慢性乙型肝炎患者睡眠质量与心理健康水平的相关研究

目的 了解慢性乙肝患者的睡眠质量和心理健康水平状况以及两者之间的关系,为改善慢性乙肝患者的睡眠质量和心理健康水平提供参考和依据.方法 随机抽取76例慢性乙肝患者采用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表（PSQI）和症状自评量表（SCL-90）进行问卷调查.结果 （1）53例（69.74％）慢性乙肝患者存在睡眠质量问题,睡眠质量不佳主要体现在日间功能障碍（75％）,入睡时间（68.42％）,睡眠质量（68.42％）,睡眠障碍（57.89％）.（2）26例34.21％的慢性乙肝患者存在心理问题,主要表现在强迫症状（14.47％）、抑郁（13.1％）、人际关系敏感（13.1％）、躯体化（13.1％）.（3）睡眠质量良和差的慢性乙肝患者在SCL-90总分及各因子得分上差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）.（4）慢性乙肝患者PSQI总分及大多数因子分与SCL-90总分及各因子呈正相关（P＜0.05）.结论 慢性乙肝患者的睡眠质量与心理健康水平高度相关,因此要积极关注慢性乙肝患者的睡眠质量.     

大学生睡眠质量与心理健康状况的相关性研究

本研究应用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)和症状自评量表(SCL-90)探讨了大学生睡眠质量与心理健康的关系。结果显示560名大学生PSQI总均分为5.26±2.38,以PSQI≥8(X SD)为标准,则13.93％的学生睡眠质量较差,男生显著高于女生(18.01％Vs8.40％,P<0.01)。对SCL-90各因子分析发现7.0％～27.9％的学生有不同程度的心理健康问题。相关分析表明PSQI与SCL-90各因子及其总均分皆呈显著的正相关关系。睡眠质量差的学生SCL-90各因子平均分和现患率显著高于睡眠质量好与中的学生。逐步回归分析揭示睡眠障碍和日间功能不良对SCL-90各因子均有十分重要的预测作用。睡眠质量与心理健康状况的因果关系有待于进一步探讨。     

手术室优质护理对急诊手术患者的焦虑和抑郁情绪的影响

目的探讨手术室优质护理对急诊手术患者焦虑和抑郁情绪的影响。方法选取我院2011年1月～2014年12月急诊手术室患者60例,随机分成两组,对照组采用常规护理,观察组采用优质护理,并对两组患者术前术后症状自评量表(SCL-90)和抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分进行分析和比较。结果术前两组患者的SCL-90、SDS评分组间比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。术后观察组患者的SCL-90、SDS评分均优于对照组,且差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论对手术室患者实施优质护理效果明显,能显著改善患者的心理状态。     

护理干预对心脏神经官能症的影响及生活质量评价

目的探讨护理干预对心脏神经官能症患者的疗效及对生活质量的影响。方法选取我院2012-05-2015-05收治入院的120例心脏神经官能症患者为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为常规护理组与护理干预组,对比2组患者的疗效及患者护理前、护理2周后的心理状态评价结果。结果护理干预组总有效率明显高于常规护理组,且差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.86,P0.05)。护理干预组护理后总症状指数、抑郁因子评分、焦虑因子评分与护理前相比差异均具有统计学意义(t=2.98,P0.05;t=3.32,P0.05;t=3.14,P0.05)。常规护理组护理后总症状指数、抑郁因子评分、焦虑因子评分与护理前相比差异均具有统计学意义(t=2.76,P0.05;t=2.56,P0.05;t=2.19,P0.05)。常规护理组护理后患者总症状指数(SCL90)、抑郁因子评分、焦虑因子评分与护理干预组护理后相比差异具有统计学意义(t=2.94,P0.05;t=3.32,P0.05;t=3.14,P0.05)。护理干预组角色功能、躯体功能、认知功能、情绪功能、社会功能及总体健康状况评分明显高于常规护理组,且差异有统计学意义(t=6.24,P0.05;t=6.86,P0.05;t=6.94,P0.05;t=7.02,P0.05;t=7.34,P0.05;t=7.16,P0.05)。结论与常规护理及营养心脏药物治疗相比,在此基础上加强护理干预措施对治疗心脏神经官能症有明显疗效,可减少患者的心理焦虑,显著提高了患者的生活质量。     

