血清t-PA和PAI-1水平在腹腔镜手术中的临床意义

目的:探讨腹腔镜与开腹手术中血浆纤维蛋白溶酶的变化。方法:在腹腔镜与开腹手术前、术后8h分别测量血浆中组织型纤溶酶原激活物(Tissue-type p lasm inogen activator,t-PA),纤溶酶原激活物抑制物-1(P lasm inogen activator inh ib itortype-1,PAI-1)浓度。结果:血浆t-PA浓度在腹腔镜手术和传统腹部手术两组病例术后均下降,但在传统腹部手术组下降更显著(P<0.05),而血浆PAI-1浓度在腹腔镜手术和传统腹部手术两组病例术后均升高,但在传统腹部手术组升高更显著(P<0.05)。结论:本次临床研究结果表明:腹腔镜手术组术前、术后血浆中t-PA、PAI-1浓度的变化小于传统腹部手术组,腹腔镜手术组引起腹腔粘连严重程度也低于传统腹部手术组。     

探讨高血压患者治疗前后纤溶状态及胰岛素水平变化的临床意义

目的了解高血压患者经恰那林治疗前后纤溶及胰岛素抵抗水平，对二者与高血压疾病的关系进行初步探讨。方法采用ELISA、发色底物法以及RIA方法分别检测高血压患者治疗前后血浆纤溶酶原激活物（t-PA）、纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂1（PAI-1）含量、活性及胰岛素水平的变化。结果与治疗前比较高血压治疗后t-PA和PAI-1水平均有下降趋势，t-PA活性上升，PAI-1活性下降，胰岛素水平降低，差异均有统计学意义（均P〈0．05）。结论部分高血压患者常有胰岛素水平的增高并伴随PAI-1活性增高。提示在这些高血压患者治疗中应重视对高胰岛素血症的控制。     

组织纤溶酶原激活物和纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂-1与腹腔镜手术的关系

组织纤溶酶原激活物（t-PA）和纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂-1（PAI-1）是纤溶系统的重要组成部分,传统开腹手术,t-PA与PAI-1之间的平衡被打破,导致术后腹腔粘连及血栓形成.腹腔镜手术对人体创伤小,对腹膜刺激少,因此,对t-PA和PAI-1之间的平衡影响减小,术后粘连及血栓形成的发生率及程度也随之降低.本文综述了t-PA和PAI-1与腹腔镜手术方面的研究进展.     

赛百粉针对难治性肾病综合征凝血/纤溶系统的影响

目的:探讨赛百粉针对难治性肾病综合征(RNS)凝血/纤溶系统的影响.方法:30例RNS随机分为治疗组与对照组,在常规治疗基础上,治疗组加用纤溶酶制剂赛百粉针,对照组加用低分子肝素钙速碧林注射液,比较两组治疗前后24 h尿蛋白、组织型纤溶酶原激活物(t-PA)、纤溶酶原激活物抑制物1(PAI-1)活性及血浆纤维蛋白原(Fib),D-二聚体(D-D)、纤溶酶原(PLG)含量、部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)、凝血酶原时间(PT)的变化.结果:治疗1个疗程后,治疗组与对照组尿蛋白均显著下降(P≤0.001),两组间治疗前、后比较均无差异(P＞0.05);t-PA、PLG治疗前治疗组与对照组均较健康组明显下降(P＜0.005),PAI-1、D-D、Fib明显升高(P≤0.000),PT、APTT显著缩短(P≤0.000),两组间比较均无差异(P＞0.05).t-PA、PLG治疗后治疗组与对照组均较治疗前显著升高(P＜0.05),PAI-1、Fib、D-D显著下降(P≤0.005),除t-PA对照组升高更显著(P=0.018),PAI-1两组比较无统计学差异外(P＞0.05),D-D、Fib、PLG治疗组变化较对照组更显著(P≤0.005).治疗后两组PT延长均无统计学意义(P＞0.05),APTT对照组显著延长(P=0.021),治疗组无显著延长(P=0.155).结论:赛百粉针能显著改善RNS凝血/纤溶异常,减少蛋白尿,有助于RNS的缓解.     

