膀胱内缝扎前列腺动脉在耻骨上前列腺切除术中的应用

目的 探讨耻骨上前列腺摘除术中防止出血的有效方法。方法 对４８６例前列腺增生患者在耻骨上前列腺切除时作膀胱内前列腺动脉缝扎。结果 表明术中出血量明显减少,缩短了手术和术后康复的时间。结论 在耻骨上前列腺摘除术时,作膀胱内前列腺动脉缝扎具有安全、出血量少、疗效好、并发症少、手术简便易行、恢复快等优点,值得推广。     

耻骨上经膀胱前列腺摘除术后发生膀胱痉挛的原因分析及护理

目的分析耻骨上经膀胱前列腺摘除术后发生膀胱痉挛的原因及总结护理要点。方法2005年2月-2007年10月对114例前列腺增生症患者实施耻骨上经膀胱前列腺摘除术，观察术后发生膀胱痉挛的情况，并分析原因，给予针对性的护理对策。结果52例发生膀胱痉挛（占45．6％），其中由膀胱自身因素或神经系统因素所致26例（占50．O％），血块梗阻引流管所致19例（占36．5％），冷刺激所致4例（占7．7％），气囊过大压迫所致2例（占3．8％），手术中损伤膀胱黏膜所致1例（占1．9％）。结论对患者做好术前后心理护理，减轻焦虑因素引起的膀胱痉挛；术后保持膀胱引流通畅，做好管道引流护理，并配合中医技术护理，可预防、减轻、缓解和控制膀胱痉挛发作，从而达到减轻患者痛苦的目的。     

耻骨上经膀胱单孔机器人前列腺癌根治术的初步尝试

目的:总结耻骨上经膀胱单孔机器人辅助腹腔镜前列腺癌根治术的初步经验。方法:选择3例前列腺癌患者,完成单孔机器人辅助腹腔镜耻骨上经膀胱入路前列腺癌根治术。直视下建立并将单孔通道置入膀胱。手术过程包括沿前列腺边界环形切开膀胱颈,沿前列腺包膜分离并切除输精管、精囊,结扎前列腺侧韧带,不缝扎阴茎背深静脉复合体(DVC),离断前列腺尖部,切断尿道,行尿道膀胱颈吻合。结果:3例患者手术均由耻骨上经膀胱入路在单孔机器人辅助腹腔镜下完成。前列腺体积分别为16 mL、22 mL、43 mL。手术时间分别为90 min、120 min、150 min。术中出血量分别为50 mL、150 mL、200 mL。术中不留置膀胱造瘘管及伤口引流管,术后7～9 d拔除导尿管。拔管后患者完全控尿。结论:耻骨上经膀胱单孔机器人前列腺癌根治术对早期前列腺癌患者安全、有效,值得进一步推广。     

机器人辅助腹腔镜下耻骨上前列腺切除术

目的 探讨机器人辅助腹腔镜下耻骨上前列腺切除术治疗良性前列腺增生(BPH)的临床疗效.方法 应用ZEUS机器人AESOP(USA)操作臂持镜机器人腹腔镜下耻骨上前列腺切除治疗BPH患者21例.前列腺平均体积90(68～160)mL,平均剩余尿110(60～300)mL.合并膀胱结石11例.结果 21例手术均获成功.手术时间90(90～210)min,平均130min;出血量70～420mL,平均210mL;术后膀胱冲洗2～6d,平均3.5d.住院时间4～9d,平均6.5d.手术前后最大尿流率分别为(4.10±3.43)(0～7.3)和(19.5±5.05)(15.2～26.8)mL/s.手术前后比较差异有显著性(P<0.05).21例随访4～15个月无尿失禁及尿潴留发生.结论 机器人辅助腹腔镜下耻骨上前列腺切除治疗良性前列腺增生使手术效率提高,操作更精确,手术更安全,疗效满意.     

