存活素反义寡核苷酸对甲状腺癌细胞生长的抑制作用

目的 探讨利用凋亡抑制基因存活素反义寡核苷酸（ASODN）诱导甲状腺癌细胞凋亡的效应。方法 设计合成特异性靶向存活素的ASODN，以不同浓度和时间对人甲状腺髓样癌细胞进行转染，并设空白、正义（SODN）对照组进行比较。采用RT-PCR、Western印迹、免疫细胞化学技术检测各组细胞中存活素mRNA、蛋白表达水平，DNA裂解分析、吖啶橙／溴化乙锭（AO／EB）染色法、流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡水平和形态变化，MTT法检测细胞生长抑制情况。结果 转染ASODN各组细胞存活素mRNA和蛋白表达均较空白对照组、SODN组明显减弱；细胞凋亡率显著增加，细胞生长相应受抑，上述效应在ASODN转染24h最为明显，并呈浓度依赖性；而各时段SODN组与空白对照组间各项指标差异均无统计学意义。结论 ASODN能够特异性地下调甲状腺癌细胞中存活素基因表达，进而诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡，并抑制其增殖。     

血管内皮生长因子反义寡核苷酸抑制甲状腺癌血管生成的效应

目的探讨反义寡核苷酸(ASODN)抑制甲状腺癌细胞血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)表达及内皮细胞生长的效应。方法设计合成靶向VEGF的ASODN转染人髓状甲状腺癌细胞系(TT)细胞,并制备相应条件培养基作用内皮细胞ECV304,设正义寡核苷酸(SODN)和空白对照组进行比较。观察细胞生长状态,RT PCR、免疫细胞化学法检测TT细胞VEGFmRNA和蛋白表达,四氮唑蓝法检测TT和ECV304细胞生长抑制率(IR),流式细胞仪、吖啶橙/溴化乙锭染色法检测ECV304细胞凋亡状态。结果ASODN组TT细胞VEGFmRNA和蛋白表达显著低于SODN和对照组(P<0.01),但IR差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);各转染组ECV304细胞IR差异亦无统计学意义(P>0.05);而经各ASODN组TT细胞条件培养基作用的ECV304细胞生长明显受抑,IR(分别为0.21±0.03、0.31±0.01、0.42±0.22)显著高于SODN组(0.05±0.03,P<0.01),并伴明显细胞凋亡,上述效应呈浓度依赖性。结论ASODN可通过特异性封闭甲状腺癌细胞VEGF表达,抑制内皮细胞生长,干扰肿瘤血管生成。     

Ku70反义寡核苷酸增强甲状腺癌细胞的辐射敏感性

目的 研究DNA修复基因Ku70反义寡核苷酸(ASODN)对甲状腺癌细胞辐射敏感性的影响.方法 设计合成特异性靶向Ku70的ASODN,以不同浓度转染人甲状腺髓样癌细胞(TT),并设脂质体和正义寡核苷酸(SODN)对照组进行比较.采用Western印迹技术检测各组细胞中Ku70蛋白表达水平.利用不同剂量60 Co γ射线照射细胞后,细胞克隆形成实验检测细胞存活分数.CCK-8法、Annexin-V/PI染色法分析ASODN对细胞活力和细胞凋亡的影响.彗星电泳法比较γ射线照射后DNA双链断裂的修复效率.结果 转染ASODN各组细胞Ku70蛋白表达均较脂质体对照组、SODN组明显降低,并呈浓度依赖性;照射后细胞存活率降低(P＜0.01),凋亡率显著增加(P＜0.01),DNA双链断裂的修复效率降低(P＜0.01).结论 ASODN能够特异性地下调甲状腺癌细胞Ku70的表达,抑制γ射线照射后细胞存活和DNA双链断裂修复,提高肿瘤细胞的辐射敏感性.     