前交叉韧带损伤后尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活物形成变化的实验研究

[目的]探讨前交叉韧带损伤后尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活物形成变化。[方法]20只新西兰兔一期建立单侧前交叉韧带损伤模型。损伤术前、术后2、4和8周时采用ELISA检测血浆中尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活物含量变化。损伤术后8周时采用HE染色和免疫组织化学检测关节内组织病理变化和尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活物表达情况。[结果]前交叉韧带损伤后血浆尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活物含量变化明显,术后2周时尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活物含量显著增高(P<0.05)。术后8周时组织学检测显示滑膜、软骨和前交叉韧带呈病理改变,组织内尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活物广泛表达、阳性细胞数量增多(P<0.01)。[结论]前交叉韧带损伤后关节腔内多种组织尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活物表达异常,血浆尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活物含量变化明显。     

组织纤溶酶原激活物和纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂-1与腹腔镜手术的关系

组织纤溶酶原激活物(t-PA)和纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂-1(PA I-1)是纤溶系统的重要组成部分,传统开腹手术,t-PA与PA I-1之间的平衡被打破,导致术后腹腔粘连及血栓形成。腹腔镜手术对人体创伤小,对腹膜刺激少,因此,对t-PA和PA I-1之间的平衡影响减小,术后粘连及血栓形成的发生率及程度也随之降低。本文综述了t-PA和PA I-1与腹腔镜手术方面的研究进展。     

腹腔镜结直肠癌手术对腹膜微结构损伤和纤维溶解分子表达的影响

目的 探讨腹腔镜结直肠癌根治术对腹膜微结构损伤和腹膜纤维溶解分子表达的影响.方法 前瞻性纳入2011年6月至2012年2月间山西省人民医院收治的50例结直肠癌患者,根据患者意愿和医生决策分为腹腔镜组(27例)和开腹组(23例).分别在光镜和电镜下观察术后腹膜微结构损伤程度;采用ELISA法比较手术前后腹膜组织型纤溶酶原激活物t-PA和纤溶酶原激活物抑制因子1(PAI-1)水平的改变.结果 术后标本光镜和电镜观察显示,开腹组肠管浆膜完整性受损、系膜脂肪细胞与间皮细胞覆盖脱失、炎性细胞聚集程度较腹腔镜组严重,两组损伤评分比较的总平均秩次分别为38.22和14.67,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).术后网膜组织t-PA、肠管浆膜组织t-PA及PAI-1水平的差异均无统计学意义(均P＞0.05);但腹腔镜组网膜组织中PAI-1水平显著低于开腹组(P＜0.05).结论 相对于开腹手术,腹腔镜结直肠癌根治术腹膜损伤程度较轻,对腹膜纤溶功能的影响较小,有利于防止肠粘连的形成.     

非酒精性脂肪性肝病大鼠肝脏纤溶酶原激活物及其抑制物mRNA表达

目的探讨非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD)大鼠肝脏组织型纤溶酶原激活物(t-PA)及纤溶酶原激活物抑制物-1(PAI-1)基因表达及其意义.方法高脂饮食建立SD大鼠NAFLD模型,分批于造模第8、12、16、24周处死,同期设普通饮食喂养大鼠作对照.通过H-E染色和苦味酸VG染色观察肝组织学改变,应用RT-PCR对肝脏t-PA和PAI-1 mRNA的表达进行相对定量分析.结果模型组大鼠于实验8、12、24周分别形成单纯性脂肪肝、脂肪性肝炎以及脂肪性肝炎并肝纤维化.与对照组相比,模型组大鼠肝脏PAI-1 mRNA表达随造模时间延长而增强,于实验24周达高峰(1.02&#177;0.11比0.51&#177;0.09,P&lt;0.01),并与其肝脂肪变及肝组织学损伤程度呈正相关(r分别为0.492和0.372, P分别&lt;0.01和&lt;0.05).肝脏t-PA mRNA表达随造模时间延长而逐渐减少,于实验24周降至最低(0.89&#177;0.11比1.62&#177;0.10,P&lt;0.01),但其仅与肝组织学损伤程度总积分呈负相关(r=-0.368, P&lt;0.05).结论高脂饮食大鼠肝脏PAI-1及t-PA基因表达改变可能参与NAFLD的发病.     

