成人肾上腺神经母细胞瘤(附1例报告并文献复习)

目的:提高对成人肾上腺神经母细胞瘤的临床、病理组织学特征的认识和诊治水平。方法:文献报告并回顾分析本院收治的1例成人肾上腺神经母细胞瘤患者。结果:本例手术行腹腔镜切除未获成功,随即转为开放手术,顺利切除肾上腺肿物,经病理组织学证实的肾上腺神经母细胞瘤。术后恢复顺利,规律化疗。随访1年,肿瘤无复发和转移。结论:成人肾上腺神经母细胞瘤是一种极少见的恶性肿瘤,预后极差。术中肿瘤完整切除及术后规律化疗可提高其生存率。     

西妥昔单抗治疗晚期结肠癌1例报告及文献复习

结直肠癌是常见的消化道恶性肿瘤。确诊为结直肠癌的患者中有50%～60%会发生转移。晚期结直肠癌以全身治疗为主,20世纪90年代后期开始应用奥沙利铂、伊立替康等药物后,晚期结直肠癌的治疗有效率及生存期均显著改善。Ⅳ期结肠癌或复发的患者可以同时发生肝转移或肺转移。单纯肝转移或肺转移患者仍有治愈可能。15%～25%的结直肠癌患者同时伴有肝转移,其中80%～90%的患者初次评估时肝转移灶无法手术切除。通过积极的转化治疗,部分患者可获得手术机会。     

利妥昔单抗治疗老年人脾边缘区淋巴瘤二例并文献复习

 目的　探讨老年人脾边缘区淋巴瘤（SMZL）的诊断、治疗方法。方法　报道2例年龄＞70岁伴有巨脾的SMZL,并对其临床表现、诊断及治疗进行文献复习。结果　SMZL多见于老年患者,常表现为脾大,具有与脾功能亢进相似的症状和体征。骨髓流式细胞术结合细胞形态学检查有助于诊断。可行利妥昔单抗单药治疗,疗效较好。结论　流式细胞术对SMZL的诊断及治疗均有重要的指导作用。     

颈椎骨母细胞瘤1例并文献复习

骨母细胞瘤是一种少见的成骨性肿瘤，是一种趋向于分化为成骨细胞的良性肿瘤，约占原发性骨肿瘤的1%。骨母细胞瘤好发部位为脊柱和长骨，脊柱骨母细胞瘤一般常见于椎弓根和椎板，可蔓延到椎体，原发于椎体者非常少见。     

利妥昔单抗治疗老年人脾边缘区淋巴瘤二例并文献复习

目的 探讨老年人脾边缘区淋巴瘸(SMZL)的诊断、治疗方法.方法 报道2例年龄＞70岁伴有巨脾的SMZL,并对其临床表现、诊断及治疗进行文献复习.结果 SMZL多见于老年患者,常表现为脾大,具有与脾功能亢进相似的症状和体征.骨髓流式细胞术结合细胞形态学检查有助于诊断.可行利妥昔单抗单药治疗,疗效较好.结论 流式细胞术对SMZL的诊断及治疗均有重要的指导作用.     

利妥昔单抗治疗老年人脾边缘区淋巴瘤二例并文献复习

目的 探讨老年人脾边缘区淋巴瘸(SMZL)的诊断、治疗方法.方法 报道2例年龄＞70岁伴有巨脾的SMZL,并对其临床表现、诊断及治疗进行文献复习.结果 SMZL多见于老年患者,常表现为脾大,具有与脾功能亢进相似的症状和体征.骨髓流式细胞术结合细胞形态学检查有助于诊断.可行利妥昔单抗单药治疗,疗效较好.结论 流式细胞术对SMZL的诊断及治疗均有重要的指导作用.     

