解脲支原体感染PCR结果与胎膜早破关系研究

胎膜早破是产科常见的病理现象，与细菌、病毒及微生物感染有关。为了解解脲支原体（简称Ｕｕ）感染与胎膜早破的关系，对我院１９９７年８月至１２月入院分娩产妇选择１２０例进行宫颈管内分泌物的Ｕｕ检测，分析Ｕｕ感染对母婴的影响。资料与方法１．资料来源　观察组：选择１９９７年８月至１２月在我院分娩的单胎、头位、胎膜早破６０例。孕周３３４１周，年龄２３３４岁。产前检查母婴无异常情况。对照组：选择同期内分娩的单胎、头位、无胎膜早破者６０例。孕周３６４１周，年龄、产前检查情况同观察组。２．方法：常规消毒外阴…     

解脲支原体感染在胎膜早破中的作用

目的探讨解脲支原体感染与胎膜早破的关系.方法采用培养法分别对52例胎膜早破和30例正常妊娠妇女的宫颈分泌物、胎膜组织进行UU检测,并对两组胎盘胎膜组织进行常规病理检查.结果观察组宫颈分泌物和胎膜组织中,UU检出率明显高于对照组,两组比较,差异有显著性(P＜0.05,P＜0.005).观察组胎盘绒毛膜羊膜炎明显高于对照组,差异有显著性(P＜0.005).结论UU感染与胎盘绒毛膜羊膜炎和胎膜早破有关.     

解脲支原体感染与妊娠结局的关系探讨

目的探讨解脲支原体（UU）感染与妊娠结局的关系,了解妊娠期UU感染对围产儿及孕产妇的影响。方法采用培养法对369例孕产妇的宫颈分泌物进行检测。结果369例孕妇中UU阳性者210例,占56.9%,UU阳性组与阴性组比较,其胎膜早破、早产、低出生体重儿、新生儿肺炎、胎儿宫内窘迫、剖宫产的发生率高,差异有显著性（P〈0.05）。结论解脲支原体感染可引起不良的妊娠结局。     

宫内解脲脲原体和人型支原体感染与自发早产发生的关系及其对早产儿的影响

目的 检测胎龄23～32周早产儿脐带血中解脲脲原体、人型支原体的感染率和脐带血IL-6阳性率,并判断其与胎膜早破以及早产儿预后的相关性.方法 2009年1月-2010年1月于新乡市中心医院出生的187例早产儿和53例足月儿及其母亲入选本实验,利用PCR技术测定脐带血解脲脲原体和人型支原体,利用放射免疫法测定脐带血IL-6;搜集并记录患儿母亲相关医学信息;对入选早产儿进行预后追踪.结果 自发早产儿与非自发早产儿脐带血IL-6阳性率以及解脲脲原体和/或人型支原体检测阳性率比较,差异有统计学意义(P=0.005,P=0.009);胎膜早破与解脲脲原体和/或人型支原体感染相关(P=0.006).解脲脲原体和/或人型支原体感染与早产儿全身炎症反应综合征(SIRS)和支气管肺发育不良(BPD)的发生相关(P=0.017,P=0.031);而与早产儿呼吸窘迫综合征(RDS)无关(P=0.116).结论 解脲脲原体和/或人型支原体感染是自发早产发生的一个重要原因,并影响早产儿的预后.     

生殖支原体和解脲支原体感染与自然流产的关系

目的：探讨生殖支原体和解脲支原体感染与自然流产的关系。方法：收集自然流产患者胚胎组织54份作为流产组;另取40例人工流产者胚胎组织为对照组。采用套式PCR方法对两组标本进行了生殖支原体和解脲支原体的检测。结果：流产组54例中Mg阳性9例阳性率16．7％;Uu阳性21例,阳性率38．9％Mg与Uu合并阳性4例,占7．4％。Mg和Uu分别与对照组比较,结果有显著性差异。结论：自然流产与Mg和UU感染有密切关系。     

宫颈感染解脲支原体与不良妊娠结局的关系

目的：探讨宫颈解脲支原体（ＵＵ）在不同状态下与不良妊娠结局的关系。方法：通过聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）对２１０例孕发的宫颈分泌物进行ｕｕＤＮＡ检测，用酶联免疫吸附试验（ＥＬＩＳＡ）检测孕妇血清抗ｕｕＩｇＭ以两项检测结果同时阳性做为宫颈ｕｕ感染的标准，以ｕｕＤＮＡ阳性而血清抗ｕｕＩｇ阴性作为宫颈ｕｕ的携带状态的标准。结果：２１０例孕妇中宫发泌物ｕｕＤＮＡ阳性１００例，占４７．６％，宫颈分泌物ｕｕＤＮＡ及     