新入伍军人睡眠质量与潜在攻击性的关系

目的:探讨新入伍军人睡眠质量及攻击行为的现状及二者的关系,为新入伍军人攻击行为的预防提供参考。方法:应用修订版外显攻击行为量表(MOAS)和匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)量表对某部816名新入伍军人进行测评。结果:新入伍军人MOAS总分为(1.15±3.49),PSQI总分为(3.21±3.07)分,攻击行为检出率为3.7%,睡眠异常检出率为13.8%,明显高于正常男性群体(9.76%,P0.001);新入伍军人睡眠异常者MOAS各项目分及总分均高于睡眠正常者(t=2.10~4.38,P0.05或P0.01);睡眠质量异常者攻击行为发生率(9.73%)高于睡眠质量正常者(2.70%),其差异有统计学意义(χ2=13.59,P0.001);新入伍军人MOAS总分及各项目分与PSQI总分及各因子分呈整体正相关(r=0.197~0.911,P0.05或P0.01)。结论:新入伍军人的攻击行为与其睡眠质量有关。     

优思明预处理对多囊卵巢综合征患者心理状态和临床疗效的影响研究

目的探讨优思明预处理对多囊卵巢综合征患者心理状态和临床疗效的影响。方法选择我院2013年1月~2014年1月就诊的116例多囊卵巢综合征不孕患者随机分为两组,对照组58例来曲唑治疗,观察组58例优思明3个月预处理后来曲唑治疗,比较两组患者的心理状态、激素水平变化以及来曲唑促排卵治疗4个月的排卵率、妊娠率。结果两组患者治疗前焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分差异均无统计学意义(P0.05),治疗后两组SAS、SDS评分均显著下降,且观察组下降更明显,与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);两组治疗后,观察组促黄体生成素(LH)、睾酮(T)显著降低,与治疗前比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05),而对照组上述指标有所下降,但与治疗前比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05);来曲唑促排卵治疗4个月,观察组的排卵率、妊娠率分别为78.6%、41.4%,均显著高于对照组的63.3%、27.6%,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论多囊卵巢综合征不孕患者给予优思明预处理,能够改善患者的心理状态及激素水平,提高排卵及妊娠率,是有效的临床治疗方案。     

驻舰艇军人心理状况与人格特征的相关研究

目的:探讨驻舰艇军人心理健康状态及相关因素。方法:采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)、艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)评估海军某水面舰艇200名驻舰航行(长航)前后的心理健康状况。结果:长航前,除人际关系因子外,驻舰军人SCL-90总分及其他因子分均较男性军人常模显著低(P<0.01)。长航后SCL-90总分及各因子分均有所提高,其中总分、躯体化、焦虑、恐惧及精神病性因子分变化有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。驻舰军人EPQ各分量表得分与男性常模比较差异均无显著性(P均>0.05)。SCL-90各因子分与EPQ精神质、神经质呈显著正相关(P<0.01),与掩饰性呈显著负相关(P<0.01);而人际关系、抑郁、恐惧因子分与内外向呈负相关(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论:驻舰军人心理健康水平较好。人格特征与应激状态下心理健康水平关系密切。     

脑卒中患者伴发抑郁的综合干预效果评价

目的 观察对本社区脑卒中患者伴发抑郁的患病率、发病程度、综合干预治疗的情况.方法 以109例社区脑卒中患者为对象,应用ZUNG抑郁自评量表(SDS)进行抑郁评估,对抑郁患者进行有效的心理及药物治疗,进行自身前后比较.结果 本组脑卒中患者抑郁患病率48.6%,其患病率与年龄有关,与性别、卒中类型无关,经干预治疗后下降至33.9%.结论 应对脑卒中患者进行抑郁调查和及时治疗.     

乌鲁木齐市援疆干部睡眠质量和心理健康状况调查

目的调查乌鲁木齐市援疆干部的睡眠质量及心理健康状况,为改善其睡眠质量、提高心理健康水平提供参考。方法采用横断面研究方法,于2014年3月-2016年12月在乌鲁木齐市7个区中随机抽取其中的天山区和新市区2个区的62名援疆干部和65名本地干部进行调查,采用匹兹堡睡眠指数量表(PSQI)和症状自评量表(SCL-90)评定其睡眠质量和心理健康状况。结果援疆干部PQSI总评分≥7分者共28人(45. 1%),本地干部组PQSI总评分≥7分者共27人(41. 5%),援疆干部PSQI睡眠潜伏期、睡眠效率和总评分均高于本地干部(t=2. 337~2. 421,P均0. 05)。援疆干部SCL-90总评分、强迫症状、人际关系敏感、敌对和偏执因子评分均低于全国常模(t=-8. 610~-2. 040,P 0. 05或0. 01),恐怖因子评分高于全国常模(t=2. 950,P 0. 01)。援疆干部SCL-90恐怖因子评分高于本地干部(t=2. 538,P 0. 05),人际关系敏感和敌对因子评分均低于本地干部(t=-2. 604、-3. 480,P 0. 05或0. 01)。结论乌鲁木齐市援疆干部的总体心理健康状况优于普通人群,但睡眠效率差、睡眠潜伏期长。     

