骨髓增生异常综合征与再生障碍性贫血患者骨髓细胞免疫表型比较分析

目的探讨骨髓细胞免疫表型对骨髓增生异常综合征(MDS)与再生障碍性贫血(AA)的临床鉴别诊断价值。方法采用单克隆抗体-生物素-亲和素酶标法对本院4年内初诊未治疗的23例AA患者、19例MDS患者及50例缺铁性贫血患者(对照组)骨髓细胞免疫表型进行检测,统计分析CD3、CD5、CD10、CD13、CD19和CD33抗原在三种疾病中表达差异。结果 AA患者骨髓细胞CD3和CD5抗原表达率明显高于对照组和MDS组(P<0.05),CD10、CD13和CD33抗原表达在AA组与对照组间无差异(P>0.05)。MDS患者骨髓细胞CD13和CD33抗原表达率均明显比对照组和AA组高(P<0.05),CD19表达低于AA组和对照组,CD3抗原表达在MDS组与对照组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论骨髓细胞免疫表型对于AA与MDS的鉴别有一定参考价值。     

流式细胞术检测CD55、CD59对阵发性睡眠性血红蛋白尿诊断价值的探讨

目的探讨患者外周血细胞膜上CD55和CD59缺陷对阵发性睡眠性血红蛋白尿(paroxysmal nocturnalhemoglobinuria,PNH)的诊断价值。方法采用流式细胞术对CD55-PE及CD59-FITC标记的患者外周血中性粒细胞和红细胞进行检测。对2009年1月～2012年3月来我院就诊的13例PNH患者、13例再生障碍性贫血(aplasticanemia,AA)、21例骨髓增生异常综合征(myelodysplastic syndromes,MDS)患者、12例缺铁性贫血(irondeficient anemia,IDA)患者与同期80例健康体检者进行回顾性分析。结果 PNH患者中性粒细胞及红细胞膜表面CD55、CD59较AA、MDS、IDA及健康体检者均明显下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论利用流式细胞术检测贫血患者外周血红细胞及中性粒细胞膜上CD55和CD59缺陷,是临床鉴别诊断PNH与AA、IDA、MDS可靠而敏感的指标。     

骨髓增生异常综合征患者骨髓造血细胞分化抗原表达及其意义

目的 了解骨髓增生异常综合征(MDS)患者骨髓成熟粒系和红系细胞分化抗原表达特点并分析其与IPSS、WPSS评分的相关性.方法 采用流式细胞术检测34例(12例低危、22例高危)MDS患者及31名正常骨髓粒系CD11b、CD13、CD16、HLA-DR以及红系CD71和血型糖蛋白A(GlyA)抗原的序贯表达比例和模式.结果 选择CD13/CD11b、CD13/CD16及CD11b/CD16组合来分析粒细胞分化抗原表达模式,对照组骨髓粒系细胞组合模式分别为"对钩"、"镰刀"或"反7"状,MDS患者骨髓粒系细胞发育分化中的抗原表达模式出现不同程度的改变.高危组CD11b-/CD11b+比值(0.39±0.34)明显高于低危组(0.10±0.09)和对照组(0.07±0.05)(P<0.01);高危组CD16-/CD16+比值(1.33±0.77)明显高于对照组(0.39 ±0.31)(P<0.05);低危和高危组骨髓粒细胞CD13的平均荧光强度(MFI)高于对照组,侧向角散射光信号(SSC)的MFI低于对照组,但差异无统计学意义.高危组CD11b-HLA-DR+3.88%±3.07%、CD11b-HLA-DR-16.23%±15.59%、CD16-HLA-DR-41.12%±24.53%、CD11b+CD16-33.53%±17.26%及CD13+CD16-44.51%±21.99%细胞占粒细胞比例明显高于低危组和对照组(P<0.05),其他组间比较差异无统计学意义.应用CD71和GlyA的组合来分析红系细胞的分化,对照组两种抗原的组合模式均为双阳性表达,部分MDS患者可见CD71和GlyA表达不同步现象.低危组和高危组CD71+和GIyA+双阳性细胞分别占CD45-细胞和GIyA+细胞的比例均显著低于对照组.MDS患者粒、红系抗原表达的比例和模式异常数目与IPSS积分(r=0.690,P=0.000)、WPSS积分(r=0.651,P=0.000)均呈正相关.结论 MDS患者造血细胞分化抗原表达异常,异常程度与预后相关.这提示分化抗原检测可能有助于MDS患者的诊断和预后判断.     

