闭合性颅脑外伤患者事件相关电位的研究

目的：研究ERP对闭合性颅脑外伤患者脑认知功能变化的评估作用。方法：应用Medicid-03E脑诱发电位仪测定168例闭合性颅脑外伤患者的视觉（图像）、听觉诱发的P3波之潜伏期和波幅，并与正常对照组作比较，54例患者进行复测比较。结果：病人组P3潜伏期较正常对照组明显延长（P＜0．001），波幅降低；P3波潜伏期、波幅与患者病情严重程度相关；有原发昏迷者改变尤为突出；随着病情的好转，P3潜伏期逐渐缩短，波幅亦逐渐增高。结论：ERP是测定闭合性颅脑外伤患者脑认知功能变化的一项客观指标。     

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE COURSE OF THE DISEASE AND P300 OF PATIENTS WITH CLOSED CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA

目的：研究闭合性颅脑外伤患者病程与P300之间的关系,并探讨作P300测定的最佳时间.方法：应用Medicid-03E脑诱发电位仪测定518例闭合性颅脑外伤患者的视觉刺激诱发的P300波之潜伏期和波幅.结果：病人组P300波潜伏期较正常对照组明显延长,波幅也明显降低.结论：P300波的变化可作为判断闭合性颅脑外伤患者脑认知功能变化的一项客观指标.     

闭合性颅脑外伤患者病程与P300之间关系的研究

目的：研究闭合性颅脑外伤患病程与Ｐ３００之间的关系,探讨此类患作Ｐ３００测定的最佳时间,方法：应用Ｍｅｄｉｃｉｄ－３０Ｅ脑诱发电位仪测定５１８例闭合性颅脑外伤患的视觉（图像）刺激诱发的Ｐ３００波之潜伏期和波幅。对其中异常的３８５例与２１４例正常对照组作比较,并比较不同伤情、伤后不同时间患的Ｐ３００波。结果：病人组Ｐ３００波潜伏期较正常对照组明显延长（Ｐ〈０．００１）,波幅亦明显降低（Ｐ〈０     

老年糖尿病人P300认知电位改变及相关因素分析

目的：了解老年糖尿病人P300认知电位的改变及与病程、糖代谢及并发症的关系。方法：采用听觉oddball序列刺激的诱发电位方法对50例老年糖尿病人及20例健康老年人进行测试。结果：糖尿病组与对照组比较,糖尿病并腔隙性脑梗塞组与无脑梗塞组比较P300波潜伏期显著延长,P300波波幅显著降低,糖尿病组P300波潜伏期和波幅与病程长短、糖化血红蛋白及有无高血压病无明显相关。结论：老年糖尿病人比正常老年人P300波潜伏期明显延长,P300波波幅明显降低,合并腔隙性梗塞可能是其P300波改变的主要原因之一。     

首发精神分裂症女性患者雌激素与事件相关电位的相关性

目的：研究首发精神分裂症女性患者雌激素与事件相关电位（ERP）P300的关系。方法：采用放射免疫法测定30例首发精神分裂症女性患者（患者组）与20名正常女性（对照组）的血清雌激素水平;并用ERPP300（即P3波）评定患者认知功能。结果：①患者组雌二醇（E2）水平低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;②与正常对照组比较,患者组靶刺激N1、N2和P3波及非靶刺激P2波潜伏期延迟,靶刺激P3波及非靶刺激P2波波幅降低;③患者组E2水平与P300潜伏期呈显著负相关（r=-0．43,P=0．02）。结论：首发精神分裂症女性患者存在雌激素水平下降,以及注意力、记忆力缺陷和认知加工缓慢等认知障碍,雌激素水平与认知功能呈显著相关。     