survivin ASODN对人胰腺癌PANC细胞移植瘤生长的影响及机制探讨

目的观察survivin反义寡核苷酸(ASODN)转染对人胰腺癌PANC细胞裸鼠移植瘤生长及瘤组织中survivin、PTEN、CEACAM-1表达的影响,并探讨其作用机制。方法构建28只人胰腺癌PANC细胞裸鼠移植瘤模型,随机分为对照组、正义寡核苷酸(SODN)组、ASODN组、脂质体组,各7只,分别于瘤周及瘤体注射50μL的PBS、SODN、ASODN、脂质体+无血清DMEM。注射结束后2 d,切取瘤体,测算肿瘤生长抑制率和生长指数,免疫组化法检测瘤组织中的survivin、PTEN、CEACAM-1蛋白,TUNEL染色镜下观察细胞凋亡情况,半定量RT-PCR检测瘤组织中的survivin mRNA、PTEN mRNA、CEACAM-1 mRNA。结果与其他三组相比,ASODN组肿瘤生长抑制率高、生长指数低、细胞凋亡指数高(P均<0.05),其瘤组织中survivin和CEACAM-1表达下降、PTEN表达上升(P均<0.05)。结论 survivin ASODN可有效抑制人胰腺癌裸鼠移植瘤的生长并诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡,其机制可能与抑制survivin和CEACAM-1的表达、促进PTEN的表达有关。     

VEGF反义寡核苷酸对体外生长的大肠癌HT-29细胞的抑制作用

目的:探讨血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)反义寡核苷酸(ASODN)对体外生长的人大肠癌HT-29细胞的抑制作用.方法:实验设空白对照组、脂质体转染组、错义链转染组(SODN组)和不同浓度反义链转染组(ASODN组).用LipofectamineTM2000介导的VEGF ASODN和错义寡核苷酸(SODN)转染人大肠癌细胞株HT-29,半定量RT-PCR检测各组细胞VEGF mRNA的表达:Western blot测定转染48、72 h后VEGF蛋白表达:MTT法和流式细胞术检测细胞增殖和凋亡.结果:转染48 h后,ASOND组的VEGF mRNA表达水平明显低于脂质体对照组和SODN组(0.455±0.032 vs 0.934±0.031,0.915±0.004,p<0.01);脂质体对照组与SODN组之间无显著差异.细胞转染48、72 h后,ASODN组蛋白表达明显弱于脂质体对照组和SODN组,且72h弱于48 h.与对照组比较.VEGF ASODN对HT-29细胞有明显的生长抑制作用,并且抑制呈剂量和时间依赖性(P<0.05).结论:VEGF ASODN通过抑制VEGF的基因表达,对体外生长的人大肠癌HT-29细胞的增殖进行抑制.     

基质金属蛋白酶9反义寡核苷酸治疗人肺腺癌细胞裸鼠移植瘤的实验研究

目的 探讨以基质金属蛋白酶9(matrix metalloproteinase-9,MMP-9)为靶点反义基因治疗人 肺腺癌移植瘤的可行性.方法 常规体外培养A549细胞,采用皮下注射法建立移植瘤裸鼠动物模型.裸鼠成瘤后,随机分为4组.以脂质体(liposome,Lip)包裹的MMP-9反义寡核苷酸(antisense oligodeoxynucleotide,ASODN)直接移植瘤内注射,观察肿瘤生长情况,计算抑瘤率和肿瘤生长指数,并观察对心、肝、肾组织有无毒副作用.结果 MMP-9 ASODN/Lip组肿瘤生长指数为3.20±0.14,明显低于其他三组(MMP-9 SODN/Lip组为5.93±0.20,Lip组为5.874±0.02,对照组为6.40±0.33)(P＜0.01);MMP-9 ASODN/Lip组的瘤重为(1.25±0.03)g,明显低于其他三组[MMP-9 SODN/Lip组为(2.15±0.07)g,Lip组为(2.31±0.04)g,对照组为(2.43±0.04)g](P＜0.01);MMP-9 ASODN/Lip组抑瘤率为(33.41±1.18)%,心、肝、肾组织结构基本正常.结论 MMP-9 ASODN可以抑制人肺腺癌移植瘤的生长,对心、肝、肾组织无明显不良反应;特异性靶向MMP-9 ASODN可能成为肺癌的辅助治疗方法.     