Expression of CD123 and CD114 on the bone marrow cells of patients with myelodysplastic syndrome

Background Recent studies have shown that interleukin-3 receptor α （CD123） is highly expressed on leukemia stem cells of patients with acute myeloid leukemia, and is correlated with tumor load and poor prognosis.The expression of CD123 may also be high in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome （MDS）.In this study, the expression and clinical significance of CD123 and granulocyte colony stimulating factor （G-CSF） receptor （CD114） on the bone marrow cells of patients with MDS were investigated to explore the molecular marker of the malignant clone of MDS.Methods Forty-two patients with MDS, who were diagnosed in the Hematological Department of General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University from 2008 to 2009, and twelve normal controls were enrolled in this study.Fluorescence activiated cell sorter （FACS） was used to measure the expression of CD123 on CD34＋CD38- cells and CD114 on CD34＋cells of the bone marrow of these patients and controls and the clinical significance was analyzed.The expression of CD114 on CD123＋CD34＋CD38- cells was further measured to explore the molecular marker of the malignant clone in MDS.Results MDS patients displayed significantly higher proportion of CD34＋CD38-/CD34＋ （（14.03±5.27）%） than normal controls （（7.70±4.36）%, P 〈0.05）.The expression rate of CD123＋CD34＋CD38-/CD34＋CD38- was significantly higher in MDS patients （（48.39±28.15）%） than that in normal controls （（8.75±11.71）%, P 〈0.01）.The expression level of CD123 was significantly correlated with the proportion of bone marrow blasts （r=0.457, P 〈0.05）.The expression rate of CD114＋CD34＋/CD34＋ was lower in MDS patients （（33.05±21.71）%） than that in normal controls （（38.99±19.07）%） but was not statistically significant （P 〉0.05）.The expression of CD114 on CD123＋CD34＋CD38- cells （（34.82±29.58）%） was significantly lower than that on CD123-CD34＋CD38- cells （（53.48±27.41）%） of M DS patients （P 〈0.05）.Conclusions MDS patients displayed higher proportion of CD34＋CD38-/CD34＋ than normal controls.CD123 was highly expressed in the bone marrow of the patients with MDS, significantly correlated with the proportion of bone marrow blasts, and thus might be the marker of MDS malignant clone.CD123＋CD34＋CD38- cells exhibited lower expression of G-CSF receptors, which might partly explain why MDS clone responds worse to G-CSF in vitro and in vivo.     

阵发性睡眠性血红蛋白尿症患者基质研究初探

目的研究与造血密切相关的基质在阵发性睡眠性血红蛋白尿症(PNH)患者中是否存在异常.方法对7例患者骨髓进行成纤维细胞集落(CFU-F)的培养,观察其形态及数量是否存在异常;将分选后的CD34+正常造血干/祖细胞分别加入含有相同数量的患者及正常对照基质的培养基中,观察其扩增及形成集落的情况;用半定量RT-PCR的方法,以自身β-肌动蛋白作为内参对照,检测患者肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)-α、白细胞介素6(IL-6)表达量与正常人是否不同.结果 (1)PNH患者骨髓CFU-F数量(13.0个±1.8个)类似正常人(10.7个±3.7个,P>0.05).(2)PNH患者的骨髓基质细胞对正常人造血干/祖细胞支持能力与正常人相仿.液体培养细胞数为(4.21±1.05)个×104 vs(4.76±1.04)个×104;半固体培养粒细胞集落10.80个±5.40个 vs 1.50个±0.23个;红细胞集落形成单位4.50个±3.51个 vs 0.83个±0.12个,P>0.05).(3)PNH患者骨髓基质细胞的TNF-α(以细胞因子与自身β-肌动蛋白电泳条带强度的比值表示0.55±0.12)和IL-6(0.62±0.13) mRNA表达量与正常人(0.48±0.08、0.68±0.10)相似(P>0.05).结论患者的骨髓成纤维细胞集落形成能力是正常的.患者基质细胞对正常人造血干/祖细胞的支持能力及其TNF-α、IL-6的mRNA表达基本正常.     