抽动秽语综合征患儿的脑电图与事件相关电位分析

目的：探讨抽动秽语综合征（TS）患儿的脑电图与听觉事件相关电位（ERP）P300潜伏期（PL）和波幅（Amp）与认知功能的相关性,评价脑电图与P300在脑功能及认知功能测试中的应用价值。方法：选择2002年3月～2012年1月在德州市人民医院门诊诊治的TS患儿56例为患者组,其中男38例,女18例;年龄4～12岁,平均8岁;诊断标准参照DSW—IV关于抽动障碍的分类及诊断标准。随机抽取正常健康体检者54例作为对照,其中男37例,女17例;年龄4～14岁;平均8．84岁;无躯体及精神疾患,既往身体健康。在闭目安静状态下,常规脑电图描记,部分病例作闪光刺激试验及蝶骨电极描记。听觉ERP的P300使用上海NDI200F肌电诱发电位仪,在20-25℃安静屏蔽室内检查,检查前3d内禁止服镇静药和抗精神病药物。结果：患者组56例中,脑电图正常及边缘状态28例,轻度异常18例,中度异常10例,总异常率为50％（28／56）。对照组54例中,脑电图呈正常及边缘状态52例,轻度异常2例,无中度异常及重度异常,总异常率为4％（2／54）。患者组与对照组脑电图异常率和异常程度比较差异有显著意义（χ^2=51．9988,P〈0．001）。患者组听觉P300潜伏期延长者34例（61％）,波幅降低者30例（包括单纯波幅降低者8例）（50．4％）,总异常率为75％。患者组与对照组比较差异有显著意义（P〈0．05）。结论：脑电图异常结果提示TS患儿有一定的脑功能障碍,听觉ERPP300潜伏期延长及波幅降低说明听觉系统受到一定的损害,从而出现强迫思维或行为、注意力障碍、多动、学习困难、冲动行为,少数有严重的自伤行为等现象。     

高血压患者抑制控制加工异常的ERP研究

目的：探讨高血压患者抑制控制缺陷的神经电生理机制。方法：采用视觉事件相关电位（ERP）Go-Nogo实验范式,选取高血压患者14例和正常对照15例进行研究。视觉刺激物为随机出现的等边三角图形,要求被试看到两个三角形（Go刺激）时尽快尽准确地按键,看到一个三角形（Nogo刺激）时不按键。Go刺激和Nogo刺激概率分别为60％、40％,随机呈现,记录行为学数据和32道ERP数据。结果：两组被试的行为学数据比较差异无统计学意义,ERP结果发现：N2d波、P3d波潜伏期高血压组明显高于对照组[N2d：F（1.27）=25．858,P=0．000,P3d：F（1.27）=6．013,P=0．021],差异有统计学意义,Nogo—N2波波幅[F（1.27）=3．391,P=0．077]、潜伏期[F（1.27）=3．783,P=0．062]及N2d波波幅[F（1．27）=2．968,P=0．096]组间差异边缘性显著。P3d波波幅、NogoP3波幅和潜伏期无明显组别差异。结论：高血压患者早期冲突监控机制异常,在200～300ms时间窗内抑制控制加工障碍,为高血压病的进一步研究提供神经电生理依据。     

老年糖尿病人脑CT与事件相关电位改变

目的：探讨老年糖尿病人事件相关电位的改变。方法：应用听觉ｏｄｄｂａｌ序列刺激的事件相关电位方法对老年糖尿病人（Ⅱ型）３０例（病人组），健康老年人２０人（对照组）进行比较。结果：病人组较对照组Ｐ３波潜伏期延长，波幅降低，经统计学处理有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０５）。病人组脑ＣＴ检查证实中枢神经系统存在病变（脑萎缩与腔隙性脑梗塞）者，其Ｐ３波潜伏期延长与波幅降低显著。结论：脑ＣＴ和脑事件相关电位检测对老年糖尿病合并中枢神经病变程度的了解，以及指导治疗有重要作用     

用听觉脑干反应评价Alzheimer病对脑干功能的影响

目的：为观察Ａｌｚｈｅｉｍｅｒ病（ＡＤ）患者听觉脑干反应（ＡＢＲ）的变化。方法：共有４０例正常老人和３２例ＡＤ患者,应用丹麦电生理仪以及Ｃｌｉｃｋ短声刺激,完成了ＡＢＲ检测。结果：ＡＤ组波形呈离散性变化,绝对潜伏期波Ｖ以及绝对波幅波Ⅰ、波Ⅱ、波Ⅲ、波Ⅴ在Ｆｚ、Ｃｚ和Ｐｚ三个记录点上有差异（ｐ＜００５或ｐ＜００１）。在中央区波Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ均呈左右侧不对称。与正常老人比较,ＡＤ患者ＡＢＲ绝对潜伏期波Ⅰ延迟（ｐ＜００１）,绝对波幅波Ⅰ、波Ⅲ、波Ⅴ和波Ⅵ均降低（ｐ＜００１或ｐ＜００５）。结论：提示本组ＡＤ患者ＡＢＲ异常在听神经至桥脑下段之间     

