食管癌患者SIL_(-2R)和IL_(-6)的研究

本文对25例食管癌患者和31例健康对照者外周血单个核细胞(PBMC)经 PHA 刺激后 IL_(-6)产生能力和细胞培养上清中 SIL-_(2R)水平做了研究,同时检测了血清中 SIL_(-2R)水平。结果显示,食管癌患者产生 IL_(?)能力显著升高(P<0.001);食管癌患血清 SIL_(-2R)水平同健康者相比也显著升高(P<0.001),而细胞培养上清SIL_(-2R)浓度,两者比较差异无显著性(P>0.05)。     

Rémission complète d’un sarcome intratesticulaire

Lymph node involvement is the main independent prognostic factor in early-stage cervical cancer and justifies an adjuvant therapy. Early-stage cervical cancer (≤ IB1) treatment involves a radical colpohysterectomy extended to parameters associated with a systematic pelvic lymphadenectomy and a para-aortic lymphadenectomy when pelvic lymph nodes are metastatic. Thanks to radio isotopic lymphatic mapping and blue-dye injection, sentinel lymph node procedure allows an evaluation of the lymph node status with a detection rate up to 90% and a false negative rate between 0 and 8%. Micrometastasis and “nanometastasis,” which are not identified by conventional histology, could be detected, thanks to immunohistochemistry on frozen section or PCR. In this study, we focus on technicalmeans and results, allowing the proposal of a modification of the therapeutic strategy in early-stage cervical cancer (IA2 or IB1).     

SieScape_(R)-全景成像术

本文介绍了一种新的超声技术,它可以完成60cm大的全景成像。借助这项技术可以完整地显示整个脏器,例如肝脏,并能显示该脏器和其周围组织的关系。和传统的超声技术一起应用,这种新技术将显示巨大的优越性。     

Le pilomatricome malin cervical métastatique : à propos d’un cas

We report the case of a 66-year-old patient with a pilomatrix carcinoma from the right submandibular region with pulmonary and cerebral metastases. The histological confirmation of the diagnosis has been based on the biopsy of the submandibular tumefaction which was rapidly growing. We tried at first a doxorubicine and cisplatine chemotherapy because of the considerable locoregional extension and the existence of pulmonary metastases. The patient response to three cures of chemotherapy was spectacular with a partial clinical response (75%) and a partially cleaned-up chest observed in the radiological evaluation. In the 5th cycle of chemotherapy following the same protocol, the patient presented a relapse with cerebral metastases. The patient received hypofractionated radiotherapy on the brain followed by etoposide and cisplatine chemotherapy, then oral vinorelbine. The patient died of progressive disease after 32 weeks.     

Le cancer du sein chez la femme âgée (hors situation métastatique)

Recommandations / Recommendations

Le cancer du sein chez la femme agée (hors situation métastatique)     

Le frottis cervicovaginal un test incontournable dans le dépistage des lésions du col de l’utérus

A retrospective study was carried out at the histopathological laboratory of the Pasteur Institute to determine the incidence of cervical cancer and assess the value of cervical smear in the diagnosis. Thirty-two thousand nine hundred seventy-nine cervical smears were conducted. Of the total sample, 3% had an abnormal cervical smear, of which 0.9% showed atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS), 1.1% intraepithelial lesions low grade, 0.6% lesions high-grade and 0.4% cervical cancer. Sixty percent of the women came for the first time to a great age and only few patients had consultation to perform cervix and vaginal smears. Found lesions are strict and often deflected late. Cervix neoplasms are the second female cancers in Morocco. A systematic surveillance of all female genitalia diseases must be programmed.     

Le souhait d’aide psychologique des patients agés atteints d’un cancer

Background: Growing evidence suggests that when a treatment decision has to be made, at cancer diagnosis or when the disease progresses, the overall health of the elderly cancer patients should be assessed using Multimodal Geriatric Assessment (MGA) to detect unsuspected health problems, predict tolerance to treatment, and predict survival. However, little is known about distress of the elderly cancer patients and their relatives in this context, and their desire for psychological support in this context. This article aims to review the current knowledge about psychological distress of elderly patients facing cancer, psychological interventions devoted to them, and finally, their desire for psychological support. Preliminary results of a Belgian study, currently being conducted at a cancer center, investigating elderly cancer inpatients?? desire for psychological support when a treatment decision has to be made are also described.     

Réduire le temps préanalytique dans le diagnostic anatomopathologique des affections mammaires, utopie ou réalité ?

Surgical pathology diagnosis of a breast lesion is an important stage in the diagnostic process of breast diseases. Quality of the pre-analytical phase is essential to ensure reliable and reproducible diagnoses, and is based on neutral-buffered formalin fixation of tissue specimens. It is important to respect aminimum fixation timewithformalin inorder to guarantee the quality of subsequent morphological, immunohistochemical and cytogenetic studies. We present here an alternative to formalin fixation, based on tissue dehydration, enabling the shortening of technical stages and sign out. Furthermore, this method ensures better nucleic acid preservation, which opens the way for the development of high-throughput molecular testing in breast cancer.     

Le recours aux médecines complémentaires et alternatives (MCA) face aux incertitudes de la médecine allopathique

Within this article, we aim to examine the position of heterodox therapies in the field of health and the evolution of conventional care by considering the use of complementary and alternative medicines (CAM) for patients. Indeed, a lot of practices called CAM are developing in care centers for several years. Due to a growing demand from the patients, this tendency led us to evaluate the benefits and the limits of CAM in the field of the conventional medicine. Although scientific community opposes conventional and unconventional therapies, the integration of CAM in the field of health reveals the evolution of care concept taking into consideration the psychological aspects of somatic diseases. Furthermore, our literature review highlighted the lack of definition of CAM due to the recent interest in this topic and in the multidisciplinarity of the studies conducted on these practices. It appeared appropriate to articulate that the theoretical data with the experiences of patients. Thirty-two cancer patients were following or not following CAM. We analyzed the semidirective interviews and questionnaire booklet given to each patient. The analysis of the content of the 32 semidirective interviews is based on classes of speech defined by the method of type Alceste (Iramuteq). For users of nonconventional medicines, a list of 24 CAM was proposed and listed in five categories (practice by the touch, practice by the feeding, spiritual and/or energy practices, psychological practices, new body-psycho practices). Among the whole population (N = 32), 22 patients are using CAM, of whom 8 in an alternative way. The use of complementary/alternative medicines is necessary to integrate personal values (either religious, spiritual, intellectual,…) in the consideration of illness and treatment and the necessity to add a search of meaning to medical procedures. Understanding this movement allows us to avoid a dichotomy between two types of medicine that could lead patients to make a choice between them and stop conventional treatments. Even if we can try to undersdand patients’ motivations in the use of CAM, we have to consider that the psychological shock of the diagnosis makes the patients vulnerable. They are then more at risk to be receptive to sectarian movements and also to stop their conventional treatments.     

Bénéfices sur la survie de l’activité physique avant ou après un cancer du sein

L’activité physique (AP) s’intègre dans les soins de support en améliorant les possibilités fonctionnelles de l’organisme et la qualité de vie des patientes. Il s’agit du seul facteur modifiant de fa?on établie la fatigue des patients cancéreux. L’AP modifie la survie en diminuant le taux de rechute des cancers du sein et l’impact des comorbidités. Les mécanismes d’action de l’exercice physique sur la maladie cancéreuse sont décrits.