大孔吸附树脂分离纯化何首乌有效成分二苯乙烯苷的研究

目的研究不同型号大孔吸附树脂纯化何首乌中二苯乙烯苷的工艺条件及参数。方法以静态饱和吸附量、洗脱量、静态洗脱率为考察指标,比较了7种大孔树脂,并对HPD500树脂的动态比上柱量、比吸附量、比洗脱量进行了考察,以二苯乙烯苷转移率和纯度为指标对树脂吸附工艺条件进行了筛选。结果所比较的7种树脂中,HPD500型树脂具有最佳的吸附及洗脱参数,其动态饱和吸附量达到151.7mg·g-1干树脂,其最佳工艺为以6倍柱体积去离子水、4倍柱体积10%乙醇、6倍柱体积60%乙醇依次洗脱,二苯乙烯苷转移率为95%,其纯度为75.3%。结论HPD500树脂吸附性能较好,适合于何首乌中二苯乙烯苷的纯化。     

大孔树脂纯化艾叶总黄酮的研究

目的研究不同型号大孔树脂纯化艾叶总黄酮的工艺条件及参数。方法以静态饱和吸附量、洗脱量、静态洗脱率为考察指标,比较了5种大孔树脂,以总黄酮的转移率和含量为指标对树脂吸附工艺条件进行了筛选。结果所比较的5种大孔吸附树脂中,AB-8树脂具有最佳的吸附及洗脱参数,其最佳工艺为：上样液浓度为4．42mg·mL^-1,上样液pH值为4．0,用70％乙醇以3mL/min速度洗脱。总黄酮转移率约为82％,其含量约为64％。结论AB-8树脂综合性能较好,适合于艾叶中总黄酮的分离纯化。     

大孔树脂分离纯化大麻果胶中的总黄酮

目的 研究不同型号大孔吸附树脂纯化大麻科植物汉麻果胶中总黄酮的工艺条件及参数.方法 以总黄酮静态饱和吸附量、静态洗脱率为考察指标,对8种大孔吸附树脂的吸附工艺条件进行筛选.结果 D-101树脂具有最佳的吸附及洗脱参数,其最佳工艺为:上样浓度0.6 g生药/ml,以10倍去离子水、10倍70%乙醇依次进行洗脱,流速为2 ...     

大孔吸附树脂对半枝莲中黄酮类成分的分离研究

目的以半枝莲中黄酮类成分为分离对象,进行大孔树脂分离工艺优化和分离研究。方法采用溶剂提取法对半枝莲中有效成分进行提取,以其总黄酮的含量为指标,比较4种不同种类大孔树脂(D1400,HPD-100,D101,NKA-2)的吸附性能。并选择吸附性能最优的大孔树脂分离半枝莲中的黄酮类组分,结合HPLC进行分析检测。结果采用70%乙醇水溶液提取(药材溶剂比为1∶8),得到理想的出膏率11.67%(g/g)。UV法测定结果表明,半枝莲提取物中黄酮类成分含量较高18.34%(mg/g)。D101树脂对总黄酮的吸附率最高52.9%(mg/mg)。结论半枝莲中黄酮类成分含量较高,采用D101型大孔树脂分离能够达到理想的吸附效果,总黄酮成分主要集中在大孔树脂分离的20%乙醇水溶液洗脱组分中。     

应用大孔吸附树脂技术分离皱瘤海鞘的水溶性成份

目的:利用大孔吸附树脂对皱瘤海鞘的水溶性成份进行初步分离.方法:将皱瘤海鞘的水溶性部分上大孔吸附树脂柱层析,用不同浓度的乙醇溶液洗脱,将样品进行初步分离.结果:将皱瘤海鞘水溶性成份分为不同性质的几个部分.结论:利用大孔吸附树脂可成功分离皱瘤海鞘的水溶性成份.     

大孔树脂吸附法分离丹酚酸

目的筛选大孔树脂吸附法分离丹酚酸的最佳条件。方法采用动态吸附-解吸方法,用HPLC法测定丹酚酸B的含量对工艺进行评价。结果采用ZTC-1型大孔吸附树脂,上柱量按每毫升树脂吸附7.95mg丹酚酸B计算,以4倍柱体积水洗脱;收集30%乙醇洗脱液,约为6倍柱体积。总丹酚酸得率为7.9%,含丹酚酸B为77.8%。结论该法简单可行,分离效果好,可为工业生产提供参考数据。     

不同型号大孔树脂对分蘖葱头总黄酮吸附的研究

目的 研究不同型号大孔吸附树脂分离纯化分蘖葱头总黄酮的工艺条件和参数,优选分离纯化分蘖葱头总黄酮的大孔吸附树脂。方法 比较了9种大孔树脂对分蘖葱头总黄酮的吸附性能,以分蘖葱头中的代表成分槲皮素为考察指标,对大孔树脂纯化分蘖葱头的工艺进行筛选。结果 AB-8树脂对分蘖葱头总黄酮的吸附性能最好,达到静态交换容量为36．05mg·g^-1干树脂,吸附率为97．29％,动态吸附量为5．07mg·g^-1干树脂,吸附率为83．3％,解吸率为76．9％。结论 AB-8树脂吸附分蘖葱头总黄酮的纯化方法可取,具有良好的应用前景。     

