2β-(4′-甲基- 1′-哌嗪基)- 3α-羟基-16,17-取代-5α-雄甾烷的合成

为了寻找心血管系统药物,以表雄酮为原料,合成了7个16,17位取代的目标化合物:2β-(4’-甲基-1’-哌嗪基)-3α-羟基-5α-雄甾-17-酮、2β-(4’-甲基-1’-哌嗪基)-3α,17β-二羟基-5α-雄甾烷、2β-(4’-甲基-1’-哌嗪基)-3α-羟基-16α-溴-5α-雄甾-17-酮、2β-(4’-甲基-1’-哌嗪基)-3α,16α-二羟基-17-氧-5α-雄甾烷、2β-(4’-甲基-1’-哌嗪基)-3α,16α-二羟基-17-肟-5α-雄甾烷、2β-(4’-甲基-1’-哌嗪基)-3α,16α-二羟基-17β-氨基-5α-雄甾烷和2β—(4’-甲基-1’-哌嗪基)-3α,17β-二羟基-16β-氨基-5α-雄甾烷。初步药理试验结果表明它们都有不同程度的抗心律失常活性。     

A-失碳-5α-雄甾烷化合物的合成及抗生育活性

设计合成了16个A-失碳-5α-雄甾烷化合物,经红外、核磁、质谱及元素分析等确证结构。小白鼠抗着床试验结果表明化合物8,9,10和16具一定的抗着床活性,2.5mg·kg^-1灌胃给药,终止妊娠率67%～75%,其它化合物活性均较低。作者对其可能的构效关系进行了简略的分析。     

血吸虫病化学治疗的研究——Ⅳ.β-(5-硝基-2-呋喃)丙酰胺类及其α,β-二溴取代衍生物的合成

本文报道38个β-(5-硝基-2-呋喃)丙酰胺及其α,β-二溴取代衍生物的合成。这类化合物的制备是以相应的β-(5-硝基-2-呋喃)丙烯酰胺类化合物(Ⅰ)进行催化氢化或与溴加成而得。经动物筛选发现β-(5-硝基-2-呋喃)丙烯酰胺类的丙烯双键以氢饱和以后生成丙酰胺类化合物(Ⅱ),对感染日本血吸虫病的小白鼠完全失去治疗或预防作用。而以溴饱和双键的α,β-二溴化合物(Ⅲ)则仍然有较显著的杀虫作用。其中尤以β-(5-硝基-2-呋喃)-α,β-二溴丙酰异丙胺(Ⅲ₁₁)和β-(5-硝基-2-呋喃)-α,β-二溴丙酰甘氨酸乙酯(Ⅲ₂₄)最为显著,后者曾试用于临床,证明有一定疗效。     

部分A-失碳-5α-雄甾烷类化合物的合成

合成A-失碳-5α-雄甾烷-2,17-双酮肟(Ⅳa),A-失碳-5α-雄甾烷-2,17-双酮苯腙(Ⅳc),A-失碳-5α-雄甾烷-2,17-双酮-2-腙(Ⅳb)以及2ξ-乙炔基-A-失碳-5α-雄甾烷-2ξ,17β-二醇双丙酸酯(Ⅷb)及其17-肉桂酸酯(Ⅷa)。用元素分析、红外光谱证实了这些化合物的结构,其中化合物Ⅳb和Ⅷa尚未见文献报道。这些化合物正在作小白鼠的抗生育活性试验。     

哺乳动物信息素5α-雄甾-16-烯-3-酮和3α-羟基-5α-雄甾-16-烯的合成

信息素是指动物用来传递信息,使对方产生一系列反应而释放出来的物质,制约着动物的许多行为和生理等生物学特征,从而有效地调节群体机能。最近十多年来对昆虫信息素的研究已在防治虫害方面得到实际应用,而对哺乳动物信息素则是正在开展的一个新领域。显然,研究和阐明哺乳动物的信息传递作用不仅有助于了解哺乳动物本身的发展规律,而且对农、林、牧、副诸方面的实际应用也有重要意义和广阔前景。最近范志勤等报道,他们     

6-连氮和6α-甲氧基-6β-取代腙青霉素的合成及抗菌活性

本文报道新颖的6-连氮和6α-甲氧基-6β-取代腙青霉素的合成及引入6α-甲氧基的新方法。这类化合物对一些阴性菌和阳性菌有中等活力,且引入6α-甲氧基之后对细菌的抑制作用增强。     

血吸虫病化学治疗的研究——ⅩⅩⅩⅣ.α-氯-β-(5-硝基-2-呋喃)丙烯酰胺类及其乙烯噁二唑类衍生物的合成

Synthesis of 35 new compounds of α-chloro-β-(5-nitro-2-furyl) acrylamides and 5-[α-chloro-β-(5-nitro-2-furyl ) vinyl]-oxadiazoles by known methods are reported. In preliminary test in mice 10 compounds were found to possess pronounced activity against Schistosomiasis japonica. Among these Ⅰ₁₂, Ⅰ₁₃, Ⅰ₁₄, Ⅰ₂₀, Ⅱ₁ and Ⅱ₈ were shown to be the most effective.     