听觉和视觉认知电位P300系列成分的临床电生理学特征

目的:通过对视觉和听觉事件相关电位P300系列成分的研究,了解其临床电生理学特征,从而为临床评价脑认知功能的状态提供依据。方法:使用经典的Odball P300刺激范式对29名志愿者分别进行视觉、听觉刺激,采用64导ERP数据采集分析系统进行数据采集及离线分析。使用SPSS 17.0对所得数据进行统计分析。结果:听觉P1波幅和潜伏期的性别主效应均显著(F=5.44,22.45;P=0.02,0.00),N1波幅的性别和电极部位主效应也均显著(F=4.50,17.85;P=0.04,0.00),P2波幅的电极部位主效应明显(F=17.64,P=0.00);而视觉P1、N1、P2的波幅和潜伏期中,仅P2波幅的电极部位主效应显著(F=3.51,P=0.04)。视觉性P1、N1、P2电位潜伏期明显小于听觉性P1、N1、P2(F=20.45,104.12,107.26;P=0.00),P1和N1的波幅明显低于听觉性P1、N1(F=7.05,133.82;P=0.01,0.00),听觉性N2、P300电位潜伏期明显大于视觉性N2和P300(F=52.43,52.64;P=0.00),视觉N2的波幅也明显高于听觉性N2(F=26.00,P=0.00),但视觉性P300波幅与听觉性P300无差异(F=0.00,P=0.989)。结论:听觉诱发电位具有早期外源性感知电位影响因素较多,P300等晚期内源性认知电位虽然相对稳定,但有波幅较低的缺点;视觉诱发电位早期外源性感知电位同样结果较稳定但波幅低,而晚期内源性认知电位具有波幅高和波形分化好的优点。因此同时检测视觉和听觉P300能够更加准确地评价大脑的认知功能。     

P300 in multiple sclerosis: a preliminary report.

The P300 component of the event-related brain potential (ERP) elicited with auditory stimuli and pattern-shift visual evoked potentials (VEPs) was obtained from 16 patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and 16 matched control subjects. P300 latency was significantly longer and component amplitude relatively depressed in the MS patients compared to control subjects. The P100 potential of the VEP also was delayed for both full-field and half-field stimulus conditions in the patients compared to control subjects. The findings suggest that the P300 ERP may reflect the cognitive decline associated with MS.     

Characteristics of No-go-P300 component during somatosensory Go/No-go paradigms

The present study investigated one of the characteristics of No-go-related brain activity during somatosensory Go/No-go paradigms, by manipulating the stimulus site and response hand. Somatosensory event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded in ten right-handed subjects. Electrical stimulation was delivered to the second and fifth digit of one hand, and the subjects had to respond to a Go stimulus by pushing a button with the thumb contralateral to the stimulated side as quickly as possible. We focused on the peak amplitude and latency of Som-Go-P300 (P300 evoked by somatosensory Go stimuli) and Som-No-go-P300 (P300 evoked by somatosensory No-go stimuli) components. The amplitude of Som-No-go-P300, which is very similar to No-go-P300 components following visual and auditory stimulation, was significantly larger than that of Som-Go-P300 at fronto-central electrodes, indicating ‘anteriorization’ of the No-go-P300. The amplitude of Som-No-go-P300 was significantly larger in right than left hemispheres during right hand response conditions, but this difference was not found under left hand conditions. In addition, the difference in amplitude between Som-Go- and Som-No-go-P300, which is frequently described as ‘the Go/No-go effect’ on P300, was significant in the left hemisphere under right hand response conditions, whereas a significant effect was found in both the left and the right hemispheres under left hand response conditions. Our findings suggested that the anteriorization of No-go-P300 was independent of stimulus modalities such as visual, auditory, and somatosensory, and the amplitude of No-go-P300 and Go/No-go effects on P300 was affected by the response hand.     

军人创伤后应激障碍患者的多种诱发电位变异与临床随访

目的:探讨军人创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)患者诱发电位(BEP)的特征和治疗后的变化,及其与精神症状的关系.方法:应用美国Nicolet Bravo脑诱发电位仪、症状自评量表(SCL-90)和事件影响量表(IES),对86例军人PTSD患者(PTSD组)和56名健康军人(对照组)进行了P300、听觉诱发电位(AEP)、视觉诱发电位(VEP)、SCL-90和IES的测试,并对PTSD组于治疗后3.5个月进行了随访.结果:PTSD组治疗前与对照组比较,P300的P3(t=3.32,P＜0.01)、AEP的N2(t=2.26,P＜0.05)和VEP的P2(t=2.85,P＜0.01)潜伏期均延迟,P300的P3波幅升高(t=4.35,P＜0.01);治疗后与治疗前比较,P300的P3(t=2.80,P＜0.01)和VEP的P2(t=2.34,P＜0.05)潜伏期前移、P300的靶P3波幅降低(t=3.78,P＜0.01);治疗后与对照组比较差异均无显著性(P＞0.05).治疗前BEP各指标与SCL-90、IES及其因子分,以及治疗前后的BEP各指标差值与SCL-90、IES及其因子分的差值,部分有显著性相关(P＜0.05～0.01).结论:PTSD患者诱发电位的变化可能是状态标志,多项BEP指标联合可试用于监测军人精神健康.     

