503例腰椎间盘突出症的非手术治疗

腰椎间盘突出症是引起腰腿痛的常见原因之一,青壮年男性占大多数。我科１９９０～１９９６年对住院的５０３例腰椎间盘突出症患者进行了临床观察和非手术治疗,取得了满意疗效,现报告如下：１临床资料１．１一般资料５０３例患者中,男３０５例,女１９８例,男女比例１．５：１。年龄１７～８２岁,平均５５．５岁。病程最短２天,最长３０年,平均２７．６个月。病程１个月以内者１１２例（２２．２％）,１年以上者１６１例（３２．１％）。从事体力劳动者２１２例（４２．２％）。病史中有明确诱因者２６６例（５２．９％）,其中有外…     

迟发性外伤性脑内血肿

我们自１９８６年８月～１９９３年１２月共收治经ＣＴ复查证实的迟发性外伤性脑内血肿（ＤＴＩＣＨ）２４例，占同期收治颅脑外伤患者１１３４例的２．１％。报告如下。临床资料男１８例，女６例；年龄３～７４岁，平均４０．７岁。５０岁以上１２例，占５０％。车祸致伤...     

550例大肠息肉的临床病理分析、内镜下治疗及随访

本文报道５５０ 例大肠息肉的临床及病理特点、内镜下治疗及１～２０ 年随访结果。大肠息肉的检出率为１４．０％ ，５０ 岁以上患者占 ４９．１％ ，单发性息肉 ４２０ 例，多发性息肉 １３０ 例，好发部位为乙状结肠和直肠（５０．５％ ）。病理诊断以腺瘤性息肉（４２．２％ ）和炎性息肉（４０．０４％ ）最多，息肉的异型增生发生率为１４．２％ ，腺瘤性息肉的癌变率为 １２．１％ ，结肠癌伴息肉的发生率为 ２．９％ 。对５４４ 例患者进行了内镜下息肉治疗，息肉的复发及再发率为５５．４％ ，平均复发时间为 ３２ 个月。随访检出４ 例息肉癌变，分别在术后第 ３、５、１０、２０ 年。     

鞍隔脑膜瘤11例报道

１临床资料１．１病例本组１１例，男３例，女８例；年龄２０～５５岁，平均３６．６４岁。发病率占同期入院颅内肿瘤的０．２５％（１１／４３７５例）；占鞍区肿瘤的１．７１％（１１／６４２例）；占脑膜瘤总数的１．１５％（１１／９５６例）。病程１个月～１０年，平...     

949例作业渔民损伤原因分析

我科自１９９３年１月～１９９９年 １２月共收治作业渔民各种损伤９４９例,占同期各类外伤住院伤员总数的５６．７％。全部病例均有完整的住院病历,有准确的受伤原因及部位等资料。近年来随着海洋资源开发的不断发展,这类伤者将会有增加的趋势,现总结分析如下。 一、临床资料 １．对象：本组９４９例均为男性渔民,年龄１８～６７岁,平均（４１．７±７．９１）岁,其中２５～４５岁７２３例,占７６．２％。 ２．损伤原因：本组作业渔民的损伤以机器伤和非动力性器械伤为主,共５３５例,占５６．４％,其次为意外滑跌伤、压砸伤等,…     

284例指蹼畸形修复体会

指蹼粘连畸形多见于严重烧伤后疤痕挛缩、手外伤及先天性。我院自１９８５年１月至１９９５年共收治１９２例、２８４个指蹼畸形,采用不同手术方式进行整形修复。术后６个月～２年内在门诊复查随访,均获满意效果,现报告如下。１　临床资料１．１　本组共１９２例,男性１００例,女性９２例;年龄１．５～７２岁,平均３２．５岁。１．２　致伤原因：烧伤１４２例,手部挤压、撕脱伤３２例,先天性１８例。１．３　畸形部位：第一指蹼（虎口）最多,其次２、３、４指蹼。１．４　畸形方式：指蹼粘连最多,其次疤痕粘连畸形,先天性较少。…     

青年人肺癌（42例临床分析）

军事医学科学院附属医院肿瘤科１９７８年６月至１９９３年９月住院治疗的青年人肺癌４２例，占同期住院肺癌病人的８．７％（４２／４８５）。男性３３例，女性９例，年龄２０－３９岁，中位年龄３５岁。误诊较为常见，本组为７６．２％，从首发症状到确诊平均３．１月。最常见的误诊疾病为肺结核和呼吸道感染。本组病理分类以小细胞肺癌最多（６１．９％），其次是腺癌和鳞状上皮癌。除３例病人进行手术外，其余３９例病人均以放疗和化疗为主进行综合治疗。治疗结果：中位生存期１３个月，１年生存率５０．８５％，２年生存率１８．４２％，３年生存率３．４２％。至今生存５例．     

小剂量溶栓结合PTA和支架治疗外周动脉慢性阻塞性病变

本文报告５例６支动脉阻塞经导管使用微量泵持续灌注尿激酶（５６，０００单位／小时）溶栓治疗，灌注时间５．５￣５８（平均２６）小时。阻塞位于髂外动脉２例，其中１例伴同侧股动脉阻塞；髂总和髂外动脉联合受累１例，Ｇｕｏ动脉１例；股Ｇｕｏ动脉１例。病程１￣２４（平均９．４）个月，阻塞长度８￣２５ｃｍ（平均１５．３ｃｍ），开通率达１００％。对溶栓后残存狭窄实施ＰＴＡ３例、血管内放置支架１例；随访２￣９（平均５     

手外伤患者512例护理体会

我科自１９９２年１月～１９９８年８月收治严重手外伤病人５１２例,现对其资料作系统性回顾,并将临床护理和观察体会总结如下。１　临床资料本组５１２例中,男３４５例,女１６７例,年龄最大６８岁,其中１６～３５岁３７６例。致伤原因：切割伤８２例,压砸伤２１０例,爆炸伤３７例,绞扎伤３９例,撕脱伤５８例,电锯伤２９例,其它生产性伤４７例。２　治疗方法及结果根据损伤程度我们共采用以下几种方法进行手的功能恢复与重建：（１）行清创内固定,神经肌腱修复术;（２）断指（肢）再植术;（３）断指（肢）异位再植术;（４）…     

儿童颅内转移性肿瘤的CT特点

目的：分析儿童颅内转移性肿瘤的ＣＴ特点。材料和方法：１６例颅内转移的原发灶中颅外神经母细胞瘤６例、颅内生殖细胞瘤４例、髓母细胞瘤２例、白血病２例、淋巴瘤１例和脑干肿瘤１例。１５例中原发灶或／和转移灶经组织学证实，仅１例脑干肿瘤及其转移为ＣＴ诊断。原发肿瘤诊断年龄从２至１３岁，平均８．７岁，从原发肿瘤诊断至发现转移的间隔时间从０至４２个月，平均１３．１个月。结果：柔脑膜转移在１６例中有１０例，占６２．５％：脑实质转移８／１６，占５０％：硬膜外转移４／１６，占２５％。结论：ＣＴ对各种类型颅内转移的诊断是有价值的。与成人相比，儿童脑外转移（硬膜外转移和柔脑膜转移１４／１６，占８７．５％）明显多于脑内转移（８／１６，占５０％），脑内转移主要是由柔脑膜转移而不是血行转移发展而来。     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.