Transformation of myelodysplastic syndromes into acute myeloid leukemias

Background Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs), also called preleukemias, are a group of myeloid hematopoietic malignant disorders. We studied the transformation of MDS into acute myeloid leukemia (AML).Methods Leukemic transformation in 151 patients with MDS was dynamically followed up. The clinical manifestation, peripheral blood and bone marrow condition, karyotypes, immunophenotypes, response to treatment, and prognosis of AML evolution from MDS (MDS-AML) were also observed.Results During the course of this study, over the past eight years and seven months, 21 (13.91%) of 151 MDS patients progressed to overt leukemia, with a median interval of 5 (1-23) months. There were no significant differences between rates of leukemic transformation in comparison with the refractory anemia (RA), RA with excess of blasts (RAEB), and RAEB in transformation (RAEB-t) patient groups. Transformation occurred either gradually or rapidly. There were five parameters positively correlated to leukemic transformation: under 40 years of age, pancytopenia of 3 lineages, more than 15% blasts in the bone marrow, at least two abnormal karyotypes, and treatment with combined chemotherapy. All of the 21 patients with leukemia suffered from MDS-AML, and most of them were M2, M4, or M5. Two (9.52%) MDS-AML patients developed extramedullary infiltration. Leukopenia was found in 47.62% of these patients. Two thirds of these patients, whose bone marrows were generally hypercellular, suffered from neutropenia. After developing AML, 8 (47.06%) patients developed abnormal karyotypes. High expression of immature myeloid antigens, including CD33 ［(49.83±24.50)%］, CD13 ［(36.38±33.84)%］, monocytic antigen CD14 ［(38.50±24.60)%］, and stem cell marker CD34 ［(34.67±30.59)%］, were found on bone marrow mononuclear cells from MDS-AML patients after leukemic transformation. In some cases, lymphoid antigens, such as CD5, CD7, CD9, and CD19, coexisted with myeloid antigens. A low complete remission rate (31.25%) and a short survival time, with median survival of 6 (1-28) months, were found in patients with MDS-AML treated by induction chemotherapy.Conclusions MDS has a high risk of developing into AML, either gradually or rapidly. Patients with MDS-AML have specific biological characteristics and a worse prognosis.     

再生障碍性贫血造血细胞Fas抗原表达与T淋巴细胞功能的研究

目的 研究造血细胞凋亡与T淋巴细胞免疫在再生障碍性贫血(再障，Aplastic anemia，AA)发病机制中的作用及两者相关性。方法 采用流式细胞仪测定40例AA患者和15例非血液、免疫系统疾病对照者骨髓单个核细胞(BMMNC)的总CD34^ 、CD34^ Fas^ 、CD34^ Fas^-、CD3^ 、CD8^ 、CD3^ 、CD3^ CD25^ 标记值。结果 (1)与对照组比较，AA组总CD34^ 细胞％明显减少而其Fas表达率(以占总CD34^ 细胞％为计)明显增高。(2)AA组CD34^ 细胞％数与其Fas抗原表达率无明显负相关。(3)AA组T细胞％明显增多，且以CD8^ 细胞和CD3^ CD25^ 细胞增多为主。(4)AA组CD34^ 细胞％数与其T细胞活化状态无显著负相关。(5)AA组CD34^ 细胞Fas表达率与其T细胞活化状态无显著正相关。结论 AA骨髓存在着造血细胞数量减少和T淋巴细胞亚群数量、功能的异常，造血细胞数量减少还可能与Fas以外途径诱导的凋亡过度有关。骨髓造血细胞凋亡过度可能有活化T淋巴细胞免疫以外的途径诱导Fas途径或活化T淋巴细胞可以通过Fas之外的途径诱导造血细胞凋亡。     