焦虑症患者VEP及AEP临床研究

目的：观察焦虑症患者听觉诱发电位(AEP)及视觉诱发电位(VEP)的特点。方法：对30例符合CCMD-Ⅱ-R诊断标准的焦虑症患者进行VEP和AEP检查，并以30例正常人作对照。结果：VEP在Fz及Cz处的P2、P3波幅明显降低，在Cz处N1潜伏期延长；AEP在Cz及P2处的P2、P3波波幅明显降低，N1潜伏期延长，在Cz处P2潜伏期延长。结论：焦虑症患者的VEP、AEP有波幅降低，潜伏期延长。     

BRAIN DYSFUNCTION OF PATIENTS WITH QIGONG INDUCED MENTAL DISORDER REVEALED BY EVOKED POTENTIALS RECORDING

Objective: In order to investigate the brain function of patients with Qigong induced mental disorder (QIMD), this study was carried out. Methods: Four kinds of evoked potentials, including contingent negative variation ( CNV) , auditory evoked potentials ( AEP) , visual evoked potentials ( VEP), and so-matosensory evoked potentials (SEP), were recorded from 12 patients with Qigong induced mental disorder. Comparison of their evoked potentials with the data from some normal controls was made. Results: The results revealed that there were 3 kinds of abnormal changes in evoked potentials of patients with QIMD that is latency prolongation, amplitude increase and amplitude decrease, as compared with normal controls. Conclusion: Brain dysfunction of patients with QIMD was confirmed. Its biological mechanism needs further studying.     

Meta-analysis of P300 and schizophrenia: patients, paradigms, and practical implications

The goal of the present meta-analysis was to identify factors that contribute to P300 event-related brain potential (ERP) differences in patients with schizophrenia compared to unaffected controls in an attempt to characterize the clinically relevant dimensions underlying P300 deficits in patients with schizophrenia. P300 effect size (d) was smaller in amplitude and longer in latency in schizophrenic patients compared to normal controls, with the strongest effects obtained from the auditory oddball. Paranoid subtype demonstrated larger P300 amplitude effect sizes than other disease subtypes, and P300 latency effect size decreased with disease duration. Psychopathology severity and antipsychotic medications were unrelated to P300 amplitude effect size. Gender proportion, educational level, and stimulus and task variables also affected P300 amplitude and latency effect sizes. The findings are used to formulate a theoretical account of the empirical data and provide suggestions for maximizing the utility of the P300 component in the assessment of schizophrenia.     

Concurrent visual task effects on evoked and emitted auditory p300 in adolescents

Using an oddball stimulus presentation paradigm, the effects of divided attention on auditory P300s were studied. Auditory attention was either divided or focused, depending on the demands placed on subjects during the performance of a concomitantly presented visual task. Two types of auditory tasks were performed under each of the two auditory attention conditions. In one, subjects responded to infrequently presented high pitched tones (oddball stimuli). In the other they responded to the occasional omission of a stimulus in an otherwise rhythmically presented chain of stimuli. P300s and reaction times were recorded to both the rare tones and the omissions. The Sternberg visual memory task was used to manipulate the subject's auditory attention state. Subjects actively performed the Sternberg task during the divided auditory attention condition, whereas during the focused attention condition they were not required to respond to the visual stimuli. During focused auditory attention, evoked auditory P300s were both larger and faster than their emitted counterparts. During divided attention, auditory P300s were reduced in amplitude but latency was unaffected. Evoked auditory P300s showed evidence of containing P300a as well as P300b components, particularly when attention was shared with the visual task.     

阿尔茨海默病与脑血管病痴呆患者的诱发电位比较研究

目的：观察阿尔茨海默病痴呆（AD）和脑血管病痴呆（VD）视觉及听觉诱发电位的特点。方法：收集25例AD组、24例VD及22名正常老年人（NC），完成听觉诱发电位（AEP）和视觉诱发电位（VEP）检查，并进行简易智力状态检查（MMSE）评分比较。结果：与NC组相比，AD组AEP的N1、P2，VEP的P1潜伏期延迟，AEP的P2、P2，VEP的P2、P3波幅降低；VD组VEP的P2潜伏期延迟，P2和P3波幅降低。AD组和VD组相比，AD组AEP的N1、P2潜伏期延迟于VD组。AD组VEP的P2波的潜伏期，VD组AEP的P3波幅及VEP的N1潜伏期改变与其MMSE评分有关联。结论：AD组和VD组的诱发电位有类似变化，两组的VEP和AEP变化与MMSE相关。