男性吸烟烟龄和吸烟量与骨密度关系

目的探讨男性吸烟与骨密度关系。方法用DXA仪测定腰椎及髋部BMD。结果 (1)除腰椎侧位BMD外,吸烟组正位总体、髋部总体、股骨颈及Ward’s区BMD显著低于非吸烟组。(2)校正年龄与BMI后,烟龄与腰椎正位、髋部总体、股骨颈及Ward’s区BMD均呈显著负相关(P0.05)。每日吸烟量与腰椎正位及Ward’s区BMD呈显著负相关(P0.05)。结论男性吸烟者BMD下降;吸烟是骨质疏松症(OP)的一个危险因素;预防OP应提倡戒烟。     

南昌地区成年男性骨密度现状及与吸烟关系的研究

目的 调查南昌地区健康成年男性骨密度,探讨吸烟与骨密度的关系.方法 采用法国MEDILINK公司生产的型号为OSTEOCORE2双能X线骨密度仪测量548例南昌地区健康成年男性正位腰椎(L2～L4)、左侧股骨颈及左前臂BMD,分析不同年龄组BMD及骨质疏松患病率变化.并根据吸烟指数进行分组,分析BMD与吸烟指数关系.结果 正位腰椎、股骨颈、前臂BMD峰值均出现在30～39岁年龄段,而后随年龄增加而下降,50岁以后降低更明显,骨质疏松患病率均随年龄增加而增加.吸烟指数与正位腰椎BMD呈负相关(r=-0.472,P＜0.01),与股骨颈、前臂BMD呈弱负相关(r值分别为-0.163和-0.135,P均＜0.05).结论 南昌地区男性BMD峰值出现在30～39岁年龄段,而后随年龄增加BMD下降,骨质疏松患病率增加.吸烟是骨质疏松的危险因素,为预防骨质疏松应尽早戒烟.     

吸烟对男性骨密度影响的研究

吸烟不仅可导致人体心肺等脏器的损害,而且与骨质疏松关系密切,并增加骨质疏松性骨折的危险性。本研究对来自本院健康体检无症状吸烟的中青年男性进行骨密度检测分析研究,探讨骨密度改变与男性吸烟的关系。1对象与方法     

男性吸烟与骨密度及骨生化指标关系

目的探讨男性吸烟与骨密度及骨生化指标关系。方法用DXA仪测定腰椎及髋部骨密（BMD），用ELISA测定389例20～80岁健康男性血清骨特异性碱性磷酸酶（sBAP）和I型胶原氨基末端肽（sNTX）。结果（1）各部位BMD均在20岁～年龄组最高，30岁之后随年龄增加而缓慢下降；40—60岁各年龄组之间的BMD差异无统计学意义。（2）除腰椎侧位BMD外，吸烟组其它各部位BMD显著低于非吸烟组；吸烟组的BAP显著高于非吸烟组，2组之间的sNTX差异无统计学意义。（3）校正年龄与BMI后，烟龄与腰椎正位，髋部总体，股骨颈及ward＇s区BMD均呈负相关（P〈0．05）。每日吸烟量与腰椎正位及Ward＇s区BMD呈负相关（P〈0．05）。结论男性随年龄增长骨量丢失。男性吸烟者骨生化指标与骨转换水平增高，骨量丢失加速。吸烟等生活方式增高骨转换水平，影响骨转换的增龄性变化并加速骨量的丢失。吸烟是骨质疏松的一个危险因素。预防骨质疏松症（OP）应提倡戒烟。     

某校理工类男性国防生吸烟状况及其社会心理因素

目的探讨国防生吸烟情况及其社会心理因素,为学校控制国防生吸烟提供科学依据。方法对某校理工类360名男性国防生的吸烟情况进行调查,应用Logistic逐步回归分析法筛选吸烟影响因素。结果理工类男性国防生吸烟率33.76%,应酬是吸烟的主要原因,占37.26%。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,父母吸烟(OR=1.833,95%CI为1.934～3.612)、教师教官吸烟(OR=1.376,95%CI为1.083～3.547)、同学朋友吸烟(OR=3.642,95%CI为1.072～4.381)、同学朋友聚会(OR=2.558,95%CI为1.107～4.097)、月生活费用(OR=3.071,95%CI为1.876～4.225)、吸烟态度(OR=2.512,95%CI为1.811～3.432)与吸烟有关,同学朋友吸烟影响最大。结论国防生吸烟率较高,学校应积极开展戒烟宣传与心理健康教育,加强吸烟行为的干预和控制。     