石家庄地区73例羊水解脲支原体分离培养结果与临床分析

通过对73例产妇宫颈分泌物羊水中UU的分离培养证实，无症状UU感染的妊娠妇女，可因下生殖道的UU上行感染羊水。由于羊水中含有丰富的营养物，有利于UU在羊水中迅速的生长增殖，对胎儿造成损害，引起不良结局。34例中期妊娠因胎儿异常行引产时抽出的羊水中，UU阳性者23例，阳性率67.65％。因此UU检测应作为早孕妇女的常规检查项目。     

孕期阴道解脲支原体感染的调查报告

我院从１９９２年７月至１９９２年１２月，半年中对１６４例孕妇的阴道分泌物进行培养，以调查支原体感染率。１６４例孕妇中有３６例支原体培养阳性，占２８．１２％，其中第一次妊娠的１０８例，支原体阳性占２５例；第二次妊娠以上的５６例，支原体阳性的１１例。调查对象的年龄是２２～３４岁，孕周在６～４２周。     

不孕不育与解脲支原体和沙眼衣原体感染关系的研究

目的探讨解脲支原体、沙眼衣原体感染与不孕不育的相关性。方法应用PE5700扩增仪PCR荧光定量法检测解脲支原体、沙眼衣原体。结果不孕不育组解脲支原体阳性率为47.83%,对照组阳性率4.00%,沙眼衣原体阳性率为6.55%,对照组阳性率2.00%,其中女性不孕组解脲支原体阳性率58.40%,男性不育组阳性率34.5%,女性不孕组沙眼衣原体阳性率2.41%,男性不育组阳性率11.34%。结论解脲支原体、沙眼衣原体在不孕不育患者中感染率较高,尤以解脲支原体感染率高,解脲支原体、沙眼衣原体感染可能是导致不孕不育的因素,应引起注意。     

解脲支原体与生殖病症关系研究

泌尿生殖道解脲支原体感染与近年来越来越上升的生殖病症有密切的关系,我们经多年观察研究对解脲支原体感染,导致男女生殖道炎症与产生不孕症,提出相应防范和治疗措施.     

530例新生儿咽拭子沙眼衣原体（CT）套式PCR检测分析

本文应用灵敏、特异、简便的套式（Ｎｅｓｔｅｄ）ＰＣＲ技术检测了５３０例新生儿的咽拭子标本沙眼衣原体ＣＴ－ＤＮＡ，其结果为：ＣＴ阳性率为１５．４％，其中阴道分娩占１４．１％，剖宫产占１．３％，城市妇女所生新生儿感染率为６．１％，农村妇女所生新生儿为９．３％。     

胎膜早破羊水与新生儿咽拭子细菌培养分析

目的评估胎膜早破与分娩间隔时间相关的新生儿和母亲感染结局。方法对住院胎膜早破孕妇33例按破膜距临产的时间分为4组：〈12h、12～24h、25～48h、〉48h,与未破膜组孕妇30例均进行羊水和新生儿咽拭子细菌培养。采用非参数检验进行统计学处理。结果胎膜早破超过48h羊水与新生儿咽拭子细菌培养阳性率为60%、40%,胎膜早破24～48h阳性率为20%、0,小于24h均为阴性。对照组羊水与新生儿咽拭子菌培养均为阴性。结论随破膜时间延长,母婴感染率增加。破膜后48h内分娩,能获得最好母婴结局。     

Rectal swab for detection of norovirus by real-time PCR: similar sensitivity compared to faecal specimens

Rapid diagnosis and immediate infection control precautions are cornerstones in the prevention of norovirus outbreaks. However, faecal sampling for norovirus PCR—the standard of care—is time consuming. From 2009 to 2011, parallel faecal and rectal swab samples were consecutively obtained from patients with acute gastroenteritis presenting at our emergency department. In total, 109 complete sample pairs of 108 patients were analysed by specific norovirus real-time PCR. The sensitivity of real-time PCR was 97.3% (36/37) for both sampling methods. A rectal swab is a reasonable option for detection of norovirus by real-time PCR, if a stool specimen is not readily available.     

Detection and strain identification of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans by nested PCR.

By using PCR, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans strains were identified directly from plaque samples without the need to isolate or culture bacteria. DNA fragments were generated by a nested, two-step PCR amplification of the ribosomal spacer region between the 16S and 23S rRNA genes. For the first amplification, primers homologous to sequences common to all bacterial species were used. This was followed by a second amplification with primers specific to A. actinomycetemcomitans. The ribosomal DNA spacer region was amplified from as few as 10 bacterial cells within a total population of 10(8) cells (0.00001%), and cross-reactivity between species was not observed. DNA fragments specific for Porphyromonas gingivalis were generated from the same samples by using a P. gingivalis-specific primer, and equivalent sensitivity and specificity were observed. A. actinomycetemcomitans was detected in 60% and P. gingivalis was detected in 79% of 52 subjects tested. Sequence analysis of the spacer region DNA fragment for A. actinomycetemcomitans gave precise strain identification, producing unique sequences for seven reference strains and identification of nine plaque-derived isolates. A phylogenetic tree based on quantitative sequence relationships was constructed. Two-step PCR amplification directly from plaque samples combined with sequence analysis of the ribosomal DNA spacer region provides a sensitive assay for detection and strain identification of multiple species directly from a single plaque sample. This simplified approach provides a practical method for large-scale studies on the transmission and pathogenicity of periodontitis-associated bacteria.     

