不同所有权性质医院住院患者就医体验比较分析-以重庆市为例

目的 比较不同所有权性质医院住院患者就医体验差异。方法 2015年10月利用二阶段随机抽样方法对重庆市主城区不同所有权性质的8家公立医院和8家民营医院共640名住院患者进行问卷调查,采用Likert5级量表进行就医体验满意度评分。结果 2组医院住院患者在年龄、患病首选上的差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05)。民营医院总体就医体验满意度得分显著高于公立医院（P＜0.05)。主成分回归分析显示,显著影响公立医院住院患者就医体验满意度的因素依次为医疗服务质量、医疗服务可及性、有形性;医疗服务质量、态度和医学伦理、医疗服务可及性、有形性为民营医院的显著影响因素。结论 不同所有权性质医院住院患者就医体验存在显著差异。强化医疗服务的能力建设是提高不同所有权性质医院住院患者就医体验满意度的优先措施。     

2018—2019年鞍山市公立医院患者满意度调查分析及政策建议

目的 通过科学建立患者满意度评价指标体系和实施公立医院患者满意度调查,分析满意度状况及其影响因素,利用战略管理理论提出政策建议。方法 采用问卷调查的方式,于2020年3—5月对辽宁省鞍山市市属公立医院2018年、2019年门诊和住院患者满意度情况开展调查,分析影响患者满意度的主要因素,并通过满意度得分和指标权重分析,提出公立医院改进政策建议。结果 2018年、2019年鞍山市公立医院总体满意度尚可,其中医德医风、就医流程、医疗技术、医患沟通、医疗安全、就医环境、医疗效果满意度指标评价为比较满意,收益评价、便利服务、项目适宜指标评价为一般满意,合理收费指标评价为不满意。影响总体满意度的因素有就医环境、医德医风、合理收费、项目适宜、收益评价、医疗效果、便利服务、医疗安全、医疗技术。综合满意度得分和指标权重分析,鞍山市公立医院在检查收费、项目适宜性、费用透明及效果体验方面满意度较低,其他方面尚可。结论 总体看鞍山市公立医院患者就医满意度尚可,但在检查收费、项目适宜性、费用透明和政策宣传等方面还需加强,要进一步完善医保支付和分级诊疗相关政策,提高政策普及程度,逐步提高患者就医满意度水平。     

基于患者满意度的紧密型县域医疗共同体建设评价：以广西为例

目的 分析广西紧密型县城医疗共同体（以下简称“医共体”）试点县前后患者对居民就医体验和服务质量的满意度变化，评价紧密型县域医共体建设的实施成效。方法 在2020年与2022年，分别对试点县和非试点县的医共体门诊患者、住院患者进行满意度基线调查和终末调查，采用描述性分析、双重差分法比较前后满意度差异。结果 2022年的患者满意度较2020年有不同程度的提升（P <0.05）。试点县住院患者的总体满意度、就医环境、等候时间、服务态度、技术水平、医疗费用满意度与非试点县相比，分别提升了0.306分、0.361分、0.462分、0.377分、0.273分、0.404分（P <0.05），但医共体建设对门诊患者满意度影响不大。结论 广西“三二”医联体（三级公立医院与县级二级医疗机构组成的医疗联合体）取得了一定成效，牵头医院住院患者就医体验不断改善。应促进“三二”医联体和县域医共体有机衔接和融合，提高县域整体医疗服务能力。     

我国136所三级公立医院住院患者就医体验满意度分析

目的:总结2016年至2021年我国公立医院改善住院患者就医体验的进展和成效,为进一步改善住院患者就医体验和提升住院患者就医满意度提供依据。方法:基于2016年至2021年的5次"全国改善医疗服务第三方评估"住院患者调查,对住院流程、费用和住院患者就医满意度进行描述性趋势分析,并对不同区域及不同机构类型的患者满意度进行...     