焦虑自评表对职业中学学生的测试结果及其影响因素

应用焦虑自评量表（ＳＡＳ）对２５６名职业中学学生的测试结果显示，职业中学学生焦虎现患率（ＳＡＳ≥５０分）为１２．５０％，男生为９．３７％，女生为１３．５４％，男女之间无显著性差异。年级间比较，三个年级间的焦虑现患率也无明显的差异。影响因素的分析显示，ＳＡＳ得分与艾森克个性间卷中的Ｎ量表分和Ｐ量表分有明显的正相关关系，而与Ｌ量表分有明显的负相关关系。多因素分析表明，ＳＡＳ得分除以与个性特征关系密切，     

2010年某部新兵睡眠质量调查分析

目的 了解2010年某部新兵的睡眠质量状况.方法 采用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)量表对199名某部新兵进行测试.结果 新兵的睡眠质量问题检出率为6.03%,低于先前的研究(P<0.05);新兵的主观睡眠质量、睡眠时间、应用催眠药物分值高于以往研究(P<0.05);男新兵的入睡潜伏时间、睡眠效率分值高于女新兵(P<0.05),而睡眠时间分值低于女新兵(P<0.01);独生子女的入睡潜伏时间分值显著高于非独生子女(P<0.05);主观睡眠质量、入睡潜伏时间、睡眠时间分值在不同文化程度新兵群体中有显著差异(P<0.05).结论 新兵的睡眠质量状况不容乐观,应当给予关注.     

The Epworth sleepiness scale: relationship to sleep and mental disorders in a sleep clinic

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Both sleep disorders and mental disorders are associated with excessive daytime sleepiness as measured by the Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS). We sought to assess the relationship between the ESS scores and mental disorders in a sleep clinic. METHODS: One hundred sixty-five consecutive new referrals to a sleep clinic completed the ESS prior to their initial visit. Mental disorders (major depression, minor depression, anxiety not otherwise specified, and panic disorder) were diagnosed with the primary care evaluation of mental disorders (PRIME-MD) questionnaire, a reliable and valid instrument. Nearly all sleep diagnoses (95%) were made by polysomnography. RESULTS: The mean ESS for the cohort was 12.3 (standard deviation (SD) 5.1). There was no difference in the mean ESS for those with and without mental disorders (12.8 vs. 12.2, P=0.48) or sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) (12.3 vs. 12.3, P=0.99). ESS scores were not different between patients with a comorbid mental disorder and SDB compared with the presence of a mental disorder or SDB alone (combination: 13.0 vs. mental disorder: 11.5 vs. SDB: 12.2, P=0.70). There was also no relationship between ESS scores and the respiratory disturbance index (RDI) (P=0.63). CONCLUSIONS: We found no relationship between ESS scores and mental disorders among referrals to a sleep clinic. ESS cannot be used to screen for mental disorders among sleep clinic patients.     

某部2013年新兵睡眠质量及相关因素分析

目的了解某部2013年新兵的睡眠质量状况。方法采用自制的新兵心理卫生调查问卷及匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表（PSQI）对某部200名2013年新兵进行调查测试。结果2013年新兵的睡眠质量异常检出率为17．01％,高于正常男性群体和2010年新兵（P=0．001）;2013年新兵的主观睡眠质量（SSQ）、入睡潜伏时间（sL）、睡眠干扰因素（Sdi）、应用催眠药物（USM）、白天功能障碍（DD）分值及PSQI总分均高于正常男性群体（P〈0．05,P〈0．01）;睡眠效率（HSE）低于正常男性群体（P〈0．05）,2013年新兵的SL、HSE、Sdi．及PSQI总分高于2010年新兵（P〈0．01）,睡眠时间（Sdu）分值低于2010年新兵（P〈0．05）。Logistic回归分析显示：非自愿入伍（P〈0．001,OR=8．782。95％CI=3．860～19．979）、认为不适应部队生活（P〈0．001,OR=6．731,95％CI=2．943—15．392）为2013年新兵睡眠质量异常的显著危险因子。结论2013年新兵的睡眠质量状况不容乐观,应当给予持续关注;乐观向上的心态有助于良好的睡眠质量。     