伊尼妥单抗治疗HER2阳性乳腺癌肝寡转移1例并文献复习

<正>0引言根据2020年全球癌症报告数据,乳腺癌已成为全球第一高发恶性肿瘤,其中全球18.4%乳腺癌新发病例在中国^[1]。HER2阳性乳腺癌约占所有乳腺癌的15%～20%,它侵袭性更高,更容易发生肝、肺等内脏转移,预后更差^[2-3]。肝转移是乳腺癌常见的远处转移之一,约占所有转移患者的30%^[4]。寡转移被定义为转移数量和转移器官部位有限的、处于局限期和广泛性转移癌症之间的状态^[4]。本文通过回顾一例HER2阳性晚期乳腺癌肝寡转移患者的诊治过程,     

Severe fungal sclerokeratitis caused by Metarhizium anisopliae: a case report and literature review

To date, there has been only one published report on the infectious sclerokeratitis caused by Metarhizium anisopliae, which is an entomopathogenic fungus. Regarding corneal infection, three reports have been published to date. Although the prognoses of the corneal infections are favourable, prognosis when scleral infection is involved is very poor. A 76‐year‐old patient presented with foreign body sensation in the left eye. Microscopic examination with Fungi Flora Y staining of the corneal scraping revealed fungal infection. The conjunctiva was melted by the infection over a wide area. Although intensive medications were administered, an emergency surgery was necessary because scleral thinning, corneal perforation and lens prolapse occurred. The fungal isolate was identified as M. anisopliae by sequencing the internal transcribed spacer region. Herein, we report the second known case worldwide of M. anisopliae sclerokeratitis, and we review the literature related to the ocular infections.     

Hypersensitivity reaction caused by folinic acid administration: a case report and literature review

5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is combined with folinic acid (FA) for enhancing its cytotoxic effects in the colon cancer chemotherapy treatment. Folinic acid has rarely been involved in hypersensitivity reactions. Here, we report a case of FA hypersensitivity in an adult patient initially attributed to oxaliplatin administered concurrently. A 56-year-old male patient diagnosed with colon cancer received twelve cycles of FOLFOX4, one cycle of FOLFIRI plus cetuximab and nine cycles of FOLFOX6 uneventful. At the tenth cycle of FOLFOX6 chemotherapy, after 15?minutes of starting the infusion of oxaliplatin and FA, the patient reported flushing, pruritus and abdominal pain and erythema and oedema developed over the face and thorax. After progression, FOLFIRI plus aflibercept was scheduled and another reaction occurred. At this time, FA was discontinued and the patient received another cycle consisted on irinotecan plus 5-FU without incidences. This episode of hypersensitivity reaction following FA infusion with no oxaliplatin empirically confirmed that the hypersensitivity reaction was secondary to FA. Clinicians should be aware of hypersensitivity reaction with FA, especially when FA is administered concomitantly with oxaliplatin, despite its lower risk to cause hypersensitivity reactions. Furthermore, the similar signs and symptoms associated to the hypersensitivity reactions of each agent, highlight the importance of having a specialised allergist team for to make a prompt diagnose of the causative agent in order to prevent patient harm and proceed properly without unnecessary delays in the scheduled chemotherapy treatments.     

利培酮致非哺乳期乳腺炎一例报道并文献复习

正非哺乳期乳腺炎(non-puerperal mastitis,NPM)是发生于非哺乳期女性的特殊类型乳腺炎,近年来发病率呈逐步上升趋势,虽然不属于恶性肿瘤,但由于病因复杂不明,常规治疗效果不佳,手术后容易复发,甚至形成窦道、溃疡,严重影响广大女性患者的身心健康[1]。目前在细菌感染及自身免疫疾病方面研究较多,但对于精神类药物利培酮所致NPM的报道较少。笔者报道了1例利培酮所致的NPM患者,并回顾文献,对NPM的病因及治疗方法进行总结。     

Dermatophytosis caused by Trichophyton rubrum mimicking syphilid: a case report and review of literature

A 56‐year‐old man who was under chemotherapy presented with a 2‐week history of erythema on the left palm, soles, glans penis and the foreskin with no itching and pain. Initially syphilid was suspected. However, both toluidine red unheated serum test (TRUST) and treponema pallidum particle agglutination assay (TPPA) were negative. Microscopy showed hyphae in all sites and skin culture revealed Trichophyton rubrum infection, consistent with the diagnosis of tinea infection. He was cured with oral terbinafine for 2 weeks. We report here a case of tinea incognito caused by T. rubrum mimicking syphilid and review the literature.     

