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1.
Gerardo Maupomé Juan F. Yepes Madison Galloway Qing Tang George J. Eckert Timothy Downey LaQuia Vinson 《Journal of the American Dental Association (1939)》2017,148(10):760-766
Background
The effectiveness of stainless steel crowns (SSCs) versus direct restorations when placed in primary mandibular molars (teeth nos. L and S) is uncertain. The authors evaluated effectiveness by gauging longevity of treatment.Methods
The authors obtained private dental insurance claims (2004-2016) from a national dental data warehouse. Paid insurance claims records (n = 1,323,489) included type of treating dentist, treatment placed, and patient age.Results
Dentist specialty, type of treatment, and patient age were significant in predicting failure after the first restoration. The authors found high survival rates for all treatments (> 90%) after 5 years; however, as soon as within 3 years after treatment, SCCs had approximately 6% better survival.Conclusions
Teeth nos. L and S first treated with SSCs lasted longer without new treatment compared with teeth first treated with direct restorations; the difference was small. Teeth treated by pediatric dentists had better survival rates.Practical Implications
Primary mandibular first molars initially treated with SSCs lasted longer without new treatment compared with direct restorations. Overall dental care costs of the former were considerably higher. 相似文献2.
Ronald E. Goldstein Wendy Auclair Clark 《Journal of the American Dental Association (1939)》2017,148(6):387-391
Background
Awake bruxism is a common clinical condition that often goes undetected, often leading to pain or damaged teeth and restorations.Methods
The authors searched electronic databases regarding the treatment and effects of awake bruxism compared with those of sleep bruxism. The authors used the search terms diurnal bruxism and oral parafunction. The authors combined information from relevant literature with clinical experience to establish a recommended protocol for diagnosis and treatment.Results
The authors found articles regarding the diagnosis and treatment of bruxism. The authors combined information from the articles with a review of clinical cases to establish a treatment protocol for awake bruxism.Conclusions
Literature and clinical experience indicate a lack of patient awareness and, thus, underreporting of awake bruxism. As a result, myriad dental consequences can occur from bruxism. The authors propose a need for increased awareness, for both patients and professionals, particularly of the number of conditions related to awake bruxism.Practical Implications
Clinicians should look for clinical signs and symptoms of awake bruxism and use minimally invasive treatment modalities. 相似文献3.
Jason R. Garner Michael N. Wajdowicz Nicholas B. DuVall Howard W. Roberts 《The Journal of prosthetic dentistry》2017,117(2):277-282
Statement of problem
Two resin-modified glass ionomer (RMGI)-based luting agents have been recently marketed without independent reports of their physical properties.Purpose
The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate selected physical properties of 2 newly marketed RMGI luting agents and compare the findings with traditional materials.Material and methods
Specimens (N=12) of Nexus RMGI, UltraCem, GC Fuji Cem 2, and RelyX Luting Plus were fabricated using standardized molds for flexural strength and fracture toughness according to manufacturer recommendations and stored in physiologic phosphate-buffered saline solution at 37°C until testing. Specimens were tested at 1 and 24 hours, 1 week, and 1 month. Mean values for flexural strength, flexural modulus, flexural toughness, and fracture toughness were determined. Additionally, film thickness (N=12) for each material was determined following Amerian National Standards Association/American Dental Association (ANSI/ADA) specifications. Mean results were analyzed with Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests (α=.05).Results
All luting agents exhibited a similar film thickness that met ANSI/ADA requirements for aqueous-based luting agents. Nexus RMGI surprisingly demonstrated significantly greater flexural strength and fracture toughness at 1 hour, which decreased significantly at 24 hours, making it similar to the other materials evaluated. All materials had similar flexural strength values at 7 days.Conclusions
Physical property performance was material dependent. Nexus RMGI demonstrated greater early physical properties that were significantly less at 24 hours. UltraCem, GC Fuji Cem 2, and RelyX Luting Plus demonstrated the increasing physical property development that is normally associated with polyalkenoate-based systems. 相似文献4.
