Acalculous cholecystitis in a patient with visceral leishmaniasis

Acute acalculous cholecystitis (ACC) is unusual. We present a case of cholecystitis associated with visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in a man in Venezuela who presented high fever, anorexia and abdominal pain. Histopathological study of the gallbladder showed Leishmania spp. ACC in VL must be kept in mind in tropical countries.     

Granulocyte function in visceral leishmaniasis

Nitroblue tetrazolium test in nine children with visceral leishmaniasis (VL) showed no increase of spontaneous reduction by neutrophils. The normal bactericidal activity of four of these patients excludes an impaired function of the neutrophils in VL.     

Central nervous system aspergillosis in an immunocompetent patient

Aspergillus sp. is a fungus that is very common in nature and may cause invasive disease with high mortality, especially in immunosuppressed patients. Here we present a case of central nervous system (CNS) aspergillosis in a previously healthy immunocompetent patient. A 23-year-old female was admitted to hospital with the complaints of headache, blurred vision, and double vision. In her cranial magnetic resonance imaging, abscess and paranchymal edema were observed in the left frontal lobe, and biopsy was performed with endoscopic nasal operation. The pathology result was consistent with aspergillus infection. It should be remembered that although CNS aspergillosis generally occurs in immunosuppressed patients, it may also rarely be diagnosed in immunocompetent individuals.     

Treatment of Mediterranean visceral leishmaniasis.

Up-to-date information is given on the epidemiological situation of zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis (ZVL) in nine Mediterranean countries, and on drug regimens adopted in the management of ZVL patients in each country. Results of experimental and clinical trials on the efficacy and tolerability of liposomal amphotericin B in laboratory animals and in patients with ZVL are presented, as well as conclusions and recommendations on drug regimens to be used in the treatment of ZVL.     

Cervical transverse myelitis after chickenpox in an immunocompetent patient

Varicella-zoster viruses complications involving the CNS are estimated to occur rarely, transverse myelitis after Varicella-zoster virus in most patients is characterized by an abrupt onset of progressive weakness and sensory disturbance in the lower extremities , like other viruses. We describe the case of 17 year-old boy who experienced cervical transverse myelitis after chickenpox with inability to walk and with urinary retention. He was not treated with any medication but complete recovery has been occurred.