大孔树脂吸附技术在中药制剂中的应用

大孔树脂是20世纪70年代末发展起来的一类有较好吸附性能的有机高聚物吸附剂。近年来，大孔树脂吸附技术已广泛用于中草药有效成分的提取、分离、纯化工艺，且越来越多的用于中成药制备工艺。本介绍大孔吸附树脂的性能、分离原理、吸附和解吸作用的影响因素及树脂的预处理和再生。并总结近年来大孔吸附树脂在中药制剂工艺改革中和中药制剂质量控制预处理中的应用。在中药制剂工艺中，使用该技术可以简化工艺，降低成本，使产品的收率和质量明显提高；在中药制剂质量控制预处理中，该技术可有效地除去某些干扰成分，对中药质量控制有良好效果。为大孔吸附树脂在药用植物有效成分分离和复方制剂的纯化中的应用提供参考。     

大孔树脂分离治伤灵口服液中芍药苷的研究

目的 研究D101大孔树脂对治伤灵口服液中芍药苷的吸附性能及分离纯化的工艺参数。方法采用HPLC法测定芍药苷含量,通过考察pH值对吸附的影响、吸附容量、洗脱剂选择及其用量等因素对芍药苷分离纯化的影响,确定工艺参数。结果D101大孔树脂对芍药苷的适宜交换吸附条件为pH=4,最大上柱量以芍药苷计为3．661mg·g^-1树脂,水洗除去杂质,洗脱剂为40％乙醇溶液,用量为8个柱体积（BV）。结论D101大孔树脂能提高芍药苷纯度,为芍药苷含量测定提供保证。     

地黄中寡糖的提取分离工艺研究

目的研究地黄(Rehmannia glutinosa)中寡糖的提取分离工艺。方法建立水苏糖的HPLC测定法;以水苏糖含量为指标,采用正交试验优化地黄水提取物的提取工艺,对水提物进一步用离子交换树脂进一步纯化,再进行活性炭柱层析,以不同浓度梯度乙醇洗脱,分得寡糖的不同部位。结果地黄水提取的最佳工艺为A283C2,即溶剂(水)体积lO倍,提取3次,每次提取1h。水提物经活性炭柱层析得到4个部位,部位Ⅰ～Ⅳ,其中部位Ⅱ及部位Ⅲ中水苏糖的含量分别为20．99％及60．5l％。结论地黄水提取的较佳工艺条件为A283C2,活性炭柱层析可以较好地将地黄中寡糖进行分离,其中水苏糖的HPLC测定法简便、稳定、可靠。     

Separation and purification of I from tellurium material using ion exchange for preparing tetra-butyl ammonium iodide (I)

A comparison of the distribution coefficients (K_d) of tellurium and iodine-131 (¹³¹I) between hydrochloric acid of various concentrations (without and in presence of 0.1 M thiourea) and the cation exchange resin (Dowex50WX8) was studied. The K_d of tellurium and ¹³¹I at different concentrations of thiourea in 0.1 M HCl on the Dowex50WX8 was also studied. The results clarified that the maximum uptake of tellurium was 98% on the Dowex50WX8, while the uptakes of ¹³¹I and thiourea are 1.96% and 70%, respectively. To purify ¹³¹I from thiourea (30%), which is not retained on Dowex50WX8, the remaining solution was shaken with different types of anion exchangers (Dowex21 K, Dowex1X8, and Dowex1X2) within 60 min. The most suitable anion exchanger, which gave the maximum uptake of ¹³¹I (80%) was Dowex21 K. Finally, ¹³¹I was re-extracted from Dowex21 K into 5 mM TBAB with a separation yield of 98%. Quality control on the separated product of tetra-butyl ammonium iodide (¹³¹I) was carried out.     

茜草糖蛋白QC的分离纯化及结构探讨

提取分离茜草（ＲｕｂｉａｃｏｒｄｉｆｏｌｉａＬ．）中的活性糖蛋白，并进行结构分析。方法用ＤＥＡＥ－纤维素和ＳｅｐｈａｄｅｘＧ－１５０柱层析纯化茜草粗多糖，得到糖蛋白ＱＣ。用高效液相色谱法（ＨＰＬＣ）（ＩｏｎｐａｋＳ－８０５柱）检查纯度并测定相对分子质量。用薄层层析色谱法（ＴＬＣ）、气相色 法（ＧＣ）、气－质联用色谱法（ＧＣ－ＭＳ）及红外光谱分析其多糖的结构，结果糖蛋白ＱＣ经ＨＰＬＣ检查为单一对称峰     