宁夏回族自治区县级公立医院住院患者满意度及其影响因素

目的 了解宁夏回族自治区实施县级公立医院改革后县级公立医院住院患者的满意度及其影响因素,考察县级公立医院改革的初步成效,以期为医院管理者与卫生行政部门提高医疗服务质量提供决策参考.方法 通过电话回访的方式,对4家县人民医院的出院患者进行满意度调查.结果 住院患者对医疗服务的总体满意度评分为4.09分(满分为5.00分)...     

南水北调水源区二级甲等医院住院患者就医体验关键驱动因素分析

目的 针对住院患者就医体验关键驱动因素进行重要性矩阵分析,以利于找到改进医疗服务质量的切入点,为提升南水北调水源区医院整体医疗服务质量提供科学合理的举措依据.方法 对南水北调水源区某二甲医院473名住院患者进行电子问卷测评,采用重要性矩阵分析方法进行住院患者就医体验关键驱动因素分析.结果 医院住院患者总体满意度为94....     

基于重要性矩阵分析门诊患者就医体验关键驱动因素

[目的]分析北京市区属医院门诊患者就医体验关键驱动因素,为评价患者就医体验提供依据并提出提升策略.[方法]对北京市16个区48家区属医院门诊患者进行问卷调查,采用满意度-重要性矩阵分析门诊患者就医体验的关键驱动因素.[结果]共调查门诊患者2755例,门诊患者总体满意度得分为(4.00±0.73)分,在医院类型、患者年龄...     

基于住院患者满意度的紧密型县域医疗卫生共同体建设评价

目的 分析西部某省紧密型县域医疗卫生共同体试点县和非试点县在政策实施前后住院患者对就医体验和服务质量的满意度及其变化,评价政策实施成效。方法 在2020和2021年通过电话回访的方式对4家不同地市的县人民医院（2家在试点县、2家在非试点县）的出院患者进行满意度调查,对数据进行描述性分析、单因素分析、多重线性回归分析和双重差分分析。结果 对住院患者总体满意度的影响由大到小的因素依次是技术水平、医疗费用、服务态度、等候时间和就医环境。与非试点县相比,试点县住院患者的总体满意度及其对就医环境、服务态度、技术水平和医疗费用的满意度分别降低了0.24、0.12、0.18、0.19和0.20,差异有统计学意义（P <0.05）,其对等候时间的满意度降低了0.02,但差异无统计学意义（P> 0.05）。结论 应持续推动县级医院服务能力提升,减轻患者就医负担,重视紧密型县域医疗卫生共同体建设初期牵头医院所面临的挑战。     

北京市公立医院门诊患者满意度调查分析

目的调查北京市三家公立医院患者对门诊就医总过程满意度评价的现状,了解北京市综合公立医院门诊满意度情况,为北京市公立医院医疗服务品质的评价和改善提供参考依据。方法对北京市三家公立医院的就诊患者进行问卷调查,问卷包括患者的一般情况,参保形式,付费状况,以及满意度等调查。采用Excel和统计学方法进行分析。结果被调查的318例患者中82.7%对本次就医总过程评价为满意,不满意的患者为2.2%。将家庭收入、医保类型和医疗费用支付方式与门诊患者就医总满意度做秩和检验分析,发现差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论北京市三家医院门诊满意度总体评价较好,但仍需要进一步提高医院服务质量以满足社会需求。     

广东省异地就医住院患者满意度调查

目的探讨广东省异地就医住院患者对就医过程的满意情况及影响因素,分析异地就医存在的问题并提出政策建议。方法采用问卷调查方法,于2017年8月,在广东省所有异地就医定点医疗机构中,针对广东省异地就医住院患者发放6 000份调查问卷,并对数据进行描述性统计分析、χ~2检验及二分类logistic回归分析。结果在5 786例被调查者中,对异地就医总体满意的有4 861例(占84.0%);不满意的有925例(占16.0%)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,入院手续、就医环境、异地就医便捷性、政策了解情况、异地就医直接结算5个变量是异地就医住院患者满意度的影响因素(P0.05)。结论异地就医住院患者满意率有待提高,可通过宣传普及异地就医政策,改善医务人员服务态度,提高医院技术水平,完善异地就医直接结算系统,提高异地就医患者满意度。     