5.
Jason Clague Thomas R. Belin Vivek Shetty 《Journal of the American Dental Association (1939)》2017,148(6):377-386
Background
The authors clarified the causal mechanisms underlying the high prevalence of dental disease encountered in people who habitually use methamphetamine (meth).Methods
Using a stratified sampling approach, the authors conducted comprehensive oral examinations and psychosocial assessments for 571 study participants who used meth. Three calibrated dentists, who used National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) protocols, characterized the study participants’ dental disease. The authors also collected data related to study participants’ history of meth use and other attributes linked to dental disease.Results
Study participants who used meth manifested higher rates of xerostomia and caries experience compared with NHANES control participants. Participants who used meth had a higher level of daily consumption of sugary beverages compared with NHANES control participants. Smoking meth did not increase caries experience over other modes of intake. Dental hygiene was a significant determinant of dental health outcomes.Conclusions
Mode of intake and frequency of meth use have a minimal impact on dental health outcomes. Behaviors, such as sugary beverage consumption and poor oral hygiene, better explain dental health outcomes.Practical Implications
Having a better understanding of the causal mechanisms of “meth mouth” sets the stage for clinicians to provide more personalized interventions and management of dental disease in people who use meth. 相似文献6.
Martín Caserío Valea Victor Alonso de la Peña 《Journal of the American Dental Association (1939)》2017,148(2):75-80
Background
The authors conducted a retrospective study to evaluate the long-term (18-22 years) clinic results of titanium post and bonded amalgam core restorations with metal-ceramic crowns placed in patients.Methods
From 1992 through 1996, the authors placed 88 restorations in 66 patients. They measured the ferrule effect in the minor dentin collar area. In 2014, the authors analyzed the following variables: ferrule length, length and thickness of the post, and tooth position.Results
The overall survival of the restorations decreased over time with survival rates of 89.6% after 5 years of follow-up appointments and 64.2% after 18 years of follow-up appointments. There were 42 failures, and the maxillary premolars had the most failures. The teeth with 2 or more millimeters ferrule length had a higher survival rate than those with a 0 to less than 2 mm ferrule length; these results were not statistically significant.Conclusions
Statistically significant differences were detected according to the location of the tooth. The cores in the anterior teeth were 3.26 times more likely to fail than those in the molars, which presented higher survival rates; maxillary premolars had the most failures (28.5%). Both the metallic post length and its diameter did not influence restoration survival. The ferrule length was not statistically significant.Practical Implications
The clinical technique to restore endodontically treated teeth that includes a titanium post and bonded amalgam restorations results in greater coronal destruction but shows good long-term results, ease of fabrication, and modest cost in comparison with other techniques. 相似文献7.
Yasmi O. Crystal Malvin N. Janal Dylan S. Hamilton Richard Niederman 《Journal of the American Dental Association (1939)》2017,148(7):510-518.e4
Background
The caries arrest that can be achieved by using silver diamine fluoride (SDF) offers a minimally invasive and inexpensive alternative to traditional restorative caries treatment. The authors evaluated how the dentinal staining that is associated with SDF influences the acceptance of this treatment among parents of young children in the New York City metropolitan area.Methods
The authors invited the parents of children who had experienced dental caries and who had appointments at the New York University Pediatric Dentistry Clinic and at several private clinics in New Jersey to participate in a Web-based survey designed to assess parents’ demographics, perceptions of photographs of SDF-treated carious teeth, and acceptability of treatment in different behavior management scenarios.Results
Ninety-eight mothers and 22 fathers from diverse backgrounds participated. Most parents (67.5%) judged SDF staining on the posterior teeth to be esthetically tolerable, but only 29.7% of parents made this same judgment about anterior teeth (P < .001). In the absence of their child having behavioral barriers to conventional restorations, 53.6% of parents reported that they were likely to choose SDF to treat their child’s posterior teeth, but only 26.9% of parents were likely to choose SDF to treat their child’s anterior teeth. As the number of children’s behavioral barriers increased, so did the parents’ level of acceptance. In extreme cases, in which parents had to decide whether their children should undergo general anesthesia during treatment, parents’ acceptance rate of SDF as a treatment method increased to 68.5% on posterior teeth and to 60.3% on anterior teeth. Parents’ acceptance of the treatment also varied according to their socioeconomic status.Conclusions
Staining on posterior teeth was more acceptable than staining on anterior teeth. Although staining on anterior teeth was undesirable, most parents preferred this option to advanced behavioral techniques such as sedation or general anesthesia.Practical Implications
Clinicians need to understand parental sensitivities regarding the staining effect of SDF to plan adequately for the use of SDF as a method of caries management in pediatric patients. 相似文献8.