AA、MDS和AML患者CD4~+T细胞亚群的变化及其临床意义

目的探讨CD4+T细胞亚群(Th1、Th2、Th17及Treg细胞)在再生障碍性贫血(AA)、骨髓增生异常综合征(MDS)、急性髓系白血病(AML)患者免疫发病机制中的作用,为临床治疗提供实验依据。方法采用流式细胞术检测AA组25例,MDS组48例[其中难治性贫血(MDS-RA)22例,难治性贫血伴原始细胞增多(MDS-RAEB)26例],AML组12例和正常对照组8例的外周血单个核细胞Th1、Th2、Th17及Treg细胞比例并对比分析,评价各组的细胞免疫状态。结果与正常对照组相比,AA组Th1、Th17细胞及Th1/Th2升高,而Th2和Treg细胞比例减低(P<0.05);MDS组Th1、Th2细胞、Th1/Th2与正常对照组比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),而Th17和Treg细胞比例升高(P<0.05);MDS-RA组Th1、Th17细胞比例和Th1/Th2均升高(P<0.05),Th2细胞比例减低(P<0.05),而Treg细胞比例差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);MDS-RAEB组和AML组Th1、Th17细胞比例和Th1/Th2减低(P<0.05),Th2和Treg细胞比例升高(P<0.05)。结论 AA、MDS不同阶段与AML患者的细胞免疫状态不同,在AA和MDS早期阶段,免疫因素介导的凋亡过度是骨髓衰竭的主要原因;而在MDS晚期和AML阶段,异常克隆细胞的大量积聚可能是其主要原因。     

阵发性睡眠性血红蛋白尿症患者CD34+CD59-与CD34+CD59+细胞膜EPO、TPO受体后STAT5磷酸化水平的关系

目的 观察阵发性睡眠性血红蛋白尿症(PNH)患者骨髓CD34+CD59+和CD34+CD59-细胞膜促红细胞生成素(EPO)受体(EPOR)、血小板生成素(TPO)受体(TPOR)后信号转导通路中信号转导和转录激活因子(STAT)5磷酸化水平.方法 应用流式细胞术分别检测2010年4月至2011年2月天津医科大学总医院血液肿瘤科PNH患者23例及11名健康对照骨髓单个核细胞(BMMNC)经和不经10 U/ml EPO、50 U/ml TPO刺激后CD34+CD59-和CD34+CD59+细胞磷酸化STAT5(P-STAT5)的平均荧光强度(MFI).结果 (1)未加入细胞因子时,PNH患者CD34+CD59-细胞P-STAT5的MFI为31±15,明显低于 CD34+CD59+细胞(74±47,P<0.01)及健康对照组CD34+CD59+细胞(59±23,P<0.05);PNH患者CD34+CD59+细胞P-STAT5的MFI与健康对照组CD34+CD59+细胞比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).(2) EPO、TPO刺激后,PNH患者CD34+CD59-细胞P-STAT5的MFI分别为49±24、51±41,明显低于CD34+CD59+细胞(120±82、124±87,均P<0.01)及健康对照组CD34+CD59+细胞(79±47、98±53,均P<0.05),PNH患者CD34+CD59+细胞P-STAT5的MFI与健康对照组CD34+CD59+细胞比较差异无统计学意义,经EPO、TPO刺激后PNH患者CD34+CD59+细胞P-STAT5的增高值分别为49±11、54±43,明显高于CD34+CD59-细胞(17±4、16±6,均P<0.01).结论 体外予EPO、TPO刺激,PNH患者正常克隆造血干细胞(CD34+CD59+)EPO、TPO受体后信号转导通路中STAT5磷酸化水平明显优于异常克隆造血干细胞(CD34+CD59-).

Abstract：

Objective To study the STAT5 phosphorylation levels of erythropoietin receptor (EPOR) and thrombopoietin receptor (TPOR) in CD34+CD59- and CD34+CD59+ bone marrow cells of the patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH).Methods The bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNC) were extracted from 23 PNH patients treated at our department from April 2010 to February 2011 and 11 normal controls. The mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of phosphorylated STAT5 (P-STAT5) in CD34+CD59+cells and CD34+CD59-cells with or without the stimulation of 10 U/ml EPO and 50 U/ml TPO were examined by flow cytometry.Results (1)Without stimulation, the P-STAT5 MFI in CD34+CD59- cells of PNH patients was significantly lower than that of CD34+CD59+cells (31±15 vs 74±47, P<0.01). And it was 59±23 in normal control CD34+CD59+cells (P<0.05). No statistic difference existed between the CD34+CD59+cells of PNH patients and the normal control CD34+CD59+cells. (2)Under the stimulations of EPO and TPO, the P-STAT5 MFI was significantly lower in CD34+CD59-cells of PNH patients than that of CD34+CD59+cells (49±24 and 51±41 vs 120±82 and 124±87, both P<0.01). For the normal control CD34+CD59+cells, they were 79±47 and 98±53 respectively (P<0.05).No statistic difference existed between the CD34+CD59+cells of PNH patients and the normal control CD34+CD59+cells. P-STAT5 MFI was elevated after the stimulations of EPO and TPO. The increments of CD34+CD59+cells in PNH patients were significantly higher than those of CD34+CD59-cells (49±11 and 54±43 vs 17±4 and 16±6, both P<0.01).Conclusion Under the in vitro stimulations of EPO and TPO, the STAT5 phosphorylation levels of EPO and TPO receptors in normally cloned hematopoietic stem cells in PNH patients are obviously superior to those in abnormally cloned counterparts.     