中国成人吸烟与骨密度相关性的Meta分析

摘要:目的　探讨吸烟是否影响中国成人骨密度（BMD）。方法　检索研究中国成人吸烟与骨密度关系的文献,采用Meta分析方法进行分析。结果　11篇文献共5122名观察对象纳入分析:吸烟者腰椎、股骨颈及Ward's区BMD低于非吸烟者,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.0001）;亚组分析显示男性与女性吸烟者的股骨颈BMD低于非吸烟者,50岁及以上吸烟者股骨颈BMD低于非吸烟者,生态学与病例-对照亚组吸烟者的股骨颈BMD低于非吸烟者,病例-对照亚组吸烟者的腰椎BMD低于非吸烟者,以上差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.0001）。结论　吸烟与中国人群的腰椎、股骨颈和Ward's区的骨密度降低相关,特别是50岁及以上的成人,同时,吸烟女性的股骨颈骨密度比男性降低更显著。     

男性渔民吸烟、饮酒与高脂血症的关系

高脂血症是当前影响人群身体健康的高发疾病 ,和其它许多疾病一样 ,其发生发展是遗传和环境因素综合作用的结果。吸烟及饮酒是重要的环境影响因素。本文采用现况调查结合病例对照研究的方法 ,以海岛男性渔民为研究对象 ,对吸烟、饮酒与高脂血症的关系进行调查。结果报告如下。1　对象与方法1 1　研究对象　本次研究现场为浙江省舟山市普陀区蚂蚁岛 ,采用随机数字表的抽样方法 ,从 3代以上 3 95个父系家系中抽取 40个家系中 ,年龄 >16岁男性渔民 115人为研究对象。1 2　病例与对照的确定　对上述 115名研究对象进行早晨空腹抽血检查 ,参照诊…     

广州市海珠区男性居民吸烟与4种慢性病关系的研究

为了解社区居民吸烟与慢性病的现况及关系 ,我们于 2 0 0 2年 3～ 6月对广州市海珠区社区男性居民进行了抽样调查。1　对象与方法1.1　研究对象　满 16周岁在广州海珠区居住 1年以上的男性居民。1.2　调查方法与内容　在海珠区 3个社区总人口为 16 .3万中 ,选取≥ 16周岁男性进行整群抽样。对入选的研究对象由经培训合格的工作人员入户询问 ,填写调查表 ,并进行质量控制。调查内容包括一般情况、吸烟、饮酒等行为和生活方式状况、4种慢性病 (高血压、糖尿病、冠心病、脑卒中 )患病情况。1.3　吸烟等变量定义　吸烟是指每天都吸烟 ,连续 1年…     

美国男性医师中糖尿病发生率与吸烟的关系

目的　确定吸烟与Ⅱ型糖尿病发生率之间的关系。方法　对2 1 0 6 8名年龄在4 0～84岁间的美国男性医师进行研究,在研究前这些医师均未患过糖尿病、心血管疾病和癌症。结果　在追踪的2 55830人1年期间,新增770例Ⅱ型糖尿病患者。吸烟者发展成Ⅱ型糖尿病的剂量 依赖性危险增加:与不吸烟者相比,目前每天吸烟≥2 0支者年龄调整后的相对危险是2 1 ( 95%CI 1 7～2 6 ) ,每日吸烟<2 0支者为1 4 ( 95%CI1 0～2 0 ) ,已往吸烟者为1 2 ( 95%CI 1 0～1 4 )。对体重指数、体力及其他危险因素等多变量调整后,相对危险分别是每日吸烟≥2 0支者…     

武汉地区男性铁路机车驾驶员1040例骨密度测定及骨质疏松患病率分析

为研究我国不同职业人群的骨骼生长发育和衰老的基本规律及其骨质疏松症 (OP)的患病情况以及工作环境对骨密度(BMD)的影响 ,我们于 1999年 9月至 2 0 0 2年 1月对武汉地区铁路男性机车驾驶员 10 4 0人进行了双能X线骨密度的调查 ,从而明确了该职业男性的不同年龄、不同部位的峰值BMD和OP的患病率 ,以及电磁场工作环境对BMD的影响。1.对象与方法 :受试者 10 4 0人均为武汉地区铁路男性机车驾驶员 ,年龄最小 2 0岁 ,最大 6 2岁 ;6 5 2人为铁路电力机车驾驶员 ,388人为内燃机车驾驶员 ,驾龄均在 3年以上 ;所有调查对象均按 5岁为一年龄段…     

The relationship between the bone mineral density and urinary cadmium concentration of residents in an industrial complex

Background

An association between cadmium exposure and bone mineral density (BMD) has been demonstrated in elderly women, but has not been well studied in youths and men. Some studies report either no or a weak association between cadmium exposure and bone damage.