结肠癌患者凝血与纤溶分子标志物的检测及其临床意义

目的:探讨结肠癌患者凝血与纤溶分子标志物的变化与肿瘤分期、分化程度及转移的关系.方法:结肠癌患者组125例,按Dukes分期分为A+B期组(58例)、C+D期组(67例);按分化程度分为低分化+未分化组(40例)、高分化+中分化组(85例).正常对照组54例.取空腹外周静脉血,测定血浆组织因子(TF)、凝血酶-抗凝血酶Ⅲ复合物(TAT)、组织型纤溶酶原激活物(t-PA)、凝血酶原激活物抑制物(PAl-1).结果:结肠癌患者组TF、TAT、t-PA、PAl-1水平较正常对照组明显增加(P<0.01).C+D期组和低未分化组患者血浆TF、TAT、t-PA、PAl-1水平分别高于A+B期组和高中分化组(P<0.01).结论:结肠癌患者存在明显的凝血及纤溶机制异常,且其变化与病情发展及预后有关,监测患者TF、TAT、t-PA、PAl-1水平可能成为预防血栓形成及慢性DIC等凝血性疾病的有效措施.     

葛根素联合丹参对急性脑梗死患者血管内皮功能的影响

目的 探讨葛根素注射液联合丹参对急性脑梗死患者血浆组织型纤溶酶原激活物(t-PA)、组织型纤溶酶原抑制物(PAI)、一氧化氮(NO)、内皮素(ET)的影响。方法 用丹参(对照组)和葛根素联合丹参(治疗组)分别治疗急性脑梗死患者各30例，连续2周，观察2组患者的t-PA、PAI、NO和ET的变化。结果 葛根素联合丹参治疗2周后，治疗组较对照组t-PA、NO水平上升，PAI、ET水平下降。结论 葛根素注射液可通过扩张心脑血管、舒张血管平滑肌、抗血小板聚集等机制，调节NO、ET、t-PA、PAI代谢失衡状况，提示葛根素具有良好保护血管内皮，改善血管内皮功能的作用。     

PAI－1、t-PA、u—PA、u—PAR在支气管哮喘患者诱导痰中的表达及意义

目的探讨纤维蛋白溶解酶原激活物抑制剂（PAI）－1、组织型纤维蛋白溶解酶原激活物（t—PA）、尿激酶型纤维蛋白溶解酶原激活物（u－PA）及其受体（u－PAR）在支气管哮喘（简称哮喘）患者诱导痰中的表达及意义。方法用ELISA法分别检测29例哮喘急性发作者（发作组）、26例缓解者（缓解组）及15例健康对照者（对照组）诱导痰中PAI－1、t-PA、u—PA和u－PAR的含量,同期测定肺功能（第1秒用力呼气容积占预计值百分比,FEV,％pred）,并进行比较。结果发作组和缓解组诱导痰PAI－1、u—PAR含量[分别为（23．32±2t．64）、（0．766±0．272）μg／L和（17．23±9．40）、（0．700±0．271）μg／L]较对照组[（5．99±5．04）、（O．516±0．197）μg／L3均明显升高（P〈0．05）。而三组诱导痰u—PA、t-PA含量[分别为（O．287±0．235）、（7．68±3．46）μg／L,（0．251±0．276）、（9．88±4．68）μg／L,（0．239±0．322）、（10．35±7．47）μg／L]比较差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。缓解组诱导痰PAI-1与FEV1 % pred呈负相关（r=-0．756,P〈0．01）。缓解组诱导痰PAI-1与病程呈正相关（r=0．454,P〈0．05）。结论PAI-1、u-PAR参与了哮喘气道慢性炎性反应的病理生理过程。     

多囊卵巢综合征患者血纤溶能力的研究

目的了解多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)患者的血纤溶能力及服用二甲双胍后血纤溶能力的变化。方法(1)对照组20例、PCOS患者30例,分别取血检测组织纤溶酶原激活物(t-PA)、纤溶酶原激活抑制物(PAI-1)的活性;(2)PCOS高胰岛素血症者10例,分别给予二甲双胍750~1 500 mg/d治疗,比较治疗前、后t-PA、PAI-1活性。结果PCOS组的血胰岛素(INS)、游离睾酮(F-T)t、-PA、PAI-1分别为(24.42±12.30)mU/L(、2.70±1.50)ng/L、(0.17±0.06)KU/L(、0.88±0.05)AU/ml,对照组分别为(10.04±6.12)mU/L(、1.70±1.00)ng/L(、0.28±0.04)KU/L、(0.70±0.09)AU/ml。10例PCOS患者经二甲双胍治疗后INS、F-Tt、-PA、PAI-1分别为(12.20±7.78)mU/L、(1.70±1.00)ng/L、(0.26±0.08)KU/L、(0.70±0.35)AU/ml。结论PCOS患者的血纤溶能力低于正常者,而服用二甲双胍后血纤溶能力明显改善。     