Sex life following suprapubic prostatectomy

95 patients who had undergone suprapubic prostatectomy (without complication) were questioned with regard to any alteration in sexual activity. There was a negative influence on sexual activity in more than half of the patients who claimed sexual potency preoperatively (80/95); however, only a few patients (3/80) regarded this loss as being an important problem in changing of sexuality. The following points should be considered before operation. 1. Anatomical structures which are responsible for erection are not destroyed during operation. 2. Retrograde ejaculation will appear in approximately 80% of patients after operation. 3. Decrease in sexual activity is to be expected in 40% of operated males, although no definite connection with the operation modalities can be established.     

Modification of suprapubic prostatectomy using a biological gluing technic

Fibrinogen cryoprecipitate, thrombin solution and factor XIII concentrate were used for gluing in suprapubic transvesical prostatectomy. The fibrin glue was applied to an absorbable collagen velour placed in the prostatic bed. Postoperative blood loss was significantly smaller than in a control group. The gluing technique resulted in a sparing of the number of blood transfusions, a reduction in disturbances of wound healing and a shortening of postoperative hospital stay. Negative consequences of this gluing technique have not so far been observed.     

保留尿道前列腺切除术与耻骨上前列腺切除术的疗效比较

目的：比较保留尿道前列腺切除术与耻骨上前列腺切除术的临床疗效。方法：对９０例耻骨上前列腺切除术（耻骨上组）与２３例保留尿道前列除术（保留尿道组）的临床资料进行回承性分析。结果：术中两组病人的手术时间、出血量无差别;术后两组病人的肠道功能恢复时间、使用抗生素时间和发热时间无差别;但保留尿道组在持续膀胱中冲洗时间,留置导尿管时间,术后住院时间均比耻骨上组缩短,总住院费用比耻骨上组减少。结论：对于良前列     

耻骨上前列腺切除术并发症的预防措施及效果观察

目的　探讨耻骨上前列腺切除术常见并发症的防治方法。方法　紧贴前列腺尖部捻断尿道 ,摘除前列腺后 ,采用腺窝口 5、7点处“8”字缝合 ,后唇及三角区粘膜下U字型沟槽状切除 ,将后唇粘膜缝入腺窝内的外科包膜上 ;术后 3d应用硬膜外腔接微量止痛泵持续注入吗啡、布比卡因、氟哌啶混合液 1ml/h止痛。结果　采用以上方法经治 5 4例 ,除 3例硬膜外导管脱出 ,1例止痛泵接点漏液外 ,5 0例术后无疼痛及膀胱痉挛。拔除尿管后 3例出现一过性尿失禁 ;4 2例随访 3个月～ 2年 ,37例排尿通畅 ,5例排尿困难 ,其中腺体残留 2例 ,尿道口狭窄 2例 ,后尿道狭窄 1例。结论　采用耻骨上前列腺切除可有效防治术后并发症的发生。     

护理干预对耻骨上前列腺摘除术后病人继发出血的影响

[目的]探讨有效的护理干预对耻骨上前列腺摘除术后病人减少继发出血的效果。[方法]对观察组病人于术前、术后、出院前．实施护理干预。对照组病人按常规护理。[结果]观察组病人术后3个月内继发出血者少于对照组。[结论]耻骨上前列腺摘除术后继发性出血与病人缺乏相关知识有关，通过合理的护理干预可提高病人相关知识，促进康复，减少术后继发出血的发生。     

护理干预对耻骨上前列腺摘除术后病人继发出血的影响

[目的]探讨有效的护理干预对耻骨上前列腺摘除术后病人减少继发出血的效果。[方法]对观察组病人于术前、术后、出院前实施护理干预。对照组病人按常规护理。[结果]观察组病人术后3个月内继发出血者少于对照组。[结论]耻骨上前列腺摘除术后继发性出血与病人缺乏相关知识有关,通过合理的护理干预可提高病人相关知识,促进康复,减少术后继发出血的发生。     