Objectives

This study was designed to investigate the relationship between the urinary cadmium (U-Cd) levels and BMD of females and males of all ages.

Methods

A total of 804 residents near an industrial complex were surveyed in 2007. U-Cd and BMD on the heel (non-dominant calcaneus) were analyzed with AAS-GTA and Dual-Energy X-ray absorptiometry, respectively. Demographic characteristics were collected by structured questionnaires. Osteoporosis and osteopenia were defined by BMD cut-off values and T-scores set by the WHO; T score>−1, normal; −2.5<T score <−1, osteopenia; and T score <−2.5, osteoporosis. Logistic and multiple linear regressions were applied to estimate the association between U-Cd levels and BMD.

Results

The U-Cd levels in females (0.64 μg/g creatinine) were higher than those in males (0.48 μg/g creatinine) (p<0.001). With the logistic regression model, osteopenia was associated with high U-Cd levels (≥1.0 μg/g creatinine) in females (OR=2.92; 95% CI, 1.51–5.64) and in males (OR=3.37; 95% CI, 1.09–10.38). With the multiple linear regression model, the BMD of the adult group was negatively associated with U-Cd (<0.05), gender (female, p<0.001) and age (p<0.001). The BMD of participants who were ≤19 years of age was negatively associated with gender (female, p<0.01), whereas it was positively associated with age and BMI (p<0.001). BMD was not associated with exercise, smoking habits, alcohol consumption, job or parental education.

Conclusion

Results suggested that U-Cd might be associated with osteopenia as well as osteoporosis in both male and female adults. Age and female gender were negatively associated with BMD in the adult group, whereas age was positively associated with BMD in the youth group. Cadmium exposure may be a potential risk factor for lower-BMD and osteopenia symptoms as well as for osteoporosis symptoms.     

某些血、尿生化指标与妇女骨密度的关系

目的探讨某些血尿生化指标与健康妇女骨密度的关系。方法用单光子骨密度仪测定妇女非优势侧前臂桡骨远端1／10处及中下1／3处骨密度,并测定了空腹10小时后的清晨2小时尿钙（Ca）、尿羟脯氨酸（Hyp）,尿肌酐（Cr）及血清碱性磷酸酶（AKP）含量。结果血清AKP、尿Hyp／Cr随增龄而增加,绝经后更明显,且均与骨密度呈明显负相关。尿Ca／Cr亦随增龄而增加,绝经后更为明显,但与骨密度无明显相关。结论血清AKP、空腹尿Hyp／Cr可作为反映骨转换状态的指标。     

成都市中老年人指骨骨密度现况调查及影响因素分析

目的 了解成都市中老年人骨密度水平现状,并分析其影响因素.方法 随机抽样选取四川省人民医院体检中心健康体检人群共1954例.采用问卷调查收集人口学资料、慢性病史、饮食、运动等情况,现场测量指骨骨密度.结果 随着年龄增长,骨密度水平明显下降,且同年龄段的女性骨密度水平低于男性(P<0.05).男性年龄>65岁、女性年龄>...     

Risk factors for low bone mineral density among a large group of Norwegian women with fractures

The objectives of this study were to determine factors related to fractures and bone mineral density (BMD) in a large group of Norwegian women. In a cross-sectional study, 3803 women aged 50–75, all with a history of fractures, were included in the study. BMD was measured with Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry at both hip (neck) and spine (L1–L4), while information on other factors thought to influence BMD were obtained through a questionnaire. In multivariate analysis, the strongest positive predictor of both hip and spine BMD was current body weight, while weight loss since the age of 25 and number of years since menopause were the strongest inverse predictors. In addition, use of cortisone and maternal history of fractures were associated with lower BMD, as was loss of height since the age of 25. Physical activity was positively correlated with BMD. These results show the complexity of factors involved in the etiology of osteoporosis, with several factors acting in synergism. This points to the need for multifactorial prevention strategies, which most effectively need to be instituted at an early age, before peak bone mass is achieved.     