Bruce A. Dye Gabriela Lopez Mitnik Timothy J. Iafolla Clemencia M. Vargas 《Journal of the American Dental Association (1939)》2017,148(8):550-565.e7
Background
Except for a small increase in caries prevalence in young children from 1999 through 2004, the prevalence of pediatric caries in the United States has remained consistent for the past 3 decades.Methods
The authors used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (from 1999 through 2004 and from 2011 through 2014) to ascertain changes in caries prevalence in youth aged 2 to 19 years. The authors evaluated changes in the prevalence of caries experience, untreated caries, and severe caries (3 or more teeth with untreated caries) in the primary, mixed, and permanent dentition according to poverty status.Results
Untreated dental caries in the primary dentition decreased (24% versus 14%) for children aged 2 to 8 years regardless of poverty status from the period from 1999 through 2004 to the period from 2011 through 2014. Severe caries in primary teeth decreased between the period from 1999 through 2004 and the period from 2011 through 2014 for 2- to 8-year-olds (10% versus 6%). Among preschool-aged children in families with low incomes, caries experience decreased from nearly 42% to 35%, and untreated caries decreased from 31% to 18%. Furthermore, there were significant reductions in the number of carious dental surfaces and significant increases in the number of restored dental surfaces. Overall, there was little change in the prevalence of caries in older children and adolescents.Conclusions
The prevalence of caries in primary teeth in preschool-aged children has improved in the previous decade in the United States; however, the prevalence of having no caries experience in permanent teeth in children and adolescents remains unchanged.Practical Implications
Although the oral health status of young children has improved in the previous decade, few changes have occurred for many older children and adolescents. 相似文献9.
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11.
Michael T. Brennan Nathaniel S. Treister Thomas P. Sollecito Brian L. Schmidt Lauren L. Patton Kusha Mohammadi Leslie Long Simpson Helen Voelker James S. Hodges Rajesh V. Lalla 《Journal of the American Dental Association (1939)》2017,148(12):868-877
Background
No evidence-based guidelines exist for preventive dental care before radiation therapy (RT) in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC). An ongoing multicenter, prospective cohort study, Clinical Registry of Dental Outcomes in Head and Neck Cancer Patients (OraRad), is addressing this knowledge gap. The authors evaluated the level of dental disease before RT in the OraRad cohort, factors associated with dental disease, and dental treatment recommendations made before RT.Methods
As part of OraRad, the authors assessed caries, periodontal disease, dental recommendations, and dental interventions performed before RT.Results
Baseline measures were reported for 356 participants (77% men) with mean (standard deviation) age of 59.9 (11.0) years. Measures included mean number of teeth (22.9), participants with at least 1 tooth with caries (37.2%), and participants with at least 1 tooth with probing depth 5 millimeters or greater (47.4%). Factors associated with less extensive dental disease before RT included having at least a high school diploma, having dental insurance, history of routine dental care, and a smaller tumor size (T1 or T2). Based on the dental examination before RT, 163 (49.5%) participants had dental treatment recommended before RT, with extractions recommended most frequently.Conclusion
Many patients with HNC require dental treatment before RT; more than one-third require extractions.Practical Implications
Most patients have some level of dental disease at the start of RT, indicating the importance of dental evaluation before RT. By observing dental outcomes after RT, OraRad has the potential to determine the best dental treatment recommendations for patients with HNC. 相似文献12.