Calcium intake in the elderly: validation of a dietary questionnaire

Epidemiological studies of calcium and osteoporosis have been hampered by the lack of a suitable tool for assessing calcium intake. This report describes a new frequency and amount questionnaire for measuring present and past calcium intake in the elderly. The validity of the questionnaire was tested against two commonly used standards of dietary assessment, five-day duplicate diets and seven-day weighed dietary inventories. The resulting correlation coefficients were, respectively, r = 0.76 and r = 0.69, while that for repeatability was r = 0.84. Furthermore, the questionnaire categorized subjects into thirds of the distribution of intake with almost no gross misclassification. It is suggested that the present findings may be extended to the majority of normal, healthy elderly subjects, implying wide application for the questionnaire in the assessment of calcium intake in the elderly.     

The occurrence of antimicrobial substances in toilet,sink and shower drainpipes of clinical units: A neglected source of antibiotic residues

Antibiotics represent one of the most important drug groups used in the management of bacterial infections in humans and animals. Due to the increasing problem of antibiotic resistance, assurance of the antibacterial effectiveness of these substances has moved into the focus of public health. The reduction in antibiotic residues in wastewater and the environment may play a decisive role in the development of increasing rates of antibiotic resistance. The present study examines the wastewater of 31 patient rooms of various German clinics for possible residues of antibiotics, as well as the wastewater of five private households as a reference.To the best of our knowledge, this study shows for the first time that in hospitals with high antibiotic consumption rates, residues of these drugs can be regularly detected in toilets, sink siphons and shower drains at concentrations ranging from 0.02?μg·L^?1 to a maximum of 79?mg·L^?1. After complete flushing of the wastewater siphons, antibiotics are no longer detectable, but after temporal stagnation, the concentration of the active substances in the water phases of respective siphons increases again, suggesting that antibiotics persist through the washing process in biofilms. This study demonstrates that clinical wastewater systems offer further possibilities for the optimization of antibiotic resistance surveillance.     

Self-reported health problems among Swedish miners one year after unemployment

Unemployment is considered to be a public health concern sincedeterioration in the health of the unemployed is often anticipated.However, for some groups, such as miners, unemployment mightimprove health due to a cessation of potentially harmful occupationalexposures. This study evaluates the health of 79 miners in oneSwedish iron-ore mine, and 226 age-matched controls from thegeneral population, during one year after the closure of themine. The participants received a questionnaire regarding medicalhistory and subjective symptoms at the beginning of the studyperiod, and after one year. Statistically significant negativeeffects on self-reported health attributable to unemploymentwere not found, although neuropsychiatric symptoms were morecommon among the unemployed miners. The miners reported a statisticallysignificant improvement in grip force (p=0.031). They had asignificantly higher prevalence of symptoms associated withmining related exposures when compared with the population controls;pain in the upper extremities [relative risk (RR)=2.27, 95%confidence interval (Cl)=1.44–3.59), back pain (RR=1.84;Cl=1.237–2.75), vasospastic disease of the fingers (RR=2.05;Cl=1.18–3.57) and obstructive respiratory symptoms (attacksof dyspnea and wheezing: RR=3.67; Cl=1.167–11.6).     

Excès de cas humains et animaux de tularémie en France au cours de l’hiver 2007–2008 : émergence ou phénomène isolé ?

Context

Tularemia is a zoonosis affecting humans and hares in France. We describe the results of surveillance in both species, in 2007 and 2008.

Methods

Human tularemia cases are mandatorily notifiable in France since 2003. In hares, surveillance relies on volunteer hunter associations in all districts of the country. Data from mandatory reports and volunteer surveillance in 2007/2008 were analyzed and compared with previous results.

Results

In 2007/2008, 144 cases were reported in humans and 117 cases in hares. This was a 100% increase compared to previous years. Human cases differed from those of previous years only by the frequency of contact with breeding animals. Human cases without any documented risk exposure were also more frequent.

Conclusion

An increase of tularemia cases occurred in 2007/2008 in both species. Complementary studies are needed to identify the species reservoir in France to understand the causes of this peak of cases.     