Enhanced expression of plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 in patients with nephrotic syndrome

Hypercoagulability is present in patients with nephrotic syndrome. However, alterations in coagulation and fibrinolysis reflected in the glomeruli and urine are not fully understood. We examined plasma and urine concentrations of tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) and type 1 plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1) in 33 patients with nephrotic syndrome (nephrotic group). We compared these concentrations with the concentrations in 30 nonnephrotic patients with chronic glomerulonephritis (nonnephrotic group) and with the concentrations in 30 healthy volunteers (control group). We also examined fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products in serum and urine and plasma D-dimers. The expression of tPA and PAI-1 was examined in isolated glomeruli using RT-PCR methods. Deposition of fibrinogen/fibrin-related antigen was observed by direct immunofluorescence. The incidence of fibrinogen/fibrin-related antigen deposition in the nephrotic group was significantly higher than that in the nonnephrotic group. The concentrations of fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products in serum and urine and of plasma D-dimers were significantly elevated in the nephrotic group as compared with the nonnephrotic and control groups. The plasma concentrations of tPA in the nephrotic group were significantly higher than those in the control group. The urinary excretion of tPA in the nephrotic group was also significantly higher than in the nonnephrotic and control groups. The urinary excretion of PAI-1 in the nephrotic group was higher than that in the control group. The ratio of PAI-1 mRNA to tPA mRNA in glomeruli was increased in the nephrotic group as compared with the nonnephrotic group. These results indicate that the fibrinolytic activity is increased in patients with nephrotic syndrome despite urinary losses of tPA. However, a relatively enhanced expression of PAI-1 may be involved in the intraglomerular fibrinogen/fibrin-related antigen deposition seen in nephrotic syndrome.     

银杏叶提取物治疗实验性肾病综合征的实验研究

目的:观察银杏叶提取物761(EGB761)对实验性肾病综合征的疗效,并探讨其可能机制.方法:实验大鼠复制成阿霉素(ADR)肾病(NS)模型,分为正常组、模型组、模型 EGB761组(EGB761组).结果:(1)EGB761组尿蛋白量下降幅度显著高于模型组(P＜0.05).(2)实验8周末,EGB761组血清总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(Alb)升高幅度显著高于模型组(P＜0.05);EGB761组血清总胆固醇(TC)、总甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)下降水平均显著高于模型组(P＜0.05).(3)模型组血清总超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)显著低于正常组;丙二醛(MDA)显著高于正常组(P＜0.05);EGB761组总SOD升高水平及MDA下降水平均显著高于模型组.(4)24 h尿蛋白量与血清总SOD呈直线负相关,r=-0.923(P＜0.01);24 h尿蛋白量与血清MDA呈直线正相关,r=0.774(P＜0.01).结论:EGB761能显著改善NS大鼠临床指标,其减轻尿蛋白的作用与清除氧自由基、降血脂有关.     

Effect of dextran on plasma tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1(PAI-1) during surgery

Dextran is known to increase the plasminogen activation rate in vitro and to decrease the α₂-antiplasmin activity.
We decided to explore the effect of dextran on plasma tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1(PAI-1) during surgical trauma.
Thirty-one patients undergoing elective surgery were given 500 ml of 6% dextran 70. Another nine patients serving as controls were given 500 ml of a glucose-electrolyte solution. The activities of t-PA and PAI-1during surgery were determined, as was the concentration of t-PA antigen.
PAI-1activity was decreased by 19% after infusion of 250 ml of dextran. After 500 ml, the activity was reduced by 22% (both P <0.05). The activity of t-PA was increased by 43% and 29% (both P <0.05) and the antigenic amount of t-PA was increased by 18% and 15% (both P <0.05) after infusion of 250 ml and 500 ml of dextran, respectively. No changes in these variables were observed in the control patients.
It is concluded that infusion of dextran promotes fibrinolysis by enhancing plasminogen activation in patients subjected to trauma. Since elevated levels of PAI-1prior to surgery are known to predispose to deep vein thrombosis, which may form already during the operation, the effect of dextran on PAI-1described here may explain its clot preventing properties.     