The Epworth sleepiness scale in the identification of obstructive sleep apnea

The Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS) is often used clinically to screen for the manifestations of the behavioral morbidity associated to obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The purpose of this study was to assess the sensitivity of the ESS in the identification of OSA, as defined by an elevated apnea-hypopnea index. A retrospective chart review of 268 consecutive patients diagnosed with OSA at a multidisciplinary sleep medicine clinic was conducted. The ESS obtained a relatively low sensitivity (66%) in the identification of an apnea-hypopnea index of 5 and above at the suggested cutoff of 10 and increased to 76% at 8. The results of the study showed only fair discriminatory ability of the ESS as a screener for OSA. A score of 8 (instead of 10) is suggested as the cutoff among clinic populations being screened for a sleep disorder.     

History and future of comparative analyses in sleep research

The comparative methods of evolutionary biology are a useful tool for investigating the functions of sleep. These techniques can help determine whether experimental results, derived from a single or few species, apply broadly across a specified group of animals. In this way, comparative analysis is a powerful complement to experimentation. The variation in the time mammalian species spend asleep has been most amenable for use with this approach, given the large number of mammals for which sleep data exist. Here, it is assumed that interspecific variation in the time spent asleep reflects underlying differences in the need for sleep. If true, then significant predictors of sleep times should provide insight into the function of sleep. Many such analyses have sought the evolutionary determinants of mammalian sleep by relating the time spent in the two basic states of sleep, rapid eye movement (REM) and non-REM sleep, to constitutive variables thought to be functionally related to sleep. However, the early analyses had several methodological problems, and recent re-analyses have overturned some widely accepted relationships, such as the idea that species with higher metabolic rates engage in more sleep. These more recent studies also provide evolutionarily broad support for a neurophysiological role for REM sleep. Furthermore, results from comparative analyses suggest that animals are particularly vulnerable to predation during REM sleep, a finding that lends further support to the notion that REM sleep must serve an important function. Here, we review the methodology and results of quantitative comparative studies of sleep. We highlight important developments in our understanding of the evolutionary determinants of sleep and emphasize relationships that address prevailing hypotheses for the functions of sleep. Lastly, we outline a possible future for comparative analyses, focusing on work in non-mammalian groups, the use of more physiologically meaningful variables, and electrophysiological sleep studies conducted in the wild.     

Spontaneous hand usage and handedness in a troop of baboons

Hand usage was studied in a troop of 18 Guinea baboons (10 adults and 8 young) for spontaneous activities. Handedness was determined by an analysis of unimanual activities and bimanual asymmetric activities. The distribution of preferential biases gave 5 right-handers and 2 left-handers, other subjects being ambidextrous. Main effects were age related: the strength of the preference was greater for adults than for young; moreover, bimanual activities performed by the adult group were more asymmetric than those realized by the subgroup of young. Laterality thus appears to develop during ontogeny in baboons.     

Clinical usefulness of the Parkinson's disease sleep scale

OBJECTIVE: To test the usefulness of the Parkinson's disease sleep scale (PDSS) in identifying sleep disorders in the clinical practice setting. METHODS: Sixty-two PD patients were evaluated with the PDSS and the Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS). A cut-off of less than five for each PDSS item as an indicator of substantial sleep disturbance was chosen. If the ESS was equal to or greater than eight, patients were referred to a sleep disorder specialist and possible polysomnography. RESULTS: The mean total PDSS score was 104.7+/-21.5,which correlated with the mean Hoehn and Yahr score (1.9+/-0.9) as well as the mean ESS score (9.7+/-4.7). A significant correlation was also found between the ESS score and several items of the PDSS. CONCLUSIONS: The PDSS was useful in identifying sleep disturbances which were not previously diagnosed, such as sleep maintenance insomnia and excessive daytime sleepiness. Problems with the PDSS include ambiguities of some questions, lack of quantification and an inability to identify specific sleep disturbances such as sleep apnea.     

An attempt of radar chart expression of a self-rating scale for sleep disturbance

Abstract We made an attempt to express a complaint of sleep disturbance by a self-rating scale of radar chart mode. The questionnaire for sleep disturbance is made up of eight items. Each item was scored from grade 1 to 4. The score of each item was projected to the MY radar chart, designed by us. It is noted that this method is useful in following the effect of hypnotics on sleep disturbance.