心痛定抑制激光血管成形术后体外培养的平滑肌细胞增殖和癌基因c-fos的表达

本文在兔腹主动脉粥样硬化模型上，行激光血管成形术（ｌａｓｅｒａｎｇｉｏｐｌａｓｔｙ，ＬＡ），用体外培养的血管平滑肌细胞（ｖａｓｃｕｌａｒｓｍｏｏｔｈｍｕｓｃｌｅｃｅｌ，ＶＳＭＣ）３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ掺入和癌基因ｃ－ｆｏｓ表达的测定观察了心痛定对血管损伤后腹主动脉ＶＳＭＣ增殖的影响。结果显示：心痛定（１０－７－１０－４ｍｏｌ／Ｌ）能抑制体外培养ＶＳＭＣ３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ掺入，呈剂量依赖关系，１０－５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ抑制血清诱导ＶＳＭＣ中的ｃ－ｆｏｓ基因表达。     

心痛定抑制激光血管成形术后体外培养的平滑肌细胞增殖和…

本文在兔腹主动脉粥样硬化模型上，行激光血管成形术（ｌａｓｅｒ ａｎｇｉｏｐｌａｓｔｙ，ＬＡ），用体外培养的血管平滑肌细胞（ｖａｓｃｕｌａｒ ｓｍｏｏｔｈ ｍｕｓｃｌｅ ｃｅｌｌ，ＶＳＭＣ）３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ掺入和癌基因ｃ－ｆｏｓ表达的测定观察了心痛定对血管损伤后腹主动脉ＶＳＭＣ增殖的影响。结果显示：心痛定（１０＾－８－１０＾０４ｍｏｌ／Ｌ）能抑制体培养ＶＳＭＣ３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ掺入，呈剂量依赖关系，１０＾－５     

1．06μm激光血管成形术后动脉平滑肌细胞中的癌基因表达

通过建立兔腹主动脉粥样硬化性狭窄模型进行１．０６μｍ激光血管成形术（ＬＡ），应用系列癌基因片段与地高辛－ｄＵＴＰ随机插入标记，进行血管组织的原位杂交。发现：（１）ＬＡ后血管壁可见ｃ－ｆｏｓ、ｃ－ｊｕｎ、Ｃ－ｍｙｃ和Ｎ－ｒａｓ等癌基因表达；（２）癌基因表达多位于血管斑块中的ＳＭＣ；（３）ｃ－ｆｏｓ、ｃ－ｊｕｎ表达迅速而短暂，ｃ－ｍｙｃ和Ｎ－ｒａｓ表达较迟，持续时间较长。结论：激光损伤可诱导动脉ＳＭＣ中的某些癌基因表达。     

硒对鼻咽癌患者放射治疗后细胞免疫功能的影响

本文作者报道了硒对鼻咽癌患者放疗后细胞免疫功能影响的体外实验，结果表明：适宜浓度的硒（４．３４×１０－７ｍｏｌ／Ｌ）显著提高患者经ＰＨＡ诱导的淋巴细胞转化作用：３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ掺入量由（３．１７±２．４２）×１０４·ｍｉｎ－１·１０－６淋巴细胞增至（５．６７±５．６３）×１０４·ｍｉｎ－１·１０－６淋巴细胞，较对照组提高了（７８．８６±７７．６０）％，Ｐ＜０．０１。同时，硒还显著提高ＮＫ细胞杀伤活性：３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ释放率由（２７．９０±９．２２）％增加至（３４．５６±１３．４５）％，Ｐ＜０．０５，提示：硒在恢复放疗后鼻咽癌患者的免疫功能的治疗中，可能具有一定的价值。     

c—myc特异性结合序列增强基因表达的研究

目的：ｃ－ｍｙｃ是一种转录因子，它与其特异性结合序列结合后，可增强下游基因的表达。方法：将４个重复拷贝的ｃ－ｍｙｃ顺式反应元件（ＣＡＣＧＴＧ）４、ＣＭＶ增强子／启动子以及带有ＣＭＶ增强子／启动子的（ＣＡＣＧＴＧ）４分别插入报道基因质粒ｐＢＬＣＡＴ２，得到３种融合报道质粒：ｐＭ４ＣＡＴ２、ｐＣＭＶＣＡＴ、ｐＭ４ＣＭＶＣＡＴ。结果：ＣＡＴ测活表明，在ｃ－ｍｙｃ高表达的ＢＴ３２５细胞中，ｐＭ４ＣＡＴ２的ＣＡＴ活性比ｐＢＬＣＡＴ２增高１０．７倍，而在ｃ－ｍｙｃ低表达的ＨｅＬａ细胞中，仅增高１．１倍；在ＢＴ３２５细胞中，ｐＭ４ＣＡＴ２的ＣＡＴ活性为ｐＣＭＶＣＡＴ的１／４，而ｐＭ４ＣＭＶＣＡＴ的ＣＡＴ活性与ｐＣＭＶＣＡＴ相当。结论：连接了（ＣＡＣＧＴＧ）４的ＴＫ启动子的转录活性依赖于ｃ－ｍｙｃ的扩增情况。而在（ＣＡＣＧＴＧ）４ＴＫ的前面再增加一个强的增强子可进一步增强该启动子的活性。     

