映肝脏实质功能的ALB、PTA等指标无改变 ,ALT、AST、TBiL好转。在OM治疗结束后 ,ChE迅速恢复正常。所以 ,ChE的下降并不表明病情的恶化 ,其机理尚待探讨。     

氧化苦参碱对L929肿瘤细胞免疫抑制作用的影响

目的:体外研究氧化苦参碱(MOX)对L929肿瘤细胞(L929)免疫抑制作用的影响.方法:获取经MOX作用后再培养的L929培养上清,以不经MOX作用同步培养的1929培养上清作对照,检测上清对小鼠脾细胞5项免疫功能的影响(包括NK杀伤和ConA诱导转化,MTT法;细胞表面IL-2Rα、cD3ε+ζ+和CD3ε-ζ+表达水平,流式细胞术法)和上清中4种免疫抑制分子的浓度(包括TC,F-βl、PGE2、VEGF和IL-1O,定量ELISA法).分析MOX影响L929免疫抑制作用与影响L929免疫抑制分子分泌之问的关系.结果:不经MOX作用同步对照培养的1929培养上清(C-S1、C-S2),可稳定地测到所测4种免疫抑制分子(以TGF-βl和PGF2浓度最高),和稳定地抑制所测小鼠脾细胞5项免疫功能(C-SI比C-S2,P>0.05).经MOX作用后的L929,其第一次再培养上清(MOX-S1),4种免疫抑制分子的浓度及对5项免疫功能的抑制均明显低于对照上清(c-SI);其第二次再培养上清(MOX-s2)与MOX-S1相比,4种抑制分子浓度无明显变化(P>0.05),除对CD3ε+ζ+的抑制作用明显降低外(P<0.01),对其余4项免疫功能的抑制作用亦无明显变化(P>0.05).相关分析显示,MOX下调L929对小鼠脾细胞ConA诱导转化及IL广2Ra和CD3ε-ζ+表达的抑制与下调TGF-βl和PGF2分泌显著正相关,下调对MK杀伤的抑制与下调TGF-βl分泌显著正相关.结论:氧化苦参碱可显著下调L929免疫抑制分子分泌而显著下调L929肿瘤细胞的免疫抑制作用,下调肿瘤细胞免疫抑制作用可能是其抗瘤新机制之一.     

氧化苦参碱对豚鼠心室肌细胞膜钠通道的影响

目的：研究氧化苦参碱(Oxy)对豚鼠心室肌细胞膜钠通道电流的影响，探讨Oxy在离子通道水平的作用机制。 方法: 用急性酶解法分离豚鼠心室肌细胞，应用膜片钳全细胞记录技术，观察不同浓度的Oxy对钠通道的影响。 结果: 用Oxy 1、10、100、1 000 μmol/L可浓度依赖性地抑制钠电流。在100 μmol/L时，给药后电流密度抑制约40％（P<0.01），可使心肌细胞钠电流－电压曲线上移，但激活电位、峰电位及反转电位无改变；Oxy使失活曲线向负电位方向变化，并使灭活后恢复过程延迟；对激活曲线无明显影响。 结论: Oxy可通过浓度依赖性和电压依赖性地抑制心肌细胞膜钠通道电流。     

氧化应激在高脂高盐饮食伴高糖饮水诱导的代谢综合征肾病大鼠中的作用

目的: 构建饮食诱导的代谢综合征(MS)肾病大鼠模型,并探讨氧化应激在肾脏损伤中的作用。方法: 7周龄雄性SD大鼠随机分为正常对照组(n=10)和MS模型组(n=10)。MS大鼠喂饲高脂高盐(HFS)饲料和20%蔗糖饮水20周。测定尾动脉收缩压(SBP);测空腹血糖(FBG)、血脂和胰岛素(FIns)水平,计算稳态胰岛素评价指数(HOMA-IR);测肌酐、尿蛋白、尿白蛋白和尿钠含量,并计算肌酐清除率(Ccr)、蛋白排泄率(UPE)、白蛋白排泄率(UAE)和钠排泄率(USE);测肾脏组织总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、抑制超氧阴离子能力(ISAC)、丙二醛(MDA)含量以及抗氧化酶活性;Western blotting检测肾脏铜锌超氧化物歧化酶(Cu/Zn-SOD) 和NADPH氧化酶亚单位p47^phox、p22^phox蛋白表达;PAS和Masson染色观察肾脏病理变化并进行评分。结果: 与正常组相比,MS大鼠SBP、血脂、FIns、HOMA-IR、USE和UAE增高;肾脏T-AOC、ISAC和SOD活性降低,MDA含量增加;p47^phox蛋白表达增高,Cu/Zn-SOD蛋白表达降低;肾小球硬化评分升高。结论: 喂饲大鼠HFS饮食和高糖饮水可建立模拟大部分临床特征的MS肾病模型。NADPH氧化酶表达增高和SOD表达减少而引起的氧化应激是导致MS大鼠肾脏损伤的机制之一。     

