Clinical evaluation of a polyacid-modified resin composite (Dyract) in Class III cavities: 5-year results

PURPOSE: This study evaluated the 5-year clinical performance of Dyract polyacid-modified resin composite material in Class III cavities. METHODS: 62 Class III cavities in 30 patients were restored with Dyract. Two experienced, calibrated examiners evaluated the restorations clinically at baseline and at 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, and 5-year recalls, according to the modified Ryge criteria. RESULTS: After 5 years, a total of six restorations had failed and the cumulative failure rate was 94.6%. By the 5-year recall, one restoration was replaced due to pulpitis and five were replaced due to secondary caries. After 5 years, marginal discoloration was statistically significant (P= 0.0002).     

Clinical evaluation of a polyacid-modified resin composite (Dyract AP) in class I cavities: 5-year results

PURPOSE: This study evaluated the five-year clinical performance of Dyract AP, a polyacid-modified resin composite, in restorations of Class I carious lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred eight Class I carious lesions in 21 patients were restored with Dyract AP. The lesions, which were macroscopically diagnosed with a probe, involved fissures. The average buccolingual width of the cavities was equal to or less than one-third of the intercuspal width. Restorations were clinically evaluated by two experienced, calibrated examiners at baseline and at 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 years, utilizing the modified Ryge criteria. The evaluation criteria included color match, marginal discoloration, wear or loss of anatomical form, caries, marginal adaptation, and surface texture. RESULTS: At the end of the 5-year period, a total of 13 restorations had failed, and the cumulative rate of success was 93.37%. By the 5-year recall, 12 restorations had carious lesions adjacent to the margins, and 1 restoration had discoloration that was rated as Charlie. Color changes, marginal discoloration, wear or loss of anatomical form, caries, marginal adaptation, and change in surface texture were found to be statistically significant (p < 0.001) after 5 years. Aside from the thirteen failed restorations, the degrees of color matching, marginal discoloration, wear or loss of anatomical form, caries, marginal adaptation, and surface texture were clinically acceptable at 5 years after treatment. CONCLUSION: At the end of 5 years, Dyract AP exhibited acceptable clinical performance in the treatment of Class I carious lesions. Therefore, it can be considered an alternative material for the restoration of Class I cavities.     

Clinical evaluation of a polyacid-modified resin composite (Dyract AP) in Class I cavities: 3-year results

PURPOSE: This study evaluated the 3-year clinical performance of the polyacid-modified resin composite Dyract AP in restorations for Class I carious lesions. METHODS: 108 Class I cavities in 21 subjects were restored with Dyract AP. The lesions, which were diagnosed macroscopically with a probe, involved fissures and had reached the dentin, while lateral spread was limited and localized to the dentin. The average facio-lingual width of the cavities was equal to or less than one-third the intercuspal width. Restorations were evaluated clinically by two experienced, calibrated examiners at baseline and at 1, 2, and 3 years, according to the modified Ryge criteria, (color match, marginal discoloration, wear or loss of anatomical form, caries, marginal adaptation, and surface texture). RESULTS: None of the restorations failed at the end of the first year. At 2 years, two restorations required immediate replacement due to caries lesions adjacent to the margins. At 3 years, six restorations had caries lesions adjacent to their margins, and the cumulative rate of success was 93.4%. Color changes and marginal discolorations were found to be statistically significant (P < 0.001) at 3 years, although none of the restorations needed to be replaced. Significant differences were also observed in the caries rate (P < 0.001) at 3 years. Aside from the eight failed restorations, the degrees of color matching, marginal discoloration, wear or loss of anatomical form, caries, marginal adaptation, and surface texture were clinically acceptable at 3 years post-treatment.     

Clinical evaluation of a polyacid-modified resin composite (Dyract) in class V carious lesions: 5-year results

This study evaluated the 5-year clinical performance of polyacid-modified resin composite, Dyract (DeTrey/Dentsply, Konstanz, Germany), restorations in class V carious lesions. Ninety-two class V carious lesions in 28 patients were restored with Dyract. Restorations were clinically evaluated at baseline, 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, and 5-year recalls and were evaluated according to the modified Ryge criteria by two experienced calibrated examiners in regard to color match, marginal discoloration, wear or loss of anatomical form, caries, marginal adaptation, and surface texture. The retention rate after 5 years compared to baseline in class V carious restorations was 84%, with only 12 restorations failing. Color change and marginal discoloration in restorations were found to be statistically significant (p = 0.0238 and p < 0.0001, respectively) at the end of the 5 years, but did not require replacement of any of the restorations. The results of this study revealed that at the end of 5 years, Dyract exhibited a clinically acceptable success rate but had significant color changes and marginal discoloration in class V carious lesions.     