Detection of Cryptosporidium parvum DNA in human feces by nested PCR.

Cryptosporidium parvum is a coccidian protozoan that causes diarrhea in humans, often chronic and severe in patients with AIDS. Conventionally, diagnosis is made by concentration of stools followed by acid-fast staining (AF) or immunofluorescent staining. The threshold of detection in human stool specimens by these methods may require the presence of 50,000 (immunofluorescent staining) to 500,000 (AF) oocysts per g of stool. In this study, a nested PCR assay was developed to detect C. parvum DNA directly from stool specimens. After extraction of DNA from formalinized stool, a 400-bp fragment of C. parvum DNA was amplified with two 26-mer outer primers. The amplicon from this reaction was amplified with a second primer pair. With these nested primers, a 194-bp DNA fragment was amplified and confirmed as C. parvum DNA by internal probing with an enzyme-linked chemiluminescence system. This PCR-based test allowed the detection of 500 oocysts per g of stool or 100 ng of C. parvum DNA. Studies indicate that the primers utilized are specific for the DNA of C. parvum. DNA sequences were also detected in stool specimens from 4 of 28 patients previously reported negative by AF. In summary, a rapid, sensitive, and specific assay for the detection of C. parvum directly from stool specimens has been developed. This test has the potential for detecting asymptomatic infection, monitoring the response to therapy, and detecting the organism in environmental sources.     

Detection of Neisseria gonorrhoeae from air-dried genital samples by single-tube nested PCR.

A single-tube nested PCR method was developed for the detection of Neisseria gonorrhoeae. The optimized assay had a detection limit of less than 0.3 cell. Five different storage conditions for gonococcal specimens were compared with respect to the PCR detection of bacteria. For air-dried gonococcal slides containing three bacteria, DNA was detected after 8 weeks at ambient temperature, and for slides containing 300 bacteria, DNA could be detected after 24 weeks at ambient temperature. Air-dried storage combined with analysis by the single-tube nested PCR and a commercially available PCR (Amplicor) was used to test 350 cervical specimens from women in the West African island nation of Cape Verde. The in-house PCR detected 17 cases of N. gonorrhoeae infection, while the Amplicor system detected 14 cases of N. gonorrhoeae infection. No specimen was negative by the in-house PCR assay and positive by the Amplicor PCR. This sensitive nested PCR assay, combined with air-dried storage, allows for the detection of gonococci when specimen storage and transport times are extended and freezing conditions are not available.     

Detection of genital human papillomavirus by single-tube nested PCR and type-specific oligonucleotide hybridization.

Cervical cancer is, on a global scale, the second most common form of cancer in women. Development of cervical carcinoma is strongly associated with infection by certain types of human papillomavirus (HPV). To facilitate the detection and molecular typing of HPV in clinical samples, nested-PCR amplification systems were developed for regions of the E1 and L1 genes. The nested amplifications were performed in a single reaction tube, and shifting between inner and outer primer pairs was achieved by a two-phase amplification with different annealing temperatures. This method eliminates cross-contamination between samples during transfer from the first to the second amplification step. A set of type-specific oligonucleotide probes were designed for the E1 system and used to distinguish 19 genital HPV types. The sensitivities of our amplification systems compare favorably with that for the L1 system on the basis of the MY09-MY11 primer pair (M.M. Manos, Y. Ting, D. K. Wright, A. J. Lewis, T. R. Broker, and S. M. Wolinsky, Cancer Cells 7:209-214, 1989) and our systems can be used on materials such as HPV-infected cell lines, cytobrush samples, cancer biopsies, and recent as well as archival Papanicolaou (Pap) smears. The high sensitivity coupled with the effective elimination of contamination in the transfer between the two amplification steps of the nested PCR makes these systems suitable for research as well as clinical analyses.     

套式聚合酶链式反应（Nested PCR）检测肺炎衣原体

肺炎衣原体（Ｃｈｌａｍｙｄｉａ ｐｎｅｕｍｏｎｉａｅ，ＣＰｎ）可引起人类急性呼吸道炎症，临床表现以肺炎为主，已在世界上许多国家和地区引起流行，本文介绍通过套式ＰＣＲ检测ＣＰｎ，共检测１０９例呼吸道感染者之咽拭标本，检出１３例阳性（阳性率１２％），提示ＣＰｎ的呼吸道感染有我国并不少见。实验结果表明，套式ＰＣＲ用于ＣＰｍ检测方法的建立，在敏感、特异、简便、快速的特点，具有良好的应用前景。