齐拉西酮与奥氮平治疗首发精神分裂症 疗效及糖脂代谢的影响观察

目的 研究齐拉西酮与奥氮平治疗首发精神分裂症疗效及用药后对患者机体糖脂代谢的影响。方法 选取我院精神病科2016年1月~2017年5月收治并接受治疗的精神分裂症患者68例,随机分为对照组和观察组,每组34例。观察组采用齐拉西酮进行治疗,对照组采用奥氮平进行治疗,对比两组患者临床疗效、FBG、TG、LDL-C、HDL-C、TC的变化情况,以及不良反应情况。结果 两组患者治疗有效率均为88.20%,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;对照组患者血清总胆固醇（TC）、血糖（FBG）分别为（4.62±0.31）mmol/L、（5.67±0.29）mmol/L,高于观察组的（3.91±0.28）mmol/L、（5.13±0.35）mmol/L,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。治疗后两组患者FBG、TG、LDL-C、HDL-C、TC指标均有一定程度变化,其中观察组患者三酰甘油（TG）为（1.25±0.35）mmol/L,高于对照组的（0.84±0.37）mmol/L,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。观察组患者服药后出现较为明显的震颤情况,震颤比例26.47%,高于对照组患者的8.82%,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 齐拉西酮与奥氮平治疗首发精神分裂症疗效基本一致,糖脂代谢及不良反应具有一定差异,在临床应结合患者实际情况选择合适的治疗方案,以便患者病情的康复及减少不良反应发生。     

奥氮平、利培酮治疗对精神分裂症患者临床疗效及糖脂代谢的影响

目的:分析奥氮平、利培酮治疗精神分裂症的临床疗效.方法:收集2017年1月～2021年11月本院83例精神分裂症患者,根据治疗方案不同分为观察组(奥氮平联合利培酮治疗)43例和对照组(利培酮治疗)40例,治疗周期均为4周.对比两组两组治疗后临床疗效、治疗前后糖脂代谢指标、认知功能及不良反应.结果:观察组有效率明显高于对...     

连翘苷对肥胖症大鼠脂代谢紊乱和氧化应激的影响及机制研究

目的 探究连翘苷对肥胖症大鼠模型脂代谢紊乱和氧化应激的影响。 方法 采用高脂饲料喂养 建立肥胖症大鼠模型 (将大鼠随机分为 6 组: 对照组、 模型组、 连翘苷 5 mg / kg 组、 连翘苷 10 mg / kg 组、 连翘苷 20 mg / kg 组和二甲双胍组); 检测大鼠体重; 卷尺测量肛鼻长计算 Lee’s 指数; 血糖仪检测血糖水 平; 油红 O 染色检测脂质蓄积程度; 全自动生化分析仪检测 TC、 TG、 LDL-C 和 HDL-C 水平; 试剂盒检测 ALT、 AST、 ALP 水平和 SOD、 MDA、 GSH-Px 含量。 Western 印迹检测 p-Nrf2、 Nrf2、 HO-1 蛋白表达水平。 结果 与对照组相比较, 模型组 Lee’s 指数、 体重增重和血糖水平升高, TC、 TG 和 LDL-C 水平升高, HDL-C 水平降低, ALT、 AST 和 ALP 水平升高, SOD、 GSH-Px 含量降低, MDA 含量升高, p-Nrf2 / Nrf2、 HO-1 蛋白表达水平降低, 差异具有统计学意义 (P< 0. 05)。 与模型组相比较, 连翘苷 10、 20 mg / kg 组和 二甲双胍组 Lee’s 指数、 体重增重和血糖水平降低, 脂质蓄积程度明显改善, TC、 TG 和 LDL-C 水平降低, HDL-C 水平升高, ALT、 AST 和 ALP 水平降低, SOD、 GSH-Px 含量升高, MDA 含量降低, p-Nrf2 / Nrf2、 HO-1 蛋白表达水平升高, 差异具有统计学意义 (P< 0. 05)。 结论 连翘苷可改善肥胖症大鼠模型氧化应激 及脂代谢紊乱, 这可能是通过活化 Nrf2 / HO-1 信号通路实现的。     

Protective Effects of Curcumin on Renal Oxidative Stress and Lipid Metabolism in a Rat Model of Type 2 Diabetic Nephropathy

PurposeDiabetic nephropathy is a serious complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus, and delaying the development of diabetic nephropathy in patients with diabetes mellitus is very important. In this study, we investigated inflammation, oxidative stress, and lipid metabolism to assess whether curcumin ameliorates diabetic nephropathy.ResultsCurcumin ameliorated albuminuria, pathophysiologic changes on the glomerulus, urinary MDA, and urinary SOD related with elevated Nrf2 signaling, as well as serum lipid-related index and ectopic lipid accumulation through activation of AMPK signaling.ConclusionCollectively, these findings indicate that curcumin exerts renoprotective effects by inhibiting renal lipid accumulation and oxidative stress through AMPK and Nrf2 signaling pathway.     

