Altered activity of respiratory chain enzymes in mitochondria of peripheral blood lymphocytes after irradiation in rats

The effect of ionizing radiation on the activity of succinate dehydrogenase (complex II) and succinate-cytochrome C-oxidoreductase in peripheral blood lymphocytes is studied on rats exposed to whole-body γ-irradiation in doses of 9.5–10.5 Gy. On day 5 after irradiation, when the number of lymphocytes is sharply reduced, enzyme activity in the remaining population is found to be reliably increased. These changes are not related to biological cycles. It is assumed that most of the survivors after high-dose irradiation are the cell populations maintaining a high level of oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Giologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 120, N ^o . 8, pp. 158–159, August, 1995 Presented by D. S. Sarkisov, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Metabolic types of regulation of lactate dehydrogenase and alcohol dehydrogenase activity in the liver of intact animals

A possible relationship between metabolic types of regulation of liver oxidative enzymes (lactate dehydrogenase and alcohol dehydrogenase) and the blood level of cortisol and insulin in intact animals is explored. The liver enzyme activity is found to depend on the initial physiological state of the organism. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 119, N ^o 4, pp. 421–422, April, 1995 Presented by Yu. A. Romanov, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Effect of chorionic gonadotropin on lactate dehydrogenase and alcohol dehydrogenase activity in the pathologically altered liver

Chorionic gonadotropin is shown to alter lactate dehydrogenase and alcohol dehydrogenase activity in the pathologically altered liver and to exert a regulatory effect on the catalytic properties of these enzymes. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 117, N ^o 6, pp. 590–591, June, 1994 Presented by Yu. A. Romanov, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Frequency and phase correlation of rhythms of dihygroorotate dehydrogenase activity in rat peripheral blood lymphocytes and solar activity rhythms and wave periods of planets

The common variation pattern and the synchronous increases of enzymatic and solar activity are explained by the identical frequencies of the bio- and heliorhythms and by the strict phase coordination of the latter. It is shown to be possible to predict enzymatic activity according to the sum of the resonance heliorhythms. The wave genesis of the resonance between enzymatic and solar fluctuations is confirmed by the fact that the periods of the bio- and heliorhythms are the same as the wave periods of planets. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 120, N ^o 9, pp. 294–298, September, 1995 Presented by F. I. Komarov, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Circadian variations in the metabolic reaction of human blood lymphocytes to hormonal stimuli in health and immunodeficiency

Circadian variations in the sensitivity of blood lymphocyte succinate dehydrogenase to thymalin and hydrocortisone are shown. The maximal sensitivity to thymalin is observed in the morning, and to hydrocortisone in the evening. The range of fluctuations in this parameter is wider in patients with immunodeficiency than in donors. Moreover, the direction of the lymphocyte metabolic reaction to the studied agents was found to be disturbed in the patients. The findings may be useful for designing chronotherapeutic schemes with the use of hormonal immunomodulating agents. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 119, N ^o 2, pp. 181–183, February, 1995     

Functional activity of spleen and peripheral blood lymphocytes in stress-induced immunodepression

Study of lymphoid organs and T and B cells in white rats shows that long-term stress causes progressive suppression of the immune response. Blockade of steroid hormone synthesis in the adrenal cortex prevents the development of immunodepression, implying a protective effect of such a blockade against stress-related secondary immunodeficiency. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 122, No. 7, pp. 64–68, July, 1996     

Androstenedione conversion in human peripheral blood lymphocytes

The ability of human peripheral blood lymphocytes to convert the androgenic steroid metabolite androstenedione diminishes in women over 45 years old or during menopause. In patients with breast cancer in menopause the ability of lymphocytes to convert androstenedione is enhanced compared with the control. The intensity of conversion in circulating lymphocytes correlates with the blood concentration of sex steroids. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 117, N ^o 5, pp. 517–519, May, 1994 Presented by A. N. Klimov, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Effect of atp and cocarboxylase on activity of malate dehydrogenase and its isozymes in blood serum and myocardium

Changes in the activity of malate dehydrogenase (MD) and its isozymes in the blood serum and heart muscle of rats were investigated during hypoxia and under the influence of ATP and cocarboxylase. An additional cathodic isozyme (MD₄) appeared in the blood serum during hypoxia. Under the influence of ATP and cocarboxylase the metabolic changes in the blood and myocardium induced by hypoxia did not correlate fully.Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR A. A. Vishnevskii.Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 80, No. 8, pp. 48–50, August, 1975.     

Expression of CD95 on peripheral blood lymphocytes in patients with autoimmune diseases and neoplasms

CD95 expression on peripheral blood lymphocytes in patients with neoplasms was higher than in patients with autoimmune disorders. Apoptosis of T cells increased during tumor growth. The data suggest that neoplasms are accompanied by more severe immune dysfunction than autoimmune disorders. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 130, No. 9, pp. 324–326, September, 2000     

Expression of CD95 on peripheral blood lymphocytes in patients with autoimmune diseases and neoplasms

CD95 expression on peripheral blood lymphocytes in patients with neoplasms was higher than in patients with autoimmune disorders. Apoptosis of T cells increased during tumor growth. The data suggest that neoplasms are accompanied by more severe immune dysfunction than autoimmune disorders. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 130, No. 9, pp. 324–326, September, 2000     

Effect of antiserotonin antibodies on functional activity of T and B lymphocytes and peritoneal macrophages