Three-year clinical evaluation of a polyacid-modified resin composite (Dyract)

The aim of this study was to clinically evaluate a polyacid-modified resin composite (Dyract; Dentsply deTrey). Forty-one Dyract restorations were placed (36 in noncarious cervical cavities and five in anterior approximal cavities), and assessed after three years. The retention rate was 97% for the cervical restorations; however, 16 restorations showed some degree of marginal discoloration, sometimes severe. Color match and surface integrity were highly satisfactory throughout the trial. Dyract has now been superseded by Dyract AP, and the manufacturers should consider recommending mandatory enamel etching.     

Clinical evaluation of a polyacid-modified resin composite in class V carious lesions: 3-year results

This study evaluated the three-year clinical performance of Class V restorations made of a polyacid-modified resin composite, Dyract. Ninety-two Class V carious lesions in 28 patients were restored with Dyract. Restorations were clinically evaluated at baseline, first, second, and third year recall visits, according to the modified Ryge criteria by two experienced, calibrated examiners. Retention rate after three years in Class V carious restorations was 92.4%, with only seven failed restorations. Color change and marginal discoloration in restorations were found to be statistically significant (p = 0.013 and p < 0.001, respectively) at the end of third year, but none of the affected restorations required replacement. The results of this study revealed that at the end of three years, Dyract exhibited good clinical success rate but significant color change and marginal discoloration in Class V carious lesions.     

Clinical evaluation of polyacid-modified resin composite posterior restorations: one-year results.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the clinical performance of a new compomer restorative system, Dyract AP, placed in combination with Non-Rinse Conditioner and Prime & Bond NT in permanent posterior teeth. METHOD AND MATERIALS: Fifty Class II and 41 Class I restorations were placed in 39 patients by 1 dentist. The restorations were evaluated directly, with modified US Public Health Service criteria, and indirectly, with color slides and polyvinyl siloxane impressions, at baseline and 6 months and 1 year after placement. Preoperative and 1-year postoperative bitewing radiographs were also taken. RESULTS: All 82 restorations available for 1-year evaluation were in situ. No postoperative sensitivity or pulpal problems were reported. Four Class II restorations (4.9%) failed because of partial fracture or recurrent caries. The percentages of Alfa score for each criterion were color match, 95.1%; marginal discoloration, 57.3%; marginal integrity, 35.4%; anatomic form, 98.8%; and surface texture, 91.5%. The average wear rate of Dyract AP was low (18.5 +/- 11.7 microns at 6 months and 35.7 +/- 13.6 microns at 12 months). CONCLUSION: The excellent handling characteristics, the good clinical performance, and the improved wear resistance suggest that this compomer will provide reliable direct tooth-colored restorations in stress-bearing areas.     

Three-year clinical evaluation of a polyacid-modified resin composite in minimally invasive occlusal cavities

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the 3-year clinical performance of one polyacid-modified resin composite material (PMRC). Dyract, in minimally invasive occlusal cavities and its neighbouring fissures. METHODS: One hundred and sixteen restorations of the material investigated were placed by a single operator in a group of selected children under controlled conditions. Isolation of the restorations was accomplished with the use of cotton rolls and aspiration. Using modified US Public Health Service (USPHS) codes and criteria, the restorations were reviewed clinically within 1 week of placement (baseline), and thereafter at 6 months, 1, 2 and 3 years. RESULTS: After 3 years, marginal discolouration was present in 8.6% of the restorations. The marginal adaptation was rated as partly sealed (Oscar-Alpha) in 107 (92.2) of the restorations. Five restorations had lost their sealant components, while four restorations were partly sealed with explorer-catch after 3 years. Although wear of the restorations was considerable, restorations rated as 'partly sealed' had at least two-thirds of their sealant components fully retained. Recurrent caries was associated with four (3.4%) restorations. CONCLUSION: In this clinical study, the retention rate of the tested PMRC material was good, although a marked occlusal wear was evident. The marginal adaptation of the PMRC at the enamel site would probably have been better by the use of enamel-etching. Provided the marginal adaptation and wear resistance of the material is further improved, clinical use of PMRCs in minimally invasive occlusal cavities can be advocated.     