阵发性睡眠性血红蛋白尿症患者骨髓正常细胞及异常克隆分析

目的 分析阵发性睡眠性血红蛋白尿症（PNH）患者骨髓正常细胞（CD59^ )及异常克隆细胞（CD59^－）的细胞构成。方法 骨髓有核细胞免疫荧光标记后用流式细胞术分析。结果 （1）PNH患者骨髓正常及异常克隆的细胞组成在有核细胞水平是显著不均衡的，正常的CD59^ 细胞以淋巴细胞窗内细胞为主，异常的CD59^－细胞则以粒细胞窗及原始细胞窗内细胞为主。（2）PNH患者骨髓CD59^ 正常细胞群所含CD59^ 细胞总数较异常者显著减少，淋巴细胞窗及粒细胞窗内CD59^ 细胞均较异常者显著减少，前者减少更为显著。结论 PNH患者骨髓正常细胞及异常克隆的细胞构成在有核细胞水平及CD59^ 细胞水平都有显著差异，正常造血呈衰竭状态。因此，在考虑用患者自体骨髓体外净化去除异常克隆后回输给患者重建造血时，应对正常造血细胞作进一步处理，否则正常造血细胞可能不具备重建造血的能力。     

BURDEN OF ABNORMAL HEMATOPOIETIC CLONE IN PATIENTS WITH MYELODYSPLASTIC SYNDROMES

MYELODYSPLASTIC syndromes (MDS) is agroup of clone hematopoietic stem cell diseasescharacterized by dysplasia and ineffective hem-atopoiesis in one or more of the myeloid cell lines·1Studiesindicated that recurring chromosomal abnormalities werefound in4…     

骨髓增生异常综合征骨髓细胞凋亡的研究

目的研究骨髓增生异常综合征(MDS)患者骨髓细胞凋亡改变,以探讨MDS疾病本质。方法采用TUNEL法检测42例MDS、11例巨幼细胞贫血(MegA)、8例阵发性睡眠性血红蛋白尿症(PNH)、6例Evans综合征患者和10例正常健康对照组的新鲜骨髓单个核细胞(BMMNC)的凋亡情况。结果23例(54.8%)MDS患者BMMNC呈现凋亡过度,而MegA、PNH、Evans综合征患者与对照组比较无显著差异;且MDS患者凋亡累及粒、红、巨三系各阶段造血细胞,随病情进展,凋亡程度逐渐下降。结论MDS患者存在骨髓细胞过度凋亡,凋亡过度可能为导致MDS无效造血的机制之一,病情进展可能与异常克隆逃逸凋亡有关,抗凋亡治疗为早期MDS治疗提供了新思路。     

再生障碍性贫血和难治性贫血的临床观察

目的：探讨慢性再生障碍性贫血(CAA)和骨髓增生异常综合征—难治性贫血(MDS—RA)之间的差异和鉴别．方法：对61例CAA和21例MDS—RA患者的临床资料进行回顾性比较观察。结果：在MDS—RA组患者中骨髓幼稚前体细胞异常定位和网硬蛋白阳性率高于CAA组，骨髓碱性磷酸酶积分、CD16^ 和CD19^ 细胞数低于CAA组．结论：CAA和MDS—RA的鉴别诊断需结合临床表现和骨髓涂片、病理活检等综合考虑。     