Rafaela Pignatti de Freitas Vanessa Raquel Greatti Murilo Priori Alcalde Bruno Cavalini Cavenago Rodrigo Ricci Vivan Marco Antonio Hungaro Duarte Ana Carolina Villas Bôas Weckwerth Paulo Henrique Weckwerth 《Journal of endodontics》2017,43(1):131-134
Introduction
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the in vitro antibiofilm activity and pH of calcium hydroxide associated with different nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).Methods
The groups analyzed were as follows: group 1, calcium hydroxide paste with propylene glycol; group 2, calcium hydroxide paste with propylene glycol + 5% diclofenac sodium; group 3, calcium hydroxide paste with propylene glycol + 5% ibuprofen; group 4, calcium hydroxide paste with propylene glycol + 5% ciprofloxacin; and group 6, positive control (without medication). For analysis of the pH, the pastes were inserted into tubes and immersed in flasks containing ultrapure water. At the time intervals of 3, 24, 72, and 168 hours, the pH was measured with a calibrated pH meter. For microbial analysis, biofilm was induced in 30 bovine dentin blocks for 21 days. Subsequently, the pastes were placed on the blocks with biofilm for 7 days. Afterward, the pastes were removed by irrigation with sterile water, and the specimens were analyzed with a laser scanning confocal microscope with the 50 μL Live/Dead BacLight Bacterial Viability solution L7012 Kit (Molecular Probes, Inc, Eugene, OR). Data were subjected to statistical analysis at a significance level of 5%.Results
The highest pH values were found for calcium hydroxide associated with ciprofloxacin in all periods analyzed. With the exception of pure calcium hydroxide paste, the other groups showed statistically significant differences (P < .05) in comparison with the positive control.Conclusions
The association of NSAIDs or antibiotic did not interfere with the pH of calcium hydroxide paste and increased the antimicrobial action of calcium hydroxide paste against Enterococcus faecalis biofilm formation. 相似文献13.
14.
Thanh An Nguyen Le Anthony T. Lo Sasso Marko Vujicic 《Journal of the American Dental Association (1939)》2017,148(4):257-262.e2
Background
The authors examined the factors associated with sex differences in earnings for 3 professional occupations.Methods
The authors used a multivariate Blinder-Oaxaca method to decompose the differences in mean earnings across sex.Results
Although mean differences in earnings between men and women narrowed over time, there remained large, unaccountable earnings differences between men and women among all professions after multivariate adjustments. For dentists, the unexplained difference in earnings for women was approximately constant at 62% to 66%. For physicians, the unexplained difference in earnings for women ranged from 52% to 57%. For lawyers, the unexplained difference in earnings for women was the smallest of the 3 professions but also exhibited the most growth, increasing from 34% in 1990 to 45% in 2010.Conclusions
The reduction in the earnings gap is driven largely by a general convergence between men and women in some, but not all, observable characteristics over time. Nevertheless, large unexplained gender gaps in earnings remain for all 3 professions.Practical Implications
Policy makers must use care in efforts to alleviate earnings differences for men and women because measures could make matters worse without a clear understanding of the nature of the factors driving the differences. 相似文献15.