Nine-year evaluation of a polyacid-modified resin composite/resin composite open sandwich technique in Class II cavities

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate in an intraindividual comparison the durability of a polyacid-modified resin composite/resin composite open sandwich restoration in a 9 years follow-up. A polyacid-modified resin composite (PMRC; compomer, Dyract) was placed as an intermediate layer and covered with resin composite (RC, Prisma TPH). A direct RC restoration was used as control. METHODS: Each of 57 patients, received at least one pair of Class II restorations, one open sandwich and one resin composite control. In total 75 pairs of Class II restorations, 68 premolars and 82 molars, all in occlusion, were placed by two dentists. Most of the cavities were surrounded by enamel. The restorations were evaluated at baseline, 6, 12, 24, 36 months and 9 years by slightly modified USPHS criteria. Survival of restorations grouped on the two different techniques was determined using Kaplan-Meier survival curves. RESULTS: After 9 years, 14 of 135 evaluated restorations were estimated as unacceptable, 6 in the sandwich group and 8 in the control group. Over all annual failure rate during the 9-year period was 1.1%. The survival rate was not significant different between the two techniques (p=0.604). Reasons of failure were: secondary caries (8), fracture of tooth (1), fracture of restoration (2), endodontic treatment (3). CONCLUSIONS: Both restorative techniques showed good durability during the 9-year period. No clinical advantage was observed for the sandwich technique.     

Clinical evaluation of a polyacid-modified resin composite-based fissure sealant: two-year results

A 24-month clinical study was carried out to evaluate and compare the retention rate, marginal integrity and caries preventing effects of a polyacid-modified resin composite based fissure sealant, Dyract Seal, to that of a resin based fluoride fissure sealant, Delton FS+. Fifty-three patients (27 female and 26 male), 7 to 10 years old, were included in the study. At baseline, a total of 192 permanent first molars were sealed with either fissure sealant (n=96, each), using invasive technique. The sealed teeth were evaluated at post-operative 3, 6, 12 and 24 months with respect to evaluation parameters. The data were analyzed with the Chi-Square tests where alpha=0.05. There were no statistically significant differences between fissure sealants as regards to retention and prevention of caries for all periods of the evaluation (p>0.05). However, regarding marginal integrity of the sealants, Delton FS+ gave significantly better results than Dyract Seal for the 3-, 6- and 12-month evaluations, respectively (p<0.05). In conclusion, the use of Dyract Seal on permanent molars with invasive technique was found to be clinically comparable to Delton FS+ for the 24-month evaluation period.     

Clinical evaluation of a hybrid composite and a polyacid-modified composite resin in Class-II restorations in deciduous molars

The aim of this prospective study, conducted in a dental practice was to evaluate the success rate of a hybrid composite material (TPH-Spectrum; Dentsply DeTrey, Konstanz, Germany) and a polyacid-modified composite resin (Compoglass; Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein) in Class II restorations in primary molars after 1 year. A total of 190 restorations (96 with TPH-Spectrum and 94 with Compoglass) were inserted in 52 children. TPH-Spectrum was applied using the total etching technique, whereas Compoglass was inserted without acid etching prior to application of the bonding adhesive. The restorations were assessed according to the Ryge criteria, directly after placement and after 1 year. After 12 months, 6.4% of the Compoglass and 3.1% of the TPH-Spectrum restorations were clinically unacceptable and had to be renewed. The fillings with Compoglass revealed a tendency to lower evaluation scores with respect to color matching, cavosurface discoloration, anatomic form, margin integrity and caries assessment than the restorations with TPH-Spectrum. However, these differences were statistically not significant. The results of the present investigation show that, at least for a period of 1 year, both the hybrid composite TPH-Spectrum and the polyacid-modified composite resin Compoglass are suitable materials for restoration of deciduous molars. However, owing to the fewer treatment steps required for application of a polyacid-modified composite resin, this type of material may be more favorable for restoring primary molars. Received: 6 March 1998 / Accepted: 20 May 1998     

Clinical evaluation of a polyacid-modified resin composite under different conditioning methods in primary teeth

This study evaluated the clinical performance of a polyacid-modified resin composite, Dyract AP (De Trey/Dentsply), under different conditioning methods in primary teeth. Eighty-one box-shaped cavity preparations (three restorations per patient) on the mesial or distal surfaces of primary first or second molars were prepared in 27 patients. The cavity preparations were either non pre-treated or pre-treated with 36% phosphoric acid or NRC (De Trey/Dentsply). The teeth were restored with Prime & Bond NT (De Trey/Dentsply) and Dyract AP. The restorations were evaluated at baseline and 6, 12 and 18-month recalls according to the modified Ryge criteria by two calibrated operators. The data obtained from the clinical assessment of all restorations were subjected to statistical analysis by chi-square-tests at a 0.05 level of significance. The ratings of each criteria were compared among each evaluation period between treatment groups. Statistical analysis revealed no significant difference among each evaluation period between groups in regard to color match, marginal discoloration, marginal adaptation, secondary caries, surface texture, anatomic form and retention.     