端锚聚合酶1反义寡核苷酸对人肺癌细胞增殖的影响

目的　探讨端锚聚合酶 1(tankyrase 1,TANK1)反义寡核苷酸对人肺癌细胞的影响 ,为肺癌治疗的靶向研究探索新途径。方法　合成TANK1正义寡核苷酸 (TANK1 SODN)、反义寡核苷酸(TANK1 ASODN) ,待人肺癌细胞株CALU在裸鼠蹊部皮下接种成瘤后 ,将成瘤裸鼠随机分成 3组 :对照组 4只 (每天上午于瘤体内多位点注射生理盐水 2 0 0 μl/只 ) ,正义组 (每天同法注射含TANK SODN10 0 μg的生理盐水 2 0 0 μl/只 )和反义组 (每天同法注射含TANK ASODN 10 0 μg的生理盐水 2 0 0 μl/只 )各 5只 ,观察肿瘤的生长情况及组织学改变。用链霉亲和素 生物素 酶复合物 (SABC)法检测肿瘤细胞Ki6 7及端粒酶反转录酶 (hTERT)的阳性表达率。结果　在裸鼠成瘤部位连续注射相应液体 16d后 ,反义组移植瘤体积为 (1 4 6± 0 70 )cm3 ,明显小于对照组的 (3 2 9± 0 4 7)cm3 及正义组的 (3 14±0 70 )cm3 ,差异有显著性 (P均 <0 0 1) ;肿瘤细胞Ki6 7标记指数及hTERT细胞阳性率均明显低于对照组及正义组 (P均 <0 0 1)。结论　人肺癌细胞株端粒酶呈高度表达 ,TANK1 ASODN可降低瘤细胞端粒酶活性 ,抑制肺癌细胞增殖     

端粒酶逆转录酶基因反义寡核苷酸抑制肺癌细胞端粒酶活性和诱导细胞凋亡

目的 研究端粒酶逆转录酶（hTERT)基因反义寡核苷酸（ASODN）对肺癌细胞端粒酶活性和细胞凋亡的影响。方法 实验分为ASODN组、正义寡核苷酸（SODN）组和空白对照组,所用ASODN和SODN的浓度分别为10μmol/L,脂质体为16mg/L,采用端粒重复扩增法、逆转录－聚合酶链反应、Western Blot及流式细胞术分别观察各组端粒酶活性、hTERP mRNA和蛋白质表达以及细胞凋亡。结果 ASODN组显著下调或抑制肺癌细胞端粒酶活性和hTERT表达,但直到第21天才出现细胞凋亡增多。结论 端粒酶活性与hTERT表达密切相关。     

多发性内分泌腺瘤2A型

多发性内分泌腺瘤2型（MEN2）又称Sipple综合征，其病理学特征为甲状腺髓样癌（MTC）或甲状腺C细胞增生。根据不同的临床表现可分为MEN2A、MEN2B、家族性甲状腺髓样癌（FMTC）及其他型。文献报告MEN2A占MEN2的60％，以MTC为主要临床表现，约50％伴有嗜铬细胞瘤（PCC），30％-40％伴有甲状旁腺增生或腺瘤（HPT）。MEN2B以黏膜多发性神经瘤、MTC和（或）PCC为特点，可有类马凡体征，少数患者还伴有肠道神经节母细胞瘤，角膜神经粗大，骨骼发育异常及发育延缓等，无甲状旁腺疾病。FMTC则仅有MTC，且患有MTC的家族成员不少于4个。     

端粒酶基因反义核酸促进顺铂诱导白血病细胞凋亡

目的探讨人类端粒酶逆转录酶(hTERT)基因反义寡核苷酸(ASODN)对顺铂诱导原代培养的急性髓细胞白血病(AML-M2)、慢性髓细胞白血病(CML)细胞凋亡的影响.方法采用锥虫蓝拒染法观察hTERTASODN与顺铂联合对AML、CML细胞生存的影响.琼脂糖凝胶电泳分析细胞凋亡的DNA断裂;通过流式细胞仪对细胞凋亡峰进行定量分析.结果hTERT基因ASODN作用于AML、CML细胞24h再加入顾铂对AML、CML细胞的生存均具有很明显的抑制作用,分别同正义寡核苷酸(SODN)联合顺铂组、单用顺铂组进行比较,差异有显著性(P＜0.01).hTERTASODN作用于AML、CML细胞24h再加入顺铂,经琼脂糖凝胶电泳即可见到DNA梯形条带,并且凋亡细胞百分率(42.68%,35.72%)分别与SODN联合顺铂组(29.02%,23.84%)、单用顺铂组(27.53%,21.02%)进行比较,差异有显著性(P＜0.01).结论hTERT基因反义寡核苷酸可促进顺铂诱导AML、CML细胞凋亡.     