Association between lifestyle habits and bone mineral density in Japanese juveniles

Objectives

We explored the relationship between bone mineral density (BMD) and lifestyle in juveniles to identify factors leading to higher peak bone mass and prevention of osteoporosis in later life.

Methods

Juveniles (1,364 students: 770 boys and 594 girls, aged 6–18 years) attending school in Hokkaido prefecture, Japan, were asked to complete a brief self-administered diet history questionnaire for 10-year-olds (BDHQ10y) providing information about personal history, lifestyle, and intake of nutritional elements. In addition, BMD and grip strength were measured. We analyzed the relationship between BMD and lifestyle factors.

Results

The difference in BMD for boys was larger among the junior and senior high school groups. The difference in BMD for girls was larger among older elementary and later school children. Anthropometric variables and grip strength were strongly correlated with BMD. Having a nap-time routine was significantly correlated with BMD, but sleep time and sports club activities were not. BMD among juveniles who attained secondary sexual characteristics was significantly higher than that of juveniles of the same age who had not attained these characteristics. Calcium intake was significantly lower in senior high school students compared with other grades. Consumption of milk by senior high school boys and junior high school girls was weakly correlated with BMD.

Conclusions

Our findings encourage educational interventions to counsel students to avoid weight loss and calcium deficiency. This effective intervention should begin before the higher elementary school, when juveniles have the greatest likelihood for preventing lower peak bone mass and osteoporosis.     

中老年女性骨密度和骨代谢生化指标关系的研究

目的了解中老年女性骨密度和骨代谢生化指标随年龄变化的特点,分析骨代谢生化指标在骨质疏松症早期诊断中的价值。方法测定162例中老年女性腰椎正位骨密度,同时检测所有受检者空腹血清骨钙素、血清碱性磷酸酶及晨尿吡啶啉,尿吡啶啉用肌酐校正。按年龄段和不同骨密度组对骨代谢生化指标值分别进行统计分析。结果骨质疏松在中老年女性中普遍存在,发病率很高,达51.2%。骨代谢指标按年龄分析,中老年女性骨钙素和尿吡啶啉/肌酐在50~69岁时明显升高。70岁以后又趋于下降。而血清碱性磷酸酶各年龄段无显著性差异。按骨密度分析,中老年女性骨质疏松组和骨量减低组的骨钙素和尿吡啶啉/肌酐均明显高于正常组。而骨质疏松组和骨量减低组的骨钙素和尿吡啶啉/肌酐值无显著性差异。各骨密度组的血清碱性磷酸酶无显著性差异。结论骨质疏松症是1种危害极大的疾病,在中老年女性中患病率很高,因此早期诊断尤为重要。血清骨钙素、尿吡啶啉/肌酐分别是反映骨形成和骨吸收特异性和敏感性较高的指标,有助于原发性骨质疏松症的早期诊断。     

Influence of smoking and oral contraceptives on bone mineral density and bone remodeling in young women: a 2-year study

The objective of the study was to explore the influence of menstrual irregularities, oral contraceptives and smoking on bone mineral density (BMD) development and bone turnover with time. Healthy young women (n = 118) were divided into four categories: (a) women neither smoking nor using oral contraceptives; (b) women who were smokers; (c) women using oral contraceptives; (d) women who were smoking and using oral contraceptives. They responded to a validated questionnaire with 34 questions concerning lifestyle and the Sense of Coherence scale (SOC). BMD was measured by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Deoxypyridinoline (DPD) was measured in urine. Data were analyzed by multiple linear regression analysis. Among smokers, BMD level decreased during a 2-year period and smoking was associated with a larger negative change in BMD. Use of oral contraceptives moderated the negative impact of smoking. Women using oral contraceptives at baseline and with regular bleeding induced by contraceptive pills had a significantly higher BMD at baseline and at follow-up. They also had lower SOC than women who had natural regular bleedings. Use of oral contraceptives in combination with smoking was linked to high alcohol consumption and higher frequency of self-reported body weight reduction, which reduced the negative BMD change in this category. DPD level and difference were strongly associated with estrogen influence. It is concluded that smokers without OCs had a negative BMD development and BMD in young women with irregular menstruations seems to be improved by OC.