Sonia K. Makhija Daniel A. Shugars Gregg H. Gilbert Mark S. Litaker James D. Bader Rebecca Schaffer Valeria V. Gordan D. Brad Rindal Daniel J. Pihlstrom Rahma Mungia Cyril Meyerowitz 《Journal of the American Dental Association (1939)》2017,148(12):922-929
Background
A lesion on an occlusal tooth surface with no cavitation and no radiographic radiolucency but in which caries is suspected owing to surface roughness, opacities, or staining can be defined as a suspicious occlusal carious lesion (SOCL). The authors' objective was to quantify the characteristics of SOCLs and their relationship to lesion depth and activity after these lesions were opened surgically.Methods
Ninety-three dentists participated in the study. When a consenting patient had an SOCL, information was recorded about the tooth, lesion, treatment provided, and, if the SOCL was opened surgically, its lesion depth. The Rao-Scott cluster-adjusted χ2 test was used to evaluate associations between lesion depth and color, roughness, patient risk, and luster.Results
The authors analyzed 1,593 SOCLs. Lesion color varied from yellow/light brown (40%) to dark brown/black (47%), with 13% other colors. Most (69%) of SOCLs had a rough surface when examined with an explorer. Over one-third of the SOCLs (39%) were treated surgically. Of the 585 surgically treated SOCLs, 61% had dentinal caries. There were statistically significant associations between lesion depth and color (P = .03), luster (P = .04), and roughness (P = .01). The authors classified 52% of the patients as being at elevated caries risk. The authors found no significant associations between lesion depth and patient risk (P = .07).Conclusions
Although statistically significant, the clinical characteristics studied do not provide accurate guidance for making definitive treatment decisions and result in high rates of false positives.Practical Implications
Given that 39% of the opened lesions did not have dentinal caries or were inactive, evidence-based preventive management is an appropriate alternative to surgical intervention. 相似文献16.
Jamie Moeller Rebecca Starkel Carlos Quiñonez Marko Vujicic 《Journal of the American Dental Association (1939)》2017,148(6):361-368
Background
The authors explored the relationship between income inequality and self-reported oral health and oral health–related quality of life.Methods
The authors used an online survey to gather data about US adults’ perceptions of their overall oral health and how oral health affected their quality of life. The authors categorized respondents as coming from areas of low, medium, or high income inequality on the basis of a county-level Gini coefficient.Results
Results of χ2 tests and an analysis of variance indicated that there was a significant association between income inequality and oral health as measured by using the overall condition of the mouth and teeth, life satisfaction, and frequency of experiencing functional and social problems related to oral health. Generally, adults from areas of lower income inequality reported better oral health and oral health–related quality of life.Conclusions
Income inequality has the potential to affect both functional and social dimensions of oral health, possibly through a psychosocial pathway. Future research is necessary to determine whether any causal link exists.Practical Implications
Our findings may inform oral health policy. Long-term policies designed to improve the oral health of Americans could work best when supported by policies designed to reduce levels of income inequality, and thereby, may reduce oral health inequalities. Further research is needed to examine the effectiveness of such policies. 相似文献17.
Mahshid Majlessi Koopaeei Marita R. Inglehart Neville McDonald Margherita Fontana 《Journal of the American Dental Association (1939)》2017,148(2):64-74
Background
There is a large variation among clinicians when managing deep carious lesions (DCLs). The purpose of this study was to assess general dentists’ (GDs), pediatric dentists’ (PDs), and endodontists’ (EDs) diagnostic methods, clinical decision-making considerations, treatment strategies, and knowledge, behavior, and attitudes related to the diagnosis and treatment of DCLs.Methods
A total of 175 GDs, 511 PDs, and 377 EDs responded to a nationwide Web-based survey.Results
Most EDs (68%) and GDs (47%) practiced complete caries removal. PDs (31%) were more likely than GDs (12%) and EDs (4%) to remove carious tissues partially. Dentin hardness was the most important diagnostic criterion used during caries excavation (GDs, 90%; PDs, 72%; EDs, 88%). Only 30% of GDs, 17% of PDs, and 90% of EDs used diagnostic tests (for example, a cold test) when assessing pupal health. A substantial percentage of respondents considered endodontic treatment as a choice for treating DCLs in asymptomatic teeth in young patients (GDs, 40%; PDs, 30%; EDs, 40%). GDs rarely used a rubber dam when treating these lesions.Conclusions
Most respondents practiced complete caries removal until hard dentin was felt, using hardness as the primary excavation criterion, and did not use pulp diagnostic tests routinely before making decisions about treatment of teeth with DCLs.Practical Implications
Efforts should be made to translate the growing body of evidence supporting the use of conservative caries removal criteria to preserve pulpal health and tooth structure integrity when managing DCLs. 相似文献18.