姜黄素对超氧阴离子的清除作用

目的：探讨姜黄素（ｃｕｒｃｕｍｉｎ ， Ｃｕｒ） 对超氧阴离子（ Ｏ２ － ） 的消除效能。方法：采用 Ｎ Ｂ Ｔ／ Ｐ Ｍ Ｓ／ Ｎ Ａ Ｄ Ｈ 体系产生 Ｏ２ － ，用比色法测定 Ｃｕｒ 对 Ｏ２ － 的清除能力。结果： Ｃｕｒ 能够清除 Ｏ２ － ，， Ｓ Ｃ５０ 约为８２ ．８ μｍｏｌ／ Ｌ，相当于１０ ．３ Ｕ 的超氧化物歧化酶（ Ｓ Ｏ Ｄ） 。结论： Ｃｕｒ 能够有效清除 Ｏ２ － 。     

血啉甲醚与血浆蛋白的结合

为研究血啉甲醚（ＨＭＭＥ）与小鼠血浆的蛋白结合率及ＨＭＭＥ与血浆蛋白的结合参数，用平衡透析法测定蛋白结合率，ＨＭＭＥ浓度用标准曲线法求出。ＨＭＭＥ血浆浓度在１９４μｇ／ｍｌ～２９７６μｇ／ｍｌ时血浆蛋白结合率为９３５％～７６３％，血浆蛋白结合参数：最大结合力（β）为８７×１０－６ｍｏｌ／ｇ；解离常数（Ｋｄｐ）为４２４×１０－５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ；结合常数（Ｋ）为２８４×１０４Ｌ／ｍｏｌ；结合部位数（Ｎ）为１４９２。表明ＨＭＭＥ与小鼠血浆蛋白具有单一类型的结合部位，药物血浆浓度升高结合率下降。     

β-glycerophosphate促进血管平滑肌细胞体外钙化

本研究旨在观察β－ｇｌｙｃｅｒｏｐｈｏｓｐｈａｔｅ对主动脉中膜体外钙化的促进作用，建立体外动脉钙化模型，并对血管异常钙化的机制进行初步探讨。１方法１．１平滑肌细胞的分离和培养分离家兔主动脉中膜，剪碎并接种于培养瓶中。贴壁后，加入含有２０％ＦＢＳ、１００Ｕ／ｍｌ青霉素、１００μｇ／ｍｌ链霉素、２ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ谷胺酰胺的ＤＭＥＭ，３７℃５％ＣＯ２培养。５～６代细胞按１．８×１０５／孔的密度接种于６孔培养板，７２ｈ后更换为添加有１０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌβ－ｇｌｙｃｅｒｏ－ｐｈｏｓｐｈａｔｅ、５０μｇ／ｍｌ维生素…     

肢体缺血再灌注损伤时血管组织一氧化氮产生途径及其机制

目的探讨肢体缺血再灌注（Ｉ／Ｒ）损伤时，血管组织一氧化氮（ＮＯ）产生的途径和机制。方法采用Ｒｏｓｅｎｔｈａｌ方法复制大鼠肢体Ｉ／Ｒ损伤模型。实验动物分为对照组和Ｉ／Ｒ组。分别测定血浆中、主动脉孵育液中ＮＯ－２含量和主动脉组织中ｃＧＭＰ含量及一氧化氮合酶（ＮＯＳ）活性，观察主动脉组织３Ｈ－Ｌ－精氨酸（３Ｈ－Ｌ－Ａｒｇ）的含量。结果（１）Ｉ／Ｒ组大鼠血浆和主动脉条孵育液中ＮＯ－２明显增加，主动脉ｃＧＭＰ含量也增高；（２）Ｉ／Ｒ组大鼠血管总ＮＯＳ（ｔＮＯＳ）活性增高，其中主要是诱导型ＮＯＳ（ｉＮＯＳ）活性增加；（３）Ｉ／Ｒ时血管组织中３Ｈ－Ｌ－Ａｒｇ的含量增多。结论肢体Ｉ／Ｒ后，血管组织Ｌ－Ａｒｇ跨膜转运加强，ｉＮＯＳ活性增加，导致非内皮源性ＮＯ生成增多。     

经皮肝穿刺肝静脉造影在肝静脉型Budd-Chiari综合征介入治疗中的应用

目的：探讨经皮肝穿刺肝静脉造影（ＰＴＨＶ）在肝静脉型Ｂｕｄｄ－Ｃｈｉａｒｉ综合征（ＨＶＢＣＳ）介入治疗中的临床应用。材料与方法：Ｃ地１０例ＨＶＢＣＳ实施２ＰＴＨＶ，并采用经皮肝静脉－颈静脉轨迹或Ｒｕｐｓ－１００肝穿装置行肝静脉开通术（ＰＴＡ和ＥＭＳ置入），结果：１０例ＨＶＢＣＳ患者皆行ＰＴＨＶ，Ｂ超导向４例，Ｘ线监视６例。介入开通成功９例，失败１例，其中轨迹法开通肝静脉３例，Ｒｕｐｓ－１００装置开     

Study of the inner structure of co/c and ni/c multilayers prepared by pulsed laser evaporation method

In the present work we have used the EXAFS and SAXS methods to study the inner structure of "classical" Co/C and Ni/C multilayers. This enabled us to study in detail the structure of a multilayer as a function of the thickness of a metal layer within the multilayer. On the basis of these data a model for multilayer growth produced with pulsed laser evaporation technology is proposed.     