Occupational health hazards in mining: an overview

This review article outlines the physical, chemical, biological, ergonomic and psychosocial occupational health hazards of mining and associated metallurgical processes. Mining remains an important industrial sector in many parts of the world and although substantial progress has been made in the control of occupational health hazards, there remains room for further risk reduction. This applies particularly to traumatic injury hazards, ergonomic hazards and noise. Vigilance is also required to ensure exposures to coal dust and crystalline silica remain effectively controlled.     

Manufacture and use of nanomaterials: current status in the UK and global trends

This paper provides an overview of the production and use of nanomaterials (NMs), particularly in the UK. Currently, relatively few companies in the UK are identifiable as NM manufacturers, the main emphasis being the bulk markets in metals and metal oxides, and some niche markets such as carbon nanotubes and quantum dots. NM manufacturing in the UK does not reflect the global emphasis on fullerenes, nanotubes and fibres. Some assumptions have been made about the types of NM that are likely to be imported into the UK, which currently include fullerenes, modified fullerenes and other carbon-based NMs including nanotubes. Many university departments, spin-offs and private companies have developed processes for the manufacture of NMs but may only be producing small quantities for research and development (R&D) purposes. However, some have the potential to scale up to produce large quantities. The nanotechnology industry in the UK has strong R&D backup from universities and related institutions. This review has covered R&D trends at such institutions, and appropriate information has been added to a searchable database. While several companies are including NMs in their products, only a few (e.g. manufacturers of paints, coatings, cosmetics, catalysts, polymer composites) are using nanoparticles (NPs) in any significant quantities. However, this situation is likely to change rapidly. There is a need to collect more information about exposure to NPs in both manufacturing and user scenarios. As the market grows, and as manufacturers switch from the micro- to the nanoscale, the potential for exposure will increase. More research is required to quantify any risks to workers and consumers.     

深圳公立医院管理体制改革制度设计

深圳公立医院管理体制改革实行政事分开、管办分开,在理事会架构下按法定机构模式组建市医管中心,落实公立医院运营管理自主权.作者从当前公立医院管理体制的弊端入手,介绍了深圳市进行公立医院管理体制改革的基本思路及改革方案设计的主要举措,深入剖析了的改革方案的特点,并对改革效果进行了预测.     

Effects of nitrogen dioxide on red blood cells of rats: Changes in components of red cell membranes during in vivo exposure to NO2

Red cell membranes, prepared from red blood cells of rats exposed to 4, 10, or 20 ppm nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) for 1 to 10 days, were examined for evidence of changes in membrane components. Appreciable changes were not found in contents of phospholipid and cholesterol during exposure to 10 ppm NO₂. By contrast, protein content altered with the time of exposure. Moreover, changes in protein composition were observed by employing sodium dodecyl sulfate — polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Twenty-four-hour exposure to NO₂ at the concentration above 10 ppm resulted in a marked increase in the percentage of lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LysoPE) to the total phospholipids. The prolonged exposure to 10 ppm NO₂ gave rise to a further increase in LysoPE, whereas the percentage of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) showed a gradual decrease. A 1-day exposure to 4.0 ppm NO₂ also caused an increase in sialic acid content and decreases in those of PE and hexose. In addition to contents of these components the percentage of LysoPE increased 5 days after exposure and the elevated values were maintained up to the end of exposure period. These results demonstrate that red blood cells in circulation exhibit different membrane properties in terms of lipid and carbohydrate composition during 10 days of exposure to 4.0 ppm NO₂.     

Investigating clusters in the workplace and beyond

Clusters of disease are common and occur in the workplace and in the general community. They often arouse considerable concern among the population. Investigations have sometimes lead to exciting new knowledge, but in general the investigation of clusters is difficult and often unrewarding, especially for community clusters. In the workplace, investigations are more likely to find associations and even new causes, but still many clusters remain enigmatic. Despite this, there are many reasons for investigating clusters, including allaying community concern and identifying uncontrolled exposures. A structure for investigating clusters in the workplace is suggested.