Clinical evaluation of a polyacid-modified resin composite (compomer) in Class II restorations of primary teeth: a two-year follow-up study.

PURPOSE: The aim of the study was to assess the clinical performance of a compomer restorative material (Dyract, DeTrey/Dentsply) for the restoration of Class II cavities, extended into dentin in primary teeth. METHODS: The sample of the study consisted of 25 patients with 68 restored cavities. The restorations were evaluated with the modified Ryge criteria at baseline and after 6, 12 and 24 months. Examination was clinical, radiographic, and observation of cast replicas under scanning electron microscope (SEM). RESULTS: After 24 months, 100% of the restorations were retained, 3% presented bulk fractures, and 6% developed secondary caries at cervical margins. After 24 months, there was a significant reduction in marginal integrity while there was only slight change in anatomic form. Proximal contact was defective in 6% of the restorations and 8% showed marginal discoloration. SEM evaluation revealed a generalized occlusal and scattered marginal wear with no marginal gaps. CONCLUSION: The compomer presented acceptable clinical performance in Class II restorations of primary teeth after 24 months in service.     

Dyract光固化复合体的临床应用

目的 观察Dyract光固化复合体牙体病损各类洞型修复的临床疗效。方法 用DyractAP修复277个患牙,随访1年－1.5年,共复查到206个患牙,从修复物形态、密合度、边缘着色、继发龋等几方面来观察疗效。结果 失败率最高为Ⅱ类,这15.38%,依次为Ⅳ类洞6.90％,Ⅰ类洞4.55%,Ⅴ类洞4.39％,Ⅲ类洞充填体无脱落。结论 DyractAP粘结性能良好,而在承受咀嚼力上还有欠缺,但其色泽和粘结性能优于GIC。     

Comparative clinical evaluation of different treatment approaches using a microfilled resin composite and a compomer in Class III cavities: two-year results

This study evaluated the 24-month clinical performance of a microfilled composite using a one-bottle bonding system and a compomer that uses one-bottle bonding systems, which include a non-rinse conditioner or 36% phosphoric acid gel in Class III cavities. Each patient received three restorations due to primary caries of the anterior teeth, resulting in a total of 96 restorations. Three types of restoration/adhesive combinations were used: a microfilled resin composite (Filtek A110) with a one-bottle bonding system (Single Bond); a polyacid-modified resin composite (compomer) (Dyract AP) with a filled one-bottle bonding system (Prime & Bond NT) using 36% phosphoric acid pretreatment and a polyacid-modified resin composite (compomer) (Dyract AP) with a filled one-bottle bonding system (Prime & Bond NT) using a non-rinse conditioner (NRC) and a self-priming pretreatment. At baseline and one- and two-year recalls, color match, marginal discoloration, wear or loss of anatomical form, caries, marginal adaptation and surface texture of the restorations were evaluated by two experienced, calibrated examiners using the modified Ryge criteria. After two years, one restoration from each group had a rating of Charlie (C) for both color match and marginal discoloration and needed to be replaced. Therefore, the failure rate was 3.6% (success rate: 96.4%) for each group at the end of two years. Statistical analysis showed no significant differences among the three groups in color match, marginal discoloration, wear or loss of anatomical form, marginal adaptation and surface texture after two years. Also, no statistically significant differences were determined for each group with respect to color match, marginal discoloration, wear or loss of anatomical form, marginal adaptation and surface texture at the end of two years.     

Five year evaluation of class III composite resin restorations in cavities pre-treated with an oxalic- or a phosphoric acid conditioner

An oxalic acid solution has been proposed as a conditioning agent for resin composite restorations in two commercial adhesive systems. The durability of 163 class III restorations, including 12 class IV restorations, in cavities pre-treated with an oxalic acid total etch technique or an enamel etch with phosphoric acid was studied. Each of 52 patients received at least one of each of three experimental restorations. The restorations were evaluated yearly with slightly modified United States Public Health Service (USPHS) criteria. After 5 years 95% of the restorations were evaluated as acceptable. Reasons for failure were the fracture of four fillings, including three class IV, secondary caries contiguous to two fillings and a non-acceptable colour match for one restoration. For eight class III restorations a fracture of the incisal tooth structure was registered. No differences were seen between the three experimental restorations.     