塞来昔布联合p65miRNA抑制人乳腺癌移植瘤的生长

目的探讨下调核因子NF-κB p65亚基的表达联合塞来昔布对人乳腺癌裸鼠移植瘤生长的协同抑制效应及其机制。方法建立人乳腺癌裸鼠移植瘤模型,随机将裸鼠分为6组,control组、Neg-miRNA组、p65miRNA组、塞来昔布组、塞来昔布+Neg-miRNA组、塞来昔布+p65miRNA组。观察治疗前后裸鼠的一般状态、肿瘤体积和瘤重,计算平均抑瘤率。免疫组化法检测p65miRNA干扰后肿瘤组织中p65蛋白的表达。RT-PCR、Western印迹法检测肿瘤组织中血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、金属基质蛋白酶(MMP-2)基因mRNA及蛋白表达的变化。结果塞来昔布组、p65miRNA组和塞来昔布+p65miRNA组肿瘤生长受到明显抑制,抑瘤率分别为43.23%、40.72%及61.69%。p65miRNA组较对照组p65蛋白表达明显减少。塞来昔布组、p65miRNA组和塞来昔布+p65miRNA组VEGF、MMP-2 mRNA及蛋白表达受到不同程度地抑制。结论塞来昔布及p65miRNA均具有明显的抗肿瘤作用,联合应用时具有一定的协同作用,可显著抑制人乳腺癌裸鼠移植瘤的生长,并可显著下调VEGF、MMP-2的表达。     

Adenovirus expressing p27kip1 suppresses growth of established esophageal carcinoma xenograffs

AIM: To investigate the growth suppression of adenovirus expressing p27kip1 on established esophageal tumors in nude mice.METHODS: Esophageal carcinoma xenografts in nude mice were established by tumor tissue mass transplantation. The successfully constructed recombinant adenoviral vectors carrying p27kip1 gene (Adp27kip1) were directly injected into the esophageal tumors in nude mice. Compared to control group, the growth curve of tumor was drawn and the growth inhibition rate of tumor was calculated. The histology of tumors was examined by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. The expression of p27kip1 and survivin was detected in tumors by immunohistochemical technique.RESULTS: The growth of tumors in gene therapy group with Ad-p27kip1 was obviously suppressed compared to control group (0.42±0.08 g vs 1.17±0.30 g, t=6.39,P＜0.01), the inhibition rate of tumor growth reached 64.1%. Pathological detection showed that the tumors in nude mice were poorly differentiated esophageal squamous carcinoma. In addition, the expression of p27kip1 was increased, while the expression of survivin was decreased in tumors after being transfected with Ad-p27kip1.CONCLUSION: p27kip1 gene therapy mediated by adenovirus vector has a significant inhibitory effect on esophageal carcinoma in vivo. Up-regulated p27kip1expression and down-regulated survivin expression may be its important mechanisms.     

Adenovirus expressing p27kip1 suppresses growth of established esophageal carcinoma xenografts

AIM: To investigate the growth suppression of ade novirus expressing p27kip1 on established esophageal tumors in nude mice. METHODS: Esophageal carcinoma xenografts in nude mice were established by tumor tissue mass transplantation. The successfully constructed reco mbinant adenoviral vectors carrying p27kip1 gene (Ad p27kip1) were directly injected into the esophageal tumors in nude mice. Compared to control group, the growth curve of tumor was drawn and the growth inhibition rate of tumor was calculated. The histology of tumors was examined by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. The expression of p27kip1 and survivin was detected in tumors by immunohistochemical technique. RESULTS: The growth of tumors in gene therapy group with Ad-p27kip1 was obviously suppressed compared to control group (0.42±0.08 g vs 1.17±0.30 g, t=6.39, P<0.01), the inhibition rate of tumor growth reached 64.1%. Pathological detection showed that the tumors in nude mice were poorly differentiated esophageal squamous carcinoma. In addition, the expression of P27kip1 was increased, while the expression of survivin was decreased in tumors after being transfected with Ad-p27kip1. CONCLUSION: p27kip1 gene therapy mediated by adenovirus vector has a significant inhibitory effect on esophageal carcinoma in vivo. Up-regulated p27kip1 expression and down-regulated survivin expression may be its important mechanisms.     