血吸虫病化学治疗的研究——ⅩⅩⅩⅦ.β-(5-硝基-4-溴-2-呋喃)-及β-(4,5-二溴-2-呋喃)丙烯酰胺及其酯类的合成

本文报道β-(4,5-二溴-2-呋喃)-及β-(5-硝基-4-溴-2-呋喃)丙烯酰胺及其酯类衍生物26个的合成。动物筛选结果表明;化合物Ⅲ₆,Ⅲ₈和Ⅲ₁₃对感染日本血吸虫小白鼠有明显的治疗作用。化合物Ⅱ₆有较明显的预防作用。     

11α-羟基炔雌醚和11α-甲氧基炔雌醚的合成及其抗生育作用

为了寻找抗生育药物,从△⁹⁽¹¹⁾-雌素酮开始,经环戊醚化、缩酮化、硼氢化-氧化、甲基化、脱缩酮、乙炔化等反应合成了11α-羟基炔雌醚、11α-甲氧基炔雌醚。目的化合物及相应中间体的结构依据波谱分析等确定。小鼠实验表明这两个化合物不具明显抗生育活性。     

β-谷甾醇侧链的降解:Δ4-雄甾烯-3,17-二酮的生成

用牝牛分枝杆菌(Mycobacterium vaccae 209-20)切断β-谷甾醇(Ib)的侧链,获得△⁴-雄甾烯-3,17-二酮(Ⅱ)和少量的△^1.4-雄甾烯-3,17-二酮(Ⅲ)。产物Ⅱ的收率为32%。     

R,S-1-(取代苯基)-4-[3-(萘-1-氧基)-2-羟基丙基]哌嗪类化合物的设计、合成及血管舒张活性

设计合成具有血管舒张活性的苯基哌嗪类系列化合物。以naftopidil活性代谢产物为先导化合物，根据已报道的苯基哌嗪类α₁-受体拮抗剂构效关系研究结论对先导化合物进行结构优化，设计并合成一系列新的苯基哌嗪类化合物，确定其结构，并通过测定其对苯肾上腺素引起家兔胸主动脉条收缩的抑制作用评价其血管舒张活性。发现其中5个化合物显示出不同程度的活性，其中化合物16的血管舒张活性较强，其在0.01和1 μmol·L^-1条件下血管收缩抑制率分别达到7.03%和22.72%，化合物16拟采用自发性高血压大鼠降压试验等进行进一步抗高血压活性研究。以上研究提示已报道苯基哌嗪类化合物的构效关系研究结论可适合于naftopidil的结构修饰。     

Synthesis and in vitro anti-Helicobacter pylori activity of 2-[(chlorobenzyl)thio]-5-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazoles

A new series of 2-[(chlorobenzyl)thio]-5-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazoles (6a–h) were synthesized and evaluated by the disc diffusion method against Helicobacter pylori. Four compounds which exhibited strong anti-H. pylori activity at concentration of 8–32 μg/disc (average of inhibition zone >20 mm) were further tested against 20 clinical isolates of H. pylori at lower concentrations. The averages of inhibition zone diameters indicated that all selected compounds exhibit better anti-H. pylori activity profile against clinical isolates of H. pylori with respect to standard drug metronidazole. Compound 6c, containing the 3-chlorobenzylthio moiety, was the most potent compound tested.     

Derivatives of 4-(2-N,N-Di-n-propylaminoethyl)-5-hydroxyindole: Synthesis and Pharmacological Effects

5-Methoxy-l-methyl-4-(2-N,N-di-n-propylaminoethyl)indole (12) was synthesized from 5-hydroxyindole by a multistep synthesis. This target compound was designed as a bioisostere of p-dimethoxy catechol congeners of dopaminergic agonists derived from a variety of ring systems, in some of which p-dimethoxy-substituted systems are potent, active dopaminergic agonists. To complete the indole series, all possible combinations of N- and O-demethylated derivatives of 12 were prepared and were also evaluated pharmacologically. All members of this indole-derived series showed a low order of cardiovascular activity, which appeared to be independent of dopamine receptors. The lack of dopaminergic activity of 12 is cited as yet another example of the unpredictable effect of replacement of the catechol moiety of a dopaminergic agonist with a p-dimethoxy moiety.To whom correspondence should be addressed.     