骨髓增生异常综合征免疫表型及淋巴样小巨核的研究

目的探讨免疫细胞化学法在骨髓增生异常综合征(MDS)的诊断价值。方法应用一组单克隆抗体采用生物素-亲和素桥联碱性磷酸酶酶标法对14例MDS患者和7例正常人进行免疫表型检测。并且对免疫细胞化学法和骨髓普通瑞氏染色在淋巴样小巨核细胞检出率方面进行比较分析。结果免疫细胞化学法可提高淋巴样小巨核细胞检出率。MDS患者CD 41+淋巴样小巨核细胞表达异常增高,且随RA/RA S向RAEB/RAEB-t进展,表达增高。CD 34和CD 13在RAEB/RAEB-t阶段表达异常增高;CD 33表达较正常人异常增高。随着RA/RAS向RAEB/RAEB-t病情进展,CD 33、CD 13表达逐渐增加;CD 14、CD 41无表达异常。结论免疫细胞化学法具有操作简便快捷,可进行形态学识别等优点,可提高淋巴样小巨核细胞检出率。免疫表型检测可用于MDS的诊断。     

穿龙薯蓣皂苷对障碍再生性贫血小鼠骨髓T细胞亚群的影响*

[目的]观察穿龙薯蓣皂苷治疗再生障碍性贫血(简称再障)小鼠的疗效及骨髓CD3+、CD4+、CD8+的表达。[方法]建立再障小鼠模型,各组分别喂饲生理盐水、穿龙薯蓣皂苷、环孢菌素A、雷公藤多苷,连续给药14 d,取骨髓单个核细胞培养24h后,应用流式细胞术检测CD3+、CD4+、CD8+的表达水平。[结果]模型组CD3+和CD4+表达明显低于正常组(P<0.05),CD8+表达高于正常组(P<0.05),各治疗组与模型组相比均有明显差异(P<0.05),穿龙薯蓣皂苷中、高剂量组与正常组相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),与两阳性对照组相比差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。CD4+/CD8+比值:模型组低于正常组(P<0.05),中剂量组与模型组相比有明显差异(P<0.05),其余各治疗组与模型组相比均无明显差异(P>0.05)。[结论]薯蓣皂苷能调节提高再障小鼠骨髓CD3+、CD4+的表达,抑制小鼠骨髓CD8+的表达,促进CD4+/CD8+比值的恢复,从而抑制骨髓T细胞的异常激活,促进骨髓造血功能的恢复。     

骨髓增生异常综合征和再生障碍性贫血患者骨髓原始细胞免疫表型分析

目的检测骨髓增生异常综合征（MDS）和再生障碍性贫血（AA）患者骨髓原始细胞免疫表型特征,探讨其对二者发病机制、诊断、分型诊断及鉴别诊断的临床意义。方法选用多种单克隆抗体,应用直接免疫荧光法、流式细胞术和CD45/SSC设门,对MDS组23例、AA组14例、正常对照组9例的骨髓原始细胞各免疫标志的表达率进行检测。结果MDS组与正常对照组相比其造血干/祖细胞抗原CD34、HLA DR、髓系早期抗原CD13、CD33、单核系抗原CD14、T淋巴细胞抗原CD7的表达率增高,髓系成熟抗原CD15、B淋巴系抗原CD19、CD20的表达率降低,DI值增高（P＜0.05）;RAEB组与RA组相比CD34、HLA DR、CD13、CD33、CD14、CD7的表达率增高,CD15、CD3、CD19、CD20的表达率减低,DI值增高（P＜0.05）。AA组与正常对照组相比其CD34、CD13、CD33、CD15的表达率降低,CD3、CD7、CD25、CD22的表达率增高（P＜0.05）。MDS组与AA组相比其CD34、HLA DR、CD13、CD33、CD14的表达率增高,CD3、CD5、CD7、CD15、CD19、CD20、CD22、CD25的表达率显著降低（P＜0.05）。结论MDS和AA患者骨髓细胞免疫表型分析,有助于揭示二者的发病机制,为临床提供新的诊断、分型及鉴别诊断方法。     

骨髓增生异常综合征的染色体变化和病态造血

本文用短期培养法,G显带技术研究51例骨髓增生异常综合征(MDS)患者骨髓核型变化,并用记分法定量研究46例MDS的病态造血的程度。结果表明,克隆性染色体异常率为49％,最常见的异常为 8。检出染色体均染区2例,提示癌基因扩增;检出自发性早熟凝聚染色体6例,与多核细胞及多倍体细胞相关。发现病态造血严重者其核型异常率也较高。     