The efficiency of intraperitoneal high-dose immunoglobulin in experimental nephrotic syndrome

Although it has been reported that high-dose immunoglobulin has beneficial effects in chronic glomerulonephritis, it is not known whether it is effective in the treatment of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome. We have investigated the effects of intraperitoneal immunoglobulin in adriamycin-induced nephrotic syndrome. Adriamycin (2 mg kg^–1 per dose) was given intravenously to sixteen Wistar albino rats (eight control and eight treatment rats) on day 1 and at week 3. At week 5 intraperitoneal immunoglobulin (1 g kg^–1 per dose) was given to the treatment group on two consecutive days whereas the control group received intraperitoneal saline solution. In both treatment and control groups urinary protein excretion was significantly elevated after administration of adriamycin (P=0.018). Urinary protein excretion, serum albumin, and triglyceride levels in the two groups were not significantly different after 5, 8, 12, and 16 weeks. Serum creatinine levels were higher and creatinine clearance was significantly lower in the control group in week 16 (P=0.001 and P=0.049, respectively). Glomerular sclerosis index was significantly lower in the treatment group (P=0.012). Although intraperitoneal high-dose immunoglobulin did not reverse biochemical results, it is encouraging that glomerular sclerosis index was significantly lower in the treatment group.     

萝卜硫素对肾病综合征大鼠肾脏损伤保护的机制研究

目的研究萝卜硫素对肾病综合征大鼠肾脏损伤的保护作用及其对一氧化氮合酶表达的影响。方法采用5 mg/kg阿霉素诱导肾病综合征大鼠模型,将大鼠分为对照组、模型组、萝卜硫素组及阳性药物组,30 mg/kg萝卜硫素和6 mg/kg阳性药物贝那普利分别灌胃治疗大鼠6周,HE染色检测肾脏组织病理学变化,BCA法检测24 h尿蛋白量,ELISA法检测了血浆白蛋白水平,分光光度法测定尿液NO含量;Western blot法检测肾组织内皮型一氧化氮合酶(eNOS)、诱导型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)和神经型一氧化氮合酶(nNOS)的表达。结果相对于对照组大鼠,模型组大鼠24 h尿蛋白量明显升高(P<0.05),血浆白蛋白明显降低(P<0.05),肾脏病理损伤严重,尿液中NO含量显著降低(P<0.05),eNOS、iNOS及nNOS酶表达水平亦显著降低(P<0.05);相比于模型组大鼠,萝卜硫素和阳性药物治疗组大鼠24 h尿蛋白量明显降低(P<0.05),血浆白蛋白明显升高(P<0.05),肾脏病理损伤明显改善,尿液中NO含量显著升高(P<0.05),eNOS、iNOS及nNOS酶表达水平亦显著增高(P<0.05)。结论萝卜硫素能够诱导肾病综合征大鼠eNOS、iNOS及nNOS的表达,提升大鼠体内NO水平,降低尿蛋白含量,改善肾脏损伤程度。     

Effects of uPA on mesangial matrix changes in the kidney of diabetic rats

Objective: To investigate the effect of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) on mesangial matrix in the kidney of diabetic rats and its related mechanisms. Methods: Diabetic Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) were randomly and evenly divided into two groups: DM?+?vehicle, and DM?+?uPA (2500?U?kg^?1 uPA via tail vein once a day for four weeks). The normal SD rats without diabetes were considered as control group. Rats in the three groups were executed and the heart blood was sampled for determination of blood glucose and serum creatinine. Meanwhile, kidney tissues of rats were also harvest for measurement of glomerular area, volume, and mesangial area by periodic acid silver methenamine (PASA) staining. The expression of urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), and collagen IV in renal tissues was tested with immunohistochemistry. Results: Compared with control, the DM rats had obvious albuminuria, significantly (p?<?0.01) increased glomerular volume and mesangial matrix area, and significantly (p?<?0.05) higher expression of uPAR, PAI-1 and collagen IV in mesangial matrix, significantly up-regulated (p?<?0.05) glomerular uPAR, PAI-1, and collagen IV expression. After treated with uPA, the diabetic rats had significantly (p?<?0.05) reduced albuminuria, significantly (p?<?0.01) improved glomerular volume and mesangial matrix, significantly (p?<?0.05) down-regulated PAI-1 and collagen IV expression in mesangial matrix. However, the uPAR expression in renal tissues were unchangeable (p?>?0.05) and PAI-1 and collagen IV expression were significantly (p?<?0.05) reduced when diabetic rats were treated with uPA. Conclusion: uPA can down-regulate glomerular PAI-1 expression in the DM rats but not significantly influence uPAR expression, suggesting that uPA might regulate the mesangial cell (MC) and its matrix expression and improve diseased diabetic mesangial matrix via its combination with uPAR to uptake PAI-1 and accelerate its degradation.