Class II restorations with a polyacid-modified composite resin in primary molars placed in a dental practice: results of a two-year clinical evaluation

This study evaluated the two-year success rate of a hybrid composite material (TPH-Spectrum; Dentsply DeTrey, Konstanz, Germany) and a polyacid-modified composite resin (Compoglass, Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein) in Class II restorations placed in primary molars in a dental practice. In each of 52 children, at least two primary molars were restored. Ninety-six primary molars were filled with TPH-Spectrum using the total-etching technique, and 94 with Compoglass without acid etching prior to application of the bonding adhesive. At baseline, one and two years, the restorations were assessed according to the Ryge criteria. Forty-seven children with a total of 132 fillings (68 TPH-Spectrum, 64 Compoglass) were evaluated after two years. The cumulative success rate after 24 months amounted to 89.2% for the Compoglass and 89.7% for the TPH-Spectrum restorations. No significant differences were observed between the two materials with respect to color matching, cavosurface discoloration, anatomic form, margin integrity and caries assessment. This investigation suggests that for a period of two years, the hybrid composite TPH-Spectrum and the polyacid-modified composite resin Compoglass, are suitable materials for restoration of primary molars.     

Six-year clinical evaluation of polyacid-modified composite resin used as fissure sealant

The aim of this study was to evaluate retention and efficacy of polyacid-modified composite resin used as fissure sealant (Variglass V.L.C.) after six years. Three-hundred and seventy permanent first molars were sealed. After six years, 42.0% of the original group was re-examined and the sealant was found to be totally present in 3.4%, partially present in 16.2% and absent in 70.4% of the previously sealed occlusal surfaces. During the 6 years period, 9.5% of the sealed surfaces became carious, 25.0% were filled and 65.5% remained sound. Although the retention rate of the material has been very low, it appears to have prevented dental caries in 2/3 of the teeth evaluated after six years of placement.     

Bond strength of a resin composite to a polyacid-modified resin composite under different conditions.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the tensile bond strength values between polyacid-modified resin composite ("compomer") and resin composite materials under different conditions. METHOD AND MATERIALS: There were five experimental groups in the study. In group A, resin composite was placed directly on polyacid-modified resin composite surfaces. In group B, bonding agent was applied to polyacid-modified resin composite surfaces and then resin composite was placed on the compomer. In group C, compomer specimens were stored for 1 week and then resin composite was placed directly on these aged compomers. In group D, compomer specimens were again stored for 1 week, and then the bonding agent and resin composite were applied to the compomer surfaces. In group E, the surfaces of aged (1 week) compomers were roughened before the bonding agent was applied and the resin composite was placed on the prepared surfaces. A statistical analysis of the results was made with the Kruskal-Wallis test method. RESULTS: The mean tensile strength values of the groups were as follows: group A = 12.84 MPa; group B = 15.03 MPa; group C = 10.60 MPa; group D = 11.56 MPa; group E = 24.87 MPa. There were statistically significant differences between groups E and A; groups E and C; groups E and D; and groups C and B. CONCLUSION: Mechanical roughening of a polyacid-modified resin composite surface was found to be the most effective factor in increasing the tensile bond strength between an aged compomer and a resin composite.     

Two-centre evaluation of a resin composite/ self-etching restorative system: three-year findings

PURPOSE: This two-centre study evaluated the clinical performance of Class I and Class II restorations of the giomer material Beautifil, placed using Fluorobond, a self-etching adhesive system, to determine the suitability of the test system as an alternative for the restoration of posterior teeth. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 108 restorations, comprising 72 Class II and 36 Class I restorations, was placed predominantly in molars (82%). Evaulations using modified USPHS/Ryge criteria were conducted at baseline and thereafter at 6 months and 1, 2, and 3 years. Die stone replicas of the restored teeth were examined retrospectively. RESULTS: A total of 5 restorations was found to fail during the study-- 3 in the first year and 2 during the third year of the study. Occlusal marginal adaptation was less than ideal at baseline in 11% of cases, primarily as a consequence of overcontouring, as observed in the die stone replicas. The combined percentage Alpha ratings at 3 years were: colour match, 98%; marginal adaptation (occlusal), 78%; marginal adaptation (proximal), 97%; anatomic form (occlusal), 99%; anatomic form (proximal), 95%; surface roughness (occlusal), 100%; surface roughness (proximal), 100%; marginal staining (occlusal), 90%; marginal staining (proximal) 81%; interfacial staining (occlusal), 99%; interfacial staining (proximal), 100%; contacts (occlusal), 95%; contacts (proximal), 93%; sensitivity, 100%; secondary caries, 100%; lustre of restoration, 100%. CONCLUSION: It is concluded that the 3-year performance of Fluorobond-bonded Beautifil for Class I and II restorations demonstrated some marginal changes, but most of the direct evaluation ratings were > 90% Alpha, with the performance observed being similar in the two centres.