桥小脑角胆脂瘤34例临床分析

为了提高桥小脑角区胆脂瘤诊断和手术治疗效果。方法回顾性总结３４例小脑角区胆脂瘤的临床症状,诊断方式、手术入路与疗效。结果２８例肿瘤获得切除,６例为次全切除,２例死亡。２１例获得随访,１８例恢复良好,１例肿瘤复发。结论ＣＴ及ＭＲＩ检查对胆脂瘤的诊断有重要作用,采用显微手术切除桥小脑角区胆脂瘤是一种安全、有效的方法。     

CT,MRI在病毒性脑炎诊断的临床应用

本组４８例病毒性脑炎诊断明确患者，ＣＴ扫描３０例，异常２２例；ＭＲＩ检查１８例，异常１６例，阳性率分别为７３．３％和８８．９％。多病灶均检出９例，阳性率分别为４０．９％和５６．３％。从病灶分布情况看，分布在颞叶、脑干小脑的病灶，ＣＴ均检出９．１％；ＭＲＩ分别检出４３．７％和２５％。结果表明，在病毒性脑炎诊断中，ＭＲＩ优于ＣＴ。特别是对颞叶、脑干小脑病变，首选ＭＲＩ检查可以提高诊断率。     

25例遗传性小脑型共济失调患者临床及影像学表现

目的评价遗传性小脑型共济失调的临床特征及ＣＴ,ＭＲＩ对该病的诊断价值。地回顾报２５例遗传性小脑型共济失调者的临床及ＣＴ,ＭＲＩ表现。结果 ＣＴ,ＭＲＩ可发现不同程度和小脑或脑干萎缩,异常率为６１．１％～８７．５％。结论ＭＲＩ,ＣＴ诊断该 极为重要的检查,其阳性率与病程长短有关,ＭＲＩ优于ＣＴ。     

小脑桥脑角脑膜瘤的诊断和治疗

目的：总结４２例小脑桥脑角脑膜瘤的诊断和手术治疗经验。方法：４２例经单侧枕下入路或颞枕幕上、下联合入路切除肿瘤。结果：全切除（Ⅰ级、Ⅱ级切除）２９例，大部分切除１３例。结论：ＭＲＩ为道选检查方法，早期诊断及显微外科手术是提高手术疗效的关键。     

脑干病变临床及MRI分析

目的 探讨各种脑干病变的临床,ＭＲＩ表现特点及诊断价值。方法 对６７例脑干病变患者的ＭＲＩ与临床资料进行回顾性总结分析。结果 脑干病变以脑干肿瘤,出血和梗死多见,不同的病变其临床表现ＭＲＩ表现各有特点。结论ＭＲＩ明目前诊断脑干病变的最佳影像学检查手段;根据ＭＲＩ表现特点并结合临床资料,对各种脑干病变可作出基本正确的诊断。     

桥小脑角区肿瘤的MRI诊断

目的:总结桥小脑角区肿瘤的MRI表现,提高对桥小脑角区肿瘤的诊断水平。方法:回顾性分析65例经手术、病理证实的桥小脑角区肿瘤的MRI资料。结果:听神经瘤26例,脑膜瘤14例,胆脂瘤12例,三叉神经瘤8例,蛛网膜囊肿2例,脑干胶质瘤2例,颅咽管瘤1例。桥小脑角区肿瘤中最多见的是听神经瘤(40%)和脑膜瘤(21.5%)。结论:MRI可清晰显示桥小脑角区肿瘤的不同特点,对桥小脑角区肿瘤的诊断和鉴别诊断具有重要价值。     

多发性硬化临床与MR136例分析

目的：探讨多发性硬化（ＭＳ）临床特点与ＭＲＩ（磁共振成像）异常信号的诊断意义和相对应的关系。方法：全部符合ＭＳ的临床诊断标准并进行ＭＲＩ检查同样诊断ＭＳ的病人，结果：ＭＳ同时累及一个或多个不同部位，本组病例累及侧脑室周围及大脑半球２３例、脑干４例、小脑９例、海马部３例、脊髓１０例、视神经９例。结论：ＭＲＩ定位准确，诊断准确，凡是临床特点符合ＭＳ均可作ＭＲＩ检查，为临床诊断治疗提供重要信息。     

桥小脑角脑膜瘤的手术治疗

目的探讨桥小脑角脑膜瘤的手术治疗方法。方法回顾分析经手术治疗7例桥小脑角脑膜瘤。结果肿瘤全部切除5例，大部分切除2例，无手术死亡，随访无死亡，无复发。结论手术治疗是桥小脑角脑膜溜的首选治疗方法。合理选择手术入路，术中妥善处理和保护血管、神经、脑干等是提高手术疗效和患者术后生活质量的关键。     

小儿磁共振检查161例报告

小儿磁共振检查１６１例报告［苏渊等，临床儿科杂志，１９９３；１１（６）：４２８］１６１例中行头颅ＭＲＩ检查１１２例，异常发现率为５７．１％，高于本院小儿头颅ＣＴ大样本检查的阳性发现率４２．３％。文章重点讨论了ＭＲＩ对儿童小脑脑干肿瘤，脑灰白质病变和对...     

两种MRI序列对听神经瘤成象的比较与评价

为选择中等场强的ＭＲＩ听神经瘤成像最佳序列。收集手术和病理证实的听神经瘤１３５例，分析序列Ⅰ、Ⅱ对内听道中心层面、三叉神经显示率及ＭＲ征象的显示情况。结果：序列Ｉ择内听道中心层面及三叉神经的显示均优于序列Ⅱ，序列Ⅱ在显示肿瘤内囊变、出血、不肿优于序列Ｉ；对肿瘤钙化、肿瘤血管、脑干移位的观察，两者相仿。结果显示：序列Ｉ在中等场经下作为听神经瘤成像的首选序列，并中运用到小脑角区ＭＲＩ成像。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.