结核分枝杆菌Rv2389c基因的克隆和原核表达

目的:克隆并原核表达结核分枝杆菌Rv2389c基因。方法:培养结核分枝杆菌,提取其基因组,PCR扩增出485bp的Rv2389c基因,克隆入pSP73载体,测序分析。将该目的基因亚克隆入pGEX-4T-2表达载体,测序证实正确后转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),待大肠杆菌增菌至A600nm值为0.6时,用0.3 mmol/L IPTG在30℃诱导表达重组蛋白。结果:测序结果证实获得了Rv2389c基因,其序列与GenBank中报道完全一致。构建了重组表达质粒,表达的蛋白以12%SDS-PAGE分析,在Mr约42KD处出现一条新生蛋白带,经凝胶薄层扫描检测,表达量约占菌体蛋白的26.8%。结论:成功克隆了结核分枝杆菌Rv2389c基因并得到了其大肠杆菌表达产物,为进一步研究其活性和功能奠定了基础。     

About “axial” and “radial” diffusivities

This article presents the potential problems arising from the use of “axial” and “radial” diffusivities, derived from the eigenvalues of the diffusion tensor, and their interpretation in terms of the underlying biophysical properties, such as myelin and axonal density. Simulated and in vivo data are shown. The simulations demonstrate that a change in “radial” diffusivity can cause a fictitious change in “axial” diffusivity and vice versa in voxels characterized by crossing fibers. The in vivo data compare the direction of the principle eigenvector in four different subjects, two healthy and two affected by multiple sclerosis, and show that the angle, α, between the principal eigenvectors of corresponding voxels of registered datasets is greater than 45° in areas of low anisotropy, severe pathology, and partial volume. Also, there are areas of white matter pathology where the “radial” diffusivity is 10% greater than that of the corresponding normal tissue and where the direction of the principal eigenvector is altered by more than 45° compared to the healthy case. This should strongly discourage researchers from interpreting changes of the “axial” and “radial” diffusivities on the basis of the underlying tissue structure, unless accompanied by a thorough investigation of their mathematical and geometrical properties in each dataset studied. Magn Reson Med, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.     

Spin‐echo MRI using π/2 and π hyperbolic secant pulses

Frequency‐modulated (FM) pulses have practical advantages for spin‐echo experiments, such as the ability to produce a broadband π rotation, with an inhomogeneous radiofrequency (RF) field. However, such use leads to a nonlinear phase of the transverse magnetization, which is why FM pulses like the hyperbolic secant (HS) pulse are not commonly used for multislice spin‐echo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Here, a general theory and methods are described for conventional spin‐echo imaging using a π HS pulse for refocusing. Phase profiles produced by the HS pulse are analytically described. The analysis is extended to yield the specific relationships between pulse parameters and gradients, which must be satisfied to compensate the nonlinear phase variation produced with a spin‐echo sequence composed of π/2 and π HS pulses (the π/2 HS ? π HS sequence). The latter offers advantages for multislice spin‐echo MRI, including excellent slice‐selection and partial compensation for RF inhomogeneity. Furthermore, it can be implemented with a shorter echo time and lower power deposition than a previously described method using a pair of π HS pulses. Magn Reson Med 61:175–187, 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.     

Head and neck sarcomas: imaging “pearls” and “mimics”

Sarcomas are rare tumours, which can arise in any location in the head and neck. This review highlights the characteristic features of the commoner subtypes of bone and soft tissue sarcomas (including radiation-induced sarcomas), with emphasis on diagnostic “pearls” and imaging “mimics”. This knowledge will help the radiologist formulate a differential diagnosis and expedite referral to a regional sarcoma unit for definitive management.     

自体输血在外伤性肝脾破裂手术中的应用

目的：探讨外伤性肝脾破裂采用自体输血装置进行术中自体输血（IAT）的可行性和安全性。方法：1997年2月至2000年6月51例外伤性肝脾破裂采用Haemocell System350装置进行IAT。结果：3例因重度休克死于术中,其余48例均康复出院。自体输血量88575ml(82%),异体输血量19500ml(18%)。24例未输异体血。2例出现一过性血红蛋白尿,无其它并发症,结论：应用该装置进行IAT安全有效,可节约血源,减少异体输血量,避免其并发症。