电汽化切割及绿激光汽化治疗前列腺增生

目的 评价经尿道电汽化切割(TUEVAP)和选择性绿激光汽化(PVP)治疗良性前列腺增生(BPH)的疗效.方法 BPH患者186例,根据治疗方法分为TUEVAP(92例)和PVP(94例)两组,比较各组的手术时间、术中出血量、术后留置导尿管时间、客观症状改善及并发症等情况.结果 患者手术前后国际前列腺症状评分(IPSS)、生活质量评分(QOL)、最大尿流率(Qmax)、剩余尿量(PVR)比较均得到显著改善(P＜0.01).两组术后客观症状的改善情况相比差异无显著性(P＞0.05).TUEVAP组平均手术操作时间、术中出血量、术后留置导尿管时间、继发出血、再次手术及尿道狭窄的发生率明显高于PVP组(P＜0.05).结论 TUEVAP治疗BPH疗效与PVP接近,但PVP操作简单,手术时间短,术中出血少,术后恢复快,并发症少.     

良性前列腺增生症开放性手术后近期排尿困难的临床分析

目的 探讨良前列腺增生症行耻骨上经膀胱前列腺摘除术后6个月内出现排尿困难的原因、诊治及预防.方法 回顾性分析24例患者的临床资料,对其诊治和预防进行探讨.结果 21例行手术治疗,膀胱颈狭窄9例,后尿道狭窄9例,腺体残留3例.行经尿道膀胱颈切开术9例,开放性手术(膀胱颈、后尿道切开术)9例,经尿道前列腺摘除加膀胱颈后唇切开3例.3例行保守治疗,诊断为逼尿肌无力,经留置气囊导尿管1个月后缓解.随访9～90个月,6个月内无因排尿困难而再次入院者.结论 耻骨上经膀胱前列腺摘除术后再次出现排尿困难者,多于术后6个月内出现,其中大多数需要再次手术.应重视术中的操作技术和术后管理,尽量避免术后近期因排尿困难而再次手术.

Abstract：

Objective To summarize the diagnosis,treatment and prevention of dysuria within 6 months after the suprapubic transvesical prostatectomy. Methods Twenty-four cases were retrospectively reviewed,including the data on the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis. Results Twenty-one of the 24 cases had received surgery. There were 9 cases with bladder neck stricture,9 cases with posterior urethra stricture and 3 cases with of remnant glands. Nine cases received transurethral bladder neck incision, 9 received open surgery ( bladder neck,posterior urethral incision) and 3 received transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) plus bladder neck incision. The other 3 diagnosed as detrusor weakness were conservatively treated by indwelling catheter and they were improved one months later. None of these patients was readmitted into hospital for dysuria within 6 months after treatment. Conclusion The recurrence of dysuria post prostatectomy mostly ( 75% ) occurred within 6 months after surgery. A majority of these patients need a second surgery. To avoid a second surgery for postoperative dysuria, much attention should be paid to the operating technique and postoperative management.     

Men's lived experiences following transurethral prostatectomy for benign prostatic hypertrophy

The aim of this study was to illuminate the lived experience of prostatectomy recovery by means of semi-structured interviews. Despite the commonality of prostatic enlargement and the corrective transurethral procedure, surprisingly little is known of the impact upon the men's social and psychological well-being. The interviews have produced very rich data, which illustrate the extent to which the men are initially very reluctant to identify 'problems' either with their hospital experience or their subsequent recovery period. However, once respondents appeared to feel more comfortable, we began to learn of their very substantial difficulties both before and after the operation.     

腹膜外腹腔镜治疗良性前列腺增生症55例

目的探讨腹膜外腹腔镜下前列腺切除术的可行性。方法2006年2月至2009年8月采用腹腔镜下经腹膜外对55例前列腺增生症患者行前列腺切除术,术后病理证实良性前列腺增生。观察手术时间、术中出血量、术后住院天数及手术效果。结果55例手术均获成功,平均手术时间85min(67～128min),术中平均出血量210ml(130～1200ml),有5例需输血、无中转开放手术病例。术后平均住院时间8(6～12)d。随访3～18个月,IPSS由术前(24.1±1.5)分降至术后(9.5±1.4)分,Qmax由术前(7.3±1.8)ml/s提高到术后(17.1±1.5)ml/s。结论腹腔镜下前列腺切除术是安全可行的。