Antiarrhythmic and hypotensive activities of 1-[2-hydroxy-3-(4-phenyl-1-piperazinyl)propyl]-pyrrolidin-2-one (MG-1(R,S)) and its enantiomers

The compound MG-1(R,S), (1-[2-hydroxy-3(4-phenyl-1-piperazinyl)propyl]-pyrrolidin-2-one, and its enantiomers were tested for electrocardiographic, antiarrhythmic and hypotensive activities. The racemic mixture (MG-1(R,S)) and its S-enantiomer significantly decreased systolic and diastolic blood pressure and possessed antiarrhythmic activity. The S-enantiomer displayed the greatest effect. The R-enantiomer did not show antiarrhythmic or hypotensive activity. The results suggest that the antiarrhythmic and hypotensive effects of these compounds are related to their adrenolytic properties.     

氧甲氢龙合成中伴生副产物2-(2-羟基乙氧基)-17β-羟基-2,17α-二甲基-A-失碳-5α-雄甾烷的鉴定与合成

目的为改进氧甲氢龙的合成工艺及提高产率提供实验依据。方法通过柱色谱、重结晶等方法分离纯化合成氧甲氢龙过程中发现的副产物,经IR、1H-NMR、13C-NMR、MS、元素分析、X-单晶衍射实验等分析手段确证副产物的化学结构;推测副产物的形成机制并按此机制合成该副产物。结果与结论鉴定副产物为2-（2-羟基乙氧基）-17β-羟基-2,17α-二甲基-A-失碳-5α-雄甾烷,其形成机制可能是格氏试剂形成的甲基负离子在进攻中间体（7）17位的羰基碳的同时,一部分的甲基负离子从甾体平面结构的下方进攻了2位的乙缩酮的碳原子进而生成该副产物。准确分析出副产物的化学结构及形成机制。     

6-氟-2-乙基-3-(3,5-二溴-4-羟基)苯甲酰基苯并呋喃的合成

目的优化6-氟-2-乙基-3-(3,5-二溴-4-羟基)苯甲酰基苯并呋喃的合成工艺。方法以4-氟水杨醛为起始原料,经环合、还原、在伊顿试剂中酰化、三氯化铝脱甲基、溴代得到目标化合物。结果经五步合成了目标产物,总收率为18.7%,目标化合物结构经1H-NMR和MS确证。结论改进后的工艺操作简单,条件温和,收率较高,更适合工业化生产。     

Synthesis and antiviral activity of new 4-(phenylamino)/4-[(methylpyridin-2-yl)amino]-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine-4-carboxylic acids derivatives

The synthesis of new 4-(phenylamino)-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine-4-carboxylic acid (3a-l) derivatives and the new 4-[(methylpyridin-2-yl)amino]-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine-4-carboxylic acid (5a–c) derivatives was achieved with an efficient synthetic route. Ethyl 4-chloro-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine-5-carboxylate (1) on fusion with appropriate substituted anilines or aminopicolines gave the required new ethyl 4-(phenylamino)-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine-5-carboxylates (2a–l) (52–82%) or new ethyl 4-[(methylpyridin-2-yl)amino]-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine-5-carboxylates (4a–c) (50–60%), respectively. Subsequent hydrolysis of the esters afforded the corresponding carboxylic acids (3a–l) (86–93%) and (5a–c) in high yield (80–93%). Inhibitory effects of 4-(phenylamino)/4-[(methylpyridin-2-yl)amino]-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine-4-carboxylic acids. Derivatives on Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), Mayaro virus (MAY) and vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) were investigated. Compounds 2d, 3f, 3a, and 3c exhibited antiviral activity against HSV-1, MAY, and VSV virus with EC₅₀ values of 6.8, 2.2, 4.8, 0.52, 2.5, and 1.0. None of these compounds showed toxicity for Vero cells.     

Synthesis and antifungal activity of new N-(1-phenyl-4-carbetoxypyrazol-5-yl)-, N-(indazol-3-yl)- and N-(indazol-5-yl)-2-iodobenzamides

N-(1-Phenyl-4-carbetoxypyrazol-5-yl)-, N-(indazol-3-yl)- and N-(indazol-5-yl)-2-iodobenzamides 6, with a Benodanil-like structure, were synthesized by refluxing in acetic acid the corresponding benzotriazinones 5 with potassium iodide for 1 h in order to study the role on the antifungal activity of the N-substitution with an aromatic heterocyclic system on benzamide moiety. Among the tested iododerivatives, compounds 6d,f,g,h possess interesting activities toward some phytopathogenic fungal strains.