骨髓增生异常综合征患者骨髓CD34+细胞亚群及其表面造血因子受体的表达

目的 探讨骨髓增生异常综合征(MDS)患者骨髓CD34+细胞亚群及其表面干细胞因子受体(SCF-R)、红细胞生成素受体(EpoR)、粒细胞集落刺激因子受体(G-CSFR)及血小板生成素受体(TpoR)的表达情况及其意义.方法 采用流式细胞术检测2008年7月至2010年3月天津医科大学总医院新诊断的45例MDS患者(17例低危患者、28例高危患者)及30名对照组原代骨髓CD34+CD38+及CD34+CD38-细胞亚群及其表面SCF-R、EpoR、G-CSFR及TpoR的表达率.结果 高危组CD34+细胞比例[0.53%(0.10%～1.68%)]明显高于对照组[0.13%(0.08%～0.32%),P＜0.01],其他2组间比较差异无统计学意义.低危组和高危组CD34+CD38+细胞比例(86.3%±8.5%、82.6%±11.1%)显著低于对照组(92.3%±3.4%,均P＜0.05),而CD34+CD38-细胞比例(13.7%±8.5%、17.4%±11.0%)显著高于对照组(7.7%±3.4%,均P＜0.05).对照组骨髓CD34+CD38+细胞亚群EpoR表达率(18.7%±18.3%)显著低于CD34+CD38-细胞亚群(63.6%±20.0%,P＜0.01),两亚群之间SCF-R、G-CSFR及TpoR表达率差异无统计学意义.在CD34+CD38+细胞亚群中,3组间SCF-R和TpoR表达率差异无统计学意义,而低危组和高危组EpoR的表达率[9.0%(1.4%～12.7%)、5.2%(1.1%～14.1%)]明显低于对照组[9.6%(5.1%～30.1%),均P＜0.05],G-CSFR的表达率(29.8%±19.1%、28.7%±21.1%)明显低于对照组(44.4%±23.4%,均P＜0.05);在CD34+CD38-细胞亚群中,3组间SCF-R和G-CSFR表达率差异无统计学意义,低危组和高危组EpoR的表达率(42.2%±21.9%、25.7%±15.6%)明显低于对照组(63.6%±20.0%,均P＜0.01),TpoR的表达率(5.4%±4.7%、4.1%±4.0%)明显低于对照组(10.1%±8.3%,均P＜0.05).MDS患者骨髓CD34+CD38+和CD34+CD38-细胞亚群表面受体表达率低的患者其外周血血红蛋白水平、中性粒细胞及血小板计数减低的发生率明显高于受体表达率不低的患者(均P＜0.05).结论 MDS患者的原代骨髓CD34+细胞亚群分化异常,膜表面部分造血细胞因子受体表达减低,这可能与MDS患者血细胞减少有关,有望用于辅助诊断MDS.

Abstract：

Objective To detect the abnormalities of differentiation and expression of membrane hemopoietic cytokine receptors on CD34 + bone marrow cells in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). Methods Forty-five newly diagnosed MDS cases from July 2008 to March 2010 in our hospitaland 30 normal controls were enrolled. There were 17 low-risk and 28 high-risk patients. The CD34 + CD38 +and CD34 + CD38- bone marrow cells and the expressions of stem cell factor receptor (SCF-R),erythropoietin receptor (EpoR), granulocyte colony-stimulating factor receptors (G-CSFR) and thrombopoietin receptor (TpoR) on those cells were measured by flow cytometry. Results The mean percentage of CD34+ in karyocyte of MDS cases in high-risk patients [0. 53% (0. 10% - 1.68% )] was significantly higher than that of control group [0. 13% ( 0. 08% - 0. 32% ), P ＜ 0. 01] . The mean percentages of CD34 + CD38 + cells were significantly lower in low and high-risk groups (86. 3% ± 8.5% and 82. 6% ± 11.1% ) than those in control group (92. 3% ± 3.4% ). And the percentage of CD34+ CD38-cells was significantly higher in either low-risk or high-risk group ( 13.7% ±8. 5% and 17.4% ± 11.0% )than that in control group (7.7% ± 3.4%, both P ＜ 0. 05 ). In control group, the mean percentage of antigen expression of EpoR was significantly lower in CD34 + CD38 + cells than that in CD34 + CD38 - cells ( 18.7% ± 18. 3% vs 63. 6% ±20. 0%, P ＜0. 01 ). The expressions of SCF-R, G-CSFR and TpoR were not significantly different between two cell populations. The expressions of EpoR on CD34 + CD38 + cells of low and high-risk MDS groups [9.0% ( 1.4% - 12. 7% ), 5. 2% ( 1.1% - 14. 1% )] were significantly lower than those of control group [9. 6% (5.1% - 30. 1% ), both P ＜ 0. 05]. The expressions of G-CSFR on CD34+CD38+ cells of low and high-risk MDS groups (29.8% ± 19. 1%, 28.7% ± 21.1%) were significantly lower than those of control group (44.4% ± 23.4%, both P ＜ 0. 05 ). The quantities of EpoR on CD34 + CD38 - cells of low and high-risk MDS groups ( 42. 2% ± 21.9%, 25.7% ± 15. 6% ) were significantly lower than those of control group ( 63. 6% ± 20. 0%, both P ＜ 0. 01 ). The expressions of TpoR on CD34+ CD38- cells of low and high-risk MDS groups (5.4% ± 4.7%, 4.1% ± 4.0%) were significantly lower than those of control group ( 10. 1% ± 8. 3%, both P ＜ 0. 05 ). The incidence of cytopenia with low expression rates of hemopoietic cytokine receptors on CD34 + cells was higher than that of MDS with high expression rates. Conclusion The abnormalities of differentiation and membrane hemopoietic cytokine receptors expression of CD34 + bone marrow cells in MDS are associated with MDS cytopenia and may be useful for the diagnosis of MDS.     

