Evaluación de la alimentación y consumo de nutrientes en menores de 3 años. Estudio piloto ALSALMA

ObjectiveThe present study evaluates energy and nutrient intake in Spanish children under three years of age, and compares the results with the current recommendations in order to identify possible inadequate nutrient intake.Patients and methodsA cross-sectional pilot study. The mothers completed a diet diary for four non-consecutive days, recording the products and amounts consumed by their children. Nutrient intake was calculated, and the results were compared with the dietary reference intakes (DRI) for each age group.ResultsA total of 188 children (93 boys and 95 girls) aged 0-6 (n = 41), 7-12 (n = 24), 13-24 (n = 57), and 25-36 months (n = 66) were included. Statistically significant differences in DRI were observed for most of the nutrients analyzed. Protein intake, in particular was 376% of DRI in children between 1-3 years of age. By age groups, 96% of the children aged 7-12 months, 88% of the children aged 13-24 months, and 97% of the children aged 25-36 months showed protein intakes more than two-fold DRI.ConclusionsNutrient intake differed from the DRI, particularly as regards proteins. A new study is required to determine whether the observed study deviations could be representative of the national population of this age group, as well as the possible effects on child health.     

Promoción de la lectura en etapas precoces desde atención primaria en una zona de exclusión social

IntroductionReading is a tool that stimulates brain activity, increasing its cognitive reserve and providing innumerable benefits such as the stimulation of empathy, concentration or language development. Promoting reading at a very early age helps develop reading skills correctly. However, social inequalities can result in this practice being carried out less in groups of low socioeconomic, social or cultural levels. The purpose of this study was to assess the outcomes of a promoting reading habits intervention in a primary health care center located in a social transformation district by talking to the parents, providing books to families and encouraging books to become a part of children's play preferences.Materials and methodsA non-random intervention study in which children born in 2015 and registered in a particular health center took part. A reading promotion intervention was carried out at the ages of 4, 6, 12 and 18 months and at 24 months their preference for reading activities was assessed in relation to other leisure activities.ResultsThree hundred forty-two subjects were included, 154 allocated in the intervention group and 188 in the control group. The children in the intervention group exhibited a greater preference for reading as a leisure activity as compared to those in the control group (reading ranked in last position of favourite activities in 18.8 vs. 33.9%; p=0.003). The variables found on multivariate analysis to have a greater influence on reading position in the ranking of favorite activities were not having participated in the intervention OR: 2.06 (1.19-3.58) and gipsy ethnicity, OR: 2.37 (1.38-4.09).ConclusionsResults reveal a slight improvement in the preference for reading as an activity in the children that took part in the literacy program.     

Pulmón del cuidador de palomas

Bird fancier's or breeder's lung is an unusual hypersensitivity pneumonitis found in pediatric patients, due to avian antigen inhalation.A case of pigeon breeder's lung in a 12 years old child is presented. Clinical symptoms were dry cough for 15 days, dyspnea and weight loss. Physical examination of the patient showed cyanosis, chest tightness, tachypnea, inspiratory crackles and oxygen saturation of 91% in room air. Laboratory data revealed hypergammaglobulinemia and elevated LDH. Pulmonary function testing showed a mixed ventilatory pattern and a decreased carbon monoxide diffusion (DLCO) capacity. Radiological findings were compatible with hypersensitivity pneumonitis, and pigeon IgG antibodies (ELISA) and skin tests with pigeon serum were positive. The child improved with corticoid therapy and antigen avoidance.