John K. Brooks Nasir Bashirelahi Mark A. Reynolds 《Journal of the American Dental Association (1939)》2017,148(9):661-670
Background
Sales of charcoal dentifrices and powders have rapidly emerged into the Internet marketplace. The authors conducted a literature review to examine the efficacy and safety of charcoal and charcoal-based dentifrices.Methods
The authors searched the MEDLINE and Scopus databases for clinical studies on the use of charcoal and charcoal-based dentifrices and laboratory investigations on the bioactivity or toxicity of charcoal and charcoal-based dentifrices, published through February 2017. The authors used a defined search strategy to identify randomized, controlled clinical trials with a follow-up duration of 3 months or longer. In addition, the authors selected the first 50 consecutive charcoal dentifrices from Google.com and Amazon.com for ascertainment of product assortment and advertising promotions.Results
The authors’ literature search identified 118 potentially eligible articles. Thirteen studies reported brushing the teeth with raw charcoal or soot; however, none of these studies met the inclusion criteria. Two studies offered nonspecific caries reductions, 3 studies reported deleterious outcomes (increased caries, enamel abrasion, nonquantified negative impact), and 1 study indicated only that brushing with raw charcoal had no adverse effects on oral hygiene. Seven other studies reported only on the use of charcoal for oral hygiene. Internet advertisements included unsubstantiated therapeutic claims—such as antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, and oral detoxification, as well as potentially misleading product assertions. One-third of the charcoal dentifrices contained bentonite clay, and 1 contained betel leaves.Conclusions
The results of this literature review showed insufficient clinical and laboratory data to substantiate the safety and efficacy claims of charcoal and charcoal-based dentifrices. Larger-scale and well-designed studies are needed to establish conclusive evidence.Practical Implications
Dental clinicians should advise their patients to be cautious when using charcoal and charcoal-based dentifrices with unproven claims of efficacy and safety. 相似文献19.
R. Constance Wiener Chan Shen Patricia A. Findley Usha Sambamoorthi Xi Tan 《Journal of the American Dental Association (1939)》2017,148(7):500-509.e4
Background
Sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) are dietary sources of sugar that are factors in caries development and tooth loss. Dietary sugar also is linked to diabetes mellitus (DM). There is limited research related to SSBs and tooth loss in people with DM. The authors investigated the association between SSBs and tooth loss as it related to the presence or absence of DM.Methods
The authors used a cross-sectional design with data reported by adults (18 years and older) who responded to the 2012 Behavior Risk Factor Surveillance System questionnaire, which was used in 18 states (N = 95,897; 14,043 who had DM and 81,854 who did not have DM). The authors conducted χ2 and logistic regression analyses to determine associations related to DM status.Results
Overall, 12.3% of the survey respondents had DM, 15.5% had 6 or more teeth extracted, and 22.6% reported that they consumed 1 or more SSB daily. In the adjusted analyses, among adults who had DM, those who consumed at least 2 SSBs daily were more likely to have had 6 or more teeth extracted than those who reported that they did not consume SSBs (adjusted odds ratio, 2.35; 95% confidence interval, 1.37 to 4.01; P = .0018). Among adults who did not have DM, those who consumed more than 1 but fewer than 2 SSBs per day were more likely to have had at least 6 teeth extracted (adjusted odds ratio, 1.46; 95% confidence interval, 1.21 to 1.77; P < .0001).Conclusions
The authors found that, among adults with DM, consuming 2 or more SSBs per day was associated with having had 6 or more teeth extracted.Practical Implications
Dietary sugar is a concern for oral and systemic health; however, a strong, independent relationship between the number of teeth extracted and a single source of dietary sugar is not adequate to explain the complexity of tooth loss. Clinicians should use broadly worded dietary messages when discussing caries assessment with patients. 相似文献20.
Dental plan premiums in the Affordable Care Act marketplaces trended downward from 2014 through 2016