骨髓增生异常综合征中骨髓CD34~+、CD34~-细胞凋亡和增殖的实验研究

目的:分析骨髓增生异常综合征(MDS)患者骨髓CD34+细胞和CD34-细胞凋亡和增殖情况,从该角度探讨MDS的发病机制。方法:流式细胞术分析20例高危MDS、20例低危MDS患者及10例正常对照者骨髓CD34+细胞的比例,CD34+细胞和CD34-细胞凋亡、增殖的百分率,计算各组中的凋亡/增殖(A/P)比。结果:(1)MDS患者CD34+细胞的比例明显高于对照组,其中高危组CD34+细胞的比例明显高于低危组(P<0.05),而低危组与对照组比较无显著差异;(2)CD34+,CD34-细胞的凋亡率在MDS低危组中均为最高,明显高于MDS高危组和对照组,在低危组中,CD34-细胞的凋亡率(80.36±1.82)%明显高于CD34+细胞(54.75±2.18)%(P<0.05),而在高危组中,CD34+,CD34-细胞的凋亡率无显著差异;(3)CD34+细胞的增殖率在MDS高危组中最高,明显高于低危组和对照组,而CD34-细胞的增殖率在MDS高危和低危组间无显著差异,在高危组中,CD34+细胞的增殖率(50.67±3.37)%明显高于CD34-细胞的(30.99±1.96)%(P<0.05);(4)无论CD34+,CD34-细胞的A/P值在MDS低危组中均明显高于高危组和正常对照组,而在MDS各亚组中,CD34-细胞的A/P值明显高于CD34+的A/P值(P<0.05)。结论:CD34+细胞百分率随MDS危险度增加而逐渐增加,在低危组中以CD34-细胞的凋亡占主导,随着病情进展,在高危组中则以CD34+细胞的增殖占主导,提示异常的凋亡和增殖在MDS的发生和发展中起重要作用。     

骨髓增生异常综合征异常克隆起源的研究

目的：研究骨髓增生异常综合征（MDS）异常克隆的细胞起源。方法：应用识别髓系细胞的CD33单克隆抗体、B细胞的CD19单克隆抗和T细胞的CD2单克隆抗体的免疫磁珠分别分选10例有染色体异常的MDS患者（其中8三体5例,8三体合并9三体1例,8三体合并7p-1例,20q-2例,t（1：7）1例）骨髓中的CD2^ 、CD19^ 和CD33^ 细胞,随后分别采用1、7、8号染色体着丝粒探针和20q12序列特异性探针对上述细胞进行间期荧光原位杂交检测,每类细胞均计数200-300个。结果：8三体、r（1:7）易位和20q-染色体异常均累及CD33^ 细胞,而CD2^ 细胞均未被累及;1例20q^-还累及CD19^ 细胞。结论：MDS的染色体畸变主要累及髓系,但在少数MDS可累及B淋巴细胞,提示异常克隆起源于多能干细胞阶段。