Antioxidant-Rich Dietary Intervention Improves Cardiometabolic Profiles and Arterial Stiffness in Elderly Koreans with Metabolic Syndrome

PurposeOxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of chronic metabolic diseases. This study investigated the effect of the antioxidant-rich dietary intervention on oxidative stress, metabolic parameters, and arterial stiffness in elderly Koreans with metabolic syndrome (MetS).Materials and MethodsThirty-one subjects with MetS were enrolled and randomly divided into dietary intervention group and control group. Subjects in the intervention group received three meal boxes prepared with antioxidant-rich ingredients every day for 4 weeks, and subjects in the control group maintained their usual diets. Anthropometric and various biochemical parameters related to oxidative stress, inflammation, and MetS were assessed. Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) and fat measurement using computed tomography were also conducted before and after 4 weeks.ResultsThere were significant differences in waist circumference, visceral to subcutaneous fat ratio, lipid peroxidation, oxidized low density lipoprotein (oxLDL), systolic and diastolic blood pressure, lipid parameters, advanced glycation end products, and baPWV between before and after the study in the experimental group (all p<0.05). Significant inter-group differences were observed between the experimental and control group in terms of the differences in body mass index, waist circumference, oxygen radical absorbance capacity, protein carboxylation, lipid peroxidation, oxLDL, blood pressure, lipid parameters, and baPWV between before and after the study (all p<0.05).ConclusionAntioxidant-rich dietary intervention for a 4-week period ameliorated the state of oxidative stress and improved the components of MetS including central obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and arterial stiffness in elderly Koreans with MetS.     

Effect of Pneumoperitoneum on Oxidative Stress and Inflammation via the Arginase Pathway in Rats

Purpose

Oxidative stress during CO₂ pneumoperitoneum is reported to be associated with decreased bioactivity of nitric oxide (NO). However, the changes in endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and arginase during CO₂ pneumoperitoneum have not been elucidated.

Materials and Methods

Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into three groups. After anesthesia induction, the abdominal cavities of the rats of groups intra-abdominal pressure (IAP)-10 and IAP-20 were insufflated with CO₂ at pressures of 10 mm Hg and 20 mm Hg, respectively, for 2 hours. The rats of group IAP-0 were not insufflated. After deflation, plasma NO was measured, while protein expression levels and activity of eNOS, iNOS, arginase (Arg) I, and Arg II were analyzed with aorta and lung tissue samples.

Results

Plasma nitrite concentration and eNOS expression were significantly suppressed in groups IAP-10 and IAP-20 compared to IAP-0. While expression of iNOS and Arg I were comparable between the three groups, Arg II expression was significantly greater in group IAP-20 than in group IAP-0. Activity of eNOS was significantly lower in groups IAP-10 and IAP-20 than in group IAP-0, while iNOS activity was significantly greater in group IAP-20 than in groups IAP-0 and IAP-10. Arginase activity was significantly greater in group IAP-20 than in groups IAP-0 and IAP-10.

Conclusion

The activity of eNOS decreases during CO₂ pneumoperitoneum, while iNOS activity is significantly increased, a change that contributes to increased oxidative stress and inflammation. Moreover, arginase expression and activity is increased during CO₂ pneumoperitoneum, which seems to act inversely to the NO system.     

Irritable Bowel Syndrome May Be Associated with Elevated Alanine Aminotransferase and Metabolic Syndrome

Purpose

Recent studies have revealed close relationships between hepatic injury, metabolic pathways, and gut microbiota. The microorganisms in the intestine also cause irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The aim of this study was to examine whether IBS was associated with elevated hepatic enzyme [alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST)], gamma-glutamyl transferase (γ-GT) levels, and metabolic syndrome (MS).

Materials and Methods

This was a retrospective, cross-sectional, case-control study. The case and control groups comprised subjects who visited our health promotion center for general check-ups from June 2010 to December 2010. Of the 1127 initially screened subjects, 83 had IBS according to the Rome III criteria. The control group consisted of 260 age- and sex-matched subjects without IBS who visited our health promotion center during the same period.

Results

Compared to control subjects, patients with IBS showed significantly higher values of anthropometric parameters (body mass index, waist circumference), liver enzymes, γ-GT, and lipid levels. The prevalences of elevated ALT (16.9% vs. 7.7%; p=0.015) and γ-GT (24.1% vs. 11.5%; p=0.037) levels were significantly higher in patients with IBS than in control subjects. A statistically significant difference was observed in the prevalence of MS between controls and IBS patients (12.7% vs. 32.5%; p<0.001). The relationships between elevated ALT levels, MS, and IBS remained statistically significant after controlling for potential confounding factors.