Experiments on C57Bl/6 mice showed that antiserotonin antibodies injected intraperitoneally in a dose of 25 mg/kg or added to cell culture in a dose of 10⁻⁷ mol/ml suppress lymphocyte proliferative response to pokeweed mitogen and stimulate functional activity of macrophages. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 125, No. 2, pp. 140–142, February, 1998     

Count and heterogeneity of human fetal blood lymphocytes in the course of fetal development

Blood specimens from 89 human embryos and fetuses were analyzed by immunological methods during gestation weeks 4–40. All formed elements circulate in fetal blood starting from week 13 of gestation. Lymphocytes predominate among blood leukocytes, because normally lymphocytosis is an inherent, feature of blood. T cells and their subpopulations: active T lymphocytes, Tγ lymphocytes, and theophylline-sensitive and risistant, cells are present. B lymphocytes are represented by cells with immunoglobulins M and G, zero cells, and large granular lymphocytes. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 126., No. 9, pp. 331–333, September, 1998     

Effect of immunization against alcohol dehydrogenase on the behavior of white rats

Active immunization of white rats with alcohol dehydrogenase (horse ADH-1), a major ethanol-metabolizing enzyme shown to cause considerable and long-term inhibition of alcohol consumption, did not have adverse effects on their behavior. Rather, the rats showed enhanced motor and orienting-exploratory activities, developed conditioned responses (with both positive and negative reinforcements) more readily, and spent less time in a state of immobilization in the forced swimming test as compared with nonimmunized controls. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 118, N ^o 10, pp. 349–351, October, 1994     

Adrenergic innervation of the gingiva in experimental periodontitis

In experiments on guinea pigs, the nerve-tissue relationships in gingival papillae were studied under conditions of experimental inflammation induced by local (turpentine injection) and general (whole-body γ-irradiation). It is found that structural and metabolic changes in the lamina propria and epithelium of the gingival mucosa correlate with disturbances in trophic influences from the sympathetic nervous system. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 127, No. 5, pp. 564–568, May, 1999     

Thymectomy and splenectomy in adult mice do not affect suppressor activity of T lymphocytes specific for antigens of the H-2 complex

Laboratory of Mechanisms of Regulation of Immunity, Research Institute of Carcinogenesis, All-Union Oncologic Scientific Center, Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow. (Presented by Academician N. N. Trapeznikov, Academy of Medical Sciences.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 113, No. 4, pp. 392–395, April. 1992.     

Changes in H-alloantigen-recognition function of lymphocytes after hydrocortisone administration in mice

The ability of spleen, thymus, and bone-marrow cells of intact (control) and hydrocortisone-treated (experiment) CBA mice to induce a lymph node graft versus host reaction (GVHR) in (CBA×C57BL)F₁ hybrids was compared. After injection of hydrocortisone into the donors in a dose of 2.5 mg per mouse their spleen cells induced a more active GVHR, as shown by an increase in the lymph node indices and in the percentage of immunoblasts in the regional (popliteal) lymh node compared with the control. After transfer of thymus cells of hydrocortisone-treated donors the number of immunoblasts was higher than, but the weight of the lymph node was almost the same as in the control. Conversely, after injection of bone marrow cells from hydrocortisone-treated donors, the lymph node enlarged whereas the percentage of immunoblasts did not increase above the control. Consequently, when the increase in the hydrocortisone level is exogenous in nature, the cell populations of the spleen and thymus contain a higher proportion of T lymphocytes, which respond by proliferation to contact with H alloantigens.Institute of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, Siberian Branch, Novosibirsk. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR V. P. Kaznacheev.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 84, No. 10, pp. 458–459, October, 1977.     

Characteristics of the skin lactate dehydrogenase isozyme spectrum after thermal injuries

Activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LD) and its isozymes in the injured zone and in adjacent areas of the skin was investigated at various times after infliction of burns in rats. On the 1st–8th day after burning total LD activity was reduced in the zone of the scab and in the underlying tissues by 70–80% and in the border and intact skin by 50%. These changes were accompanied by changes in the LD isozyme spectrum in the injured tissue: On the 1st day the activity of fraction 5 was sharply increased and activity of fractions 2 and 3 reduced; by the 8th day, on the other hand, some decrease in activity of fraction 5 and an increase in activity of fractions 2 and 3 were observed. By the 14th–22nd day after burning total LD activity remained low, the LD isozyme spectrum in the border and scab was largely restored to normal, whereas in the underlying tissue changes in the relative proportions of LD isozymes were still present (a decrease in activity of fractions 1–3 and an increase in activity of fraction 5).Laboratory of Biochemistry, A. V. Vishnevskii Institute of Surgery, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, Moscow. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR M. I. Kuzin.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 84, No. 9, pp. 294–297, September, 1977.     

Cholesterol level in peripheral blood lymphocytes: Relationship with ischemic heart disease in patients with various forms of hyperlipidemia

Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol.116, N ^o 11, pp. 476–479, November 1993     

Functional activity of blood mononuclear cells during regeneration of bone tissue

It is established that, during elongation of a segment of the extremity, normal regeneration of the bone tissue is attended by a slight decrease in monocyte adherence during the postoperative period and by an increase of the functional activity of lymphocytes during subsequent activation of osteogenesis. Suppression of the lymphoid apparatus is observed in the case of disturbed osteogenesis. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 1117, N ^o 1, pp. 104–105, January, 1994