5-LOX基因沉默对人胰腺癌细胞SW1990裸鼠移植瘤生长的影响

目的 观察裸鼠的人胰腺癌细胞SW1990移植瘤内注射靶向5-脂氧合酶(5-LOX)的短发夹RNA(shRNA)对移植瘤以及瘤组织5-LOX和血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)表达的影响,探讨其临床应用价值.方法 将胰腺癌细胞SW1990接种至裸鼠背部皮下,待移植瘤生长至100 mm3左右后随机分为shRNA1组、shRNA2组、阴性对照shNC组和脂质体组.每组6只,雌雄各半.实验组瘤内注射相应shRNA 50μg/次,1次/3 d,共7次.对照组瘤内注射脂质体液100 μl/只.每3 d测体重及移植瘤长、短径一次.第29天处死动物,取肿瘤组织,称瘤重.应用免疫组化和RT-PCR法检测移植瘤组织5-LOX、VEGF的mRNA和蛋白的表达.结果 shRNA1组、shRNA2组、shNC组和脂质体组的瘤重分别为(32.5±19.0)mg、(30.1±14.1)mg、(50.5±15.6)mg和(71.7±25.4)mg,shRNA1组、shRNA2组、shNC组抑瘤率分别为54.7%、58.0%和29.5%,shRNA1组、shRNA2组较shNC组和脂质体组相差显著(P值均＜0.05).shRNA1组和shRNA2组移植瘤的5-LOX、VEGF mRNA和蛋白的表达较shNC组和脂质体组均显著减少,但两治疗组之间未见明显差异,shNC组和脂质体组之间也无明显差异.结论 靶向5-LOX的RNA干扰治疗通过直接抑制5-LOX的表达、间接抑制VEGF的表达而抑制SW1990裸鼠移植瘤的生长.     

Inhibitory effect of interferon-α-2b on expression of cyclooxygenase-2 and vascular endothelial growth factor in human hepatocellular carcinoma inoculated in nude mice

AIM： To evaluate the effects of interferon-α-2b （IFN- α-2b） on expression of cyclooxygenase-2 （COX-2） and vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF） in human hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC） inoculated in nude mice and to study the underlying mechanism of IFN-α- 2b against HCC growth. METHODS： Thirb/-two nude mice bearing human HCC were randomly divided into four groups （n = 8）. On the 10th day after implantation of HCC cells, the mice in test groups （groups A, B and C） received IFN-α- 2b at a serial dose （10000 IU for group A, 20000 IU for group B, 40000 IU for group C sc daily） for 35 d. The mice in control group received normal saline （NS）. The growth conditions of transplanted tumors were observed. Both genes and proteins of COX-2 and VEGF were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot. Apoptosis of tumor cells in nude mice was detected by TUNEL assay after treatment with IFN-α-2b. RESULTS： Tumors were significantly smaller and had a lower weight in the IFN-α-2b treatment groups than those in the control group （P 〈 0.01）, and the tumor growth inhibition rate in groups A, B and C was 27.78%, 65.22% and 49.64%, respectively. The expression levels of both genes and proteins of COX-2 and VEGF were much lower in the IFN-α-2b treatment groups than in the control group （P 〈 0.01）. The apoptosis index （AI） of tumor cells in the IFN-α-2b treatment groups was markedly higher than that in the control group （P 〈 0.01）. Group B had a higher inhibition rate of tumor growth, a lower expression level of COX-2 and VEGF and a higher AI than groups A and C （P 〈 0.05）, but there was no significant difference between groups A and C. CONCLUSION： The inhibitory effects of IFN-α-2b on implanted tumor growth and apoptosis may be associated with the down-regulation of COX-2 and VEGF expression. There is a dose-effect relationship. The medium dose of IFN-α-2b for inhibiting tumor growth is 20 000 IU/d.     

西咪替丁抑制人肠癌裸鼠移植瘤

目的：研究西咪替丁对人结肠癌裸鼠移植瘤生长的抑制作用及机制。方法：建立人结肠癌裸鼠皮下移植瘤模型。随机分2组,每组5只实验鼠。肿瘤种植前3 d开始分别皮下注射生理盐水(对照组)或西咪替丁(治疗组),每天1次,观察成瘤时间及瘤体成长情况。肿瘤种植后第7周处死实验鼠,测定瘤体大小,并用免疫组化方法测定肿瘤组织内微血管密度(MVD)和血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)的表达。结果：治疗组肿瘤体积明显小于对照组;治疗组肿瘤组织中的VEGF表达程度和MVD计数亦明显低于对照组。结论：西咪替丁通过抑制VEGF表达,减少血管生成,从而抑制肿瘤生长。