长双歧杆菌NCC2705 ATP结合蛋白BL0034表达与活性检测

目的克隆长双歧杆菌NCC2705中ATP结合蛋白BL0034的基因,利用大肠杆菌表达并纯化GST-BL0034融合蛋白,测定其结合ATP的活性。方法以长双歧杆菌NCC2705基因组为模板PCR扩增BL0034基因,双酶切后连接到pGEX-4T-1表达载体上,转入大肠杆菌BL21中表达;用谷胱甘肽-Sepharose 4B树脂对可溶性的GST-BL0034融合蛋白进行纯化,并用Western印迹验证。结果将BL0034基因克隆至质粒pGEX-4T-1,构建表达载体pGEX-4T-1-BL0034。BL0034经0.05 mmoL/L IPTG诱导,16℃过夜表达,SDS-PAGE可见相对分子质量约为82×103的可溶性表达条带;亲和纯化GST-BL0034,Western印迹结果为阳性。对纯化后的融合BL0033蛋白结合ATP的能力进行了定量测定,每毫克BL0034蛋白能结合约40 nmol/L ATP。结论成功克隆了BL0034蛋白的基因,表达并纯化GST-BL0034蛋白,证实了BL0034与ATP具有较强的结合能力,为进一步研究长双歧杆菌NCC2705 BL0034蛋白的功能奠定了基础,为阐明其在果糖ABC转运系统中如何通过水解ATP产生能量提供了前提。     

Radiotracer technique in adsorption study: Part XVII. Removal Behaviour of Alkali Metal (K- and Li-) Titanates for Cd(II)

Alkali metal (potassium and lithium) titanates were synthesized and employed for the efficient removal of Cd(II) ions from aqueous solutions using the radiotracer technique. The possible mechanism involved at the solid/solution interface was deduced with the help of various physico–chemical data, i.e. effect of adsorptive concentration temperature and pH. The effect of added cations and H⁺ (HCl/H₂SO₄) in the uptake process was also seen. The radiation stability of these materials in the adsorption process was assessed by employing a 11.1 GBq (Ra–Be) neutron source having an integral neutron flux of 3.85×10⁶ n·cm⁻² s⁻¹ and associated with a nominal γ-dose of ca. 1.72 Gy/h.     

Separation of diatoms from digestive solution: a combination of membrane filtering and vacuum pumping

Diagnosis of drowning remains challenging in forensic science. The diatom test is the ‘gold standard’ in analysing drowning victims. The conventional diatom test method consists of organic matters digestion, diatom separation or enrichment, and observation. Many methods have been developed for isolating and separating diatoms from organs and tissues. After the organic matters have being digested, centrifugation is the most widely used method to separate diatoms from the digestive solution. However, many diatoms are lost in the centrifugation process and this can lead to a false negative result. In order to avoid diatom loss, in this study we used a custom-designed vacuum filtration device to separate diatoms from digestive solution. Standard samples of the five most commonly presented diatoms (Navicula, Nitzschia, Cyclotella, Synedra and Gomphonema) in China’s three major rivers (the Yellow River, the Yangtze River and the Pearl River) and lung, liver, and kidney tissues of drowning cases were used to study the validity of the vacuum filtration method. Our device with a custom-designed vacuum filtration system can result in a higher reclaiming rate and increase the number of diatoms detected in the tissues. The vacuum filtration method provides valuable technology for the separation and enrichment process for the forensic diatom test.     

Isolation and genetic analysis of pure cells from forensic biological mixtures: The precision of a digital approach

Latest genotyping technologies allow to achieve a reliable genetic profile for the offender identification even from extremely minute biological evidence. The ultimate challenge occurs when genetic profiles need to be retrieved from a mixture, which is composed of biological material from two or more individuals. In this case, DNA profiling will often result in a complex genetic profile, which is then subject matter for statistical analysis.In principle, when more individuals contribute to a mixture with different biological fluids, their single genetic profiles can be obtained by separating the distinct cell types (e.g. epithelial cells, blood cells, sperm), prior to genotyping.Different approaches have been investigated for this purpose, such as fluorescent-activated cell sorting (FACS) or laser capture microdissection (LCM), but currently none of these methods can guarantee the complete separation of different type of cells present in a mixture.In other fields of application, such as oncology, DEPArray™ technology, an image-based, microfluidic digital sorter, has been widely proven to enable the separation of pure cells, with single-cell precision.This study investigates the applicability of DEPArray™ technology to forensic samples analysis, focusing on the resolution of the forensic mixture problem.For the first time, we report here the development of an application-specific DEPArray™ workflow enabling the detection and recovery of pure homogeneous cell pools from simulated blood/saliva and semen/saliva mixtures, providing full genetic match with genetic profiles of corresponding donors. In addition, we assess the performance of standard forensic methods for DNA quantitation and genotyping on low-count, DEPArray™-isolated cells, showing that pure, almost complete profiles can be obtained from as few as ten haploid cells. Finally, we explore the applicability in real casework samples, demonstrating that the described approach provides complete separation of cells with outstanding precision.In all examined cases, DEPArray™ technology proves to be a groundbreaking technology for the resolution of forensic biological mixtures, through the precise isolation of pure cells for an incontrovertible attribution of the obtained genetic profiles.