Conclusion

On the basis of our study results, IBS may be an important condition in certain patients with elevated ALT levels and MS.     

Chlorophytum borivilianum Root Extract Maintains near Normal Blood Glucose,Insulin and Lipid Profile Levels and Prevents Oxidative Stress in the Pancreas of Streptozotocin-Induced Adult Male Diabetic Rats

The effect of C. borivilianum root on blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin (HbAIc), insulin and lipid profile levels in diabetes mellitus are not fully understood. This study therefore investigated the effect of C. borivilianum root on the above parameters and oxidative stress of the pancreas in diabetes. Methods: C. borivilianum root aqueous extract (250 and 500 mg/kg/day) was administered to streptozotocin (STZ)-induced male diabetic rats for 28 days. Body weight, blood glucose, HbA1c, insulin, lipid profile levels and glucose homeostasis indices were determined. Histopathological changes and oxidative stress parameters i.e. lipid peroxidation (LPO) and antioxidant enzymes activity levels of the pancreas were investigated. Results: C. borivilianum root extract treatment to diabetic rats maintained near normal body weight, blood glucose, HbA1c, lipid profile and insulin levels with higher HOMA-β cell functioning index, number of Islets/pancreas, number of β-cells/Islets however with lower HOMA-insulin resistance (IR) index as compared to non-treated diabetic rats. Negative correlations between serum insulin and blood glucose, HbA1c, triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) levels were observed. C. borivilianum root extract administration prevented the increase in lipid peroxidation and the decrease in activity levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) with mild histopathological changes in the pancreas of diabetic rats. Conclusions: C. borivilianum root maintains near normal levels of these metabolites and prevented oxidative stress-induced damage to the pancreas in diabetes.     

Efficacy of Royal Jelly on Methotrexate-Induced Systemic Oxidative Stress and Damage to Small Intestine in Rats

The aim of this present study is to investigate the mucositis caused by methotrexate (MTX), as well as whether the application of royal jelly (RJ) has a protective effect on oxidative stress. This present study included six groups each consisted of 12 Wistar rats. Distilled water (po: peroral) was given to the 1^st group as placebo for 10 days and MTX (20 mg/kg, intraperitoneal: ip) on the 7^th day. The 2^nd group received RJ (50mg/kg, po) for 10 days and normal saline (NS) instead of MTX. RJ (50mg/kg) was given to the 3^rd group for 10 days and MTX on the 7^th day. The 4^th group received RJ (100 mg/kg, po) for 10 days and NS was given intraperitoneally. RJ (100mg/kg) was given to the 5^th group for 10 days and a single dose of MTX. Distilled water was given to the 6^th (control) group for 10 days and intraperitoneal NS on the 7^th day. Malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase were analyzed in blood samples on the 11^th day. Morphological and histopathological changes were examined in the intestinal tissue samples. Villus length and mucosal thickness, as well as the villus length/crypt ratio, were significantly decreased with MTX administration, and the semi-quantitative histological evaluation (SQHE) score was measured high (p<0.001). In addition, a decrease in the antioxidant parameters and an increase in the MDA levels were identified. The villus length and SQHE were significantly different in the groups receiving RJ (p<0.001) as compared to the MTX group. Although RJ addition had no effect on the decreased mucosal thickness and villus/crypt ratio in MTX groups, it caused an improvement in the antioxidant levels and a remarkable decrease in MDA levels. Adding RJ has a decreasing effect on the MTX-induced intestinal damage and it has a suppressive effect on MTX-induced oxidative stress by means of increasing antioxidant enzyme activity and decreasing lipid peroxidation.     

益生元对2型糖尿病患者糖脂代谢的影响

目的 探讨益生元对2型糖尿病患者血糖血脂代谢的影响,分析益生元在糖尿病进程中的作用。方法 选取2017年1月~2018年3月本院104例2型糖尿病患者,按随机数字表法分为对照组和实验组,每组52例,对照组给予安慰剂,实验组服用益生元,12周后再次检测血液中的血糖血脂生化指标,统计分析服用前后生化指标的变化。结果 实验组服用12周益生元后,患者空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖、糖化血红蛋白、胆固醇及低密度脂蛋白水平低于治疗前,差异有统计学意义 (P＜0.05)。治疗后实验组糖脂生化指标中空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白、胆固醇及低密度脂蛋白浓度水平均低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义 (P＜0.05);治疗后两组餐后2 h血糖、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白对比,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论 补充益生元有助于降低2型糖尿病患者的空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白、胆固醇及低密度脂蛋白浓度水平,对2型糖尿病患者的血糖及血脂可能具有积极的作用。