门冬酰胺酶致弥漫性脑白质病一例并文献复习

目的 观察门冬酰胺酶治疗急性淋巴细胞白血病(ALL)患者产生的不良反应.方法 对1例ALL患者使用门冬酰胺酶后导致弥漫性脑白质病进行分析并复习相关文献.结果 该例患者在使用门冬酰胺酶治疗时出现意识障碍、癫痫发作,通过影像学诊断为弥漫性脑白质病.给予终止化疗、控制血压和适当抗惊厥药物治疗后完全好转.结论 ALL患者在使用门冬酰胺酶过程中出现头痛、呕吐、癫痫等症状时应结合病史、体检和头颅磁共振成像等检查,应做到及早诊断和治疗,从而降低患者不良反应的发生率、提高疗效及改善患者预后.     

Subcutaneous phaeohyphomycosis caused by Exophiala spinifera in a European patient with lymphoma: a rare occurrence case report and literature review

Exophiala spinifera is a dematiaceous fungus responsible for rare skin infections presenting as phaeohyphomycosis or chromoblastomycosis which has been primarily reported in tropical and subtropical areas (Asia, South and North America). We report the first case of E. spinifera phaeohyphomycosis in a European patient. The phaeohyphomycosis was limited to the skin, involving the finger of an immunocompromised patient presenting with a large B‐cell lymphoma treated by R‐mini‐CHOP regimen. Remission was initially achieved by surgical excision; however, a local subcutaneous relapse required treatment with itraconazole. We performed a literature review of the 32 previously published cases of E. spinifera phaeohyphomycosis highlighting its clinical phenotype: disseminated infection with extracutaneous involvement and poor prognosis were reported in young patients, of whom some were recently associated with CARD9 mutations, whereas cases in older immunocompromised patients were limited to the skin and showed better prognosis. There is currently no standard treatment for E. spinifera phaeohyphomycosis; however, itraconazole, alone or in combination, allowed partial or complete response in 16 out of 20 cases.     

Case of dermatophyte abscess caused by Trichophyton rubrum: a case report and review of the literature

A 54‐year‐old Japanese man without apparent immunosuppression presented with nodules with purulent drainage on the right lower leg. He had ringworm of the right leg and tinea unguium. A biopsy specimen of the nodule showed intradermal abscesses with fungal elements, and Trichophyton rubrum was cultured from both the pus and the biopsy specimen. Treatment with oral terbinafine resolved the nodules. Dermatophyte abscess is a rare, deep and invasive dermatophytosis, which is often associated with immunocompromised conditions. We provide a review of the literature including Japanese cases.     

小肠系膜Kaposi型血管内皮瘤致消化道出血一例及文献回顾

Kaposi型血管内皮瘤是一种定义为中间型的血管肿瘤。本文对1例发生于小肠系膜Kaposi型血管内皮瘤患者的组织病理学、免疫表型及临床资料进行回顾性分析并文献复习。该例患者以消化道出血为主要症状,影像学示肠系膜巨大软组织肿块并侵犯回肠,临床未见卡梅诺现象(Kasabach-merritt phenomenon,KMP),光镜下可见海绵状脉管样结构,部分区域间质伴淋巴细胞聚集灶,其间散在较多由短梭形细胞瘤构成的结节,结节内瘤细胞呈纵横交错排列并形成条索或裂隙样血管。免疫组化:CD31(+),CD34(+),D2-40(+),C-Kit(-),SMA(-),Ki-67(1%)。